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472. Vacuum induction casting of beryllium
Classified
The
abstracts
cryogenic
463-481
properties
of
metals.
37 : 33 number
abstract
Set
of
37 477. Annealing tests on steel wire in different atmospheres. iGc,f./?ltr/f~/ The authors examined the Influcncc of atmospheres, inert (argon), reducing (H,, CO, also air) gases or vacuum on the quality of wlre drawn from steel. Investigation on alloyed and unalloyed steels wa$ carrlcd out for hardness. tensile strength, bending and torsional properties. duc’ility, structure and surface finish. The least change in structure was observed on annealing in vacuum, and the best wire surface finish was observed on annealing in H,. W Schwenzfeier and 0 Pawelski, Stahl II Eiten. 85 “210). _7/ Ott 1965, 1320-1327, lin German)
37
38. Distillation,
37
478. Use of a quartz crystal vibrator in vacuum distillation tion. (Great Britain) L Holland et al, Nature, 206, 1965.883-884.
457. 37 Properties
number
and behaviour
of materials
in outer
: 34
See abstract
space.
459. 37
Production
: 34
vacuum. See abstract
of oxygen from silicates in ultrahigh
ntrmber461. 37 The effect of vacuum S-816 and Inconel550
: 34
on the fatigue and stress-rupture properties at 1500°F. See abstract number 462.
463. Degas, refine, reheat in one ladle. i USA) Anon, Iron Age, 196 124), Dee 1965,4%49.
f USA/
464. Oxygen rides in argon bubbles for degassing steel. Anon, Iron Age, I96 (24)) Dee 1965,87-91.
37 465. Dynamic mass spectrometers. E Blauth, Fviedr Vieweg and Sohn. (in German). 466. Physical metallurgy. R W Cahn (Editor), North-Holland
: 52
f Gcr,,~u,l?,j
Brartnschweig,
Books,
1965, 167 page\, 37
: 64
37
: 39
I I22 pages, 220s.
467. Application of vacuum in technology of concrete. AMA~iryan,IzvAkadNaukSSSR,TekhnNauk,I8(1),
I USSR)
1965, 57-70. 37 i Germa~7_vi
468. Heat treatment of metals under vacuum. A review with 34 references. K Werner, Technik, 20 (7/, 1965.472-477, (in Germart).
37 469. Vacuum degassing liquid steel in the hearth. I Spain) Degassing of melted steel to remove H,, OL, and N? is carried out by spraying, agitating, elevating and circulating it under vacuum. It is concluded on the basis of thermodynamic and kinetic calculations that the best degassingrange is I-IO mm Hg and that it is done most effectively on finely divided drops of steel. J A M Belda, Dyna, 40 l5), 1965.255-260. (‘it? Spani.sh). 37 470. Vacuum processes in speciality steel melting. I USA) Several methods of applying the principle of vacuum degassing to molten metals are described. C B Post and R C Leinbacb, Reg Tech Meetings Am Iron Steel Inst. 1964,195-232. 471. Removal of nitrogen and carbon in high temperature annealing of cold-rolled transformer steel. ( USSR) V E Kochnov ef al, Rqf Zh Met I, Metalloved i Term Ohrabotka,
1965, Abstr No 71421.
chemistry,
isotopic
gas
analysis 38 investiga-
38 479. High resistivity tantalum films. (Germa/lj,) The properties of thin Ta films have been determined with special consideration of influences due to the deposition process. It is shown that the resistivity and the temperature coefficient of sputtered films are strongly dependent on the sputtering voltage while the sputtering time and density produce essentially no changes. The observed phenomena are caused by a lower packing density of Ta films. H J Schiltze, Vakuum-Terhnik, 14 18), Dee 1965. 213-217, lit7 German) 38 480. Use of a hollow cathode for determining gases in solids by the isotope-balancing method. (USSR) A spectral-isotope method of determining gases in solids using a hollow-cathode discharge tube is described. A special attachment is provided to allow introduction of samples without breaking the vacuum. The operating conditions of the apparatus, including the isotope-balancing conditions and the conditions for the excitation of spectra, arc discussed. A preferred sequence of operations for efficient use of this method is laid down and preliminary experiments on the analysis of CO and N, are dcscrlbed; this gives a fair idea of the sensitivity of the method and precautions required to maintain this at a high level. The masking effects of residual gases can be eliminated by preliminary heat treatment of the cathode in pure helium. R R Shvangiradze et al, Zh Priklad Spelctro.,, 3 (41, Oc,/ 1965, 300, (in R/l.r.rtan/ 39. Miscellaneous
37 vacuum
organic
applications 39
16
Determination of elevated temperature fatigue data alloys in ultrahigh vacuum. See abstract number 360.
