Historical
Milestones
William Harvey Described by an Eyewitness (John Aubrey) SAUL
JARNO,
M.D.
New York, New York
W
E ARE
accustomed
personages
to think
figures-perfect,
virtuous,
void
human
of credible
imagine immobile
who could patient’s
and
generally
characteristics.
of Medicine),
never
have
relatives
to imagine
of marble,
been
As that
except
she was not though
great
for
but
which
We
Mr. Dick’s volume was published 1950
the
Romans,
an Egyptian,
and al-
on the history
art,
gossip and a “scatterbrain” presence
founder
of
their
here, was an antiquarian,
contents
of persistence
for
to use the following excerpts.
be happy
to find in it vivid
descriptions Richard John
of such
Boyle,
Milton,
men
Sir Edward William
biographies
as
Francis
Coke,
Ben
Shakespeare,
and
Bacon, Jonson,
and many
EXCERPTS FROM JOHN AUBREY’S LIFE OF WILLIAM HARVEY WILLIAM HARVEY, Chirurgery,
Inventor
Dr.
of
Physique
and
of the Circulation
of the
Bloud, was borne at the house which is now the of the description
scatterbrain. The indicates clearly
of cranial
the dearth
Press,
rights,
of readers of THE this
which is excerpted
of Michigan
publication
in
I am
to deify
famous
William Harvey (1578-1657). John Aubrey, the author
in London
others. tendency
good fortune is the
of
The reader who consults Mr. Dick’s book will
we made
notices,
of publication.
and Warburg.
to the University
gracious permission
by a
AMERICAN JOURNP,L of CARDIOLOGY that person
Seeker
of the American
with his foibles as ‘well as his virtues.
It is the further
134 worthy
by Messrs.
indebted
the great, we are startled and delighted to come upon a lifelike description of a famous person, depicted
he deemed
patience succeeded
biographical
de-
exasperated
notoriously
of Rome. In view of our inveterate
426
holder
they were mostly
a Roman
disinterring
an ideal physician
of course for Cleopatra,
she intruded
Lawson Dick with exemplary in
Hippocrates as a bearded, benign, immortal (like the bust in the New
York Academy
tend
of the
of the past as noble statuesque
Post-house, a
designation enough the
but also describes
which
made
it diffi-
a faire stone-built-house,
gave to Caius college in Cambridge, lands
there.
given
any money
His
‘twas his father’s,
brother
Eliab
or exchange
which
he
with some would
have
for it, because
and they all borne there;
but
the Doctor (truly) thought his memory would better be preserved this way, for his brother
cult for Aubrey, despite great ability, to complete any extensive or systematic piece of writ-
has left noble
ing. His restless curiosity constantly sought him to seek information and to jot down brief
per annum, at least. William Harvey,
notes, while the scope of his interests
history.
plative, and the first that I heare of that was curious in Anatomie in England. I remember
From the morass of Aubrey’s heavily interlined and almost illegible manuscripts, Mr. Oliver
I have heard him say he wrote a booke De Insectis, which he had been many yeares about,
human
SEPTEMBER,
nature,
1958
antiquities,
and natural
included
381
seates,
and about was always
3000 very
pounds contem-
382
William
and had made
dissections
and a number
of Frogges,
of other Animals,
curious Observations
Toades,
and had made
on them, which papers, to-
gether with his goods, in his Lodgings hall,
were plundered
at White-
at the beginning
of the
Rebellion,
he being for the King, and with him
at Oxon;
but
he often
‘losses he sustained, to him
sayd,
That
of all the
no griefe was so crucifying
as the losse of these papers,
which
for
love or money he could never retrive or obtaine. When
Charles
I by reason of the Tumults
left
Harvey After
Oxford
was
London, house,
who now
house, where
plate on the Leads He did delight
He told me that he withdrew
with
a booke
and read ; but he had not read very
house heretofore
at Combe,
right
in which
well.
hours
in
his
hill fight,
but was then
too young
quainted
with so great a Doctor.
he came
several1
George Bathurst,
times B.D.,
Egges in his chamber,
to be ac-
I remember
to Trinity
College
to
who had a Hen to hatch which they dayly opened
to discerne
the progres and way of Generation.
I had not
the honour
him till 1651,
to be acquainted
being my she cosen
physitian
and friend.
for Italy
(but to my great
my mother’s municative,
Montague’s
I was at that time bound griefe disswaded
importunity).
by
He was very com-
and willing to instruct any that were
modest and respectful1 to him. my Journey,
with
And in order to
gave me, i.e. dictated
to me, what
person,
From
or other,
stoppers
the meanest the learnedst
Pride has been one
of the Advancement
of
Baboon.
