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Permeability tensor for discontinuous rock masses
,'50A predlctt~e models of Bardine o r Mualem. Application of the retention model to data from disturbed and undisturbed field soil samples gives an excellent description of the observed data. The predictive hydraulic conducti~it? model of Mualem was found to be applicable to a wider variety of soils than that of Bardine.
863071 Simulating infiltration into frozen Prairie soils in stream flow models Gray, D M; Landine. P G; Granger, R J Can J Earth Sci V22. N3. March 1985. P464-472
Results and discussions presented provide a method to accurately overcome the problem of simulating the process of infiltration into frozen soils. Details outlining the development of a model describing snowmelt infiltration into frozen soils are presented. An empirical relationship for calculating infiltration into frozen soils of "limited' potential is given. The improvement in performance of the US National Weather Service river forecasting system-Sacramento model (NWSRFS) in synthesizing stream flow snowmelt on a small watershed in western Saskatchewan, Canada, gained through the use of the infiltration model, is demonstrated. Different procedures of interfacing an infiltration model with an operational system, the NWSRFS. are presented, discussed and evaluated.
863072 Permeability tensor for discontinuous rock masses Oda, M Georeehnique V35. N4, Dec 1985. P483-495
Cracked rock masses obey Darcy's law for seepage if a linking coefficient,the permeability tensor, is introduced. An analysis is undertaken to determine the permeability tensor in terms of a symmetrical second rate tensor (crack tensor) which depends only on the geometrical properties of the related cracks. Data from an actual rock mass was studied to see whether crack tensor can be determined from in situ measurable quantities. Crack orientation data presented via a stereographic projection, together with the detailed mapping of crack traces visible on rock exposures, are used to provide the crack tensor for a moderately jointed granite.
863073 Estimating aquifer permeability from formation resistiviD" factors Kwader. T Ground Water V23. N6, Nov-Dec 1985. P762-766
In formations containing fresh water, electric current flows along the grain/fluid interface rather than directly through the pore fluid, as in saline aquifers. For a wide range of granular carbonate aquifers in south east USA, the formation resistivity factor has been shown to have a good correlation with permeability. Formations with high saturated resistivity.irrespective of pore water resistivity, also have correspondingly high permeability. Such formations often have large, well sorted, poorly cemented grains which contribute to high surface conductance, which is reflected by measurements on resistivity logs.
863074 Role of ~olcanic tufts in ground-water regime of ~alle Central, Costa Rica Foster. S S D: Ellis...-~ T; LostHa-Pepon. \1: Rodr~guezEstrada. H ', Ground IVater 123. \6..\m-D..'c IC),~'5. P-'¢5-,~'o/ The h}druui~¢ properties ot',,olcamc r,~cks (corn the Valle (.'entral. Costa Rica. ha,.e been measured by laboratory and field testing. This area is t.'.pical ol" much o1 the circum-Pacific '.oltunic belt. \lost of the tuffaceous deposits exhibit very high effecti,,e porosity, moderate h,,draulic conductp.ity and broad pore size distribution. They are seen to pro',ide the major element regulating storage in the overall ground~ater regime. 863075 Angularity of aggregate particles as a measure of their shape and hydraulic resistance. Technical note Gupta. R D lnst fit' Engr Proc ~79, Part 2. Dec /985. P705-716
A shape factor, based on bulk properties, that is the angulari D of naturall3 occurring or crushed aggregates, has been determined and used as a measure of their hydraulic resistance to percolation. Experimental tests were conducted on angular limestones, sub-angular crushed quartzite and rounded gravels, all in a ~ariety of sizes. From angularity number tests, an equation is derived which relates the angularity of the particle to its shape. The values of this shape factor for uniform size particles of different shapes are correlated with their corresponding friction factors at different values of Reynolds number. 863076 Mechanics of porous elastic materials containing multiphas¢ fluid Thigpen. L: Berryman. J G Int J Engng Sci V23. N i l . 1985. PI203-1214
The mechanical response of soils and rocks depends on microstructural properties (size, shape and orientation of grains, pores and cracks) and the mechanical properties of the individual constituents. The solution to problems of explosion containment, waste disposal and gas or oil recovery requires a theory which accounts for the flow of fluids through a porous solid or granular skeleton. A continuum theory of mixtures for a porous elastic solid saturated by immiscible viscous fluids is presented. Equations are developed governing the macroscopic motion, which show that the present theory contains both Blot's equations and multiphase Darcy flow through porous media as special cases. 863077 Physical properties of a set of sandstones - Part I. The samples Caruso. L: Simmons. G: Wilkens. R lnt J Rock Mech g i n Sci V22. N6. Dec' 1985. P381-392
Data is presented for several physical properties of a set of sandstones, that of porosity, density, formation factor, velocities of compressional and shear waves, compressibility, permanent strain and permeability. The petrographic characteristics of the samples, their pores, and their pore-fillings are described. Comparison of porosity determined with an air pycnometer and porosity measured with the SEM indicates that microporosity and the ~olume of solid clay particles are approximately equal,
0 1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
863071 Simulating infiltration into frozen Prairie soils in stream flow models Gray, D M; Landine. P G; Granger, R J Can J Earth Sci V22. N3. March 1985. P464-472
Results and discussions presented provide a method to accurately overcome the problem of simulating the process of infiltration into frozen soils. Details outlining the development of a model describing snowmelt infiltration into frozen soils are presented. An empirical relationship for calculating infiltration into frozen soils of "limited' potential is given. The improvement in performance of the US National Weather Service river forecasting system-Sacramento model (NWSRFS) in synthesizing stream flow snowmelt on a small watershed in western Saskatchewan, Canada, gained through the use of the infiltration model, is demonstrated. Different procedures of interfacing an infiltration model with an operational system, the NWSRFS. are presented, discussed and evaluated.
