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00714 Highly efficient photochemical hydrogen production system using zinc porphyrin and hydrogenase in CTAB micellar system
03 Gaseous fuels (derived gaseous fuels) exothermic and endothermic reactions. The addition of water vapour greatly enhanced the conversions of methane and oxygen and improved the energy efficiency in an oxygen-lean system. The energy consumed to convert a methane molecule decreased dramatically from 68 to 13 eV/m, with an increase in the percentage of water vapour from 0 to 50% at a CH4/0z ratio of 5. At the conditions studied, input power had more influence on the methane and oxygen conversions than applied frequency.
04100710 Conversion of coal to hydrogen by integrating the exothermic and endothermic gas production and separation reactions in gaslfier Lin, S. et al. Preprints of Symposia - American Division of Fuel Chemistry, 2003, 48, (I), 462-463.
Chemical
Society,
Addition of CaO in a gasifier can absorb COz and release heat during coal gasification. This method was used for producing high concentration hydrogen from one reactor (HyPr-RING method). Previous experimental studies confirmed that high concentration Hz (above 80%) with a small amount of CH4 can be made, and no carbon oxides are detected in the product gas phase. The authors discuss the general problems with using calcium-based sorbents in high temperature absorution. and the solutions. In the HvPr-RING method for H7 prodnction, a Hz production process was designed in consideration of these solutions, and higher than 75% Hz production efficiency was expected.
04/00711 Device for the fuel gas manufacture by selective oxidation in a gas production system and dehumidffication of the gas flow Anumu, P. A. et al. Ger. Offen. DE 10,154,098 (Cl. COlB3/00), 22 May 2003, Appl. 10,154,098. (In German) The invention concerns a device with a housing for the oxidation of materials in a humid hydrogen-containing gas flow from a gas generation system under addition of oxygen. The gas production system is used for the generation of a hydrogen-containing gas from water and a starting material, especially hydrocarbons. The oxidation of the materials takes mace in a catalvst-orovided section of the housine. The housing is cons&ted in such a manner that the gas flow passes a’t first a section with devices for separating of droplets, before it flows through a second section, which containsthe catalyst. The two sections have heat-conducting contact to each other. Additional the first section is equipped with adsorption material for the adsorption of water and hydrocarbon derivatives. The device is suitable for the supply of hydrogen-containing gas for a fuel cell system in a vehicle.
04100712 Dynamic behavior of sulfur evolved in the gas phase from pyrolysis of seven Chinese coals XII, L. et al. Preprints of Symposia - American Chemical Society, 407-408. Sulfur compounds evolved in the gas phase from pyrolysis of seven Chinese coals are studied usinr! TPD-FPD method in the temnerature range of up to 800” under N;and Hz. The effect of Hz is complex, showing Hz promoting certain peaks and suppresses other peaks. Interactions between volatile sulfur-containing compounds and the coal matrix are attributed to be the main factor detecting the dynamic behaviour.
Division
of‘ Fuel
Chemistry,
2003,
48, (1)
04lOO713 Effect of support on catalytic properties catalysts for steam reforming of 2-propanol
of Rh
Mizuno, T. et al. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2003, 28, (12) 1393.-1399. Catalytic performance of Rh catalyst supported on CeOz, AlzOs, SiOz, ZrOz, MgO or TiOz for steam reforming of 2-propanol has been studied. The performance was greatly influenced by the type of the supports through interactions between Rh and supports. CeOasupported Rh catalyst resulted in the highest selectivity among the catalysts studied here. It probably has a longer catalytic life than AlaOs-supported catalysts actually known to be stable, because the amount of coke deposited on it was much smaller than that on the Alz03-supported one. This mitigation of coke deposition has been explained by a reduction and oxidation cycle of CeOz.
04100714 Highly efficient photochemical production system using zinc porphyrin CTAB micellar system
hydrogen and hydrogenase
in
Yutaka, A. et al. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2003, 79, (l), 103-111. Photochemical hydrogen production with the system containing triethanolamine, zinc tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonate, methylviologen and hydrogenase in cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated. The effective photoreduction of methylviologen and an effective hydrogen production with hydrogenase were accomplished in the presence of CTAB micellar system by optimizing the reaction condition.
