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Ion exchange and solvent extraction
Journal of the Less-Common Metals, 37 ( 1974) 3 15-3 16 (ii Elsevier Sequoia S.A., Lausanne - Printed in The Netherlands
315
BOOK REVIEW
Ion Exchange
and Solvent Extraction:
Marcus, Volume 4, published 265 + xii; price $19.75.
editors Jacob A. Marinsky and Yizhak by Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1973; pp.
The present volume, which is devoted to ion exchange, maintains the high standard set by previous volumes in the series. There is much material here which will appeal to a wider audience, particularly in the fascinating article by R. Buvet, M. Guillou and Liang-Tse Yu, on “Electronic and Ionic Exchange Properties, Conductivity and Permselectivity of Organic Semiconductors and Redox Exchangers”. This draws interesting comparisons between the equilibrium theory of ion exchange and selectivity in polymeric systems on the one hand, and the quantum-mechanical treatment of classical semiconductors such as doped germanium on the other; to this they add Pourbaix’s treatment of electrochemical stability and proceed to use this to predict the behaviour of systems as diverse as the stability of binary dissociable semiconductors and of the species produced on irradiation of water by ionizing radiation. A more conventional topic, “Liquid Ion Exchange Technology”, is presented by Robert Kunin with all the clarity of exposition and economy of effort which are his hallmarks. Not a wasted word here; anyone wishing to brief himself on the principles, equipment, and selected examples, should start with this article. The same can be said of H. F. Walton’s account of “Ligand Exchange Chromatography”, a technique in which ions (usually, but not always, cations) bound to a solid substrate (frequently, but not exclusively, an ion exchanger) are used to separate mixtures of components which are complexed with the stationary phase to different degrees. The physical principles are explained clearly and numerous examples are given, principally of separations involving amino-compounds on columns containing Cu(II)ions. The brief article by J. Marinsky, “Equations for the Evaluation of Formation Constants of Complexed Ion Species in Cross-linked and Linear Polyelectrolyte Systems” deals with the problems of calculating average coordination numbers for small ions bound to charged polyelectrolytes from titration data, and derives expressions which take account of the electrostatic interactions at the surface. One of the very few errors in this book occurs in equation (24) on p. 238, where AK-’ should read (AK-‘)‘. Finally, though firstly in sequence, there is a masterly review by Y. Marcus on “Ion Exchange in Non-aqueous and Mixed Solvents”. The use of non-aqueous systems and of mixed solvents to change selectivities and to enhance separations is well-established, but there have been few systematic investigations compared with the ordered array of studies on aqueous systems, and thus the physical principles which underlie their behaviour are, as yet, little known. Professor Marcus has gathered together the evidence and has attempted to draw some basic conclusions, as well as to point out how much remains to be done. The article is thus as much a guide to the future as a record of the past, and as such it is invaluable. By far the
316
BOOK
REVIEWS
longest article in the book (120 pages), it has 322 references and valuable tabulations of distribution coefficients and lists of separations. Like Homer, Professor Marcus is rarely caught nodding, but twice he refers to an article by Strelow “later in this volume”, while it is obvious from the tables of contents of the various articles at the beginning of the book that Strelow’s article arrived too late for this volume! All in all, this is an excellent volume both in the breadth of its coverage and the quality of the articles. It can be warmly recommended to all students of the physical sciences whose interests touch upon this field. C. B. Amphlett
315
BOOK REVIEW
Ion Exchange
and Solvent Extraction:
Marcus, Volume 4, published 265 + xii; price $19.75.
editors Jacob A. Marinsky and Yizhak by Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1973; pp.
The present volume, which is devoted to ion exchange, maintains the high standard set by previous volumes in the series. There is much material here which will appeal to a wider audience, particularly in the fascinating article by R. Buvet, M. Guillou and Liang-Tse Yu, on “Electronic and Ionic Exchange Properties, Conductivity and Permselectivity of Organic Semiconductors and Redox Exchangers”. This draws interesting comparisons between the equilibrium theory of ion exchange and selectivity in polymeric systems on the one hand, and the quantum-mechanical treatment of classical semiconductors such as doped germanium on the other; to this they add Pourbaix’s treatment of electrochemical stability and proceed to use this to predict the behaviour of systems as diverse as the stability of binary dissociable semiconductors and of the species produced on irradiation of water by ionizing radiation. A more conventional topic, “Liquid Ion Exchange Technology”, is presented by Robert Kunin with all the clarity of exposition and economy of effort which are his hallmarks. Not a wasted word here; anyone wishing to brief himself on the principles, equipment, and selected examples, should start with this article. The same can be said of H. F. Walton’s account of “Ligand Exchange Chromatography”, a technique in which ions (usually, but not always, cations) bound to a solid substrate (frequently, but not exclusively, an ion exchanger) are used to separate mixtures of components which are complexed with the stationary phase to different degrees. The physical principles are explained clearly and numerous examples are given, principally of separations involving amino-compounds on columns containing Cu(II)ions. The brief article by J. Marinsky, “Equations for the Evaluation of Formation Constants of Complexed Ion Species in Cross-linked and Linear Polyelectrolyte Systems” deals with the problems of calculating average coordination numbers for small ions bound to charged polyelectrolytes from titration data, and derives expressions which take account of the electrostatic interactions at the surface. One of the very few errors in this book occurs in equation (24) on p. 238, where AK-’ should read (AK-‘)‘. Finally, though firstly in sequence, there is a masterly review by Y. Marcus on “Ion Exchange in Non-aqueous and Mixed Solvents”. The use of non-aqueous systems and of mixed solvents to change selectivities and to enhance separations is well-established, but there have been few systematic investigations compared with the ordered array of studies on aqueous systems, and thus the physical principles which underlie their behaviour are, as yet, little known. Professor Marcus has gathered together the evidence and has attempted to draw some basic conclusions, as well as to point out how much remains to be done. The article is thus as much a guide to the future as a record of the past, and as such it is invaluable. By far the
316
BOOK
REVIEWS
longest article in the book (120 pages), it has 322 references and valuable tabulations of distribution coefficients and lists of separations. Like Homer, Professor Marcus is rarely caught nodding, but twice he refers to an article by Strelow “later in this volume”, while it is obvious from the tables of contents of the various articles at the beginning of the book that Strelow’s article arrived too late for this volume! All in all, this is an excellent volume both in the breadth of its coverage and the quality of the articles. It can be warmly recommended to all students of the physical sciences whose interests touch upon this field. C. B. Amphlett