He had been physitian lour Bacon,
whom
to the Lord Chancel-
he esteemed
much
for his
witt and style, but would not allow him to be a great
Philosopher.
Said
derision;
he to me,
He would say that we Europeans
wisely.
in
I have cured him. . . . knew not
how to order or governe our Woemen, Turks
He writes
Chancellor, speaking
Philoso$hy like a Lord
my Studies:
shitt-breeches.
way,
He was wont to say that man was but a great, mischievous
read, how to manage
Neoteriques
in some
Learning. He was far from Bigotry.
the
head, and read and did call the
as other formal1 Doctors are, he had
of the greatest
to keepe, what Bookes to
bid me go to the Fountain Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna,
apartment
had he been stiffe, starcht,
man may learn something.
to see, what company
in short, he
knew him
meditating
known no more than they. 1642, after Edge-
Why,
he de-
me sitt by him 2 or 3
his station.
and retired,
a good
time
Dr. Harvey-I
He made
together
and told He had a
in Surrey,
in Summer
discoursing.
I first sawe him at Oxford,
and had his
where he had Caves made in
long before a Bullet of a great Gun grazed on the ground neare him, which made him remove
. . .
a noble
to be in the darke,
lighted to meditate. Ah! my old Friend
to his care.
Cockaine-
was wont to contem-
of the house,
the Prince
them under a hedge, and tooke out of his pockett
1654,
Excise-office,
me he could then best contemplate.
the Earth,
was
in regard of the sun, or wind.
aire and prospect,
were committed
about
the
the Doctor
several1 stations,
which
to London, and lived a rich Merchant in
bought,
(1680)
London, he attended him, and was at the fight of Edge-hill with him; and during the fight, and Duke of Yorke
surrendred,
24, July, 1646, he came with his brother Eliab
were
the
only
people
and that
used
them
I remember he kept a pretty young wench to wayte on him, which I guesse he made use of for warmeth-sake
as King David
did, and tooke
He wrote a very bad hand, which (with use) I could pretty well read. He understood Greek
care of her in his Will, as also of his man servant. He was very Cholerique; and in his young
and and
days wore a dagger (as the fashion then was) but this Dr. would be to apt to draw-out his
Latin pretty well, but was no Critique, he wrote very bad Latin. The Circuitis
Sunguinis [Circulation of the Blood] was, as I take it, donne into Latin by Sir George Ent . . . . His Majestie King Charles I Wardenship of Merton Colledge a reward for his service, but the him not to recieve or injoy any
gave him the in Oxford, as Times suffered benefitt by it.
dagger upon every slight occasion. I have heard him say, that after his Booke of the Circulation of the Blood came-out, that he fell mightily in his Practize, and that ‘twas beleeved by the vulgar that he was crackbrained; all the Physitians were against his Opinion, THE
AMRRICAN
JOIJRNAL
and and
OF CARDIOI.OGY
.Jarcho
envy ed him ; many wrote against
him.
With
383 Foote-cloathes
to Westminster-hall,
at the death
the world;
revived, but several1 of the judges being old and ill horsemen would not agree to it.)
and,
as Mr.
Hobbes
sayes in his
book De Corpora, he is the only man, perhaps, ever lived to see his owne Doctrine established
that in his
He was Physitian, High
Howard whom
he
Voyage, the
and a great Favorite
Marshall
Earle
of
England,
of Arundel
travelled
Ambassade into
Anthony
as
and
his
to the Emperor
of the
Thomas
Surrey,
Physitian
several
with in
at Vienna.
his
In his
he would still be making of excursions makeing Observations of Woods,
strange Trees,
and plants, earths, etc., naturalis,
Lord
but I never heard
his Therapeutique
practisers
Chief
would have
would allow him to be an
Anatomist,
that admired
Hyde,
Earl of Shafton,
All his Profession excellent
life-time. Lord
Justice.
of Sir Robert
which ended
much adoe at last, in about 20 or 30 yeares time, it was recieved in all the Universities in
in London
way. that
of any I knew
would
not
have given 3d. for one of his Bills [prescriptions]; and that a man could hardly tell by one of his Bills what he did aime at. (He did not care for Chymistrey,
and
was wont
to speake
against
them with an undervalue.) He had, towards his latter end, a preparation
and sometimes like to be lost, so that my Lord Ambassador would be really angry with him,
of Opium
for there was not only danger
but
putt him out of his Paine, and which Sir Charles
the
leeve to be true;
of Thieves,
also of wild beasts.
