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Evaluation of disease burden of hepatitis C in China
Abstracts / Journal of Clinical Virology 69 (2015) 223–246
the antiviral activity of type III IFNs in vivo. The exposure of newly discovered IFN-4 to macrophages and dendritic cells also raised the expression of its own receptor, which shows that expression of IFN-4 protein in patients with hepatitis C might augment type I IFN treatment and help to lower viral titres. Interpretation: The results of this study may help us to understand the mechanisms involved in the selective expression of IFNLR1 and exceptions involved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.029 P0023 Evaluation of disease burden of hepatitis C in China L. Wei 1,∗ , Y. Wang 2 , G.-S. Feng 2 , S.-C. Yu 1,2,3,4,5,6 , Z.-P. Duan 3 , M.-H. Lee 4 , H.-Y. Rao 5 , H. Li 6 1
Peking University People’s Hospital, China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), China 3 Beijing You-An Hospital, China 4 National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan 5 Peking University People’s Hospital, China 6 Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, China 2
Background: Hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection is an important public health concern in the world, including China. The aim of this study is to estimate the disease burden of HCV in China. Methods: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) has set up a real-time national infectious disease surveillance system in all hospitals in China since 2004. Annual data on HCV cases reported from this system between 2005 and 2013 were used to estimate new HCV cases by back calculation method. Long-term complications (cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) were also projected based on the estimation. Costs of treating these projected complications were estimated. Findings: The annual reported cases of HCV are around 30% of the projected new cases. The annual numbers of new HCV cases also increased during the study period, from almost 200 000 cases in 2005 to more than 500 000 cases in 2013. If these patients were left without proper treatment, projected numbers of cirrhosis and HCC cases would be 420 000 and 254 000, respectively, in 15 years. The costs of treating these complications would be US$ 589 million for cirrhosis and US$ 611 million for HCC. Interpretation: Disease burden of HCV is a hidden public health concern in China owing to the potential number of patients, projected complications if proper treatment is not received, and associated financial effects of treatment of the disease and complications. A national public health policy is urgently needed to properly address these concerns to improve the overall health status of the population of China. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.030
231
P0024 HBV S and P gene mutations V.F. Eremin 1,∗ , E.L. Gasich 1 , S.V. Sosinovich 1 , M.V. Domnich 1 , A.S. Nemira 1 , I. Gribok 2 , I.A. Karpov 2 1 Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus 2 Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
Background: In the Republic of Belarus the increase in new cases of chronic viral hepatitis B is recorded and reported. Annually in the country more than 700–900 new patients come to light. Methods: 410 samples of blood serum and plasma from patients from different regions of Belarus were sequenced. All samples were positive for HBV DNA. Genotyping carried out on genes S (preS1/S2) and P750 bp HBV DNA fragment was analysed. For the analysis we used Sequencing Analysis v.5.1.1, SeqScape v.2.6, BioEdit, Geno2pheno v3, and HBV-Grade. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out with MEGA 6 program. Findings: In 336 (81.9 ± 4.7%) samples HBV D (D1-79; D2-148; D3-105; D4-4 subtypes) genotype was defined. Genotype A was revealed in 68 (16.7 ± 4.1%, all patients from Belarus and Russia), C (China, Vietnam) genotype in five (1.2 ± 2.0%) samples, and B4 (Vietnam) in one (0.2 ± 1.8) case. Resistance mutations on the gene P region were found in 13 patients who were on anti-virus therapy. Thus 12 patients were carriers of D and one of A HBV genotypes. The mutation M204V occurred most often in patients, in seven cases L180M was identified, in four specimens 80I and V173L were found, and in two samples I233V came to light. From 410 analysed sequences, 223 vaccine-escape mutations were revealed. Most common was the P127T mutation (108 cases), A128V (44 cases), P120S/E (six cases); I/T126NIS and 2-G145R came to light. Interpretation: HBV D genotype, which requires combined therapy, is the dominant genotype in Belarus. At the same time, new genotypes are emerging from countries of southeast Asia. The increase in cases of identification of vaccine-escape mutations needs to be considered when testing donor blood. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.031 P0025 The genetic properties of hepatitis C virus circulating in children with malignant diseases in Belarus E. Gasich 1,∗ , V. Eremin 1 , M. Tchernovetski 2 , Sviatoslay Sasinovich 1 , M. Domnich 1 , L. Gushina 2 , I. Lykianenko 2 , O. Romanova 2 1 The Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus 2 National Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Minsk, Belarus
Background: We studied the prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtypes in children with malignant diseases. Methods: 211 sera or plasma blood samples from 128 children with malignant diseases were studied. Among those surveyed were 40 (31.2 ± 4.1%) females aged 3 months to 24 years and 88 (68.8 ± 4.1%) males aged 1 month to 29 years. HCV antibodies were detected in 52 patients, and HCV RNA was detected in 46. HCV genotype was determined in 43 patients with core/E1 and in 28 patients for the NS5 region of the genome of HCV by the method of sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis.
