Process engineering in the food industries

Process engineering in the food industries

BOOK NOTES HISTORY OF THE BRITISH IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY,by H. R. Schubert. 445 pages, plates, diagrams, 6{ X 9¼ in. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul L...

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BOOK NOTES HISTORY OF THE BRITISH IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY,by H. R. Schubert. 445 pages, plates, diagrams, 6{ X 9¼ in. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1957. Price, 60s. Covering the period 450 B.C. to 1775 A.D., this is the first comprehensive history of the British iron and steel industry up to the introduction of steam power. Part One covers the first appearance of ironworking in the Bronze Age, by the Celtic people. The author cites as examples articles subsequently brought to light centuries later, and pinpoints the locations of these ironworking communities. Also in Part One are treated the iron industry during the Roman occupation of Britain, during the Anglo-Saxon era (up to 1066) and the destruction of the industry during the Norman period, with the subsequent revival in medieval times. Part One brings the history up to about 1500, the final phase of the direct process. Part Two is devoted to the indirect process I i t s introduction, expansion, the development of the blast furnace and the smelting process. The work is a scholarly treatment, well documented and well illustrated. BRIDGES AND THEIR BUILDERS,by David B. Steinman and Sara Ruth Watson. Revised edition, 401 pages, illustrations, 5½ X 8 in. New York, Dover Publications, Inc., 1958. Price, $1.95 (paper). This revised and enlarged edition of a 1941 work includes descriptive material on the new Tacoma Narrows Bridge and the Mackinac Straits Bridge. Dr. Steinman is well qualified to write of bridges, for he is a leading authority on bridge design. In 1957, he was awarded the Institute's Levy Medal for his outstanding paper in this JOURNAL,on the design of the Mackinac Bridge. This work begins with natural bridges and continues through primitive bridges, Roman bridges, the Renaissance, 18th Century

bridges on through iron bridges, steel bridges, masonry bridges and girder bridges. A final chapter on The Bridgebuilder in Contemporary Civilization covers the various roles the bridge builder is called upon to play--metallurgist, mathematician, foun~tation expert, steel erector, artist and as a leader of mankind. PROCESS ENGINEERING IN THE FOOD INDUS-

TRIES, by R. J. Clarke. 355 pages, illustrations, 5½ X 8½ in. New York, Philosophical Library, 1957. Price, 810.00. Aimed at the people who are responsible for the management of installed plant and improvements to that plant, this new book emphasizes the understanding of principles and the practical knowledge of the tools and methods used in the food industries. The text material is classified by unit operations and processes; each of these is attacked from three angles--general principles, description of equipment, and illustrative description of plant used in the food industries. The text is British, so the equipment illustrated and described is all British. A few of the processes and unit operations covered include: liquid flow, heat exchange, liquid filtration, evaporation and distillation, crystallization, adsorption, centrifugal separation, mixing and heat processing methods. THE GENERAL THEORY OF ELECTRICALMACHINES, by Bernard Adkins. 236 pages, diagrams, 5½ X 8½ in. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1957. Price not given. This text gives a general treatment of electrical machine theory, in an attempt to coordinate the varied methods used in the past. First given as a lecture course to graduate students at Imperial College in London and to design engineers at Rugby, the book reflects the author's twenty years of experience as a designer and consulting engineer. The author gives credit to Gabriel Kron (some of whose papers have been published in this JOURNAL) for the basic idea of a generalized electrical machine, and he states that this present book 355