863072 Permeability tensor for discontinuous rock masses Oda, M Georeehnique V35. N4, Dec 1985. P483-495
Cracked rock masses obey Darcy's law for seepage if a linking coefficient,the permeability tensor, is introduced. An analysis is undertaken to determine the permeability tensor in terms of a symmetrical second rate tensor (crack tensor) which depends only on the geometrical properties of the related cracks. Data from an actual rock mass was studied to see whether crack tensor can be determined from in situ measurable quantities. Crack orientation data presented via a stereographic projection, together with the detailed mapping of crack traces visible on rock exposures, are used to provide the crack tensor for a moderately jointed granite.
863073 Estimating aquifer permeability from formation resistiviD" factors Kwader. T Ground Water V23. N6, Nov-Dec 1985. P762-766
In formations containing fresh water, electric current flows along the grain/fluid interface rather than directly through the pore fluid, as in saline aquifers. For a wide range of granular carbonate aquifers in south east USA, the formation resistivity factor has been shown to have a good correlation with permeability. Formations with high saturated resistivity.irrespective of pore water resistivity, also have correspondingly high permeability. Such formations often have large, well sorted, poorly cemented grains which contribute to high surface conductance, which is reflected by measurements on resistivity logs.
863074 Role of ~olcanic tufts in ground-water regime of ~alle Central, Costa Rica Foster. S S D: Ellis...-~ T; LostHa-Pepon. \1: Rodr~guezEstrada. H ', Ground IVater 123. \6..\m-D..'c IC),~'5. P-'¢5-,~'o/ The h}druui~¢ properties ot',,olcamc r,~cks (corn the Valle (.'entral. Costa Rica. ha,.e been measured by laboratory and field testing. This area is t.'.pical ol" much o1 the circum-Pacific '.oltunic belt. \lost of the tuffaceous deposits exhibit very high effecti,,e porosity, moderate h,,draulic conductp.ity and broad pore size distribution. They are seen to pro',ide the major element regulating storage in the overall ground~ater regime. 863075 Angularity of aggregate particles as a measure of their shape and hydraulic resistance. Technical note Gupta. R D lnst fit' Engr Proc ~79, Part 2. Dec /985. P705-716
A shape factor, based on bulk properties, that is the angulari D of naturall3 occurring or crushed aggregates, has been determined and used as a measure of their hydraulic resistance to percolation. Experimental tests were conducted on angular limestones, sub-angular crushed quartzite and rounded gravels, all in a ~ariety of sizes. From angularity number tests, an equation is derived which relates the angularity of the particle to its shape. The values of this shape factor for uniform size particles of different shapes are correlated with their corresponding friction factors at different values of Reynolds number. 863076 Mechanics of porous elastic materials containing multiphas¢ fluid Thigpen. L: Berryman. J G Int J Engng Sci V23. N i l . 1985. PI203-1214
The mechanical response of soils and rocks depends on microstructural properties (size, shape and orientation of grains, pores and cracks) and the mechanical properties of the individual constituents. The solution to problems of explosion containment, waste disposal and gas or oil recovery requires a theory which accounts for the flow of fluids through a porous solid or granular skeleton. A continuum theory of mixtures for a porous elastic solid saturated by immiscible viscous fluids is presented. Equations are developed governing the macroscopic motion, which show that the present theory contains both Blot's equations and multiphase Darcy flow through porous media as special cases. 863077 Physical properties of a set of sandstones - Part I. The samples Caruso. L: Simmons. G: Wilkens. R lnt J Rock Mech g i n Sci V22. N6. Dec' 1985. P381-392
Data is presented for several physical properties of a set of sandstones, that of porosity, density, formation factor, velocities of compressional and shear waves, compressibility, permanent strain and permeability. The petrographic characteristics of the samples, their pores, and their pore-fillings are described. Comparison of porosity determined with an air pycnometer and porosity measured with the SEM indicates that microporosity and the ~olume of solid clay particles are approximately equal,
0 1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted