Impact of platinum group metals on duckweed (Lemna minor)

Impact of platinum group metals on duckweed (Lemna minor)

Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 205S (2011) S60–S179 for the speciation of BTs in sediments using as a mobile phase: acetonitrile–water–acetic acid (6...

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Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 205S (2011) S60–S179

for the speciation of BTs in sediments using as a mobile phase: acetonitrile–water–acetic acid (65:25:10) (v/v/v) with 0.05% TEA and 0.1% of tropolon (w/v). Pressurized liquid extraction (LPE) with a methanolic mixture of 0.5 M acetic acid and 0.2% (w/v) of tropolone was found to be suitable for the quantitative extraction of the BTs. Results for spiked sediments, limits of quantification ranged from 0.5 ␮g kg−1 to 12 ng kg−1 of tin according to the compound. The recovery value ranged from 85 to 98% and the relative standard deviation was found to be <20% levels of (BT) compounds were determined in sediments collected from north, south and central coastal areas in Sardinia. Concentrations of TBT in sediments ranged from 0.89 ± 0.06 to 630 ± 0.05 ng g−1 dry wt. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.479

P1246 Effect of chronic cadmium exposure on structure of head kidney of neotropical fish Colossoma macropomum

S135

to quantify the impact of palladium on a vegetative growth of duckweed (Lemna minor). We followed guideline OECD 221. Plants were cultivated during 7 days in different concentrations of PdCl2 , dissolved in SIS medium. We employed microbiotest (polystyrene macroplates). The tool of evaluation was firstly, the average specific growth (changes of frond number) and secondly, the amount of final biomass (image analysis, Cell*D software). The more sensitive from these two approaches give the lower value of effective concentration. The 168hEC50 value estimated according to the average specific growth was 50.2 ␮M. The 168hEC50 value calculated with the data based on the image analysis was 10.1 ␮M. It seems that the image analysis is more sensitive way. The basic difference between these two methods is that the image analysis considers the total area covered by fronds while the average specific growth relies only on the number of fronds. The obtained results points to an opinion that toxic impact does not affect only the number of new fronds but rather the occupied area on the surface of medium. Acknowledgement: Supported by MSMT 6215712402. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.481

R.D. Salazar-Lugo 1,∗ , A.B. Vargas 2 , L.M. Rojas 3 1

Bioanálisis, Universidad de Oriente, Cumaná, Venezuela, Enfermería, Universidad de Oriente, Cumaná, Venezuela, 3 Instituto De Biomedicina, Universidad de Oriente, Cumaná, Venezuela

P1248 The effect of cigarette smoking according to eight comet assay parameters

The “cachama” or “tambaqui” Colossoma macropomum is one freshwater neotropical fish used to improve the intensive aquaculture development in Venezuela. We have observed that cadmium decrease total leukocytes in this fish without recovered this parameter during depuration period probably by cadmium effect on target organs as trunk and head kidney. The present work focused on the histological alterations on head kidney of juvenile of cachama exposed to 0.1 mg/L cadmium during 31 days and cadmium effect on concentration of essential elements such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium in blood. Results showed that there was a significant accumulation of cadmium in head kidney and it was observed that metal induced damage in this tissue. The most important lesions were basement membrane thickening and decrease in the number of orthochromatic cells. Calcium, magnesium and phosphorus concentration decrease significantly in cadmium exposed fish. We concluded that chronic cadmium exposure of cachama affected the head kidney structure and bioconcentration of essential metals in blood and we suggest that immunosuppressor cadmium role in this fish is due its direct effect on head kidney. FONACIT-PROJECT G2005000775

T. Söylemezo˘glu 1,∗ , E. Söylemez 2 , Z. Kayaalti 3 , V. Aliyev 1

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doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.480

P1247 Impact of platinum group metals on duckweed (Lemna minor) I. Soukupova ∗ , L. Strakova, M. Beklova Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Platinum group metals (PGM) are chemically reactive noble elements with wide range of use. The main source of PGM is catalytic exhaust gas converters in mechanical vehicles. The physical conditions inside the catalyst (too high temperature of exhaust gases, mechanical and chemical effects on the surface) caused the emissions of PGM. Afterwards, this leads to exposure the environment (e.g. water, soil, sediments, biota). The purpose of our work was

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Forensic Chemistry and Forensic Toxicology, Forensic Sciences, Ankara, Turkey, 2 Forensic Sciences, Ankara, Turkey, 3 Forensic Genetic, Forensic Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the smoking and DNA damage in lymphocytes. A potential genotoxic effect of cigarette smoking has been analyzed with the comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis, SSGE). The eight parameters (Comet Length (CL), Comet Intensity (CI), Head Length (HL), Head Intensity (HI), Tail Length (TL), Tail Intensity (TI), Tail Moment (TM) and Olive Tail Moment (OTM)) defined on comet assay have been used for the first time in this study. 60 smokers (30 females and 30 males) and 60 non-smokers (30 females and 30 males), mean age was 33.32 ± 8.38 ranging between 21 and 59 years, were monitored in the way of DNA damage in blood leukocytes. The levels of DNA damage were measured by BAB Bs Comet Assay system. Only blood samples from female subjects were found statistically significant using parameters such as CL, CI, HL, HI, TL, TI and TM (p < 0.05) with regards to DNA damages. In contrast, only TM was significant statistically for male subjects (p < 0.05). The SI (Smoking Index) was classified as non-smokers (group A), light smokers (group B) and heavy smokers (group C). SI’s of all the blood samples from females were compared based on comet parameters except for TM and found significant statistically (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the blood samples taken from male were significant using CL, HL, HI, TI and OTM (p < 0.05). Consequently, comet assay for the evaluation of DNA damages related with increased genotoxic effects could be used in smokers. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.482