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Analysis on the role of coal piles in an underground coal gasification tunnel
03
Transport, Storage 96/02538 Combustion and gasification of coal and straw under pressurized conditions. Task 6: Determination of kinetic parameters for pulverized straw In pressurized entralned·flow reactor (PEFR) Fjellerup.T. et al., Report Risoe-R-814, Risoe Natl. Lab., Roskilde, Denmark, 1995, 28 pp. (in Danish) The report is part of an experimental programme that deals with pressurized combustion and gasification of coal and biomass. Describes experiments with pulverized straw in the pressurized entrained-flow reactor in order to determine kinetic parameters for pyrolysis, combustion and gasification.
96/02539
Gas benefits from Middle East peace process
Roberts, 1. Petroleum Review, Dec. 1995, 49, (587), 537-538. Reports that the four core countries in the Middle East peace process -Egypt, Isreal, Jordan and the Palestine National Authority, are currently negotiating a project to bring Egyptian gas northwards by means of a 438 km pipeline from Port Said to Haifa. The project is both important in its own right and will bring gas from Saudi Arabia, the Gulf and Central Asia to serve European and Mediterranean needs.
96/02540 Improved quality polyethylene systems give rise to traceabilfty: A necessity Hugueny,1. C. Gaz d'aujourd'hui, Jan. 1996, 120, (1), 23-25. (In French) Improved quality and reliability of polyethylene natural gas distribution systems have given rise to a new phenomenon: traceability, i.e. the quality of state of being traceable. The article, which brings us up-to-date with current developments, illustrates the factors which led to the advent of traceability, as well as clarifying its essential characteristics and intended uses.
96/02541
96/02545 The manager: Ir Daan Vlugt Thorborg, L. Gas (Netherlands), Dec. 1995, 115, (12), 14-17. (In Flemish) Obragas, a gas-only distribution company, was found to be the most productive Dutch energy distribution company in 1994, and the company was awarded the Business Engineering Award in 1995. General Manager Daan Vlugt tells about the policy plan and the process of business reengineering that led to the productivity improvement. The key elements were low cost, customer orientation, a change of corporate culture and a focusing of all corporate activities on maintaining or increasing the overall corporate value. The major effects on staff were job changes and the introduction of incentives.
96/02546 1996 natural gas yearbook John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, West Sussex, UK, £95.00, 1996, 302 pp. 96/02547
New EVCls correcting gas meter errors
Meijerink, R. et al., Gas (Netherlands), Mar. 1996, 116, (3), 36-45. (In Flemish) In gas-meters statistical gas volume metering errors occur. Gastec investigated these errors in four gas receiving stations and at nine large consumers. The error was found to range from 0.5% fast to 1% slow. In studying the mean error curve of turbine gas meters the error was found to range from 0% to 0.3% slow. The investigators went on the look for a possibility of electronically correcting the error. Before this option can be widely adopted Gastect says guidelines should first be developed.
96/02548
Trinidad exploits gas reserves
Renwick, D. Petroleum Review, Jan. 1996, 50, (588), 40-41. Discusses how Trinidad and Tobago have in recent years been quietly, though agressively, building up a reputation for itself as a centre of gasrelated activity.
Quality of work on buried distribution systems
Dumondelle, H. Gaz d'aujourd'hui, Jan. 1996, 120, (1), 17-20. (In French) The article exposes some of the arguments and conclusions contained within a gas engineering 'masters' thesis which was successfully completed by the author. The thesis concentrates on the quality of work undertaken on buried mains within a natural gas distribution area; it also proposes some possible ways as to how to control work quality.
Economics, Business, Marketing, Policy 96/02542 Diversity and efficiency of the natural gas sector in Europe: The Belgian case Neirynck, J. P. Revue de l'Energie, Jan. 1996, (474), 7-10. (In French) The present organization of the market of natural gas in Belgium takes due account of its specificity especially as regards its total foreign dependency for gas supply. The operation is controlled by means of a regulation system ensuring a good balance between the rights and duties of the actors on the market. This system has proved its efficiency through its recognized performances. The European Commission is preparing rules in order to further open the natural gas markets in Europe. These draft rules do not take sufficiently account of the specificities of the Belgian natural gas markets. This publication analyses some of the problems which could result out of the rules. Further, Belgium due to its geographical situation fulfils an important role in transit of natural gas.
96/02543
Gaseous fuels (derived gaseous fuels)
Hydrogen as a future transportation fuel
Berry, G. D. et al., Energy, Apr. 1996, 21, (4), 289-303. A smooth transition from a petroleum-driven transportation system to clean-burning automobiles with the performance and range of today's gasoline cars is plausible using high-efficiency hydrogen-fueled hybrid-electric vehicles. The introduction of hydrogen vehicles will reduce U.S. dependence on oil imports, virtually eliminate automotive urban air pollution, accelerate the development of cost-effective renewable energy, and help stablize greenhouse-gas emissions. Based on an economic and technical analysis, H2 vehicles, when first introduced, can be cost-competitive with battery-powered electric vehicles.
Intentions for Dutch gas research Raaijen, W. Gas (Netherlands), Dec. 1995, 115, (12), 30-35. (In Flemish)
96/02544
Dutch gas research needs more coordination and clear priorities have to be set. That was the general outcome of a round-table discussion organised by GAS magazine for the last issue of 'Gas Research in the Netherlands'. Participants in the discussion were representatives of EnergieNed, Gasunie, Gastec, universities, appliance manufacturers and government. All parties involved recognised the importance of better contacts and closer cooperation. Recently, some initiatives in this area have been taken. The discussion resulted in a number of new intentions, for there is a clear need for more synergy.
Derived Gaseous Fuels 96/02549 Analysis on the role of coal piles in an underground coal gasification tunnel Guo, C> Meitan Zhuanhua, 1995, 18, (2), 64-67. (In Chinese) The role of coal piles in an underground coal gasification tunnel was analyzed based on laboratory results and a turbulence model. The analysis results showed that the coal piles would have a great effect on the gasification reaction. It was suggested thai a suitable distance between the coal piles in the tunnel is made.
Apparatus for coal gasification with stable slag 96/02550 discharge Kotsuru, H. et al., (Assigned to) Shinnippon Seitetsu KK, lAP. Pal. JP.07,197,044, Aug. 1995. The apparatus consists of a gasification furnace charged with pulverized coal and O-containing gas for producing fuel gases to be discharged from the top, and a doughnut-shaped combustion chamber for preheating on the bottom of the furnace to discharge the slag.
96/02551 Attrition-resistant zinc titanate sorbent for sulfur Swisher, J. H. et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1995, 34, (12), 4463-4471. For new coal gasification systems, zinc titanate sorbents are being developed to remove sulphur from the hot product gas prior to its use in combined cycle turbines and high-temperature fuel cells. The properties of zinc titanate for this application are attractive. However, there is still a concern about durability over many sulphidation-regeneration cycles. The approach to the problem taken in this project was to contain the zinc titanate in a structural matrix of excess titania. Fifteen sorbent formulations were evaluated in a screening study to obtain a good compromise between mechanical properties and chemical reactivity. Also reported are the complementary research on improving sorbent regeneration procedures and on activation pretreatments.
96/02552 Coalbed methane. An additional utilization of hard coal deposits Preusse, A. Erzmetall, 1995,48, (9), 647-659. (In German) Discusses the recovery of natural gas, which is adsorptively bound in hard coal deposits.
96/02553 A comparison of zeolite and dolomite as gasification tar-cracking catalysts Timpe, R. C. and Young, B. C. Prepr. Pap.-Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Oem., 1995,40, (4), 783-787 In this paper a zeolite (X-2388) and dolomite were compared as potential catalyst for cracking of heavy tars from steam gasification of Beluga (Alaska) subbituminous and Beulah West (lignite).
Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996 181
Transport, Storage 96/02538 Combustion and gasification of coal and straw under pressurized conditions. Task 6: Determination of kinetic parameters for pulverized straw In pressurized entralned·flow reactor (PEFR) Fjellerup.T. et al., Report Risoe-R-814, Risoe Natl. Lab., Roskilde, Denmark, 1995, 28 pp. (in Danish) The report is part of an experimental programme that deals with pressurized combustion and gasification of coal and biomass. Describes experiments with pulverized straw in the pressurized entrained-flow reactor in order to determine kinetic parameters for pyrolysis, combustion and gasification.
96/02539
Gas benefits from Middle East peace process
Roberts, 1. Petroleum Review, Dec. 1995, 49, (587), 537-538. Reports that the four core countries in the Middle East peace process -Egypt, Isreal, Jordan and the Palestine National Authority, are currently negotiating a project to bring Egyptian gas northwards by means of a 438 km pipeline from Port Said to Haifa. The project is both important in its own right and will bring gas from Saudi Arabia, the Gulf and Central Asia to serve European and Mediterranean needs.
96/02540 Improved quality polyethylene systems give rise to traceabilfty: A necessity Hugueny,1. C. Gaz d'aujourd'hui, Jan. 1996, 120, (1), 23-25. (In French) Improved quality and reliability of polyethylene natural gas distribution systems have given rise to a new phenomenon: traceability, i.e. the quality of state of being traceable. The article, which brings us up-to-date with current developments, illustrates the factors which led to the advent of traceability, as well as clarifying its essential characteristics and intended uses.
96/02541
96/02545 The manager: Ir Daan Vlugt Thorborg, L. Gas (Netherlands), Dec. 1995, 115, (12), 14-17. (In Flemish) Obragas, a gas-only distribution company, was found to be the most productive Dutch energy distribution company in 1994, and the company was awarded the Business Engineering Award in 1995. General Manager Daan Vlugt tells about the policy plan and the process of business reengineering that led to the productivity improvement. The key elements were low cost, customer orientation, a change of corporate culture and a focusing of all corporate activities on maintaining or increasing the overall corporate value. The major effects on staff were job changes and the introduction of incentives.
96/02546 1996 natural gas yearbook John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, West Sussex, UK, £95.00, 1996, 302 pp. 96/02547
New EVCls correcting gas meter errors
Meijerink, R. et al., Gas (Netherlands), Mar. 1996, 116, (3), 36-45. (In Flemish) In gas-meters statistical gas volume metering errors occur. Gastec investigated these errors in four gas receiving stations and at nine large consumers. The error was found to range from 0.5% fast to 1% slow. In studying the mean error curve of turbine gas meters the error was found to range from 0% to 0.3% slow. The investigators went on the look for a possibility of electronically correcting the error. Before this option can be widely adopted Gastect says guidelines should first be developed.
96/02548
Trinidad exploits gas reserves
Renwick, D. Petroleum Review, Jan. 1996, 50, (588), 40-41. Discusses how Trinidad and Tobago have in recent years been quietly, though agressively, building up a reputation for itself as a centre of gasrelated activity.
Quality of work on buried distribution systems
Dumondelle, H. Gaz d'aujourd'hui, Jan. 1996, 120, (1), 17-20. (In French) The article exposes some of the arguments and conclusions contained within a gas engineering 'masters' thesis which was successfully completed by the author. The thesis concentrates on the quality of work undertaken on buried mains within a natural gas distribution area; it also proposes some possible ways as to how to control work quality.
Economics, Business, Marketing, Policy 96/02542 Diversity and efficiency of the natural gas sector in Europe: The Belgian case Neirynck, J. P. Revue de l'Energie, Jan. 1996, (474), 7-10. (In French) The present organization of the market of natural gas in Belgium takes due account of its specificity especially as regards its total foreign dependency for gas supply. The operation is controlled by means of a regulation system ensuring a good balance between the rights and duties of the actors on the market. This system has proved its efficiency through its recognized performances. The European Commission is preparing rules in order to further open the natural gas markets in Europe. These draft rules do not take sufficiently account of the specificities of the Belgian natural gas markets. This publication analyses some of the problems which could result out of the rules. Further, Belgium due to its geographical situation fulfils an important role in transit of natural gas.
96/02543
Gaseous fuels (derived gaseous fuels)
Hydrogen as a future transportation fuel
Berry, G. D. et al., Energy, Apr. 1996, 21, (4), 289-303. A smooth transition from a petroleum-driven transportation system to clean-burning automobiles with the performance and range of today's gasoline cars is plausible using high-efficiency hydrogen-fueled hybrid-electric vehicles. The introduction of hydrogen vehicles will reduce U.S. dependence on oil imports, virtually eliminate automotive urban air pollution, accelerate the development of cost-effective renewable energy, and help stablize greenhouse-gas emissions. Based on an economic and technical analysis, H2 vehicles, when first introduced, can be cost-competitive with battery-powered electric vehicles.
Intentions for Dutch gas research Raaijen, W. Gas (Netherlands), Dec. 1995, 115, (12), 30-35. (In Flemish)
96/02544
Dutch gas research needs more coordination and clear priorities have to be set. That was the general outcome of a round-table discussion organised by GAS magazine for the last issue of 'Gas Research in the Netherlands'. Participants in the discussion were representatives of EnergieNed, Gasunie, Gastec, universities, appliance manufacturers and government. All parties involved recognised the importance of better contacts and closer cooperation. Recently, some initiatives in this area have been taken. The discussion resulted in a number of new intentions, for there is a clear need for more synergy.
Derived Gaseous Fuels 96/02549 Analysis on the role of coal piles in an underground coal gasification tunnel Guo, C> Meitan Zhuanhua, 1995, 18, (2), 64-67. (In Chinese) The role of coal piles in an underground coal gasification tunnel was analyzed based on laboratory results and a turbulence model. The analysis results showed that the coal piles would have a great effect on the gasification reaction. It was suggested thai a suitable distance between the coal piles in the tunnel is made.
Apparatus for coal gasification with stable slag 96/02550 discharge Kotsuru, H. et al., (Assigned to) Shinnippon Seitetsu KK, lAP. Pal. JP.07,197,044, Aug. 1995. The apparatus consists of a gasification furnace charged with pulverized coal and O-containing gas for producing fuel gases to be discharged from the top, and a doughnut-shaped combustion chamber for preheating on the bottom of the furnace to discharge the slag.
96/02551 Attrition-resistant zinc titanate sorbent for sulfur Swisher, J. H. et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1995, 34, (12), 4463-4471. For new coal gasification systems, zinc titanate sorbents are being developed to remove sulphur from the hot product gas prior to its use in combined cycle turbines and high-temperature fuel cells. The properties of zinc titanate for this application are attractive. However, there is still a concern about durability over many sulphidation-regeneration cycles. The approach to the problem taken in this project was to contain the zinc titanate in a structural matrix of excess titania. Fifteen sorbent formulations were evaluated in a screening study to obtain a good compromise between mechanical properties and chemical reactivity. Also reported are the complementary research on improving sorbent regeneration procedures and on activation pretreatments.
96/02552 Coalbed methane. An additional utilization of hard coal deposits Preusse, A. Erzmetall, 1995,48, (9), 647-659. (In German) Discusses the recovery of natural gas, which is adsorptively bound in hard coal deposits.
96/02553 A comparison of zeolite and dolomite as gasification tar-cracking catalysts Timpe, R. C. and Young, B. C. Prepr. Pap.-Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Oem., 1995,40, (4), 783-787 In this paper a zeolite (X-2388) and dolomite were compared as potential catalyst for cracking of heavy tars from steam gasification of Beluga (Alaska) subbituminous and Beulah West (lignite).
Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996 181