04100715 Hydrogen formation CT& alkanes in the presence oxidative?
during dehydrogenation of of oxygen: oxidative or non-
Sinev, M. Y. et al. Catalysis Today, 2003, 81, (2). 107-l 16. The main advantage of oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of light alkanes over non-oxidative dehydrogenation INODH) is the absenceof thermodynamic limitations for olefin per-pass yield. It is shown, however. that considerable amounts of molecular hvdroeen are formed (in some cases-equivalent to the amounts of prod;cedYolefin or even higher) over typical ODH oxide catalysts when Cz-C4 alkanes and oxygen are present in the feed gas. The analysis of product yields as functions of reaction parameters (temperature, flow rate, hydrocarbonto-oxygen ratio) over a series of V- and Sb-containing ODH catalysts has shown that the main kinetic features cannot be described in the framework of a single mechanism. NODH, coking and free-radical oxidation are considered as the most important Hz formation pathways. The ways to optimize the olefin production depending on the predominant mechanism of hydrogen formation over a particular catalyst are discussed.
04100716 Hydrogen production ethanol. A mechanism proposal catalysts
via catalytic gasification over copper-nickel
of
Marifio, F. et al. International Journal qf Hydrogen Energy, 2004, 29, (I), 67-71. Ethanol gasification using Cu-Ni-K/y-A1z03 catalysts was studied. The reaction was carried out at a low temperature (300°C) and atmospheric pressure. The influence of the diffusional effects, the residence time and the water/ethanol molar ratio in the feed on the ethanol conversion and on the product distribution was analysed. Additional experiments were performed with monometallic catalysts, such as Cu-K/y-AlzOs and Ni-K/y-Ala03 catalysts. Ethanol gasification is favoured by a diminution of the diffusional resistances, high residence time and low water to ethanol feed ratio. A probable reaction mechanism is postulated, which is consistent with the experimental results and let identify the function of each metal (copper and nickel).
04/00717 coke-oven
Improvement of a process for final cooling of gas and removal of benzene hydrocarbons from it
Zubitskii, B. D. et al. Koks i Khimi.ya, 2003, (I), 22-26. (In Russian) A stable orocess of final cookine of coke-oven eas in a closed circuit with water (300 m3/h) and extraition of naphthilene with absorption oil, at a feeding rate of ~5 m3/h heated (to 75-80°C) debenzenated oil of a density of 1071-1088 into a 5000-mm-diameter washer, is described.
04100716 methanol
Manufacture
of hydrogen-containing
gas from
Takamura, M. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 160,304 (Cl. COlB3/32), 3 Jun 2003, Appl. 2001/357,306. (In Japanese) In manufacture of H-based reformate gas by reaction of MeOH with steam and 0, catalysts containing Zn and Cr oxide are used. Preferably, the ratio of Zn and Cr in the catalyst is 95:5-50:50. Air may be used as the 0 source. Reformate gas with low byproduct CO content is stably manufactured for long period.
04100719 Manufacture of methane gas by fermentation organic substance with high efficiency
of
Owada, M. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 129.070 ClOL3106). 8 Mav 2003. AUDI. 20011361.726. (In Jaoanese) A digestion gas is purified by fixing ‘CO; as an‘orgadic substance photosynthetic bacteria. The fiied organic substance is returned fermentation tank for CH4 gas production.
(Cl.
04100720 production adsorption
with to a
Method and apparatus for the catalytic of methanol from synthesis gas using stages
Baehnisch, H.-J. PCT Int. Appl. WO 03 42,144 (Cl. CO7C29/152), 22 May 2003, DE Appl. 10,156,092. (In German) The invention relates to a method for the catalytic production of methanol under pressure from synthesis gas, which contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and undesirable impurities, where an adsorption stage precedes each catalytic reaction system for producing methanol. The adsorption stage contains a catalyst material as an adsorbent, which is suitable for the methanol synthesis, and operates at a temperature below the catalytic reaction temperature for the methanol production. A process flow diagram is presented.
04/00721 hydrogen
Optimization production
Hagh, B. F. International 1369-1377. Fuel
of autothermal Journal
and
of Hydrogen
Energy
Abstracts
reactor for maximum Energy,
2003,
28, (12)
March 2004
95
04100710 Conversion of coal to hydrogen by integrating the exothermic and endothermic gas production and separation reactions in gaslfier Lin, S. et al. Preprints of Symposia - American Division of Fuel Chemistry, 2003, 48, (I), 462-463.
Chemical
Society,
Addition of CaO in a gasifier can absorb COz and release heat during coal gasification. This method was used for producing high concentration hydrogen from one reactor (HyPr-RING method). Previous experimental studies confirmed that high concentration Hz (above 80%) with a small amount of CH4 can be made, and no carbon oxides are detected in the product gas phase. The authors discuss the general problems with using calcium-based sorbents in high temperature absorution. and the solutions. In the HvPr-RING method for H7 prodnction, a Hz production process was designed in consideration of these solutions, and higher than 75% Hz production efficiency was expected.
04/00711 Device for the fuel gas manufacture by selective oxidation in a gas production system and dehumidffication of the gas flow Anumu, P. A. et al. Ger. Offen. DE 10,154,098 (Cl. COlB3/00), 22 May 2003, Appl. 10,154,098. (In German) The invention concerns a device with a housing for the oxidation of materials in a humid hydrogen-containing gas flow from a gas generation system under addition of oxygen. The gas production system is used for the generation of a hydrogen-containing gas from water and a starting material, especially hydrocarbons. The oxidation of the materials takes mace in a catalvst-orovided section of the housine. The housing is cons&ted in such a manner that the gas flow passes a’t first a section with devices for separating of droplets, before it flows through a second section, which containsthe catalyst. The two sections have heat-conducting contact to each other. Additional the first section is equipped with adsorption material for the adsorption of water and hydrocarbon derivatives. The device is suitable for the supply of hydrogen-containing gas for a fuel cell system in a vehicle.
04100712 Dynamic behavior of sulfur evolved in the gas phase from pyrolysis of seven Chinese coals XII, L. et al. Preprints of Symposia - American Chemical Society, 407-408. Sulfur compounds evolved in the gas phase from pyrolysis of seven Chinese coals are studied usinr! TPD-FPD method in the temnerature range of up to 800” under N;and Hz. The effect of Hz is complex, showing Hz promoting certain peaks and suppresses other peaks. Interactions between volatile sulfur-containing compounds and the coal matrix are attributed to be the main factor detecting the dynamic behaviour.
Division
of‘ Fuel
Chemistry,
2003,
48, (1)
04lOO713 Effect of support on catalytic properties catalysts for steam reforming of 2-propanol
of Rh
Mizuno, T. et al. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2003, 28, (12) 1393.-1399. Catalytic performance of Rh catalyst supported on CeOz, AlzOs, SiOz, ZrOz, MgO or TiOz for steam reforming of 2-propanol has been studied. The performance was greatly influenced by the type of the supports through interactions between Rh and supports. CeOasupported Rh catalyst resulted in the highest selectivity among the catalysts studied here. It probably has a longer catalytic life than AlaOs-supported catalysts actually known to be stable, because the amount of coke deposited on it was much smaller than that on the Alz03-supported one. This mitigation of coke deposition has been explained by a reduction and oxidation cycle of CeOz.
04100714 Highly efficient photochemical production system using zinc porphyrin CTAB micellar system
hydrogen and hydrogenase
in
Yutaka, A. et al. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2003, 79, (l), 103-111. Photochemical hydrogen production with the system containing triethanolamine, zinc tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonate, methylviologen and hydrogenase in cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated. The effective photoreduction of methylviologen and an effective hydrogen production with hydrogenase were accomplished in the presence of CTAB micellar system by optimizing the reaction condition.
