01842 Wet feed method gasification apparatus

01842 Wet feed method gasification apparatus

04 By-products related to fuels 00/01840 The stability of LiNiLaO/y-A1203 catalyst for partial oxidation of methane to syngas Liu, S. /‘log. Ntrt...

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04

By-products

related

to fuels

00/01840 The stability of LiNiLaO/y-A1203 catalyst for partial oxidation of methane to syngas Liu, S. /‘log. Ntrt. Sci.. 1999, 9. (3). 198-202. A series of characterization, namely fixed-bed microreactors, TG, XRD, XPS, TPR and BET were used to investigate the catalytic performance, carbon deposition, thermal stability, catalyst surface composition and crystal phase. The LiNiLaOir-Al203 catalyst showed reasonable stability during the 200 hour life-test at 123 K. CH4 conversion and CO selectivity kept exceeding 96.00%, respectively, at CHh/Oz ratio of 1.96 and space velocity of 27 000 I/kgh. The catalyst had excellent carbon deposition resistance, a comparatively stable pore structure plus a stable crystal phase. In addition, the active nickel in the centre did not react with the support to produce the compound (NiAlzOd) during the high temperature reaction.

Trends in the change of technological properties of

00/01841

coke

Gainieva, G. R. Koks Khin~.. 1999. (I). 16-17. (in Russian) A discussion on the factors that affect the quality of coke. The list of points includes: deviation from optimal coking blend and governing rules of caking and coking properties; changes in coal types used in blends; and the state of ovens and alterations in coking conditions.

00101842 Wet feed method gasification apparatus Tanaka, E. Jpn, Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP II 106,760 [99 106,760] (Cl. ClOJ3/ SO), 20 Apr 1999. Appl. 97/266,609, 30 Sep 1997. 6. (In Japanese) A wet-feed method gasification apparatus is described. The technology is ultimately designed for the production of gasification gas. The fuel undergoes a reaction with an oxidizing agent in a gasification zone by feeding the fuel of coal-water slurry and dry fuel through a burner comprises a dry fuel supply means for feeding the dry fuel (e.g. pulverized coal) to the burner. There is a flow control mechanism on the apparatus, which means that the amount of dry fuel supplied corresponds to the composition of the generated gasification gas.

04

BY-PRODUCTS TO FUELS

00/01843

RELATED

Chemical nature of phase transformations in carbon

Lysenko, A. V. Src~~lilrtrr,d. Mtr~r.. 1997. 6. 71-74. (In Russian) This paper reports on the construction of a phase diagram and p,Tequilibrium line for the graphite-diamond system including transitions between metallic, liquid and vapour phases. The reversible transitions between diamond and metallic carbon were found to be non-hysteretic. The thermodynamic characteristics correlate extremely well with the data in the literature. 00101844 Control of pore structure in carbon Kyotani, T. Ca&n. 2000, 38. (2). 269-286. The present review describes the recent activities in Japan on the study of pore structure control in carbon. Special emphasis is put on the control of both micro- and mesoporosity. The details of the methods employed for this purpose are introduced. The main aim in the control of micropores is to produce molecular sieving carbon (MSC) with uniform micropore structure. Such MSCs are prepared with the following unique techniques; the carbonization of metal cation exchanged resin and pyrolytic carbon deposition from benzene over activated carbon fibre. Furthermore, high performance MSC membranes for gas separation are synthesized from the carbonization of several types of organic polymer films. For the control of mesopores, many novel methods are proposed such as catalytic activation, polymer blend carbonization, organic gel carbonization and template carbonization. The availability of these proposed methods is discussed in relation to future industrial application.

Describing the breakthrou h curves of the total organic mixture and its molecular weBght fractions by PF-PSDM and IAST-Freundiich model

00/01845

Li. F. Frrhtltrrir. .4&~/r/. /CO/I/:/. 6rh. 199X. 104 l-l 046. The performance of an activated carbon in the removal of organic matter with unknown components was described using a rational multicomponent approach. Bench and pilot scale column experiments applied for several water sources and activated carbons verified this method. In order to evaluate the mass transfer parameters of the hypothetical components a simple and reliable method was used.

process of direct synthesis of DME from syngas in a slurry hed has been developed with a bench plant (SO kg/day). Further development of the project using a pilot scale plant (5 t/day) commenced in 1997 with governmental support. The feasibility study of the International Development Engineering Society of Japan indicates that the production cost of DME is competitive to conventional fuel price and the cost of electricity generation using DME is the same as that of a coal-fired power station with a much lower environmental load. The most realistic scenario for the introduction of DME fuel in Asia in the early 21st century is its promotion as a thermal power plant fuel in Japan, as a clean motor vehicle fuel in large cities of Asia, and as a substitute for liquefied petroleum gas or kerosene in Asia.