the antiviral activity of type III IFNs in vivo. The exposure of newly discovered IFN-4 to macrophages and dendritic cells also raised the expression of its own receptor, which shows that expression of IFN-4 protein in patients with hepatitis C might augment type I IFN treatment and help to lower viral titres. Interpretation: The results of this study may help us to understand the mechanisms involved in the selective expression of IFNLR1 and exceptions involved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.029 P0023 Evaluation of disease burden of hepatitis C in China L. Wei 1,∗ , Y. Wang 2 , G.-S. Feng 2 , S.-C. Yu 1,2,3,4,5,6 , Z.-P. Duan 3 , M.-H. Lee 4 , H.-Y. Rao 5 , H. Li 6 1
Peking University People’s Hospital, China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), China 3 Beijing You-An Hospital, China 4 National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan 5 Peking University People’s Hospital, China 6 Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, China 2
Background: Hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection is an important public health concern in the world, including China. The aim of this study is to estimate the disease burden of HCV in China. Methods: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) has set up a real-time national infectious disease surveillance system in all hospitals in China since 2004. Annual data on HCV cases reported from this system between 2005 and 2013 were used to estimate new HCV cases by back calculation method. Long-term complications (cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) were also projected based on the estimation. Costs of treating these projected complications were estimated. Findings: The annual reported cases of HCV are around 30% of the projected new cases. The annual numbers of new HCV cases also increased during the study period, from almost 200 000 cases in 2005 to more than 500 000 cases in 2013. If these patients were left without proper treatment, projected numbers of cirrhosis and HCC cases would be 420 000 and 254 000, respectively, in 15 years. The costs of treating these complications would be US$ 589 million for cirrhosis and US$ 611 million for HCC. Interpretation: Disease burden of HCV is a hidden public health concern in China owing to the potential number of patients, projected complications if proper treatment is not received, and associated financial effects of treatment of the disease and complications. A national public health policy is urgently needed to properly address these concerns to improve the overall health status of the population of China. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.030
231
P0024 HBV S and P gene mutations V.F. Eremin 1,∗ , E.L. Gasich 1 , S.V. Sosinovich 1 , M.V. Domnich 1 , A.S. Nemira 1 , I. Gribok 2 , I.A. Karpov 2 1 Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus 2 Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
Background: In the Republic of Belarus the increase in new cases of chronic viral hepatitis B is recorded and reported. Annually in the country more than 700–900 new patients come to light. Methods: 410 samples of blood serum and plasma from patients from different regions of Belarus were sequenced. All samples were positive for HBV DNA. Genotyping carried out on genes S (preS1/S2) and P750 bp HBV DNA fragment was analysed. For the analysis we used Sequencing Analysis v.5.1.1, SeqScape v.2.6, BioEdit, Geno2pheno v3, and HBV-Grade. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out with MEGA 6 program. Findings: In 336 (81.9 ± 4.7%) samples HBV D (D1-79; D2-148; D3-105; D4-4 subtypes) genotype was defined. Genotype A was revealed in 68 (16.7 ± 4.1%, all patients from Belarus and Russia), C (China, Vietnam) genotype in five (1.2 ± 2.0%) samples, and B4 (Vietnam) in one (0.2 ± 1.8) case. Resistance mutations on the gene P region were found in 13 patients who were on anti-virus therapy. Thus 12 patients were carriers of D and one of A HBV genotypes. The mutation M204V occurred most often in patients, in seven cases L180M was identified, in four specimens 80I and V173L were found, and in two samples I233V came to light. From 410 analysed sequences, 223 vaccine-escape mutations were revealed. Most common was the P127T mutation (108 cases), A128V (44 cases), P120S/E (six cases); I/T126NIS and 2-G145R came to light. Interpretation: HBV D genotype, which requires combined therapy, is the dominant genotype in Belarus. At the same time, new genotypes are emerging from countries of southeast Asia. The increase in cases of identification of vaccine-escape mutations needs to be considered when testing donor blood. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.031 P0025 The genetic properties of hepatitis C virus circulating in children with malignant diseases in Belarus E. Gasich 1,∗ , V. Eremin 1 , M. Tchernovetski 2 , Sviatoslay Sasinovich 1 , M. Domnich 1 , L. Gushina 2 , I. Lykianenko 2 , O. Romanova 2 1 The Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus 2 National Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Minsk, Belarus
Background: We studied the prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtypes in children with malignant diseases. Methods: 211 sera or plasma blood samples from 128 children with malignant diseases were studied. Among those surveyed were 40 (31.2 ± 4.1%) females aged 3 months to 24 years and 88 (68.8 ± 4.1%) males aged 1 month to 29 years. HCV antibodies were detected in 52 patients, and HCV RNA was detected in 46. HCV genotype was determined in 43 patients with core/E1 and in 28 patients for the NS5 region of the genome of HCV by the method of sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis.