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Particulars of the steamer saxonia
Mechanics, .Physlc~, and Chemistry.
354
The alloys of bismuth-antimony, bismuth-tin, antimony, and zinc were determined in order to ascertain whether, as they give, with other metals, such strong thermo-electric currents, they might be more advantageously employed for thermo-electric batteries than those constructed of bismuth and antimony. Coppers No. 1, 2, 3, were wires of commerce. :No. 1 contained small quantities'of lead, tin, zinc, and nickel. The low conducting power of :No. 1 is owing, as Professor Bunsen thinks, to a small quantity of suboxide being dissolved up in it. Graphite :No. 1 is the so-called pure Ceylon; No. 3 purified German and No. 2 a mixture of both. The specimens were purified byBrodie's patent and pressed by Mr. Cartmell, to whom I am indebted for the above. The conducting power for gas-coke, graphite, and Bunsen's batterycoke increases by heat from 0 ° to 140 ° C.; it increases for eac~adegree 0"00245, i. e., at 0 ° C. the conducting power ~ 100, and between the common temperature and a light red heat about 12 per cent. The following metals were chemically pure :--Silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, quicksilver, bismuth, tellmium. Those pressed were sodium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, cadmium, potassium, tin, lead, strontium, antimony, bismuth, tellurium, and the alloys of bismuth-antimony and bismuth-tin. The way in which these wires were made is described in the "_PMlosoThical Magazine," for :February, 1857. For the Journal of the Franklin Institute.
.Particulars of the Steamer ~axonia. Hull and machinery built by Ca~rd & Co., Greenwich. ttamburgh and :New York Steamship Co.
Owners,
~IuLL.~ L e n g t h on deck, . . . . over all, B r e a d t h of b e a m ( m o l d e d ) , D e p t h of hold, " to spar deck, D r a f t of water. Tonnage, . Masts, t h r e e - - r i g , barque.
.
315 feet. 345 " 40 " 24 " 32 " 19 "
6 inches.
3 feet
70 inches. 6 "
2500.
ENGINEs--Vertical, direct.
Diameter of cylinders, L e n g t h of stroke, B O I L E a s - - F o n r - - H o r l z o n t a l tubular. N u m b e r of f u r n a c e s - - t h r e e in eacl'a boiler. PROPELLER.D i a m e t e r of screw, . N u m b e r of b l a d e s - - t h r e e .
.
. "
12 feet. ,
ttemarks.--Frames, shape, 1 - ; depth, 6 ins. ; width of web, ~-in. ; width of flanches, 3 ins. Thickness of plates from keel to gunwale, 1~ to ~-inch. Diameter of rivets, ~-ineh; distance, 2~-inch--single and double riveted. Independent steam, fire, and bilge pumps, one.
Combined Nut and Gland for Screw Stop Valves.
855
Boilers, chimney, and smoke pipe protected from communicating fire by iron and felt. 6 bulkheads. Water bottoms to boilers. Two fore and aft stringers on spar and main decks, ½-inch by 3 feet; and two (inboard), g-inch by 12½ inches. Has four decks, and can accommodate 54 first class, 117 second class, and 400 steerage passengers. C. H. H. For the J o u r n a l of the F r a n k l i n I n s t i t u t e .
Combined Nut and Gland for Screw Stop Valves. Messrs. I. P. Morris & Co., Port Richmond Iron Works, have lately applied to their screw stop valves, a neat and inexpensive substitute for the arch or column and cross-head, generally used to hold the nut for the thread on the stem. The arrangement, which was designed by Mr. Lewis Taws, the engineering member of the firm, will be seen in the cut below, in which it is shown as adapted to a horizontal steam engine ; a, B, c, being parts of the steam-chest, cylinder, and passage from the steam supply pipe ; and I) Dt a brass nut for the screwed stem of the valve, as well as that required for forcing down the gland in the stuffing-box, the threads in both being of the same pitch to prevent jamming when screwing down the packing with the valve seated.
