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19. Study of prostaglandin E2 in human skin wounds
Fifth Cross Channel Conference on Forensic Medicine 1995 15. Difficulties of establishing the causes of death on a
body severely injured after death by pet animals Th. Perrin, H. Douibi, B. Ludes, A. Tracqui, P. Kintz, P. M a n g i n
Institut de m6decine l~gale, Strasbourg, France The authors report the case of an 86 year old woman who was found dead in her apartment. A broken window and some other clues suggested to the police that she could have been the victim of a homicide. She was lying on her back on the floor, surrounded by her ten pet cats for almost a week. The body showed severe post mortem injuries, obviously caused by the cats, present on the head, neck, shoulders and right arm. The soft tissues, the tongue, the larynx, the hyoid bone, the trachea and the oesophagus were all missing. Other organs were unremarkable apart from post mortem decomposition. Because of the post mortem injuries, it was impossible to determine the cause of death and the soft tissues of the anterior cervical region were missing. The aim of this study is to point out that pet animals extensively injuring dead bodies can be a way for a murderer to conceal his crime. KEYWORDS - Pathology, post mortem injuries
16. Suicide with shotgun A. D u m a , M. Belokapovski, Z. Cakar, K. Boskovski, B. Janeska, A. Gutevska, V. P o p o v s k a
h~stitute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University, Vodnjanska 19, Skopje, R. Macedonia In this paper the suicides that were executed with shotgun and post mortem examined in the Institute of Forensic Medicine in the period from 1984 to 1993, are discussed. The following elements were analyzed: the type of gun, localization and number of injuries, the place of the execution, the age and sex of the victim, the hour, day and month, presence of alcohol and drugs. Comparative analysis was separately done between shotgun wounds in homicide, suicide and accidents in post mortem expertise. KEYWORDS - Suicide, shotgun wound
17. Clinical forensic practitioners faced with fire arm deaths P. Zillhardt, B, Marc, B. Richard, F. Boubrit, J.L. Zylberberg, M. Garnier
Urgenees mddico-judiciaires, Hrpital Jean Verdict, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France Fire arm deaths have become more and more frequent in large urban zones and their surrounding areas; they are the result of an interaction between psychological and conditional social parameters. The Emergency Forensic Unit from Th6pital Jean Verdier' near Paris have established a system by which they can recognise the different fire arm death mechanisms; suicide, murder or accident, as soon as the body is brought in, Thus a costly and often
17 inconclusive, forensic autopsy is avoided. After studying fifty different cases, this medical team can show that their arguments, drawn from five different domains: medical-legal, environment, toxicological, social and psychiatric, are sufficient to confirm one of the three hypotheses where there has been death by fire arm. KEYWORDS - Fire arm death, suicide, murder, accident, forensic psychiatry
18. Some epidemiological characteristics of homicides in the Republic of Macedonia during 1975-1984 N. Orovcanec, B. Janaska, K. Vasileska, R. Iejanoveka, B.I. Zafirova, N. B a n o v a , V. Kendrovski, A. P o p o v s k a
Department of Epidemiology, University St Cyril and Metodi, Medical Faculty, 91000 Skopje, R. Macedonia A total of 356 homicides were investigated and registered within the period 1975-1984. The most numerous homicides occurred in June (N = 38) - seasonal index A = 1.283 (128.3%), while the least in September (N = 21) - seasonal index A = 0.709 (70.9%). The homicides were committed most frequently on Sunday (N = 67, 18.8%), and most rarely on Tuesday (N = 46, 12.9%). The most representative time interval of homicide performance was 06.00-11.59 h (N = 110, 30.9%), the least were committed from 00.00-05.59 h (N = 41, 12.5%). Development tendency (trend 1975/1984 (Y = a + bx) showed an increase. Descriptive and epidemiological methods were used. KEYWORDS - Epidemiology, month, day, hour, trend
19. Study of prostaglandin E2 in human skin wounds D.N. Vieira, C. H r r n a n d e z - C u e t o , E. Girela, E. Marques, M.D. Calvo, M. Villalobos, F. O l i v e i r a S~i, E. Villanueva
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal and Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain Research undertaken by Lo Menzo et al (1983), Lasarov et al (1988) and De Vivo et al (1991), suggested that PGF2~ was a potential marker of the vitality of cutaneous wounds. Such studies were experimentally developed on a short series of skin samples of guinea pigs and rats. Contrary to the opinion of these authors we have concluded, after studies developed on a series of htJman skin samples, that PGF2~ is not a biochemical marker with practical usefulness in the differential diagnosis between vital and post mortem cutaneous wounds (H6rnandez-Cueto et al, 1994). In order to check the potential capacity of PGFE2 as a vitality marker of human cutaneous wounds, we studied 40 incised cutaneous wounds taken from cadavers of victims of violent deaths with different survival times (always under 8 hours). The determination of PGE2 was made by RIA and MS/GC. As was previously observed for PGF2c~, the results with PGE2 also show a great variability, with high levels of standard deviations, and a significant influence of the post mortem interval in the levels of PGE2 detected. We conclude that this prostaglandin also is of no use in the diagnosis
18
Fifth Cross Channel Conferenceon Forensic Medicine 1995
of the vitality of human cutaneous wounds. KEYWORDS - Prostaglandins, wounds vitality, time of wounds, forensic pathology
20. Ten year study of epidemiological findings in examined cases of death with intoxication V.V. Stefanovska, A. Duma, L. Poposka, G. Mijovski Institute of Epidemiology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, 9100 Skx~pje, R. Macedonia POSTER EXHIBITION (II) - SESSION F 21. Identification of human remains using DNA investigation Danuta Miscicka-Sliwka, Jaroslaw A. Berent, Elzbieta Bloch-Boguslawska, Karol Sliwka
Forensic Medicine Institute, The Ludwik Rydygier's University School of Medical Sciences in Bydgoszcz, ul. M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland The case of identification of a burnt human body found in automatic conveyor belt of an industrial furnace is presented. Because of internal temperature conditions the body was not destroyed completely. The forensic autopsy allowed for the determination of sex, age and height of the individual. Laboratory findings and data from investigation experiments suggested that the murder had occurred earlier and afterwards the body had been put to burn to make the identification impossible. Despite the big thermal degradation it was possible to extract DNA from body samples and to compare it with DNA of supposed relatives when D1S80 and DQ-alpha was profiled. All the results in their entirety allowed to identify the body. KEYWORDS - Burnt body, DNA
22. Sex determination and stature, foot length reconstruction by ossa tarsi proximales Robertas Povilaitis
The Police Academy of Lithuania, Vih~ius, Lithuania The objects investigated were mostly human talus and calcaneus extracted from 202 cadavers after forensic-medical investigations performed in Vilnius Forensic Medicine Morgue in the period of 1991-1993. For all cadavers were performed anthrnpometric and osteometric measurements (in summary 90 measurements for every cadaver). The aim of the present study was to determine the criteria for person's forensic identification by talus and calcaneus. In this study statistical analysis was performed: minimum and maximum values for each bone measurement were calculated as well as mean, range, variance, standard deviation and standard error of mean. For all 90 measurements skewness and kurtosis were estimated. The matrix of 350 correlation coefficients was calculated for the stature, foot length and all osteometric measurements. During the discriminantanalysis for sex determination by Stepwise method were chosen osteometric measurements as coefficients of canonical discriminant equations. Regression analysis was used for stature calculation by foot length and bone measurements. During the analysis 25 regression equations were obtained: for body, leg, foot length calculation from talus and calcaneus various measurements. Also cluster analysis for all osteometric measurements was performed. KEYWORDS - Ossa tarsi proximales, forensic anthropology
body severely injured after death by pet animals Th. Perrin, H. Douibi, B. Ludes, A. Tracqui, P. Kintz, P. M a n g i n
Institut de m6decine l~gale, Strasbourg, France The authors report the case of an 86 year old woman who was found dead in her apartment. A broken window and some other clues suggested to the police that she could have been the victim of a homicide. She was lying on her back on the floor, surrounded by her ten pet cats for almost a week. The body showed severe post mortem injuries, obviously caused by the cats, present on the head, neck, shoulders and right arm. The soft tissues, the tongue, the larynx, the hyoid bone, the trachea and the oesophagus were all missing. Other organs were unremarkable apart from post mortem decomposition. Because of the post mortem injuries, it was impossible to determine the cause of death and the soft tissues of the anterior cervical region were missing. The aim of this study is to point out that pet animals extensively injuring dead bodies can be a way for a murderer to conceal his crime. KEYWORDS - Pathology, post mortem injuries
16. Suicide with shotgun A. D u m a , M. Belokapovski, Z. Cakar, K. Boskovski, B. Janeska, A. Gutevska, V. P o p o v s k a
h~stitute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University, Vodnjanska 19, Skopje, R. Macedonia In this paper the suicides that were executed with shotgun and post mortem examined in the Institute of Forensic Medicine in the period from 1984 to 1993, are discussed. The following elements were analyzed: the type of gun, localization and number of injuries, the place of the execution, the age and sex of the victim, the hour, day and month, presence of alcohol and drugs. Comparative analysis was separately done between shotgun wounds in homicide, suicide and accidents in post mortem expertise. KEYWORDS - Suicide, shotgun wound
17. Clinical forensic practitioners faced with fire arm deaths P. Zillhardt, B, Marc, B. Richard, F. Boubrit, J.L. Zylberberg, M. Garnier
Urgenees mddico-judiciaires, Hrpital Jean Verdict, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France Fire arm deaths have become more and more frequent in large urban zones and their surrounding areas; they are the result of an interaction between psychological and conditional social parameters. The Emergency Forensic Unit from Th6pital Jean Verdier' near Paris have established a system by which they can recognise the different fire arm death mechanisms; suicide, murder or accident, as soon as the body is brought in, Thus a costly and often
