William Harvey described by an eyewitness (John Aubrey)

William Harvey described by an eyewitness (John Aubrey)

Historical Milestones William Harvey Described by an Eyewitness (John Aubrey) SAUL JARNO, M.D. New York, New York W E ARE accustomed personag...

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Historical

Milestones

William Harvey Described by an Eyewitness (John Aubrey) SAUL

JARNO,

M.D.

New York, New York

W

E ARE

accustomed

personages

to think

figures-perfect,

virtuous,

void

human

of credible

imagine immobile

who could patient’s

and

generally

characteristics.

of Medicine),

never

have

relatives

to imagine

of marble,

been

As that

except

she was not though

great

for

but

which

We

Mr. Dick’s volume was published 1950

the

Romans,

an Egyptian,

and al-

on the history

art,

gossip and a “scatterbrain” presence

founder

of

their

here, was an antiquarian,

contents

of persistence

for

to use the following excerpts.

be happy

to find in it vivid

descriptions Richard John

of such

Boyle,

Milton,

men

Sir Edward William

biographies

as

Francis

Coke,

Ben

Shakespeare,

and

Bacon, Jonson,

and many

EXCERPTS FROM JOHN AUBREY’S LIFE OF WILLIAM HARVEY WILLIAM HARVEY, Chirurgery,

Inventor

Dr.

of

Physique

and

of the Circulation

of the

Bloud, was borne at the house which is now the of the description

scatterbrain. The indicates clearly

of cranial

the dearth

Press,

rights,

of readers of THE this

which is excerpted

of Michigan

publication

in

I am

to deify

famous

William Harvey (1578-1657). John Aubrey, the author

in London

others. tendency

good fortune is the

of

The reader who consults Mr. Dick’s book will

we made

notices,

of publication.

and Warburg.

to the University

gracious permission

by a

AMERICAN JOURNP,L of CARDIOLOGY that person

Seeker

of the American

with his foibles as ‘well as his virtues.

It is the further

134 worthy

by Messrs.

indebted

the great, we are startled and delighted to come upon a lifelike description of a famous person, depicted

he deemed

patience succeeded

biographical

de-

exasperated

notoriously

of Rome. In view of our inveterate

426

holder

they were mostly

a Roman

disinterring

an ideal physician

of course for Cleopatra,

she intruded

Lawson Dick with exemplary in

Hippocrates as a bearded, benign, immortal (like the bust in the New

York Academy

tend

of the

of the past as noble statuesque

Post-house, a

designation enough the

but also describes

which

made

it diffi-

a faire stone-built-house,

gave to Caius college in Cambridge, lands

there.

given

any money

His

‘twas his father’s,

brother

Eliab

or exchange

which

he

with some would

have

for it, because

and they all borne there;

but

the Doctor (truly) thought his memory would better be preserved this way, for his brother

cult for Aubrey, despite great ability, to complete any extensive or systematic piece of writ-

has left noble

ing. His restless curiosity constantly sought him to seek information and to jot down brief

per annum, at least. William Harvey,

notes, while the scope of his interests

history.

plative, and the first that I heare of that was curious in Anatomie in England. I remember

From the morass of Aubrey’s heavily interlined and almost illegible manuscripts, Mr. Oliver

I have heard him say he wrote a booke De Insectis, which he had been many yeares about,

human

SEPTEMBER,

nature,

1958

antiquities,

and natural

included

381

seates,

and about was always

3000 very

pounds contem-

382

William

and had made

dissections

and a number

of Frogges,

of other Animals,

curious Observations

Toades,

and had made

on them, which papers, to-

gether with his goods, in his Lodgings hall,

were plundered

at White-

at the beginning

of the

Rebellion,

he being for the King, and with him

at Oxon;

but

he often

‘losses he sustained, to him

sayd,

That

of all the

no griefe was so crucifying

as the losse of these papers,

which

for

love or money he could never retrive or obtaine. When

Charles

I by reason of the Tumults

left

Harvey After

Oxford

was

London, house,

who now

house, where

plate on the Leads He did delight

He told me that he withdrew

with

a booke

and read ; but he had not read very

house heretofore

at Combe,

right

in which

well.

hours

in

his

hill fight,

but was then

too young

quainted

with so great a Doctor.

he came

several1

George Bathurst,

times B.D.,

Egges in his chamber,

to be ac-

I remember

to Trinity

College

to

who had a Hen to hatch which they dayly opened

to discerne

the progres and way of Generation.