The' mechanic will observe readily the ease with which the nut can be finished, and the certainty of all the parts being in line with each other, as all the work can be done in the lathe. Screw-valves are often fitted with a thread and nut between the valve
354
The alloys of bismuth-antimony, bismuth-tin, antimony, and zinc were determined in order to ascertain whether, as they give, with other metals, such strong thermo-electric currents, they might be more advantageously employed for thermo-electric batteries than those constructed of bismuth and antimony. Coppers No. 1, 2, 3, were wires of commerce. :No. 1 contained small quantities'of lead, tin, zinc, and nickel. The low conducting power of :No. 1 is owing, as Professor Bunsen thinks, to a small quantity of suboxide being dissolved up in it. Graphite :No. 1 is the so-called pure Ceylon; No. 3 purified German and No. 2 a mixture of both. The specimens were purified byBrodie's patent and pressed by Mr. Cartmell, to whom I am indebted for the above. The conducting power for gas-coke, graphite, and Bunsen's batterycoke increases by heat from 0 ° to 140 ° C.; it increases for eac~adegree 0"00245, i. e., at 0 ° C. the conducting power ~ 100, and between the common temperature and a light red heat about 12 per cent. The following metals were chemically pure :--Silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, quicksilver, bismuth, tellmium. Those pressed were sodium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, cadmium, potassium, tin, lead, strontium, antimony, bismuth, tellurium, and the alloys of bismuth-antimony and bismuth-tin. The way in which these wires were made is described in the "_PMlosoThical Magazine," for :February, 1857. For the Journal of the Franklin Institute.
.Particulars of the Steamer ~axonia. Hull and machinery built by Ca~rd & Co., Greenwich. ttamburgh and :New York Steamship Co.
Owners,
~IuLL.~ L e n g t h on deck, . . . . over all, B r e a d t h of b e a m ( m o l d e d ) , D e p t h of hold, " to spar deck, D r a f t of water. Tonnage, . Masts, t h r e e - - r i g , barque.
.
315 feet. 345 " 40 " 24 " 32 " 19 "
6 inches.
3 feet
70 inches. 6 "
2500.
ENGINEs--Vertical, direct.
Diameter of cylinders, L e n g t h of stroke, B O I L E a s - - F o n r - - H o r l z o n t a l tubular. N u m b e r of f u r n a c e s - - t h r e e in eacl'a boiler. PROPELLER.D i a m e t e r of screw, . N u m b e r of b l a d e s - - t h r e e .
.
. "
12 feet. ,
ttemarks.--Frames, shape, 1 - ; depth, 6 ins. ; width of web, ~-in. ; width of flanches, 3 ins. Thickness of plates from keel to gunwale, 1~ to ~-inch. Diameter of rivets, ~-ineh; distance, 2~-inch--single and double riveted. Independent steam, fire, and bilge pumps, one.
Combined Nut and Gland for Screw Stop Valves.
855
Boilers, chimney, and smoke pipe protected from communicating fire by iron and felt. 6 bulkheads. Water bottoms to boilers. Two fore and aft stringers on spar and main decks, ½-inch by 3 feet; and two (inboard), g-inch by 12½ inches. Has four decks, and can accommodate 54 first class, 117 second class, and 400 steerage passengers. C. H. H. For the J o u r n a l of the F r a n k l i n I n s t i t u t e .
Combined Nut and Gland for Screw Stop Valves. Messrs. I. P. Morris & Co., Port Richmond Iron Works, have lately applied to their screw stop valves, a neat and inexpensive substitute for the arch or column and cross-head, generally used to hold the nut for the thread on the stem. The arrangement, which was designed by Mr. Lewis Taws, the engineering member of the firm, will be seen in the cut below, in which it is shown as adapted to a horizontal steam engine ; a, B, c, being parts of the steam-chest, cylinder, and passage from the steam supply pipe ; and I) Dt a brass nut for the screwed stem of the valve, as well as that required for forcing down the gland in the stuffing-box, the threads in both being of the same pitch to prevent jamming when screwing down the packing with the valve seated.
The' mechanic will observe readily the ease with which the nut can be finished, and the certainty of all the parts being in line with each other, as all the work can be done in the lathe. Screw-valves are often fitted with a thread and nut between the valve