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1130. Atomic and ionic impact phenomenon on metal surfaces
Classified
abstracts
1130-1147
16 : 41 1130. Atomic and ionic impact phenomenon on metal surfaces. M Kaminsky, Springer- Verlag (Berlin-Heidelburg-New York), 1965, 402 pages. 16 1131. Adsorption of rare gases on evaporated alkali halide films. (Israel) I Ron and M Folman, Israel J Chem, 3 (4a), Feb 1966,18. 16 1132. An apparatus for direct measurement of adsorption isosteres.
(USSR) A volumetric method and a device are described for measuring isosteres in the temperature range from -50 to +lW and in the equilibrium pressure range from 10e4 to 760 torr. An exactly measured quantity of adsorbate is introduced into the space containing adsorbent, and the equilibrium pressure is measured at different temperatures. S Z Muminov, Usbeksk Khim Zh, 9 (6), 196.5, 58-62, (in Russian). 16 1133. The adsorption of various gases on clean or oxidized germanium surfaces. (Netherlands)
Some adsorption experiments were carried out on Ge surfaces. The Ge crystal was crushed in air and heated in vacua. Significant differences were found in the adsorption of HCI, H,S and NH, on a clean Ge surface. From the results it was concluded that each atom of the adsorbed molecule is directly bound to the Ge atom. A H Boon&a and J van Ruler, Surface Science, 4 (2), 1966, 141-149. 16 1134. Adsorption of nitrogen oxides in columns with sieve plates. (USSR)
The adsorption of nitrogen oxides by HNO, increases as the distance between the sieve plate openings increases and as the hole diameter decreases. The sieve-plate efficiency is related mathematically to gas pressure and flow in the column, to the plate hole area available for gas flow, to the hole diameter, to the distance between plates, to the temperature, and to the HNO, concentration for a constant concentration of nitrogen oxides. V I Atroschenko et al, Zh Prikl Khim, 38 (IZ), 1965, 2678-2682, (in Russian). 16
1135. Experimental device for ion sorption studies. (Rumania) A Cavaleru et al, Rev Roumaine Phys, 10 (8), 1965, 839-846. 16 1136. Sorption of nitrogen at very low pressures by molybdenum films. (USA) Nitrogen is adsorbed by clean MO films in two well-defined states: one is stable to high temperature, the other is stable only at temperamres below 130°K. For either state the amounts adsorbed at saturation are approximately independent of pressure. R A Pasternak et al, J Chem Phys, 70, 1966, 1304-1309.
17 1139. Thermodynamic conditions of metal degassing during vacuum melting. (USSR) On the basis of an evolved coefficient which expresses the relationship of the compositions of liquids and vapours, an evaluation of the capability of the refractory metal gas system for degassing during high-vacuum refining is made. This coefficient, reflecting the capability of the metal to be purified, is in direct proportional relation to gas concentration in the metal and in exponential relation to temperature of the melt. VI Lakomskii, Zzv VUZ Tsvetnaya Met, 5,1965,135-137, (in Russian). 17
1140. Dot&-beam (USSR)
A new double-beam thermocryostat is described in detail; this is distinguished from existing models in that the possibility of the light beam deviating from normal incidence on the sample is eliminated. Since the cryostat lies at backing-pump pressures, the hermetic sealing of the cuvette is normally a difficult problem. In the present case this is solved by the fact that the cuvettes containing solution and solvent are isolated from the backing-pump space by additional plates of transparent material. The solution is thus kept at normal atmospheric pressure and does not tend to be pumped away when the cryostat is evacuated. I S Pominov et al, Zhur priklad spelitroskopii, 4, 1966, 3. 18. Gaseous
1965, 1333, (in Russian). 18
1142. Influence of electrode curvature on electrical breakdown in vacuum. H C Miller, J Appl Plqx, 37 (2), Fe0 I966, 7X4-790. 18 1143. Acceleration of plasma electrons.
1137. Application of thermodynamic similarity properties. (USSR) New conceptions of the thermodynamic similarity theory are described which state that any point on the Boyle curve at a sufficient distance from the ideal-gas state may be taken instead of the critical point as a reference point. These conceptions allow investigations of both pure materials and gas mixtures using the similarity theory method. Verification of the method with some binary mixtures has demonstrated its fair promise with regard to the analytical description of behaviour of gaseous mixtures. Ya Z Kazavchinskii, Inzhen Fiz Zh, 9 (3), 1965, 384-393, (in Russian).
18
1144. Maintaining hydrogen pressure in electric discharge devices. (Great Britain)
R 0 Jenkins, M-O Valve Co Ltd, British Patent I,OI8,569 26 Jan 1966, Appl28 Feb 1964; 2 pages.
