High Density Polyethylene - HDPE

High Density Polyethylene - HDPE

Chapter 29 High Density Polyethylene = HDPE Category: Polyolefin General Description: High density polyethylene (HDPE) polymers are highly crystallin...

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Chapter 29

High Density Polyethylene = HDPE Category: Polyolefin General Description: High density polyethylene (HDPE) polymers are highly crystalline, tough materials. High molecular-weight, high density polyethylenes (HMW-HDPE) are a special class of linear resins with molecular weights in the 200,000 to 500,000 range. To obtain processability along with end-use properties, control of the molecular weight distribution is critical. Some materials are produced with “bimodal” molecular weight distribution to obtain the necessary balance.[loo4] Equistar Chemicals:[l15*1

Alathon L 5876, L 5885, A4 6210, A4 6001, and A4 6020. A high density, medium molecular-weight homopolymer. Alathon A4 6030, A4 606 and A4 5865. A medium molecular-weight, high density homopolymer with extremely low gel content. This resin provides high stiffness and narrow molecular weight distribution for use in cast film applications. Alathon L 4903. A high molecularweight, high density copolymer with broad bimodal molecular weight distribution. This resin exhibits excellent machine-direction tear in an HMWHD resin as well as low gel levels. Alathon L 5005. A high molecularweight, high density copolymer that provides broad bimodal molecular weight distribution, high stifhess, and good heat-seal response and strength.

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Alathon L 4907. A high molecularweight, high density copolymer with broad bimodal molecular weight distribution. This resin exhibits high density and stiffness, and is designed for grooved feed and smooth bore equipment.

ExxonMobil:[ll4l]

Paxon 4700. A medium molecularweight, high density polyethylene homopolymer film resin. Pax-Plus 3201. A rubber-modified film resin that exhibits excellent impact strength and stress-crack resistance. It is used primarily in film where its good tear resistance and laminating properties are required. Pax-Plus 3303. A rubber-modified film resin that exhibits good toughness and easy processing. Its major uses are for film requiring good odor and moisture barrier properties and superior thermal properties. Pax-Plus 3205. A rubber-modified film resin. Its major use is in films that require good WVTR and excellent tear resistance. It offers a good combination of toughness, flexibility, and processing into blown film. Film Processing Methods: High density polyethylene can be formed by most processing methods; most films are blown films.

Ch. 29: High Density Polyethylene - HDPE

114 Film Applications: Food packaging: dairy products and bottled water; cosmetics; medical products; household chemicals; automotive gas tanks; 55 gallon drums; sheet; pipe; recreational items; geosynthetic materials. Regulatory Approval: The Equistar Chemicals Alathon grades listed herein meet the requirements of the Food and Drug Administration regulation 21 CFR 177.1520.[1158] Exxon Mobil Paxon 4700 resins meets all the requirements of the FDA for olefin polymers to be used as

articles or components of articles for contact with foodas set forthin21 CFR 177.1520(c) 2.1,2.2, and 2.3.[11411 ExxonMobil Pax-Plus 3201,3205, and 3303 meet all the requirements of the FDA for olefin polymers to be used as articles or components of articles for contact with food as set forth in 2 1 CFR 177.1520 (c) 3.1 and3.2a and21 CFR 177.1420.[1141]

Film Properties by Material Supplier Trade Name: See Tables 29-01 through 29-04.

Table 29-01. Physical Properties of Equistar Chemicals Alathon HDPE for Carton Liners

I

Material Family

I L saas

L 5876

I

Reference Number

I

HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)

I

M 6210

M 6001

M 6020

I

1158

Sample Thickness (mm)

0.051

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

I

36

18

21

16

22

Tear Strength (Elmendorf) TD (9)

600

900

500

450

500

Secant Modulus, MD1TD (MPa)

I I

TEST METHOD

Tear Strength (Elmendorf) MD (9)

Elongation at Break, MD/TD (%)

Tensile Strength at Break, MD1TD Tensile Strength at Yield, MD1TD (MW

I

I

I I

6001800 8271965

44138 26119

I

700/750 86211,000

82711,034

86211,000

I

8601850

27127

26126

I

82711,069

1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 I I I I 26126

ASTM D1922

23121

ASTM D882

I

MD-Machine Direction; TD-Transverse Direction.

Ch. 29: High Density Polyethylene - HDPE

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115 Table 29-02. Physical Properties of Equistar Chemicals Alathon HDPE for Cast Film

I

Material Family

I M 6030

M 6060

Reference Number

I

Sample Thickness (mm)

I

HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE) M 5865

1158

I

I

0.051

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

I

TEST METHOD

Tear Strength (Elmendorf) MD/TD (9)

201500

-

-

Elongation at Break, MD/TD, MPa (%)

8601850

8501650

9001800

Secant Modulus, MD/TD (MPa)

I

6901827

Tensile Strength at Yield, MD/TD (MP4

I

22121

24126

ASTM D1922

I

79311,034

ASTMD882

I

ASTMF1249

I

24125

PERMEABILITY PROPERTIES Water Vapor Transmission Rate (g mmlm2 day)

I

I

3.14

I

I

MD-Machine Direction; TD-Transverse Direction.

Table 29-03. Physical Properties of Equistar Chemicals Alathon HMW-HDPE for Film

I

Material Family

I

HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE) Equistar Chemical Alathon

Material SupplierlGrade

L 4903

L 4907

L 5005 1158

Reference Number MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS

I

Sample Thickness (mm)

I

0.125

I

-

I

0.0125

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

I

I TESTMETHOD

1.8

2.05

2.0

ASTM D3420

20118

14135

11150

ASTM D1922

Elongation at Break, MD/TD, (%)

3901260

3001420

3801420

Secant Modulus, MDITD (MPa)

11521979

7931965

106911048

Tensile Strength at Break, MDITD (%)

65167

59135

58147

Tensile Strength at Yield, MDITD (%)

4 1134

26123

31127

Dart Drop, Total Energy (ft-lb) Tear Strength (Elmendorf) MDITD (9)

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ASTM D882

Ch. 29: High Density Polyethylene - HDPE

116 Table 29-04. Physical Properties of ExxonMobil HDPE for Blown Film

I

Material Family

I

Material SupplieriGrade

I

Reference Number

Sample Thickness (mm)

Paxon 4700

Pax-Plus 2301

I

Tear Strength (Elmendorf) MD/TD (N1mm2) Elongation at Break, MD/TD, (%) Secant Modulus, MD/TD (MPa)

Pax-Plus 3303

Pax-Plus 3205

I

1141

0.025

I

0.051

Coefficient of Friction static, MD1TD kinetic, MD1TD Dart Drop, Impact Strength, 50% (9)

I

HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)

0,8210.70 0,7710.65

0,8210.70 0,7910.67

0.9110.96 0.8910.80

ASTM D1894

35

410

190

260

ASTM D1709

5196

1O i l 80

51212

1OR50

ASTM D1922

4201420

5901840

5501800

5001750

-

-

1030/1100

Tensile Strength at Break, MD/TD (MPa)

37130

Tensile Strength at Yield, MD/TD (MPa)

39135

PERMEABILITY PROPERTIES Gas Transmission Rate, 02 (cm3, mm1m2, day, atm)

141

Water Vapor Transmission Rate, IOO"F, 90% RH (g mm1m2 day)

0.3

I MD-Machine Direction; TD-Transverse Direction.

Ch. 29: High Density Polyethylene - HDPE

I I I I

30120 20110

45.9

I I I 0.1428

34123 24116

64.8

I I I I

30120 20110

57.6 0.168

I I I I

D882

ASTM D3985

I

ASTMF372

I

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