91240818 Progesterone administration by nasal spray

91240818 Progesterone administration by nasal spray

245 index. and years of oestrogen deficiency). Controls and DMPA users were matched without prior knowledge of their bone density measurements. Setti...

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index. and years of oestrogen deficiency). Controls and DMPA users were matched without prior knowledge of their bone density measurements. Setting-Teaching hospital and community family planning clinics. Subjects - 30 current users of DMPA with a minimum live years’ previous use. 30 premenopausal controls, and 30 postmenopausal controls. Main outcome measure - Lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results - Compared with premenopausal controls matched for age, race, and body mass index, DMPA users had significantly reduced bone density in the lumbar spine (mean difference 7.5”/u (95% confidence interval 1.9% to 13. I’!& p = 0.002) and in the femoral neck (6.6%, (0.8% to 12.3%), p = 0.007). Compared with postmenopausal controls matched for body mass index and duration of oestrogen deficiency, DMPA users had greater bone density in the lumbar spine (8.9% (4.3K to 13.5X), p = O.OOl), but in the femoral neck the difference in bone density was less (4.0% (-0.4% to 8.5”/), p = 0.04). Conclusions ~ Women using DMPA have bone density values intermediate between those of normal premenopausal and postmenopausal controls: thus. the degree of oestrogen

deficiency

induced

by DMPA

may have an adverse effect on bone density.

91240818 Progesterone administration

by nasal spray

Cicinelli E.; Ragno G.; Cagnazzo 1.; Fanelli F.; Vetuschi C.: Schonauer S. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Piazza G. Cesare. 70124 Bari FERTIL. STERIL. 1991 56/l (139-141) The bioavailability and the clinical usefulness of the P administered by nasal spray were investigated. Ten healthy menopausal women received an IN spray administration (4 doses of an oleic P solution 20 mg/mL. corresponding to nearly I I .2 mg of P) and the circulating P levels were calculated. Sixty minutes after administration, the maximum concentration (CMax, 3.75 f 0.214 ng/mL) was reached. High P levels (>2 ng/mL) lasted until 360 minutes, and the AUC 0 to 720 was I ,48 I .6 f 343 ng h/mL. Progesterone administration by spray formulation has proven to be effective in reaching therapeutic levels and to be acceptable to patients and, probably, clinically safe. 91242149 Nutrition epidemiology: How do we know what they ate? Barrett-Connor E. Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Caltfornia. San Diego, M-007. Lo Jolla, CA 92093-0607 AM. J. CLIN. NUTR. 1991 54/2 SUPPL. (182S-187s) It is generally

believed but difficult

to prove that diet plays a role in the risk of various

diseases.

This

studies paper reviews strengths and deficiencies of select diet-assessment methods used in epidemiologic with particular reference to their use in the study of osteoporosis. Direct observation or weighed food records are useful primarily as validation for less intrusive methods. Complete food history by interview or food diary (by self report) is expensive and time consuming. A 24-h diet recall obtained by a trained dietitian can provide accurate, quantitative information on recent intake but does not represent usual intake. Food frequency questionnaires provide better estimates of usual diet but are less quantitative and subject to problems of recall and seasonality. NO method is universally the best. Lack of an expected dietdisease association may reflect exposure misclassification, inadequate statistical power. or limited range of the nutrients studied. Given the differences in diet-assessment osteoporotic fracture have had surprisingly similar results.

methods,

studies of dietary calcium

and

91257925 Changes in lipids and lipoproteins with long-term estrogen deficiency and hormone replacement

therapy

Gambrel1 R.D. Jr.; Teran A.-Z. Department of Physiology. Medical College of Georgia. Augusta. GA 30912 AM. J. OBSTET. GYNECOL. 1991 16512 (307-317) Cross-sectional data of the long-term effects of estrogens, androgens. and progestogens on lipids and lipoproteins were obtained in 556 postmenopausal women aged 24 to 85 years with follow-up for I to