406
apparatus
(C1.H Olj),
and auxiliaries
systems 20
1145. Quick guide to product selection: compressors and vacuum pumps. Anon, H.l,draulics and Pneumatics, 19 (95), 1966. 20 1146. High vacuum furnace.
(Sweden) The problem of sealing vacuum furnaces used for melting prior to casting is solved by making the furnace swing around with two connecting swing-lines to the casting mould. G Karlsson and G Haas, (Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolag), German Patent 1,209,250 Ott 1958, 4 pages.
(C1.B 22b), 20, Jan 1966, Swedish
Appl25 20
17 :25
1138. Cryogenic instrumentation. II. Sensing flow and composition. (USA) Two measurements in cryogenics are distinguished by the need for high accuracy. The article discusses these measurements by using flow meters which are adaptations of standard ones, and stream analyzers including gas chromatographs and instruments specific to a given component. Cryogenic orifices, positive-displacement, turbine, and mass flow meters are described. A W Angerhofer, Control Eng, 12 (II), 1965, 77-84.
(USSR)
Investigation of electron-beam acceleration by means of toroidal systems in which the equilibrium of the beam in an annular orbit is achieved by the image currents induced in the metallic coating of the vacuum chamber. The initial plasma was generated by electron injection of the neutral gas in the chamber. A M Stefanovskii, Nuclear Fusion, 5, 1965, 215-227, (in Russian).
20. Pumping 17 to gaseous mixture
electronics
18 1141. Low after discharge emission as an indicator of the electrode surfaces state in vacuum breakdown experiments. (USSR) P N Chiswakov and N V Tatarinova. J Tech Ph,,sics. _ , USSR. , 35 (7). .,I
II. Vacuum 17. Thermodynamics
thermocryostat for the IKS-14 spectrophotometer.
An attempt to reduce the gas load in an ultrahigh-vacuum chamber. (USA) The Ilikon UHV chamber has been equipped to simulate the conditions of the lunar surface, including temperature, pressure of lo-lo torr and radiation. It is used in a programme to determine the effect of such conditions on the physical properties of probable lunar surface materials. .J E M Adler, (Air Force Cambridge Research Labs, Mass, USA), 1147.
1965, 9 pages.
abstracts
1130-1147
16 : 41 1130. Atomic and ionic impact phenomenon on metal surfaces. M Kaminsky, Springer- Verlag (Berlin-Heidelburg-New York), 1965, 402 pages. 16 1131. Adsorption of rare gases on evaporated alkali halide films. (Israel) I Ron and M Folman, Israel J Chem, 3 (4a), Feb 1966,18. 16 1132. An apparatus for direct measurement of adsorption isosteres.
(USSR) A volumetric method and a device are described for measuring isosteres in the temperature range from -50 to +lW and in the equilibrium pressure range from 10e4 to 760 torr. An exactly measured quantity of adsorbate is introduced into the space containing adsorbent, and the equilibrium pressure is measured at different temperatures. S Z Muminov, Usbeksk Khim Zh, 9 (6), 196.5, 58-62, (in Russian). 16 1133. The adsorption of various gases on clean or oxidized germanium surfaces. (Netherlands)
Some adsorption experiments were carried out on Ge surfaces. The Ge crystal was crushed in air and heated in vacua. Significant differences were found in the adsorption of HCI, H,S and NH, on a clean Ge surface. From the results it was concluded that each atom of the adsorbed molecule is directly bound to the Ge atom. A H Boon&a and J van Ruler, Surface Science, 4 (2), 1966, 141-149. 16 1134. Adsorption of nitrogen oxides in columns with sieve plates. (USSR)
The adsorption of nitrogen oxides by HNO, increases as the distance between the sieve plate openings increases and as the hole diameter decreases. The sieve-plate efficiency is related mathematically to gas pressure and flow in the column, to the plate hole area available for gas flow, to the hole diameter, to the distance between plates, to the temperature, and to the HNO, concentration for a constant concentration of nitrogen oxides. V I Atroschenko et al, Zh Prikl Khim, 38 (IZ), 1965, 2678-2682, (in Russian). 16
1135. Experimental device for ion sorption studies. (Rumania) A Cavaleru et al, Rev Roumaine Phys, 10 (8), 1965, 839-846. 16 1136. Sorption of nitrogen at very low pressures by molybdenum films. (USA) Nitrogen is adsorbed by clean MO films in two well-defined states: one is stable to high temperature, the other is stable only at temperamres below 130°K. For either state the amounts adsorbed at saturation are approximately independent of pressure. R A Pasternak et al, J Chem Phys, 70, 1966, 1304-1309.
17 1139. Thermodynamic conditions of metal degassing during vacuum melting. (USSR) On the basis of an evolved coefficient which expresses the relationship of the compositions of liquids and vapours, an evaluation of the capability of the refractory metal gas system for degassing during high-vacuum refining is made. This coefficient, reflecting the capability of the metal to be purified, is in direct proportional relation to gas concentration in the metal and in exponential relation to temperature of the melt. VI Lakomskii, Zzv VUZ Tsvetnaya Met, 5,1965,135-137, (in Russian). 17
1140. Dot&-beam (USSR)
A new double-beam thermocryostat is described in detail; this is distinguished from existing models in that the possibility of the light beam deviating from normal incidence on the sample is eliminated. Since the cryostat lies at backing-pump pressures, the hermetic sealing of the cuvette is normally a difficult problem. In the present case this is solved by the fact that the cuvettes containing solution and solvent are isolated from the backing-pump space by additional plates of transparent material. The solution is thus kept at normal atmospheric pressure and does not tend to be pumped away when the cryostat is evacuated. I S Pominov et al, Zhur priklad spelitroskopii, 4, 1966, 3. 18. Gaseous
1965, 1333, (in Russian). 18
1142. Influence of electrode curvature on electrical breakdown in vacuum. H C Miller, J Appl Plqx, 37 (2), Fe0 I966, 7X4-790. 18 1143. Acceleration of plasma electrons.
1137. Application of thermodynamic similarity properties. (USSR) New conceptions of the thermodynamic similarity theory are described which state that any point on the Boyle curve at a sufficient distance from the ideal-gas state may be taken instead of the critical point as a reference point. These conceptions allow investigations of both pure materials and gas mixtures using the similarity theory method. Verification of the method with some binary mixtures has demonstrated its fair promise with regard to the analytical description of behaviour of gaseous mixtures. Ya Z Kazavchinskii, Inzhen Fiz Zh, 9 (3), 1965, 384-393, (in Russian).
18
1144. Maintaining hydrogen pressure in electric discharge devices. (Great Britain)
R 0 Jenkins, M-O Valve Co Ltd, British Patent I,OI8,569 26 Jan 1966, Appl28 Feb 1964; 2 pages.
406
apparatus
(C1.H Olj),
and auxiliaries
systems 20
1145. Quick guide to product selection: compressors and vacuum pumps. Anon, H.l,draulics and Pneumatics, 19 (95), 1966. 20 1146. High vacuum furnace.
(Sweden) The problem of sealing vacuum furnaces used for melting prior to casting is solved by making the furnace swing around with two connecting swing-lines to the casting mould. G Karlsson and G Haas, (Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolag), German Patent 1,209,250 Ott 1958, 4 pages.
(C1.B 22b), 20, Jan 1966, Swedish
Appl25 20
17 :25
1138. Cryogenic instrumentation. II. Sensing flow and composition. (USA) Two measurements in cryogenics are distinguished by the need for high accuracy. The article discusses these measurements by using flow meters which are adaptations of standard ones, and stream analyzers including gas chromatographs and instruments specific to a given component. Cryogenic orifices, positive-displacement, turbine, and mass flow meters are described. A W Angerhofer, Control Eng, 12 (II), 1965, 77-84.
(USSR)
Investigation of electron-beam acceleration by means of toroidal systems in which the equilibrium of the beam in an annular orbit is achieved by the image currents induced in the metallic coating of the vacuum chamber. The initial plasma was generated by electron injection of the neutral gas in the chamber. A M Stefanovskii, Nuclear Fusion, 5, 1965, 215-227, (in Russian).
20. Pumping 17 to gaseous mixture
electronics
18 1141. Low after discharge emission as an indicator of the electrode surfaces state in vacuum breakdown experiments. (USSR) P N Chiswakov and N V Tatarinova. J Tech Ph,,sics. _ , USSR. , 35 (7). .,I
II. Vacuum 17. Thermodynamics
thermocryostat for the IKS-14 spectrophotometer.
An attempt to reduce the gas load in an ultrahigh-vacuum chamber. (USA) The Ilikon UHV chamber has been equipped to simulate the conditions of the lunar surface, including temperature, pressure of lo-lo torr and radiation. It is used in a programme to determine the effect of such conditions on the physical properties of probable lunar surface materials. .J E M Adler, (Air Force Cambridge Research Labs, Mass, USA), 1147.
1965, 9 pages.