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Bond strength of resin cements to dentin affected by caries
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d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 2 7 S ( 2 0 1 1 ) e1–e84
16 Bond strength of resin cements to dentin affected by caries P.H. Dos Santos ∗ , A.G. Godas, T.Y. Suzuki, A.P. Guedes, S. Pavan, A. Catelan, W.G. Assunc¸ão, A.L. Briso Arac¸atuba School of Dentistry – UNESP, Brazil Objective: This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength of conventional and self-etch resin cements to hygid or caries-affected dentin, at 24 h and 6 months after the bonding procedure. Materials and methods: 48 human molars were used in this study, 24 healthy and 24 affected by caries. Crows of Tescera indirect resin-based composite were bonded to dentin using three different resin cements: RelyX ARC, Panavia F and RelyX Unicem. The microtensile bond strength was measured in a universal testing machine (Emic) 24 h and 6 months after the bonding procedure. Samples of fractured teeth were observed under a scanning electron microscope to analyze the bond interface dentin/resin cement. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and PLSD Fisher’s test (p = 0.05). Results: RelyX ARC showed the highest values of microtensile bond strength compared with the other resin cements, for both dentin conditions (p < 0.001). For both substrates, there was no difference among Panavia and RelyX Unicem (p < 0.05). Independently from the resin cement, there was no difference between hygid and caries-affected dentin (p = 0.8935). Conclusions: The bonding procedure of resin cements to dentin is more dependent on the resin cement used than the condition of the dentin tissue. This study was supported by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil, grant no. 2009/17472-7). doi:10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.419 17 Solvent content vs. dentin bond strength using ethanol-wet and deproteinization bonding techniques A.L. Faria-E-Silva 1,∗ , J.E. Araújo 1 , G.P.. Rocha 1 , A.S. Oliveira 2 , R.R. Moraes 2 1 2
Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
Objective: This study evaluated the bond strength to dentin of experimental bonding agents with different solvent contents applied using conventional, ethanol-wet or deproteinization bonding techniques. Materials and methods: The experimental bonding agents were obtained using ethanol (15, 30 or 60 mass%) or acetone (7.5, 15 or 30 mass%). Flat dentin substrates were obtained from human third molars. After acid-etching and rinsing, the demineralized dentin was kept wet, treated with ascending ethanol solutions or with 10% NaOCl. The bonding agents were applied and light-cured. Cylinders of resin composite were built-up over the hybridized dentin and a shear load was applied to the cylinders until failure. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Fisher’s LSD method (˛ = 0.05). Failure modes were classified.
Results: Bonding technique
Solvent content
Solvent type (n = 10) Ethanol
Acetone
Conventional
Low Medium High
9.1 (6.2) A,b 18.8 (8.9) A,a 20.3 (4.6) A,a
14.3 (5.2) A,a 17.1 (6.9) A,a 18.2 (7.4) A,a
Ethanol
Low Medium High
10.8 (4.8) A,b 11.8 (5.9) A,b 22.9 (5.5) A,a 22.1 (10.8) A,a 18.4 (2.3) A,ab 13.7 (10.7) A,ab
Deproteinization
Low Medium High
22.2 (7.5) A,a 15.0 (2.9) A,a 13.3 (5.4) A,a
14.8 (7.8) A,a 18.2 (5.6) A,a 14.5 (6.5) A,a
Capital letters in the same line indicate differences between solvent types; lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences for solvent content (P < 0.05). Adhesive failures were predominant.
Conclusions: Bond strength was dependent on the solvent content when the conventional or ethanol techniques were used. Deproteinization eliminated the solvent-dependency. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.420 18 Influence of storage mode of resin–dentin specimens after 6 months V.P. Feitosa ∗ , A.B. Correr, M.A.C. Sinhoreti, L. Correr-Sobrinho State Universisty of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength (TBS) of resin/dentin specimens stored in water both with non-cut samples (indirect exposure (IE) with enamel border) or after cutting samples into sticks (direct exposureDE). Materials and methods: Flat dentin surfaces were obtained from extracted third molars. The dental bonding agents Clearfil SE Bond (SE, Kuraray Medical), Adper Singlebond 2 (SB, 3M ESPE) and Clearfil S3 (S3, Kuraray Medical) were applied. Samples were divided into 15 groups (n = 5), with the restored teeth or the sticks stored in water (for 3 or 6 months). Three groups (one for each adhesive) were also evaluated after 24 h as control. After storage, the TBS test was carried out and data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Results: The statistical analysis showed that at 24 h, SB (47.1 ± 7.7) > S3 (41.4 ± 6.1), SE (44.5 ± 8.2) and SE (44.5 ± 8.2) did not differed from SB and S3; at 3-month DE SB (38.8 ± 7.3) = SE (41.2 ± 8.6) > S3 (32.4 ± 7); after 6-month DE SE (41.7 ± 8.1) > SB (35.8 ± 7.5) > S3 (28.5 ± 6.3). After 3- and 6-month IE, there was no significant difference among adhesives. For S3, 24 h = 3-month IE (41.8 ± 7.2) = 6-month IE (39.7 ± 7.8) > 3-month DE > 6-month DE. For SB, 24 h = 3-month IE (45.4 ± 8.1) = 6-month IE (43.9 ± 9.2) > 3-month DE = 6-month DE. For SE, there was not difference among storage conditions and times. Conclusions: It can be concluded that TBS was negatively affected by storage with direct water exposure, except for SE.