and I know not what, which he kept
in his study to take, if occasion Scarborough
He was much
and
often
troubled
Gowte, and his way of Cure was thus;
with
he would
then sitt with his Legges bare, if it were a Frost, on the leads of Cockaine-house, a payle of water, cold, and betake
and his thoughts
work-
to give him;
this I be-
but doe not at all beleeve that
he really did give it him. Not but that,
putt them into
till he was almost dead with himself to his Stove, and so
‘twas gone. He was hott-headed,
promised
should serve, to
Paines,
he had
donne
it;
had he laboured been
readie
under
enough
great
to have
I doe not deny that it was not ac-
cording to his Principles
upon certain
occasions.
But the manner of his dyeing was really, and bon; jide, thus, viz. the morning of his death
ing would many times keepe him from sleepinge;
about
he told me that then his way was to rise out of
he had the dead palsey in his Tongue;
his Bed and walke
sawe what was to become of him, he knew there
about
his Chamber
in his
10 a clock, he went to speake, and found
Shirt till he was. pretty coole, i.e. till he began to
was then no hopes of his recovery,
have
sends for his brother
a horror,
and then
returne
to bed,
and
and young
then he
so presently nephewes
to
sleepe very comfortably. He was not tall; but of the lowest stature,
come-up to him, to whom he gives one his Watch (‘twas a minute watch with which he
round
Eie,
made
his
experiments),
full of spirit; his haire was but quite white 20 yeares
thing,
etc.,
as remembrances
faced,
olivaster
round, very black, black as a Raven,
complexion;
little
blood
before he dyed. I remember he was wont which he and his brother Coffee-houses later end; friend,
e.g.
to drinke Coffee; Eliab did, before
were in fashion in London.
His practice
signe to Sambroke,
was not very great
his
he ‘declined it, unlesse to a special1 my
Lady
Howland,
who
had
a
another
another
of him;
made
his Apothecary,
in the tongue,
which
did
good ; and so ended his dayes.
a
to lett him little
or
no
The Palsey did
give him an easy Passe-port. For
towards
to
20 yeares
before
he dyed
he tooke
no
manner of care about his worldly concernes, but his brother Eliab, who was a very wise and prudent
menager,
ordered
all not only
faith-
cancer in her Elreast, which he did cutt-off and seared, but at l.ast she dyed of it. He rode on
fully, but better then he could have donne himselfe. He dyed worth 20,000 pounds, which he
horseback with a Footcloath to visitt his Patients, his man follow:ing on foote, as the fashion then
left to his brother his old friend Mr.
was, which continued.
as a token of his Love. He lies buried in a Vault
SEPTEMBER,
was very decent, now quite dis(The Judges rode also with their 1958
Eliab. Thomas
In his Will he left Hobbes 10 pounds at Hempsted
in
William
384 Essex, which his brother
Eliab Harvey
built;
he
is lapt in lead, and on his brest in great letters DR.
WII.I.IAM
I was at his Funerall,
the world
and helpt to carry him into
periment.
knows-also
forthright in the exHis interest in natural to dissection
but-as
took expression
1-1~ was scurrilously
a11
in ex-
contemptuous
of recent writers and preferred Aristotle, Cicero, Like many physicians who are and Avicenna. deeply
COMMENT Aubrey’s
choleric and somewhat pression of his opinions. history was not limited
HARVEY.
the Vault.
portrait
Harvey
brief life of Harvey
rather
small details
than
which
the author
add up to make a singularly but also contain
is obviously
a biography.
The
noted
a
many
not only
lifelike description
much that is of interest
to the
involved
in research,
ferent practitioner peutics. After
Harvey’s
was published His
work
gradually
met
discovery widespread
subsided.
fond of informal
to follow in his footsteps
from
bigotry
but
was evidently
Such was William
circulation
in his Practize.”
opposition,
Recognition
his lifetime.
He was free
of the
“he fell mightly
clinical investigator and the medical historian. Htarvey is described as contemplative but discussion and willing to teach.
he was an indif-
and did not excel in thera-
Harvey.
came Those
which during
who seek
would do well to con-
sider the path.
THE
AMERICAN
JOURNAL
OF
CARDIOLOGY