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Special section: Green computing
Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2012) 368–370
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Future Generation Computer Systems journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fgcs
Editorial
Special section: Green computing 1. Introduction Computing technology plays a more and more important role in our daily life. Subsequently the associated high volume of energy consumption has become a major concern both economically and environmentally. Green computing is emerging as an inspiring solution, which is developing computing technologies that can effectively reduce energy consumption which leads to significant CO2 emission reduction. Green computing has become an essential component that needs to be considered by next generation information and communication technology designers. Green computing is to use computers and related resources in environment friendly ways. Such practices include the implementation of energy-efficient central processing units (CPUs), servers and peripherals as well as finding innovative ways of reducing resource consumption and proper disposal of electronic waste. The objective of this special issue is to present a collection of high-quality research papers that report the latest research advances in the area of green computing technologies, which mainly includes the development of truly sustainable (eco-effective) computing technologies and related solutions. There were 79 papers submitted for consideration for publication in this special issue. After two rounds of rigorous peer-review and revision processes, only 11 papers were selected for publication. The acceptance rate is 14%. Unfortunately not all of the excellent papers could be selected for this special issue due to limited space available. The low acceptance rate reflects the very competitive selection process and we believe that the papers included in this special issue represent the outstanding quality of the research outcomes in this field. The papers included in this special issue are categorized into following areas. 2. Green cloud/grid computing Green cloud/grid computing is a new computing paradigm that uses virtualized server infrastructure to provision virtual operation system instances dynamically and can yield greener computing by reducing power consumption. The three papers selected in this group have proposed several emerging models and methods for multidisciplinary design and optimization of green cloud/grid computing. The first paper [1] in this issue, ‘‘Modeldriven Auto-scaling of Green Cloud Computing Infrastructure’’, by Brian Dougherty, Jules White, and Douglas C. Schmidt, presents a model-driven engineering approach to optimizing the configuration, energy consumption, and operating cost of cloud auto-scaling infrastructure to create a greener computing environment that reduces emissions resulting from superfluous idle resources. The paper [2], ‘‘CyberGuarder: A Virtualization 0167-739X/$ – see front matter © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.future.2011.06.011
Security Assurance Architecture for Green Cloud Computing’’, by Jianxin Li, Bo Li, Tianyu Wo, Chunming Hu, Jinpeng Huai, Lu Liu, and KP Lam, analyses the key security challenges faced by contemporary green cloud computing environments, and proposes a virtualisation security assurance architecture, CyberGuarder, which is designed to address several key security problems within the ‘green’ cloud computing context. The third one [3], ‘‘A Survey of Communication/Networking in Smart Grids’’, by Jingcheng Gao, Yang Xiao, Jing Liu, Wei Liang, and C.L. Philip Chen, provides a systematic review of communication/networking technologies in smart grids, including communication/networking architecture, different communication technologies, quality of service (QoS), optimizing utilization of assets, control and management, etc. 3. Green data centres Power consumption of a data center is significant, and growing. Green Data centers are uniquely positioned to provide an alternative solution to save power consumption in computing. The two papers selected in this group propose several emerging schemes for designing green data centres. The paper [4], ‘‘Distributed Computing for Carbon Footprint Reduction by Exploiting Low-Footprint Energy Availability’’, by Ward Van Heddeghem, Willem Vereecken, Didier Colle, Mario Pickavet, and Piet Demeester, evaluates the carbon footprint and potential footprint savings in a distributed data center, and provides a mathematical model for calculating the carbon footprint and savings by a fixed mix of low-footprint and highfootprint energy. The paper [5], ‘‘Balancing Electricity Bill and Performance in Server Farms with Setup Cost’’, by Michele Mazzucco, and Dmytro Dyachuk, considers the problem of maximizing the revenues of service providers running large scale data centres subject to setup cost by reducing their electricity bill, and evaluates the performance of allocation policies which, in the context of both one and two tiered systems, dynamically switch servers on and off according to changes in user demand. 4. Green communications and networks Green communication and networks have become a critical component that all the next-generation communication and network designers have to consider in order to reduce energy costs. The three papers selected into this 3rd group propose several efficient design and optimization schemes for designing green communication and network systems. The paper [6], ‘‘Power-efficient Video Encoding on Resource-Limited Systems: A Game-Theoretic Approach’’, by Wen Ji, Jiangchuan Liu, Min Chen, and Yiqiang Chen, is dedicated to developing a powerscalable video encoding (PSVE) strategy for energy limited mobile
Editorial / Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2012) 368–370
terminals, and establishes game-theoretical analysis to model the power consumption problem as a bargaining problem. The paper [7], ‘‘Link Weight Assignment and Loop Free Routing Table Update for Link State Routing Protocols in Energy-Aware Internet’’, by Steven S. W. Lee, Po-Kai Tseng, and Alice Chen, presents a comprehensive approach to determine a network topology and a link metric for each time period, and proposes a distributed loop-free routing update (DLRU) scheme to determine the correct sequence for updating the routing table. The paper [8], ‘‘Balancing Energy Consumption with Mobile Agents in Wireless Sensor Networks’’, by Kai Lin, Min Chen, Sherali Zeadally, and Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues, leverages mobile agent technology to investigate the problem of how to balance the energy consumption during data collection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and proposes a energy balancing cluster routing based on mobile agent (EBMA) to reduce power consumption in WSNs. 5. Virtual resources management Virtual resources management provides new methods to increase the computing accuracy and decrease power consumption of computing in virtualized systems. The two papers selected into this 4th group propose several emerging methodologies for virtual resources management in computing. The paper [9], ‘‘Energy Accounting for Shared Virtualized Environments under DVFS using PMC-based Power Models’’, by Ramon Bertran, Yolanda Becerra, David Carrera, Vicenc¸ Beltran, Marc Gonz‘alez, Xavier Martorell, Nacho Navarro, Jordi Torres, and Eduard Ayguad’e, proposes a system – which leverages CPU and memory power models based in performance monitoring counters (PMCs) – to perform energy accounting in virtualized systems. The paper [10], ‘‘Towards a Green Cluster through Dynamic Remapping of Virtual Machines’’, by Xiaofei Liao, Hai Jin, and Haikun Liu, presents a runtime virtual machine mapping framework in cluster or data center to save energy, which can make reconfiguration decisions on time with the consideration of low influence on the performance. 6. Green metrics and IT lessons Energy-aware applications are gaining more and more attention, and it is necessary to stress a green metric set, allowing for an easy measuring and monitoring of energy consumed and wasted in computing. The last paper [11], ‘‘Layered Green Performance Indicators’’, by Alexander Kipp, Tao Jiang, Mariagrazia Fugini, and Ioan Salomie, presents a novel approach to characterizing energy consumption in information technology (IT) service centres comprising the whole system view, from the IT infrastructures, to the applications and their design and execution environments. The approach is based on a set of energy-related metrics called green performance indicators (GPIs) which enable monitoring the energy consumption level of the IT service center in terms of computing resource usage, impact on the environment, costs/efforts required to develop and redesign applications and reconfiguring the IT infrastructure. 7. Conclusions The eleven papers included in this special issue touch on five different topics. They reflect the diversity and the richness of green computing research activities. We hope that this special issue can help readers to get a better understanding about the breadth and depth of current research. We also hope that this special issue can boost further related research and technology improvements in the field of green computing.
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The Guest Editors would like to thank all the authors for their contributions. And special thanks go to all reviewers for their great effort, timely responses and constructive comments and suggestions. Thanks also go to Prof. Peter Sloot, the Editor-in-Chief of Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS), and the journal editorial staff who helped us through out the entire process. References [1] Brian Dougherty, Jules White, Douglas C. Schmidt, Model-driven autoscaling of green cloud computing infrastructure, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 371–378. [2] Jianxin Li, Bo Li, Tianyu Wo, Chunming Hu, Jinpeng Huai, Lu Liu, KP Lam, CyberGuarder: a virtualization security assurance architecture for green cloud computing, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 379–390. [3] Jingcheng Gao, Yang Xiao, Jing Liu, Wei Liang, C.L. Philip Chen, A survey of communication/networking in smart grids, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 391–404. [4] Ward Van Heddeghem, Willem Vereecken, Didier Colle, Mario Pickavet, Piet Demeester, Distributed computing for carbon footprint reduction by exploiting low-footprint energy availability, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 405–414. [5] Michele Mazzucco, Dmytro Dyachuk, Balancing electricity bill and performance in server farms with setup cost, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 415–426. [6] Wen Ji, Jiangchuan Liu, Min Chen, Yiqiang Chen, Power-efficient video encoding on resource-limited systems: a game-theoretic approach, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 427–436. [7] Steven S.W. Lee, Po-Kai Tseng, Alice Chen, Link weight assignment and loop free routing table update for link state routing protocols in energy-aware internet, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 437–445. [8] Kai Lin, Min Chen, Sherali Zeadally, Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues, Balancing energy consumption with mobile agents in wireless sensor networks, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 446–456. [9] Ramon Bertran, Yolanda Becerra, David Carrera, Vicenc¸ Beltran, Marc Gonz‘alez, Xavier Martorell, Nacho Navarro, Jordi Torres, Eduard Ayguad’e, Energy accounting for shared virtualized environments under DVFS using PMC-based power models, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 457–468. [10] Xiaofei Liao, Hai Jin, Haikun Liu, Towards a green cluster through dynamic remapping of virtual machines, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 469–477. [11] Alexander Kipp, Tao Jiang, Mariagrazia Fugini, Ioan Salomie, Layered green performance indicators, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 478–489. Rongbo Zhu is currently an Associate Professor in College of Computer Science of South-Central University for Nationalities, China. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electronic and Information Engineering from Wuhan University of Technology, China, in 2000 and 2003, respectively; and his Ph.D. degree in communication and information systems from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, in 2006. He has published over 40 papers in international journals and conferences in the areas of mobile computing, wireless communications and networks. He is the EditorIn-Chief of International Journal of Satellite Communications Policy and Management, Associate Editor of International Journal of Radio Frequency Identification Technology and Applications. Dr. Zhu has served as Guest Editor for Telecommunication Systems, Journal of Computers and Journal of Networks, etc. He is a member of the ACM and IEEE. Zhili Sun (Chair of Communication Networking) has been with the Centre for Communication Systems Research (CCSR), Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey since 1993. He got his BSc in Mathematics from Nanjing University in 1982, and his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Lancaster University, UK, in 1991. He worked as a postdoctoral research fellow with Queen Mary University of London from 1989 to 1993. He has been principle investigator of numerous projects funded by EU, ESA, UK EPSRC and industries, and published over 125 papers in international journals, book chapters and conferences. He has published a book titled ‘‘Satellite networking — principles and protocols’’ by Wiley in 2005, a book as contributing editors of ‘‘IP networking over next generation satellite systems’’ published by Springer in 2008, and a book as contributing editor of the text book ‘‘Satellite Communications Systems’’ the 5th edition by Wiley in December 2009. His research interests include satellite communications, future Internet, traffic engineering, mobile operating systems, QoS and network security. He has served as Expert Reviewer to EU projects and government research programs in UK and Europe, and also served as a member of TCP and chair in international conferences.
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Editorial / Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2012) 368–370
Jiankun Hu is a full professor at the School of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy (UNSW@ADFA), Australia. He received a Bachelor’s degree in industrial automation in 1983 from Hunan University, China, a Ph. D. degree in engineering in 1993 from the Harbin Institute of Technology, China, and a Master’s degree for research in computer science and software engineering from Monash University, Australia, in 2000. He has served and serves on the editorial board for the following journals: Journal of Network and Computer Applications, Elsevier; Journal of Security and Communication Networks, John Wiley; KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems; and Wireless Communication and Mobile Computing, John Wiley. Dr. Hu has served as Guest Editor for Computer Journal, Oxford; Journal of Security and Communication Networks, John Wiley; Telecommunication Systems, etc. He served as the Program Chair for the 4th International Conference on Network and System Security, Melbourne, Australia, September 1–3, 2010; Symposium Chair for the Computer and Communications Network Security Symposium, IEEE Globecom Conference 2008; and Symposium Chair for Communication and Information Systems Symposium, IEEE ICC Conference, 2009. Prof. Hu has a research interest in cyber security including access control, intrusion detection and key management. His work on biometric security has been published at the prestigious IEEE Transactions on Pattern analysis and Machine Intelligence. The proposed fingerprint analysis model FOMFE model has been selected as a benchmark algorithm for FVCon Going (https://biolab.csr.unibo.it/fvcongoing/UI/Form/Home.aspx). Prof. Hu has been awarded 6 ARC (Australia Research Council) research grants. More research details could be found at http://seit.unsw.adfa.edu.au/staff/sites/hu/.
Rongbo Zhu ∗ College of Computer Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, China E-mail address: [email protected]. Zhili Sun Centre for Communication Systems Research, University of Surrey, UK E-mail address: [email protected]. Jiankun Hu School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy (UNSW@ADFA), Canberra, Australia E-mail address: [email protected]. 10 June 2011 Available online 20 July 2011 ∗ Corresponding editor.
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Future Generation Computer Systems journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fgcs
Editorial
Special section: Green computing 1. Introduction Computing technology plays a more and more important role in our daily life. Subsequently the associated high volume of energy consumption has become a major concern both economically and environmentally. Green computing is emerging as an inspiring solution, which is developing computing technologies that can effectively reduce energy consumption which leads to significant CO2 emission reduction. Green computing has become an essential component that needs to be considered by next generation information and communication technology designers. Green computing is to use computers and related resources in environment friendly ways. Such practices include the implementation of energy-efficient central processing units (CPUs), servers and peripherals as well as finding innovative ways of reducing resource consumption and proper disposal of electronic waste. The objective of this special issue is to present a collection of high-quality research papers that report the latest research advances in the area of green computing technologies, which mainly includes the development of truly sustainable (eco-effective) computing technologies and related solutions. There were 79 papers submitted for consideration for publication in this special issue. After two rounds of rigorous peer-review and revision processes, only 11 papers were selected for publication. The acceptance rate is 14%. Unfortunately not all of the excellent papers could be selected for this special issue due to limited space available. The low acceptance rate reflects the very competitive selection process and we believe that the papers included in this special issue represent the outstanding quality of the research outcomes in this field. The papers included in this special issue are categorized into following areas. 2. Green cloud/grid computing Green cloud/grid computing is a new computing paradigm that uses virtualized server infrastructure to provision virtual operation system instances dynamically and can yield greener computing by reducing power consumption. The three papers selected in this group have proposed several emerging models and methods for multidisciplinary design and optimization of green cloud/grid computing. The first paper [1] in this issue, ‘‘Modeldriven Auto-scaling of Green Cloud Computing Infrastructure’’, by Brian Dougherty, Jules White, and Douglas C. Schmidt, presents a model-driven engineering approach to optimizing the configuration, energy consumption, and operating cost of cloud auto-scaling infrastructure to create a greener computing environment that reduces emissions resulting from superfluous idle resources. The paper [2], ‘‘CyberGuarder: A Virtualization 0167-739X/$ – see front matter © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.future.2011.06.011
Security Assurance Architecture for Green Cloud Computing’’, by Jianxin Li, Bo Li, Tianyu Wo, Chunming Hu, Jinpeng Huai, Lu Liu, and KP Lam, analyses the key security challenges faced by contemporary green cloud computing environments, and proposes a virtualisation security assurance architecture, CyberGuarder, which is designed to address several key security problems within the ‘green’ cloud computing context. The third one [3], ‘‘A Survey of Communication/Networking in Smart Grids’’, by Jingcheng Gao, Yang Xiao, Jing Liu, Wei Liang, and C.L. Philip Chen, provides a systematic review of communication/networking technologies in smart grids, including communication/networking architecture, different communication technologies, quality of service (QoS), optimizing utilization of assets, control and management, etc. 3. Green data centres Power consumption of a data center is significant, and growing. Green Data centers are uniquely positioned to provide an alternative solution to save power consumption in computing. The two papers selected in this group propose several emerging schemes for designing green data centres. The paper [4], ‘‘Distributed Computing for Carbon Footprint Reduction by Exploiting Low-Footprint Energy Availability’’, by Ward Van Heddeghem, Willem Vereecken, Didier Colle, Mario Pickavet, and Piet Demeester, evaluates the carbon footprint and potential footprint savings in a distributed data center, and provides a mathematical model for calculating the carbon footprint and savings by a fixed mix of low-footprint and highfootprint energy. The paper [5], ‘‘Balancing Electricity Bill and Performance in Server Farms with Setup Cost’’, by Michele Mazzucco, and Dmytro Dyachuk, considers the problem of maximizing the revenues of service providers running large scale data centres subject to setup cost by reducing their electricity bill, and evaluates the performance of allocation policies which, in the context of both one and two tiered systems, dynamically switch servers on and off according to changes in user demand. 4. Green communications and networks Green communication and networks have become a critical component that all the next-generation communication and network designers have to consider in order to reduce energy costs. The three papers selected into this 3rd group propose several efficient design and optimization schemes for designing green communication and network systems. The paper [6], ‘‘Power-efficient Video Encoding on Resource-Limited Systems: A Game-Theoretic Approach’’, by Wen Ji, Jiangchuan Liu, Min Chen, and Yiqiang Chen, is dedicated to developing a powerscalable video encoding (PSVE) strategy for energy limited mobile