d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 2 7 S ( 2 0 1 1 ) e1–e84
16 Bond strength of resin cements to dentin affected by caries P.H. Dos Santos ∗ , A.G. Godas, T.Y. Suzuki, A.P. Guedes, S. Pavan, A. Catelan, W.G. Assunc¸ão, A.L. Briso Arac¸atuba School of Dentistry – UNESP, Brazil Objective: This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength of conventional and self-etch resin cements to hygid or caries-affected dentin, at 24 h and 6 months after the bonding procedure. Materials and methods: 48 human molars were used in this study, 24 healthy and 24 affected by caries. Crows of Tescera indirect resin-based composite were bonded to dentin using three different resin cements: RelyX ARC, Panavia F and RelyX Unicem. The microtensile bond strength was measured in a universal testing machine (Emic) 24 h and 6 months after the bonding procedure. Samples of fractured teeth were observed under a scanning electron microscope to analyze the bond interface dentin/resin cement. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and PLSD Fisher’s test (p = 0.05). Results: RelyX ARC showed the highest values of microtensile bond strength compared with the other resin cements, for both dentin conditions (p < 0.001). For both substrates, there was no difference among Panavia and RelyX Unicem (p < 0.05). Independently from the resin cement, there was no difference between hygid and caries-affected dentin (p = 0.8935). Conclusions: The bonding procedure of resin cements to dentin is more dependent on the resin cement used than the condition of the dentin tissue. This study was supported by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil, grant no. 2009/17472-7). doi:10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.419 17 Solvent content vs. dentin bond strength using ethanol-wet and deproteinization bonding techniques A.L. Faria-E-Silva 1,∗ , J.E. Araújo 1 , G.P.. Rocha 1 , A.S. Oliveira 2 , R.R. Moraes 2 1 2
Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
Objective: This study evaluated the bond strength to dentin of experimental bonding agents with different solvent contents applied using conventional, ethanol-wet or deproteinization bonding techniques. Materials and methods: The experimental bonding agents were obtained using ethanol (15, 30 or 60 mass%) or acetone (7.5, 15 or 30 mass%). Flat dentin substrates were obtained from human third molars. After acid-etching and rinsing, the demineralized dentin was kept wet, treated with ascending ethanol solutions or with 10% NaOCl. The bonding agents were applied and light-cured. Cylinders of resin composite were built-up over the hybridized dentin and a shear load was applied to the cylinders until failure. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Fisher’s LSD method (˛ = 0.05). Failure modes were classified.
Results: Bonding technique
Solvent content
Solvent type (n = 10) Ethanol
Acetone
Conventional
Low Medium High
9.1 (6.2) A,b 18.8 (8.9) A,a 20.3 (4.6) A,a
14.3 (5.2) A,a 17.1 (6.9) A,a 18.2 (7.4) A,a
Ethanol
Low Medium High
10.8 (4.8) A,b 11.8 (5.9) A,b 22.9 (5.5) A,a 22.1 (10.8) A,a 18.4 (2.3) A,ab 13.7 (10.7) A,ab
Deproteinization
Low Medium High
22.2 (7.5) A,a 15.0 (2.9) A,a 13.3 (5.4) A,a
14.8 (7.8) A,a 18.2 (5.6) A,a 14.5 (6.5) A,a
Capital letters in the same line indicate differences between solvent types; lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences for solvent content (P < 0.05). Adhesive failures were predominant.
Conclusions: Bond strength was dependent on the solvent content when the conventional or ethanol techniques were used. Deproteinization eliminated the solvent-dependency. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.420 18 Influence of storage mode of resin–dentin specimens after 6 months V.P. Feitosa ∗ , A.B. Correr, M.A.C. Sinhoreti, L. Correr-Sobrinho State Universisty of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength (TBS) of resin/dentin specimens stored in water both with non-cut samples (indirect exposure (IE) with enamel border) or after cutting samples into sticks (direct exposureDE). Materials and methods: Flat dentin surfaces were obtained from extracted third molars. The dental bonding agents Clearfil SE Bond (SE, Kuraray Medical), Adper Singlebond 2 (SB, 3M ESPE) and Clearfil S3 (S3, Kuraray Medical) were applied. Samples were divided into 15 groups (n = 5), with the restored teeth or the sticks stored in water (for 3 or 6 months). Three groups (one for each adhesive) were also evaluated after 24 h as control. After storage, the TBS test was carried out and data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Results: The statistical analysis showed that at 24 h, SB (47.1 ± 7.7) > S3 (41.4 ± 6.1), SE (44.5 ± 8.2) and SE (44.5 ± 8.2) did not differed from SB and S3; at 3-month DE SB (38.8 ± 7.3) = SE (41.2 ± 8.6) > S3 (32.4 ± 7); after 6-month DE SE (41.7 ± 8.1) > SB (35.8 ± 7.5) > S3 (28.5 ± 6.3). After 3- and 6-month IE, there was no significant difference among adhesives. For S3, 24 h = 3-month IE (41.8 ± 7.2) = 6-month IE (39.7 ± 7.8) > 3-month DE > 6-month DE. For SB, 24 h = 3-month IE (45.4 ± 8.1) = 6-month IE (43.9 ± 9.2) > 3-month DE = 6-month DE. For SE, there was not difference among storage conditions and times. Conclusions: It can be concluded that TBS was negatively affected by storage with direct water exposure, except for SE.