I had not

the honour

him till 1651,

to be acquainted

being my she cosen

physitian

and friend.

for Italy

(but to my great

my mother’s municative,

Montague’s

I was at that time bound griefe disswaded

importunity).

by

He was very com-

and willing to instruct any that were

modest and respectful1 to him. my Journey,

with

And in order to

gave me, i.e. dictated

to me, what

person,

From

or other,

stoppers

the meanest the learnedst

Pride has been one

of the Advancement

of

Baboon.

He had been physitian lour Bacon,

whom

to the Lord Chancel-

he esteemed

much

for his

witt and style, but would not allow him to be a great

Philosopher.

Said

derision;

he to me,

He would say that we Europeans

wisely.

in

I have cured him. . . . knew not

how to order or governe our Woemen, Turks

He writes

Chancellor, speaking

Philoso$hy like a Lord

my Studies:

shitt-breeches.

way,

He was wont to say that man was but a great, mischievous

read, how to manage

Neoteriques

in some

Learning. He was far from Bigotry.

the

head, and read and did call the

as other formal1 Doctors are, he had

of the greatest

to keepe, what Bookes to

bid me go to the Fountain Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna,

apartment

had he been stiffe, starcht,

man may learn something.

to see, what company

in short, he

knew him

meditating

known no more than they. 1642, after Edge-

Why,

he de-

me sitt by him 2 or 3

his station.

and retired,

a good

time

Dr. Harvey-I

He made

together

and told He had a

in Surrey,

in Summer

discoursing.

I first sawe him at Oxford,

and had his

where he had Caves made in

long before a Bullet of a great Gun grazed on the ground neare him, which made him remove

. . .

a noble

to be in the darke,

lighted to meditate. Ah! my old Friend

to his care.

Cockaine-

was wont to contem-

of the house,

the Prince

them under a hedge, and tooke out of his pockett

1654,

Excise-office,

me he could then best contemplate.

the Earth,

was

in regard of the sun, or wind.

aire and prospect,

were committed

about

the

the Doctor

several1 stations,

which

to London, and lived a rich Merchant in

bought,

(1680)

London, he attended him, and was at the fight of Edge-hill with him; and during the fight, and Duke of Yorke

surrendred,

24, July, 1646, he came with his brother Eliab

were

the

only

people

and that

used

them

I remember he kept a pretty young wench to wayte on him, which I guesse he made use of for warmeth-sake

as King David

did, and tooke

He wrote a very bad hand, which (with use) I could pretty well read. He understood Greek

care of her in his Will, as also of his man servant. He was very Cholerique; and in his young

and and

days wore a dagger (as the fashion then was) but this Dr. would be to apt to draw-out his

Latin pretty well, but was no Critique, he wrote very bad Latin. The Circuitis

Sunguinis [Circulation of the Blood] was, as I take it, donne into Latin by Sir George Ent . . . . His Majestie King Charles I Wardenship of Merton Colledge a reward for his service, but the him not to recieve or injoy any

gave him the in Oxford, as Times suffered benefitt by it.

dagger upon every slight occasion. I have heard him say, that after his Booke of the Circulation of the Blood came-out, that he fell mightily in his Practize, and that ‘twas beleeved by the vulgar that he was crackbrained; all the Physitians were against his Opinion, THE

AMRRICAN

JOIJRNAL

and and

OF CARDIOI.OGY

.Jarcho

envy ed him ; many wrote against

him.

With

383 Foote-cloathes

to Westminster-hall,

at the death

the world;

revived, but several1 of the judges being old and ill horsemen would not agree to it.)

and,

as Mr.

Hobbes

sayes in his

book De Corpora, he is the only man, perhaps, ever lived to see his owne Doctrine established

that in his

He was Physitian, High

Howard whom

he

Voyage, the

and a great Favorite

Marshall

Earle

of

England,

of Arundel

travelled

Ambassade into

Anthony

as

and

his

to the Emperor

of the

Thomas

Surrey,

Physitian

several

with in

at Vienna.

his

In his

he would still be making of excursions makeing Observations of Woods,

strange Trees,

and plants, earths, etc., naturalis,

Lord

but I never heard

his Therapeutique

practisers

Chief

would have

would allow him to be an

Anatomist,

that admired

Hyde,

Earl of Shafton,

All his Profession excellent

life-time. Lord

Justice.

