Expression of HOX genes in human placentae

Expression of HOX genes in human placentae

Abstracts: 4th IFPA Conference, Poster Session EFFECT OF ETHANOL ON HUMAN FETAL PLACENTAL CIRCULATION AND ITS MECHANISM OF ACTION. K. Sako, M. As...

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Abstracts:

4th IFPA

Conference,

Poster

Session

EFFECT OF ETHANOL ON HUMAN FETAL PLACENTAL CIRCULATION AND ITS MECHANISM OF ACTION. K. Sako, M. Asai, M. Matsushita, K. Hojo, T. Masahashi, M. Suzuki, M. Noguchi and M. Nakanishi. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan.

APOFTOTIC CHANGE IN PLACENTA OF PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTJZNTION. Yeun He b, Byung Suk Lee, Yong Hee Lee’. Jae Sung Cho, Yong Won Park. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology*, College of Medicine Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.

The effect of ethanol on human fetal placental circulation was studied using the dually perfused human placental lobule, and its mechanism of action was examined using the ring preparation of human chorionic plate vessel. The fetal perfusion pressure was continuously monitored in the perfusion study, and isometric tensions in the ring preparation were expressed as a percentage of the coniraction in high Kdl solution, which was prepared by renlacing the NaCl in Krebs-Rineer bicarbonate buffer (p’H 7.4)-by an equimolar amount Gf KCl. Ethanol (0.1 - 0.5%) administration resulted in a doserelated rise in fetal perfusion pressure. The percentage increases bv 0.4% ethanol were 2.6 + 0.5% and 13.3 + 1.5% in miternal and fetal administration, respectively. The increases of isometric tension by 0.4% ethanol were 4.7 + 2.5% in the artery and 3.3 + 2.5% in the vein. The ethanol-induced contraction was partly inhibited by sodium nitroprusside and verapamil, and also by pretreatment with caffeine. This result shows a vasoconstrictor effect of ethanol on human fetal placental circulation, and the vessel contraction is induced by an influx of extracellular calcium and release from the intracellular calcium store.

The mechanism of apoptosis was first discovered at the end of the 19th century, but it was only recently that its importance was recognized. Not only in a pathologic cnvironmcnt but also in a normill environment, apoptosis has an important role in homeostasis. The number of cells is restricted by apoptosis which is controlled by several mechanisms in vivo. In pregnancy , the placenta regulates the maternal-fetal exchange of molecules and functions as a barrier for the protection of the fetus. As the pregnancy proceeds, changes occur in the number and components of placental cells. Observing the placental tissues, apoptosis was found in the syncytiotrophoblast of early and late pregnancy. In paticular, the fact that apoptosis observed in the placenta of late pregnancy supports the hypothesis that programmed ceil death is a normal sequence. Pregnancyinduced hypertention is usually accompanied by abnormal placenta and intrauterine growth restriction.In this study , using the TdT-FragEL DNA fragmentation detection kit, the changes in the nucleus by apoptosis in the placental tissues of 23 to 40 gestetional weeks in preeclampsia and eclampsia were compared with normal placenta. Apoptosis was observed in the normal term placenta and in prcgnancyinduced hypertention patients, regardless of whether vasculopathy was observed in Doppler ultrasound or confirmed by pathology, more apoptosis were observed aside from the number of gestational weeks.

EXPRESSION OF HOX GENES IN HUMAN PLACENTAE. M. Ishii, S. Hayakawa and K. Satoh, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JAPAN

Determination of the frequency of newborns with intrauterine infections having varying risk rates established by a computer-expert prognosis model based upon placental examinations. ICI. Ofkna~hn, V. .WOV~CV, CJ.

Homeobox (HOX) genes encode transcription factors in the genetic control of normal development and differentiation of body plans, as well as malignant transformation. In this study, we revealed stage specific expression of HOX genes during human placental development and its loss in hydatidiform Material and mole and choriocarcinoma samples. methods: Twenty three normal human placental samples obtained at various stages of development and 7 cases of hydatidiform mole and a case of choriocarcinoma was examined for expression of HOX genes by RT-PCR. Results: We observed continuous expression of HOXA4, A6 in placental samples throughout gestations. Cdxl and Cdx2 were expressed during 1st trimester, while HOXC4, C5, C6 were expressed from 2nd trimester to 3rd trimester. In hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma samples, loss or reduced expression of HOX genes was observed. Conclusion: Stage specific expression of Hox genes in human placentae suggests possible roles of Hox genes in placental growth and its malignant transformation.

Riabinkin, Children’s

1’. Ennilov, B. Hospital. Novgorod

Shachnev. C. State University,

Gorhunov. Central Novgorod, Russia.

hlorphologxxl csalninations of all portlons of the placenta and associated lnelnbrancs have been wade in every delivcry in Novgorod. ExanGnations were perforlned using frozen tissue colnbinod with pathology reports, delivery Information and subsequent conq~uter analysis of all infolmation. Placental cxntninntlons were lnade within 2-l hours of delivery. The prognosis was made within 48 hours of delivery. Morphological changes found in different regions of the placenta and membranes have been classified as 3 calegories: slightly expressed, expressed, and strongly expressed. A corresponding rate was assigned to each of these calegorics of morphological change. Morphological changes !n different placental regions and a combination of those changes have their own risk factor rate and were factored into the computer. The Newborn’s Inlrsuterine Infection Risk Rate (NIIRR) was crealrd as a result of the wmputer processing. The NIIRR is defined as low, tnednnn. high, and extrctncly high. While processing the results of the exannnattons of 2328 afterbirths, pathology was found in 31,1”,0 of the cases. Among those cases. low risk was found in -l8,5%, mediutn - in 32,Y%, high _ in 13,190, estrenxly high - in S,5%. Subsequent exatninalions of the newborns denwnstrated that the frequency of infections was u, casts of Low NIIRR43,3 O,“, in cases of Medium NIIRR . J9,S?;, in cases of High and Extremely High NIIRR _ 8Y,6?‘& This cotnpuler method allows one to inq&xnent an early diagnosis and introduce a specific treatment of intrauterine infectIons for newborns and to perforln prophylaxis of inwautcrinc Infections in a second pregnancy. Due to the prqnwsis of intrauterine infections in newborns, neonatal lethality rate associatwi with uQrauterine infections has decreased from 20,391 In 1988 to 7.1% in 1997: infant nwtality in Novgorod cily has dccrcascd lion1 20,6%~ in 1986 to I ?,I%” in l9Y7.