06440 Power generation plant with coal gasification

06440 Power generation plant with coal gasification

Engines (power generation and propulsion, electric vehicles) 10 Energy management and control In industry - an 96106429 example yt~$&, V. et al., CX...

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Engines (power generation and propulsion, electric vehicles)

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Energy management and control In industry - an 96106429 example yt~$&, V. et al., CXDDET Energy Ef@iency Newsletter, Jun. 1996, (2), - . Discusses energy management and control systems in industries producing fashionable, high-quality textiles. In the wool industry energy demands are usually high but energy efficiency is usually poor. Decribes the energy management system used at the Italian company Laniticio Ing. Lore Piana S.p.A. Describes how a combined heat and power and management and control systems can be applied in the textile industry. Evaluatlon of Iead/acld batterles under slmulated 96m430 electric-vehicle duty: Development of design parameters on the bar18 of SFUDS Performance Ho~len~mp, A. F. et al., J. of Power Sources, Mar.-Apr. 1996, 59, (l),

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Exhaust gas temperature for knock datectlon and 96m431 control In aoark krnltlon enalne Abu-Qudais, M. Et&y Convek Mgmt., Sep. 1996, 37, (9), 1383-1392. Knock is a major problem limiting the development of efficient and powerful engines in-both design and operating stages. It is objectionable-due to its damage on engine elements. Without knock, an engine can be designed to have a higher compression ratio, giving higher efficiency and power output. Since knock is a factor of concern, many researches have been done to eliminate and control knock. To date, knock has been detected using an accelerometer or an in-cylinder pressure transducer. These types of sensors have some drawbacks. In this paper, a new sensor for detecting knock is presented. Ex erlmantal lnvaatlgatlon of brown coal combua96106432 tlon with almu Pated gas turblne exhaust gas In a combined cycle applkatlon Kakaras, E. and Vourliotis, P. Coal Sci Technol., 1995, 24, 647-650. Describes a study of brown coal fluidized bed combustion. Simulated turbine exhaust gas was used as fluidizing medium and oxidant. Use of catalyst improved the combustion and decreased CO, SO, and hydrocarbons emissions. A direct effect of temperature on N,O emission was observed; the emission decreased clearly when the bed temperature was increased. Hybrld drlve for low-emlaalon trucks and buses 96106433 Chudi, P. and Malmquist, A. ABE Review, 1996, (6), 12-18. Working together with the Swedish car company Volvo, ABB has developed a high-performance hybrid drive consisting of gas turbine, generator and battery that will meet the stricter requirements of future clean air legislation. The new drive is designed especially for trucks and innercity buses and has been installed in two 15-tonne concept vehicles. These are providing know-how and experience that will benefit large-scale commercial use of the drive. 96106434

Large-eddy almulatlon of a concave wall boundary

FL? T S. and Moin, P. Inl. J. Hear & Fluid Flow, Jun. 1996, 17, (3), 290-i95: Large-eddy simulations of a spatially evolving boundary layer on a concave surface are discussed. Meaophaae and pyrolytic carbon formation In alr96106435 craft fuel llnaa Eser, S. Carbon, 1996, 34, (4), 539-547. Exposure of jet fuel to high temperatures in aircraft fuel lines triggers pyrolysis reactions which eventually lead to deposition of carbonaceous solids on metal surfaces. This is particularly important problem for advanced future aircraft which may expose fuel-to veiy high temperatures. Different optical textures were observed in samples of deposits formed in different sections of aircraft fuel svstmes. Deoosits from a burner fuel line consist only of pyrolytic carbon, indicating {hat gas phase reactions were responsible for solid formation. Afterburner line deposits, on the other hand, contain both pyrolytic carbon and carbonaceous mesophase stmctures, implicating also liquid phase carbonization reactions. The new ATP family - The optlmum turblne for 96106436 every appllcatlon Jurke, S. ABE Review, 1996, (6), 19-28. Power station vendors are expected not only to have the product depth and know-how needed to supply complete plants and individual components but also to uote competitive prices and offer short delivery times whilst ensuring lu*B est levels of flexibility and reliability. Over and above this, there is a demand for compact turbine plants which can be run under a very wide range of service conditions. Industrial steam turbines are therefore optimized for specific production processes, requiring modifications which only a flexible, modular system can offer. To meet all of these requirements, ABB Power Generation Industry developed the ATP steam turbine family for the power range of 2 to 100 MW.

452

Fuel and Energy Abstracts November 1996

96106437 A numerical study of three-dlmenslonal wallbounded flows Coleman, G. N. et al., Int. J. Heat & Fluid Flow, Jun. 1996, 17, (3), 333-342. Nonequilibrium three-dimensional turbulent boundary layers are studied using direct numerical simulation. Time-developing flows are used to investigate the physics of spatial-developing ones. Performance of rapeaaad oil blends In a dleael 96106436 englna Nwafor, 0. M. and Rice, G. Applied Energy, Aug. 1996,54, (4), 345-354. The concept that 100% vegetable oil cannot be used safely in a directinjection diesel engine for long periods of time has been stressed by many researchers. Short-term engine tests indicate good potential for vegetable oil fuels. Long-term endurance tests may show serious problems in injector coking, ring sticking, gum formation, and thickening of lubricating oil. These oroblems are related to the hieh viscositv and nonvolatilitv of veeetable dils, which cause inadequate Lel atomization and incomplete cobbustion. Fuel blending is one method for reducing viscosity. The paper presents the results ofan engine test on three fuel Blends. T&t runs-were also made on neat rapeseed oil and diesel fuel as bases for comparison. There were no significant problems with engine operation using these alternative fuels. 96106439 Potentlal carbon emlaalon aavlnga from combined heat and power In bulldlnga Moss,S. A. ef al., BRE Information Paper 4196, 1996, 5 pp. Discusses the reduction of carbon emissions from buildings. Presents an initial analysis of the extent to which carbon emissions could be reduced through the application of combined heat and power in UK buildings. 96106440 Power generation plant wlth coal gasification Tanabe, H. and Izumi, A. (Assigned to) Shibaura Elec&ic Co., Japan, JAP. Par. JP.O8,04,555, Jan. 1996. The power generation plant consists of a coal gasifier, an apparatus for refining coal gases, compressor and combustor for combusting the refined coal gases, gas turbine driven by combustion gases, and power generation, and a control apparatus for a gas turbine to adjust gas flow rate. 96/06441 A quantified study of rothalpy conservation In turbomachlnea Bosman, C. and Jadayel, 0. C. lnt. J. Hear & Fluid Flow, Aug. 1996, 17, (4), 410-417. Previous studies are generally confined to establishing the fundamental validity of the assumption of rothalpy conservation and usually comment on its significance without providing any quantitative assessments to support their stated conclusion. This study attempts to quantify in terms of the order of error of temperature and velocity that may typically occur in practical turbomachine calculations involving a real fluid (one supporting both viscous stress and heat conduction) as a result of assuming that rothalpy is conserved. The general conclusion is that errors arising from the assumption of rothalpy conservation are, in practice, negligible. In particular, the effect of rotating blades, as compared to stationary ones is completely negligible, and one of the greatest errors arises from the term involving Prandtl number. Thermodynamic almulatlona of lignite-flred IGCC 96106442 with In situ deaulfurlzation and CO, capture Elseviers, W. F. et al., Fuel, Oct. 1996, 75, (12), 1449-1456. IGCC cycles running on Greek lignite with in situ desulphurization and CO, capture were simulated using the ASPEN PLUS process simulator and compared with other power cycles. Dolomite was chosen as the material for in situ desulphurization. Considering the power produced and residual sulphur content of the offgas, an oxygen-blown gasifier operated at 1.8 MPa and 95O”C, having a thermal efficiency of 38.9%, gives the best performance. The efficiency loss due to CO, capture can be largely compensated using IGCC cycles. Turbulence control with wall-adjacent thln layer 96106443 damplng apanwlse velocity fluctuations Satake, S. and Kasagi, N. Int J. Heat & Fluid Flow, Jun. 1996, 17, (3), 343-352. Direct numerical simulations have been carried out for fully developed turbulent channel flow and heat transfer with an assumption of a thin layer adjacent to the wall, in which a virtual body force acts to damp the spanwise velocity fluctuations. Fourth-order finite difference computations were made over a relatively small computational volume to repeat simulations under various damping force conditions.