Editorial / Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2012) 368–370
terminals, and establishes game-theoretical analysis to model the power consumption problem as a bargaining problem. The paper [7], ‘‘Link Weight Assignment and Loop Free Routing Table Update for Link State Routing Protocols in Energy-Aware Internet’’, by Steven S. W. Lee, Po-Kai Tseng, and Alice Chen, presents a comprehensive approach to determine a network topology and a link metric for each time period, and proposes a distributed loop-free routing update (DLRU) scheme to determine the correct sequence for updating the routing table. The paper [8], ‘‘Balancing Energy Consumption with Mobile Agents in Wireless Sensor Networks’’, by Kai Lin, Min Chen, Sherali Zeadally, and Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues, leverages mobile agent technology to investigate the problem of how to balance the energy consumption during data collection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and proposes a energy balancing cluster routing based on mobile agent (EBMA) to reduce power consumption in WSNs. 5. Virtual resources management Virtual resources management provides new methods to increase the computing accuracy and decrease power consumption of computing in virtualized systems. The two papers selected into this 4th group propose several emerging methodologies for virtual resources management in computing. The paper [9], ‘‘Energy Accounting for Shared Virtualized Environments under DVFS using PMC-based Power Models’’, by Ramon Bertran, Yolanda Becerra, David Carrera, Vicenc¸ Beltran, Marc Gonz‘alez, Xavier Martorell, Nacho Navarro, Jordi Torres, and Eduard Ayguad’e, proposes a system – which leverages CPU and memory power models based in performance monitoring counters (PMCs) – to perform energy accounting in virtualized systems. The paper [10], ‘‘Towards a Green Cluster through Dynamic Remapping of Virtual Machines’’, by Xiaofei Liao, Hai Jin, and Haikun Liu, presents a runtime virtual machine mapping framework in cluster or data center to save energy, which can make reconfiguration decisions on time with the consideration of low influence on the performance. 6. Green metrics and IT lessons Energy-aware applications are gaining more and more attention, and it is necessary to stress a green metric set, allowing for an easy measuring and monitoring of energy consumed and wasted in computing. The last paper [11], ‘‘Layered Green Performance Indicators’’, by Alexander Kipp, Tao Jiang, Mariagrazia Fugini, and Ioan Salomie, presents a novel approach to characterizing energy consumption in information technology (IT) service centres comprising the whole system view, from the IT infrastructures, to the applications and their design and execution environments. The approach is based on a set of energy-related metrics called green performance indicators (GPIs) which enable monitoring the energy consumption level of the IT service center in terms of computing resource usage, impact on the environment, costs/efforts required to develop and redesign applications and reconfiguring the IT infrastructure. 7. Conclusions The eleven papers included in this special issue touch on five different topics. They reflect the diversity and the richness of green computing research activities. We hope that this special issue can help readers to get a better understanding about the breadth and depth of current research. We also hope that this special issue can boost further related research and technology improvements in the field of green computing.
369
The Guest Editors would like to thank all the authors for their contributions. And special thanks go to all reviewers for their great effort, timely responses and constructive comments and suggestions. Thanks also go to Prof. Peter Sloot, the Editor-in-Chief of Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS), and the journal editorial staff who helped us through out the entire process. References [1] Brian Dougherty, Jules White, Douglas C. Schmidt, Model-driven autoscaling of green cloud computing infrastructure, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 371–378. [2] Jianxin Li, Bo Li, Tianyu Wo, Chunming Hu, Jinpeng Huai, Lu Liu, KP Lam, CyberGuarder: a virtualization security assurance architecture for green cloud computing, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 379–390. [3] Jingcheng Gao, Yang Xiao, Jing Liu, Wei Liang, C.L. Philip Chen, A survey of communication/networking in smart grids, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 391–404. [4] Ward Van Heddeghem, Willem Vereecken, Didier Colle, Mario Pickavet, Piet Demeester, Distributed computing for carbon footprint reduction by exploiting low-footprint energy availability, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 405–414. [5] Michele Mazzucco, Dmytro Dyachuk, Balancing electricity bill and performance in server farms with setup cost, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 415–426. [6] Wen Ji, Jiangchuan Liu, Min Chen, Yiqiang Chen, Power-efficient video encoding on resource-limited systems: a game-theoretic approach, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 427–436. [7] Steven S.W. Lee, Po-Kai Tseng, Alice Chen, Link weight assignment and loop free routing table update for link state routing protocols in energy-aware internet, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 