00/01847 Field demonstration of mine grout made from fluidized bed combustion ash Robl, T. L. E/tr’irorr. I.v.tr,c,.vR’r/.crc’Mtr/roxc. &~rr~cr Mi~r. /‘rot/.. P/WC../rr/. Srrrr/‘., .rrh. 1998. 535-530. In the Appalachian coalfeilds of the USA, there are several hillion tons of stranded coal reserves, because of the highwall auger mining. The construction of low cost grouts derived from fluidized bed combustion ash, combined with new highwall mining technology presents a method to recover this coal. In eastern Kentucky, field trials have been carried out and they demonstrate that pumpable grouts can be emplaced in abandoned auger holes with sufficient fluidity to completely fill the auger holes.

00/01848 Manufacture of activated carbon from refuse derived solid fuel Nagano, S. and Obata, T. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP I I 106.210 199 106,210] (Cl. COIB31/10). 20 Apr 1999. Appl. 97/2X4,561. 30 Sep 1997. 5. (In Japanese) The carbonization of refuse-derived solid fuel to manufacture activated carbon, involves thermal decomposition hy hot air in a thermal decomposition furnace, then the obtained carbides are activated by steam in a gasactivation apparatus. An alternative method, is the burning of the gas generated by the thermal decomposition in a melting furnace for melting fly ash and recovering slag, recovering heat from the melting furnace for generating steam in a waste heat boiler. using the steam for gas-activation and removing unmelted fly ash and harmful substances in the gas by a waste gas treatment apparatus. fJyWo49

Manufacture of fired materials having low cadmium

Sakamoto, Y. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP I I 114.536 [99 I14,536] (Cl. B09B3/00), 27 Apr 1999, Appl. 971287.317, 20 Ott 1997. 4. (In Japanese) The manufacture of fired materials involves, incinerated garbage fly ash being mixed with additives. binders. and coal or coke, pulverization, shaping with water, the option of drying and firing at >lOOO” for 215 minutes in a rotary furnace to give the title product.

Method for manufacture of organic compounds from carbon dioxide by hydrothermal reactions

00101850

Yamazaki, N. Jpn, Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP II 116,508 [99 116,508] (Cl. CO7Cl/OZ), 27 Apr 1999, Appl. 97/278.615, 13 Ott 1997. 4. (In Japanese) Hydrothermal reduction under saturated steam pressure using iron components as catalysts can be used to convert carbon dioxide into organic compounds such as MeOH. M&HO and PrOH. This method is valuable for the production of fuels from carbon dioxide generated during the combustion of fossil fuels.

00/01851

Modern coking as an object of system analysis

Saranchuk, V. I. Kok.\ Khiu~.. 1998. I ill2. 33-39. (In Russian) There are many complex problems associated with modern coking, including production control, scheduling of resource distribution. and operation. A large manufacturing system is required for modern by-product coking.

00101852 Molecular structure and extrographic behavior of heterocompounds Cerny, J. Per. Cot!/. 199X. 40. (3). 167-169. This study focuses on the elution behaviour of some polyaromatics and heterocompounds in extrographic fractionation was studied. The standard compounds used were typical examples of coal tar derived liquids, The elution behaviour of nitrogen and oxygen heterocompounds was substantially affected by the steric configuration of these molecules and steric hindrance of polar centres caused these molecules to elute earlier than expected. A positive inductive effect of methoxy-, hydroxy, and alkyl substttuents, also affected some of the heterocompounds

00/01848

Multi-bioassay approach for assessing the potency of complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Adachi, Y. Frirel. 2000. 79, (3-4). 229-234 Dimethyl ether (DME) is a clean and sustainable alternative fuel that can be produced from natural gas, coal or other organic resources through syngas. The properties of DME are suitable for the production of power generation fuel, transportation fuel, home fuel and chemicals. Production of DME fuel from unutilized natural gas or coal resources in remote areas will contribute in solving the energy-environment dilemma. An innovative

Mayura, K. Chenrosplrerc~. 1999. 38. (8). 1721-l 732. In order to evaluate embryotoxic and mutagenic endpoints from crude coal tar (CT) and its fractionated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixtures (designated as A. B, C. D and E) the chick embryotoxicity screening test (CHEST) and the Salmonella/microsome bioassay were used. The CT and PAH mixtures were injected into the egg yolk during the CHEST assay. For all of the fractions, a dose-dependent increase in embryo mortality was observed. The E fraction resulted in 47% embryo mortality at

00101853

Effective utilization of remote coal through dlmethyl ether synthesis

208

Fuel

and

Energy

Abstracts

July 2000