on refractory
Application
of vacuum in technology
of concrete.
See abstract
345. 39 : 20
39 : 37 number
46-l. 39
37 473. Vacuum degassing of molten steel in ladles and during ingot pouring. (USA) C W Finkl, A Fink1 and Sons Co, US Patent 3.206.302 (Cl 75-491, Sept 1965. .Appl2 Dee 1958and29 Maqll96/, 9pages. 37 474. Controlled degassing of molten steel. Anon, Standard-Mess0 Drrisburg Gesellschaft fuer Chemietechnik, mbHand Co, Patent, Neth Appl6,4/2,483 (Cl C22b), 21 May 1965. Gen Appl20 Nov 1963. lOpages. 37 475. High-speed quenching in vacuum. (Greut Britain) A R G Brown et al, J Inst Metals, Nov 1965,542-544. 37 476. The heat treatment and descaling of rolled wire in vacua. Investigations of the heat treatment (in presence of gases or vacuum) and annealing in vacua of wires made of chromium-nickel, chromium, roller-bearing and high speed steels. Effect of temperature on scale, ease of pickling, surface decarburization, and mechanical properties after drawing. F BleilSb and H Born, Stahlu Eiberr, 85(210), 21 Ott 1965, /3/l 1320, (in German). 158
: 41
number
37 472. Vacuum induction casting of beryllium. I USA) J L Frankeny, Modern Castings, 45 (6), 1965,348352.
:
Study of adhesion and cohesion in vacuum. See abstract
481. A flexural
fatigue machine resonance in vacuum. (USA)
for high-temperature
operation
at
A reversed-bending. high-temperature fatigue machine for operation at constant bending amplitude in vacuum has been developed. The vibration frequency is maintained at resonance by means of a feedback circuit employing a capacitance pick-up, and the amplitude of the vibration is maintained constant by another circuit. The resonant frequency is reduced as fatigue cracks arc developed. Curves of resonant frequency versus time at 800°C for 3 I6 stainless steel and Inconel X, illustrate the development of fatigue damage. (Author) M R Achter et al, Rep NRL-6275; AD-617915, Naval Research Lab, Washington, DC, June 1965.
IV. Materials technology 40. Gases
and
and techniques
used in vacuum
vapours 40:2l
Vapour
pressures of vacuum pump oils. See abstract
number
370.
:47
The
abstracts
cryogenic
463-481
properties
of
metals.
37 : 33 number
abstract
Set
of
37 477. Annealing tests on steel wire in different atmospheres. iGc,f./?ltr/f~/ The authors examined the Influcncc of atmospheres, inert (argon), reducing (H,, CO, also air) gases or vacuum on the quality of wlre drawn from steel. Investigation on alloyed and unalloyed steels wa$ carrlcd out for hardness. tensile strength, bending and torsional properties. duc’ility, structure and surface finish. The least change in structure was observed on annealing in vacuum, and the best wire surface finish was observed on annealing in H,. W Schwenzfeier and 0 Pawelski, Stahl II Eiten. 85 “210). _7/ Ott 1965, 1320-1327, lin German)
37
38. Distillation,
37
478. Use of a quartz crystal vibrator in vacuum distillation tion. (Great Britain) L Holland et al, Nature, 206, 1965.883-884.
457. 37 Properties
number
and behaviour
of materials
in outer
: 34
See abstract
space.
459. 37
Production
: 34
vacuum. See abstract
of oxygen from silicates in ultrahigh
ntrmber461. 37 The effect of vacuum S-816 and Inconel550
: 34
on the fatigue and stress-rupture properties at 1500°F. See abstract number 462.