04100715 Hydrogen formation CT& alkanes in the presence oxidative?
during dehydrogenation of of oxygen: oxidative or non-
Sinev, M. Y. et al. Catalysis Today, 2003, 81, (2). 107-l 16. The main advantage of oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of light alkanes over non-oxidative dehydrogenation INODH) is the absenceof thermodynamic limitations for olefin per-pass yield. It is shown, however. that considerable amounts of molecular hvdroeen are formed (in some cases-equivalent to the amounts of prod;cedYolefin or even higher) over typical ODH oxide catalysts when Cz-C4 alkanes and oxygen are present in the feed gas. The analysis of product yields as functions of reaction parameters (temperature, flow rate, hydrocarbonto-oxygen ratio) over a series of V- and Sb-containing ODH catalysts has shown that the main kinetic features cannot be described in the framework of a single mechanism. NODH, coking and free-radical oxidation are considered as the most important Hz formation pathways. The ways to optimize the olefin production depending on the predominant mechanism of hydrogen formation over a particular catalyst are discussed.
04100716 Hydrogen production ethanol. A mechanism proposal catalysts
via catalytic gasification over copper-nickel
of
Marifio, F. et al. International Journal qf Hydrogen Energy, 2004, 29, (I), 67-71. Ethanol gasification using Cu-Ni-K/y-A1z03 catalysts was studied. The reaction was carried out at a low temperature (300°C) and atmospheric pressure. The influence of the diffusional effects, the residence time and the water/ethanol molar ratio in the feed on the ethanol conversion and on the product distribution was analysed. Additional experiments were performed with monometallic catalysts, such as Cu-K/y-AlzOs and Ni-K/y-Ala03 catalysts. Ethanol gasification is favoured by a diminution of the diffusional resistances, high residence time and low water to ethanol feed ratio. A probable reaction mechanism is postulated, which is consistent with the experimental results and let identify the function of each metal (copper and nickel).
04/00717 coke-oven
Improvement of a process for final cooling of gas and removal of benzene hydrocarbons from it
Zubitskii, B. D. et al. Koks i Khimi.ya, 2003, (I), 22-26. (In Russian) A stable orocess of final cookine of coke-oven eas in a closed circuit with water (300 m3/h) and extraition of naphthilene with absorption oil, at a feeding rate of ~5 m3/h heated (to 75-80°C) debenzenated oil of a density of 1071-1088 into a 5000-mm-diameter washer, is described.
04100716 methanol
Manufacture
of hydrogen-containing
gas from
Takamura, M. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 160,304 (Cl. COlB3/32), 3 Jun 2003, Appl. 2001/357,306. (In Japanese) In manufacture of H-based reformate gas by reaction of MeOH with steam and 0, catalysts containing Zn and Cr oxide are used. Preferably, the ratio of Zn and Cr in the catalyst is 95:5-50:50. Air may be used as the 0 source. Reformate gas with low byproduct CO content is stably manufactured for long period.
04100719 Manufacture of methane gas by fermentation organic substance with high efficiency
of
Owada, M. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 129.070 ClOL3106). 8 Mav 2003. AUDI. 20011361.726. (In Jaoanese) A digestion gas is purified by fixing ‘CO; as an‘orgadic substance photosynthetic bacteria. The fiied organic substance is returned fermentation tank for CH4 gas production.
(Cl.
04100720 production adsorption
with to a
Method and apparatus for the catalytic of methanol from synthesis gas using stages
Baehnisch, H.-J. PCT Int. Appl. WO 03 42,144 (Cl. CO7C29/152), 22 May 2003, DE Appl. 10,156,092. (In German) The invention relates to a method for the catalytic production of methanol under pressure from synthesis gas, which contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and undesirable impurities, where an adsorption stage precedes each catalytic reaction system for producing methanol. The adsorption stage contains a catalyst material as an adsorbent, which is suitable for the methanol synthesis, and operates at a temperature below the catalytic reaction temperature for the methanol production. A process flow diagram is presented.
04/00721 hydrogen
Optimization production
Hagh, B. F. International 1369-1377. Fuel
of autothermal Journal
and
of Hydrogen
Energy
Abstracts
reactor for maximum Energy,
2003,
28, (12)
March 2004
95