437–445. [8] Kai Lin, Min Chen, Sherali Zeadally, Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues, Balancing energy consumption with mobile agents in wireless sensor networks, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 446–456. [9] Ramon Bertran, Yolanda Becerra, David Carrera, Vicenc¸ Beltran, Marc Gonz‘alez, Xavier Martorell, Nacho Navarro, Jordi Torres, Eduard Ayguad’e, Energy accounting for shared virtualized environments under DVFS using PMC-based power models, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 457–468. [10] Xiaofei Liao, Hai Jin, Haikun Liu, Towards a green cluster through dynamic remapping of virtual machines, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 469–477. [11] Alexander Kipp, Tao Jiang, Mariagrazia Fugini, Ioan Salomie, Layered green performance indicators, Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2) (2011) 478–489. Rongbo Zhu is currently an Associate Professor in College of Computer Science of South-Central University for Nationalities, China. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electronic and Information Engineering from Wuhan University of Technology, China, in 2000 and 2003, respectively; and his Ph.D. degree in communication and information systems from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, in 2006. He has published over 40 papers in international journals and conferences in the areas of mobile computing, wireless communications and networks. He is the EditorIn-Chief of International Journal of Satellite Communications Policy and Management, Associate Editor of International Journal of Radio Frequency Identification Technology and Applications. Dr. Zhu has served as Guest Editor for Telecommunication Systems, Journal of Computers and Journal of Networks, etc. He is a member of the ACM and IEEE. Zhili Sun (Chair of Communication Networking) has been with the Centre for Communication Systems Research (CCSR), Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey since 1993. He got his BSc in Mathematics from Nanjing University in 1982, and his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Lancaster University, UK, in 1991. He worked as a postdoctoral research fellow with Queen Mary University of London from 1989 to 1993. He has been principle investigator of numerous projects funded by EU, ESA, UK EPSRC and industries, and published over 125 papers in international journals, book chapters and conferences. He has published a book titled ‘‘Satellite networking — principles and protocols’’ by Wiley in 2005, a book as contributing editors of ‘‘IP networking over next generation satellite systems’’ published by Springer in 2008, and a book as contributing editor of the text book ‘‘Satellite Communications Systems’’ the 5th edition by Wiley in December 2009. His research interests include satellite communications, future Internet, traffic engineering, mobile operating systems, QoS and network security. He has served as Expert Reviewer to EU projects and government research programs in UK and Europe, and also served as a member of TCP and chair in international conferences.
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Editorial / Future Generation Computer Systems 28 (2012) 368–370
Jiankun Hu is a full professor at the School of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy (UNSW@ADFA), Australia. He received a Bachelor’s degree in industrial automation in 1983 from Hunan University, China, a Ph. D. degree in engineering in 1993 from the Harbin Institute of Technology, China, and a Master’s degree for research in computer science and software engineering from Monash University, Australia, in 2000. He has served and serves on the editorial board for the following journals: Journal of Network and Computer Applications, Elsevier; Journal of Security and Communication Networks, John Wiley; KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems; and Wireless Communication and Mobile Computing, John Wiley. Dr. Hu has served as Guest Editor for Computer Journal, Oxford; Journal of Security and Communication Networks, John Wiley; Telecommunication Systems, etc. He served as the Program Chair for the 4th International Conference on Network and System Security, Melbourne, Australia, September 1–3, 2010; Symposium Chair for the Computer and Communications Network Security Symposium, IEEE Globecom Conference 2008; and Symposium Chair for Communication and Information Systems Symposium, IEEE ICC Conference, 2009. Prof. Hu has a research interest in cyber security including access control, intrusion detection and key management. His work on biometric security has been published at the prestigious IEEE Transactions on Pattern analysis and Machine Intelligence. The proposed fingerprint analysis model FOMFE model has been selected as a benchmark algorithm for FVCon Going (https://biolab.csr.unibo.it/fvcongoing/UI/Form/Home.aspx). Prof. Hu has been awarded 6 ARC (Australia Research Council) research grants. More research details could be found at http://seit.unsw.adfa.edu.au/staff/sites/hu/.
Rongbo Zhu ∗ College of Computer Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, China E-mail address: [email protected]. Zhili Sun Centre for Communication Systems Research, University of Surrey, UK E-mail address: [email protected]. Jiankun Hu School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy (UNSW@ADFA), Canberra, Australia E-mail address: [email protected]. 10 June 2011 Available online 20 July 2011 ∗ Corresponding editor.