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Aromatic polyimides comprising carbinol groups, their manufacture and uses
Flame resistive composition
polyurethane
foam
Ashida, T. (Nisshin Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha) U6 Patent 3 625 872 (7 December 1971) A flame resistant foam composite consists of an aromatic polyisocyanate with no ortho substituent, an active hydrogen containing compound, foaming agent, catalyst and an inorganic filler such as graphite, talc or a fibre. Applications include walls, chemical plant linings and storage tanks. Process for manufacturing composite panel
a
curved
Arnaud, G. US Patent 3 626044 (7 December 1971) A panel is formed from several reinforcing elements interlaced with glass cloth bands embedded in a polymerized resin foam. T h e reinforcing elements consist of a core of polymerized resin encased in glass fabric between two laths; these curved shapes are induced by moulding. For complex curvature the reinforcing elements and interfaced cloth is shuttered with supple plastic sheet outwardly reinforced with laths transverse of the reinforcing elements and pouring in an expansible resin foam, thus avoiding a conventional mould. Heat treatment of graphite fibres
Steingiser, S. and Phillips, R. J. (Monsanto Research Corp) US Patent 3 627 466 (14 December 1971) A process is described for improving the shear strength of a graphite-fibre/ resin-matrix composite where the fibres are heat-treated in a controlled ammonia containing atmosphere at above 1000°C prior to incorporation in the composite. These fibres are useful in structural composites. Heat treatment of graphite fibres
Cass, R. A. and Steingiser, S. (Monsanto Research Corp) US Patent 3 627 570 (14 December 1971) T h e shear strength of graphite fibres in a fibre-resin matrix is improved by coating with a soluble coating compound consisting of a metal hydroxide, peroxide, halide, nitrite, permanganate. dichromate or sulphide and heated in a controlled atmosphere above 400°C. These fibres are useful in structural composites. Heat treatment of graphite fibres
Cass, R. A. and Steingiser, S. (Monsanto Research Corp) US Patent 3627571 (14 December 1971) T h e shear strength of graphite fibres in a fibre-resin matrix is improved by heating the fibres with a catalyst in a halogen containing atmosphere above 300°C. These fibres are useful in structural composites. Flame resistant cloth
Economy, J. and Frechette, F. J. (The Carhorundum Co) US Patent 3 628 985 (21 December 1971) A flame-resistant cloth or fabric is prepared from phenol and aldehydes which can be formed into fibres and then cured. These fabrics may include
other fire resistant materials such as glass, polyacrylonitrile and mineral nbres. A method for reinforcing a thermoplastic article
lshan, A. B. and Shenk, W. (OwensCorning Fiberglas Corp) US Patent 3 629 026 (21 December 1971) Thermoplastics structures are reinforced by overwrapping with continuous glass strands impregnated with a solvent solution of thermoplastics resin where the solvent attacks the outer surface of the article fusing the strands to the article thus creating an integrall) reinforced structure. Method of making a self-lubricating filament wound tube
McLarty, J. L. and Hayes, C. M. (Universal Oil Products Co) US Patent 3 629 028 (21 December 1971) Smooth surfase filament wound tube is made by passing glass fibres through successive de-aerated resin baths containing a wear resistant additive. T h e filaments are flattened and slowl~ helically wound in a first layer on a mandrel, then overwound by other layers. This product is cured and removed from the mandrel. Production of carbon filaments from lowpriced pitches
Otani, S. (Kurcha Kagahu Kog3~o Kabushiki Kaisha) US Patent 3 629 379 (21 December 1971) A low priced pitch containing carbon and hydrogen, of carbon content 9196'5% by weight and mean molecular weight of at least 400, is melt spun into a filament, which is made infusible and carbonized to yield a fibre of good properties, which may also be graphitized. Pitches which are not already melt spinnable may be made so. Infusible treatment involves heating in air, oxygen or ozone or to use a hardening agent mixed prior to the spinning or applied as a coating at spinning. Refractory fibres and method of producing the same
Economy, J. and Matkovitch, V. I. (The Carborundum Co) US Patent 3 630 766 (28 December 1971) Boron nitride fibres 10 tzm in diameter are heated at 1100°C in the presence of hydrogen and a halide of titanium, niobium, zirconium, tantalum or hafnium. This converts the fibres to the corresponding metal nitride with approximately 2-10% of boron present. Coupling agent for epoxy resin composite articles
Morecek, J. R. (Dow Corning Corp) US Patent 3630780 (28 December 1971) Glass fibres are coated with a coupling agent consisting of an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of 33-86% by weight of C,H~(CH3)SiO and 14-69% by weight of R~N-A-SiO~/, or the fatty acid or amine salt of the copolymer. These coated glass fibres are impregnated with resin and cured to yield the final composite.
Method of producing mouldable reinforced thermoplastic material
Hiraga, H. and Insue, K. (Asahi Glass Co Ltd) US Patent 3 632366 (4 ]anuary 1972) Filaments are impregnated with an aqueous emulsion of thermoplastics tesin containing a small amount of organic solvent, dried to remove water and the solvent, followed by chopping into granules. T h e fibre-reinforced granules find application in injection moulding. Carbon composite structures and method for making the same
Schmidt, C. R. and Schreyer, J. M. (USAEC) US Patent 3632385 (4 lanuary 1972) Porous carbon structures such as honeycomb are filled using thermal insulating products with high strength to weight ratios. T h e porous structure is impregnated with polymerized furfuryl alcohol followed by curing and filling the cavities with a carbon foam formulation which includes a binder of partially polymerized furfuryl alcohol. After foaming the temperature is raised to carbonize the furfuryl alcohol.
UK PA TENTS Aromatic polyimides comprising carbinol groups, their manufacture and uses
Cohen, C. and Guiliani, P. (Institut Francais du Petrol des Carburants et I,ubrifiants) UK Patent 1 258882 (30 December 1971) A process is given for the manufacture of aromatic polyimides containing carbinol groups comprising reaction of at least one ester of m-phenylene bis(4-hydroxy-methylene phthalic acid) with a primary diamine at a temperature of 100-400°C. Prepolymers prepared from these materials have been used to impregnate fibrous materials and cured by heating at 200-400°C to yield useful high temperature resistant composites. Process for producing strengthened carbonized textile products
(J. P. Stevens and Co Inc) UK Patent 1 259 024 (5 ]anuary 1972) A carbonized textile product is prepared by heating a cellulosic textile at 200-300°C, and allowing the product to shrink fully until a carbonized textile substrate is formed resulting in a carbon content of 50-60% by weight. This is heated from 1000 to 1500°C in an inert atmosphere while applying tension until a carbonized textile product with a carbon content of 85-100% by weight is achieved. T h e tension applied is sufficient to exceed the shrinking forces yet insufficient to break the fibres. Manufacture of products composed of fibres agglomerated with synthetic resin
(Compagnie de Saint Gobain) UK Patent 1 259 084 (5 January 1972) Composite products in the form of mats or fabrics agglomerated with synthetic resin are produced where electrostatic charges of opposite sign
COMPOSITES JuIF 1972
]87
polyurethane
foam
Ashida, T. (Nisshin Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha) U6 Patent 3 625 872 (7 December 1971) A flame resistant foam composite consists of an aromatic polyisocyanate with no ortho substituent, an active hydrogen containing compound, foaming agent, catalyst and an inorganic filler such as graphite, talc or a fibre. Applications include walls, chemical plant linings and storage tanks. Process for manufacturing composite panel
a
curved
Arnaud, G. US Patent 3 626044 (7 December 1971) A panel is formed from several reinforcing elements interlaced with glass cloth bands embedded in a polymerized resin foam. T h e reinforcing elements consist of a core of polymerized resin encased in glass fabric between two laths; these curved shapes are induced by moulding. For complex curvature the reinforcing elements and interfaced cloth is shuttered with supple plastic sheet outwardly reinforced with laths transverse of the reinforcing elements and pouring in an expansible resin foam, thus avoiding a conventional mould. Heat treatment of graphite fibres
Steingiser, S. and Phillips, R. J. (Monsanto Research Corp) US Patent 3 627 466 (14 December 1971) A process is described for improving the shear strength of a graphite-fibre/ resin-matrix composite where the fibres are heat-treated in a controlled ammonia containing atmosphere at above 1000°C prior to incorporation in the composite. These fibres are useful in structural composites. Heat treatment of graphite fibres
Cass, R. A. and Steingiser, S. (Monsanto Research Corp) US Patent 3 627 570 (14 December 1971) T h e shear strength of graphite fibres in a fibre-resin matrix is improved by coating with a soluble coating compound consisting of a metal hydroxide, peroxide, halide, nitrite, permanganate. dichromate or sulphide and heated in a controlled atmosphere above 400°C. These fibres are useful in structural composites. Heat treatment of graphite fibres
Cass, R. A. and Steingiser, S. (Monsanto Research Corp) US Patent 3627571 (14 December 1971) T h e shear strength of graphite fibres in a fibre-resin matrix is improved by heating the fibres with a catalyst in a halogen containing atmosphere above 300°C. These fibres are useful in structural composites. Flame resistant cloth
Economy, J. and Frechette, F. J. (The Carhorundum Co) US Patent 3 628 985 (21 December 1971) A flame-resistant cloth or fabric is prepared from phenol and aldehydes which can be formed into fibres and then cured. These fabrics may include
other fire resistant materials such as glass, polyacrylonitrile and mineral nbres. A method for reinforcing a thermoplastic article
lshan, A. B. and Shenk, W. (OwensCorning Fiberglas Corp) US Patent 3 629 026 (21 December 1971) Thermoplastics structures are reinforced by overwrapping with continuous glass strands impregnated with a solvent solution of thermoplastics resin where the solvent attacks the outer surface of the article fusing the strands to the article thus creating an integrall) reinforced structure. Method of making a self-lubricating filament wound tube
McLarty, J. L. and Hayes, C. M. (Universal Oil Products Co) US Patent 3 629 028 (21 December 1971) Smooth surfase filament wound tube is made by passing glass fibres through successive de-aerated resin baths containing a wear resistant additive. T h e filaments are flattened and slowl~ helically wound in a first layer on a mandrel, then overwound by other layers. This product is cured and removed from the mandrel. Production of carbon filaments from lowpriced pitches
Otani, S. (Kurcha Kagahu Kog3~o Kabushiki Kaisha) US Patent 3 629 379 (21 December 1971) A low priced pitch containing carbon and hydrogen, of carbon content 9196'5% by weight and mean molecular weight of at least 400, is melt spun into a filament, which is made infusible and carbonized to yield a fibre of good properties, which may also be graphitized. Pitches which are not already melt spinnable may be made so. Infusible treatment involves heating in air, oxygen or ozone or to use a hardening agent mixed prior to the spinning or applied as a coating at spinning. Refractory fibres and method of producing the same
Economy, J. and Matkovitch, V. I. (The Carborundum Co) US Patent 3 630 766 (28 December 1971) Boron nitride fibres 10 tzm in diameter are heated at 1100°C in the presence of hydrogen and a halide of titanium, niobium, zirconium, tantalum or hafnium. This converts the fibres to the corresponding metal nitride with approximately 2-10% of boron present. Coupling agent for epoxy resin composite articles
Morecek, J. R. (Dow Corning Corp) US Patent 3630780 (28 December 1971) Glass fibres are coated with a coupling agent consisting of an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of 33-86% by weight of C,H~(CH3)SiO and 14-69% by weight of R~N-A-SiO~/, or the fatty acid or amine salt of the copolymer. These coated glass fibres are impregnated with resin and cured to yield the final composite.
Method of producing mouldable reinforced thermoplastic material
Hiraga, H. and Insue, K. (Asahi Glass Co Ltd) US Patent 3 632366 (4 ]anuary 1972) Filaments are impregnated with an aqueous emulsion of thermoplastics tesin containing a small amount of organic solvent, dried to remove water and the solvent, followed by chopping into granules. T h e fibre-reinforced granules find application in injection moulding. Carbon composite structures and method for making the same
Schmidt, C. R. and Schreyer, J. M. (USAEC) US Patent 3632385 (4 lanuary 1972) Porous carbon structures such as honeycomb are filled using thermal insulating products with high strength to weight ratios. T h e porous structure is impregnated with polymerized furfuryl alcohol followed by curing and filling the cavities with a carbon foam formulation which includes a binder of partially polymerized furfuryl alcohol. After foaming the temperature is raised to carbonize the furfuryl alcohol.
UK PA TENTS Aromatic polyimides comprising carbinol groups, their manufacture and uses
Cohen, C. and Guiliani, P. (Institut Francais du Petrol des Carburants et I,ubrifiants) UK Patent 1 258882 (30 December 1971) A process is given for the manufacture of aromatic polyimides containing carbinol groups comprising reaction of at least one ester of m-phenylene bis(4-hydroxy-methylene phthalic acid) with a primary diamine at a temperature of 100-400°C. Prepolymers prepared from these materials have been used to impregnate fibrous materials and cured by heating at 200-400°C to yield useful high temperature resistant composites. Process for producing strengthened carbonized textile products
(J. P. Stevens and Co Inc) UK Patent 1 259 024 (5 ]anuary 1972) A carbonized textile product is prepared by heating a cellulosic textile at 200-300°C, and allowing the product to shrink fully until a carbonized textile substrate is formed resulting in a carbon content of 50-60% by weight. This is heated from 1000 to 1500°C in an inert atmosphere while applying tension until a carbonized textile product with a carbon content of 85-100% by weight is achieved. T h e tension applied is sufficient to exceed the shrinking forces yet insufficient to break the fibres. Manufacture of products composed of fibres agglomerated with synthetic resin
(Compagnie de Saint Gobain) UK Patent 1 259 084 (5 January 1972) Composite products in the form of mats or fabrics agglomerated with synthetic resin are produced where electrostatic charges of opposite sign
COMPOSITES JuIF 1972
]87