of Sir Robert

which ended

much adoe at last, in about 20 or 30 yeares time, it was recieved in all the Universities in

in London

way. that

of any I knew

would

not

have given 3d. for one of his Bills [prescriptions]; and that a man could hardly tell by one of his Bills what he did aime at. (He did not care for Chymistrey,

and

was wont

to speake

against

them with an undervalue.) He had, towards his latter end, a preparation

and sometimes like to be lost, so that my Lord Ambassador would be really angry with him,

of Opium

for there was not only danger

but

putt him out of his Paine, and which Sir Charles

the

leeve to be true;

of Thieves,

also of wild beasts.

and I know not what, which he kept

in his study to take, if occasion Scarborough

He was much

and

often

troubled

Gowte, and his way of Cure was thus;

with

he would

then sitt with his Legges bare, if it were a Frost, on the leads of Cockaine-house, a payle of water, cold, and betake

and his thoughts

work-

to give him;

this I be-

but doe not at all beleeve that

he really did give it him. Not but that,

putt them into

till he was almost dead with himself to his Stove, and so

‘twas gone. He was hott-headed,

promised

should serve, to

Paines,

he had

donne

it;

had he laboured been

readie

under

enough

great

to have

I doe not deny that it was not ac-

cording to his Principles

upon certain

occasions.

But the manner of his dyeing was really, and bon; jide, thus, viz. the morning of his death

ing would many times keepe him from sleepinge;

about

he told me that then his way was to rise out of

he had the dead palsey in his Tongue;

his Bed and walke

sawe what was to become of him, he knew there

about

his Chamber

in his

10 a clock, he went to speake, and found

Shirt till he was. pretty coole, i.e. till he began to

was then no hopes of his recovery,

have

sends for his brother

a horror,

and then

returne

to bed,

and

and young

then he

so presently nephewes

to

sleepe very comfortably. He was not tall; but of the lowest stature,

come-up to him, to whom he gives one his Watch (‘twas a minute watch with which he

round

Eie,

made

his

experiments),

full of spirit; his haire was but quite white 20 yeares

thing,

etc.,

as remembrances

faced,

olivaster

round, very black, black as a Raven,

complexion;

little

blood

before he dyed. I remember he was wont which he and his brother Coffee-houses later end; friend,

e.g.

to drinke Coffee; Eliab did, before

were in fashion in London.

His practice

signe to Sambroke,

was not very great

his

he ‘declined it, unlesse to a special1 my

Lady

Howland,

who

had

a

another

another

of him;

made

his Apothecary,

in the tongue,

which

did

good ; and so ended his dayes.

a

to lett him little

or

no

The Palsey did

give him an easy Passe-port. For

towards

to

20 yeares

before

he dyed

he tooke

no

manner of care about his worldly concernes, but his brother Eliab, who was a very wise and prudent

menager,

ordered

all not only

faith-

cancer in her Elreast, which he did cutt-off and seared, but at l.ast she dyed of it. He rode on

fully, but better then he could have donne himselfe. He dyed worth 20,000 pounds, which he

horseback with a Footcloath to visitt his Patients, his man follow:ing on foote, as the fashion then

left to his brother his old friend Mr.

was, which continued.

as a token of his Love. He lies buried in a Vault

SEPTEMBER,

was very decent, now quite dis(The Judges rode also with their 1958

Eliab. Thomas

In his Will he left Hobbes 10 pounds at Hempsted

in

William

384 Essex, which his brother

Eliab Harvey

built;

he

is lapt in lead, and on his brest in great letters DR.

WII.I.IAM

I was at his Funerall,

the world

and helpt to carry him into

periment.

knows-also

forthright in the exHis interest in natural to dissection

but-as

took expression

1-1~ was scurrilously

a11

in ex-

contemptuous

of recent writers and preferred Aristotle, Cicero, Like many physicians who are and Avicenna. deeply

COMMENT Aubrey’s

choleric and somewhat pression of his opinions. history was not limited

HARVEY.

the Vault.

portrait

Harvey

brief life of Harvey

rather

small details

than

which

the author

add up to make a singularly but also contain

is obviously

a biography.

The

noted

a

many

not only

lifelike description

much that is of interest

to the

involved

in research,

ferent practitioner peutics. After

Harvey’s

was published His

work

gradually

met

discovery widespread

subsided.

fond of informal

to follow in his footsteps

from

bigotry

but

was evidently

Such was William

circulation

in his Practize.”

opposition,

Recognition

his lifetime.

He was free

of the

“he fell mightly

clinical investigator and the medical historian. Htarvey is described as contemplative but discussion and willing to teach.

he was an indif-

and did not excel in thera-

Harvey.

came Those

which during

who seek

would do well to con-

sider the path.

THE

AMERICAN

JOURNAL

OF

CARDIOLOGY