17 inconclusive, forensic autopsy is avoided. After studying fifty different cases, this medical team can show that their arguments, drawn from five different domains: medical-legal, environment, toxicological, social and psychiatric, are sufficient to confirm one of the three hypotheses where there has been death by fire arm. KEYWORDS - Fire arm death, suicide, murder, accident, forensic psychiatry
18. Some epidemiological characteristics of homicides in the Republic of Macedonia during 1975-1984 N. Orovcanec, B. Janaska, K. Vasileska, R. Iejanoveka, B.I. Zafirova, N. B a n o v a , V. Kendrovski, A. P o p o v s k a
Department of Epidemiology, University St Cyril and Metodi, Medical Faculty, 91000 Skopje, R. Macedonia A total of 356 homicides were investigated and registered within the period 1975-1984. The most numerous homicides occurred in June (N = 38) - seasonal index A = 1.283 (128.3%), while the least in September (N = 21) - seasonal index A = 0.709 (70.9%). The homicides were committed most frequently on Sunday (N = 67, 18.8%), and most rarely on Tuesday (N = 46, 12.9%). The most representative time interval of homicide performance was 06.00-11.59 h (N = 110, 30.9%), the least were committed from 00.00-05.59 h (N = 41, 12.5%). Development tendency (trend 1975/1984 (Y = a + bx) showed an increase. Descriptive and epidemiological methods were used. KEYWORDS - Epidemiology, month, day, hour, trend
19. Study of prostaglandin E2 in human skin wounds D.N. Vieira, C. H r r n a n d e z - C u e t o , E. Girela, E. Marques, M.D. Calvo, M. Villalobos, F. O l i v e i r a S~i, E. Villanueva
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal and Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain Research undertaken by Lo Menzo et al (1983), Lasarov et al (1988) and De Vivo et al (1991), suggested that PGF2~ was a potential marker of the vitality of cutaneous wounds. Such studies were experimentally developed on a short series of skin samples of guinea pigs and rats. Contrary to the opinion of these authors we have concluded, after studies developed on a series of htJman skin samples, that PGF2~ is not a biochemical marker with practical usefulness in the differential diagnosis between vital and post mortem cutaneous wounds (H6rnandez-Cueto et al, 1994). In order to check the potential capacity of PGFE2 as a vitality marker of human cutaneous wounds, we studied 40 incised cutaneous wounds taken from cadavers of victims of violent deaths with different survival times (always under 8 hours). The determination of PGE2 was made by RIA and MS/GC. As was previously observed for PGF2c~, the results with PGE2 also show a great variability, with high levels of standard deviations, and a significant influence of the post mortem interval in the levels of PGE2 detected. We conclude that this prostaglandin also is of no use in the diagnosis
18
Fifth Cross Channel Conferenceon Forensic Medicine 1995
of the vitality of human cutaneous wounds. KEYWORDS - Prostaglandins, wounds vitality, time of wounds, forensic pathology
20. Ten year study of epidemiological findings in examined cases of death with intoxication V.V. Stefanovska, A. Duma, L. Poposka, G. Mijovski Institute of Epidemiology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, 9100 Skx~pje, R. Macedonia POSTER EXHIBITION (II) - SESSION F 21. Identification of human remains using DNA investigation Danuta Miscicka-Sliwka, Jaroslaw A. Berent, Elzbieta Bloch-Boguslawska, Karol Sliwka
Forensic Medicine Institute, The Ludwik Rydygier's University School of Medical Sciences in Bydgoszcz, ul. M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland The case of identification of a burnt human body found in automatic conveyor belt of an industrial furnace is presented. Because of internal temperature conditions the body was not destroyed completely. The forensic autopsy allowed for the determination of sex, age and height of the individual. Laboratory findings and data from investigation experiments suggested that the murder had occurred earlier and afterwards the body had been put to burn to make the identification impossible. Despite the big thermal degradation it was possible to extract DNA from body samples and to compare it with DNA of supposed relatives when D1S80 and DQ-alpha was profiled. All the results in their entirety allowed to identify the body. KEYWORDS - Burnt body, DNA
22. Sex determination and stature, foot length reconstruction by ossa tarsi proximales Robertas Povilaitis
The Police Academy of Lithuania, Vih~ius, Lithuania The objects investigated were mostly human talus and calcaneus extracted from 202 cadavers after forensic-medical investigations performed in Vilnius Forensic Medicine Morgue in the period of 1991-1993. For all cadavers were performed anthrnpometric and osteometric measurements (in summary 90 measurements for every cadaver). The aim of the present study was to determine the criteria for person's forensic identification by talus and calcaneus. In this study statistical analysis was performed: minimum and maximum values for each bone measurement were calculated as well as mean, range, variance, standard deviation and standard error of mean. For all 90 measurements skewness and kurtosis were estimated. The matrix of 350 correlation coefficients was calculated for the stature, foot length and all osteometric measurements. During the discriminantanalysis for sex determination by Stepwise method were chosen osteometric measurements as coefficients of canonical discriminant equations. Regression analysis was used for stature calculation by foot length and bone measurements. During the analysis 25 regression equations were obtained: for body, leg, foot length calculation from talus and calcaneus various measurements. Also cluster analysis for all osteometric measurements was performed. KEYWORDS - Ossa tarsi proximales, forensic anthropology