463. Degas, refine, reheat in one ladle. i USA) Anon, Iron Age, 196 124), Dee 1965,4%49.
f USA/
464. Oxygen rides in argon bubbles for degassing steel. Anon, Iron Age, I96 (24)) Dee 1965,87-91.
37 465. Dynamic mass spectrometers. E Blauth, Fviedr Vieweg and Sohn. (in German). 466. Physical metallurgy. R W Cahn (Editor), North-Holland
: 52
f Gcr,,~u,l?,j
Brartnschweig,
Books,
1965, 167 page\, 37
: 64
37
: 39
I I22 pages, 220s.
467. Application of vacuum in technology of concrete. AMA~iryan,IzvAkadNaukSSSR,TekhnNauk,I8(1),
I USSR)
1965, 57-70. 37 i Germa~7_vi
468. Heat treatment of metals under vacuum. A review with 34 references. K Werner, Technik, 20 (7/, 1965.472-477, (in Germart).
37 469. Vacuum degassing liquid steel in the hearth. I Spain) Degassing of melted steel to remove H,, OL, and N? is carried out by spraying, agitating, elevating and circulating it under vacuum. It is concluded on the basis of thermodynamic and kinetic calculations that the best degassingrange is I-IO mm Hg and that it is done most effectively on finely divided drops of steel. J A M Belda, Dyna, 40 l5), 1965.255-260. (‘it? Spani.sh). 37 470. Vacuum processes in speciality steel melting. I USA) Several methods of applying the principle of vacuum degassing to molten metals are described. C B Post and R C Leinbacb, Reg Tech Meetings Am Iron Steel Inst. 1964,195-232. 471. Removal of nitrogen and carbon in high temperature annealing of cold-rolled transformer steel. ( USSR) V E Kochnov ef al, Rqf Zh Met I, Metalloved i Term Ohrabotka,
1965, Abstr No 71421.
chemistry,
isotopic
gas
analysis 38 investiga-
38 479. High resistivity tantalum films. (Germa/lj,) The properties of thin Ta films have been determined with special consideration of influences due to the deposition process. It is shown that the resistivity and the temperature coefficient of sputtered films are strongly dependent on the sputtering voltage while the sputtering time and density produce essentially no changes. The observed phenomena are caused by a lower packing density of Ta films. H J Schiltze, Vakuum-Terhnik, 14 18), Dee 1965. 213-217, lit7 German) 38 480. Use of a hollow cathode for determining gases in solids by the isotope-balancing method. (USSR) A spectral-isotope method of determining gases in solids using a hollow-cathode discharge tube is described. A special attachment is provided to allow introduction of samples without breaking the vacuum. The operating conditions of the apparatus, including the isotope-balancing conditions and the conditions for the excitation of spectra, arc discussed. A preferred sequence of operations for efficient use of this method is laid down and preliminary experiments on the analysis of CO and N, are dcscrlbed; this gives a fair idea of the sensitivity of the method and precautions required to maintain this at a high level. The masking effects of residual gases can be eliminated by preliminary heat treatment of the cathode in pure helium. R R Shvangiradze et al, Zh Priklad Spelctro.,, 3 (41, Oc,/ 1965, 300, (in R/l.r.rtan/ 39. Miscellaneous
37 vacuum
organic
applications 39
16
Determination of elevated temperature fatigue data alloys in ultrahigh vacuum. See abstract number 360.
on refractory
Application
of vacuum in technology
of concrete.
See abstract
345. 39 : 20
39 : 37 number
46-l. 39
37 473. Vacuum degassing of molten steel in ladles and during ingot pouring. (USA) C W Finkl, A Fink1 and Sons Co, US Patent 3.206.302 (Cl 75-491, Sept 1965. .Appl2 Dee 1958and29 Maqll96/, 9pages. 37 474. Controlled degassing of molten steel. Anon, Standard-Mess0 Drrisburg Gesellschaft fuer Chemietechnik, mbHand Co, Patent, Neth Appl6,4/2,483 (Cl C22b), 21 May 1965. Gen Appl20 Nov 1963. lOpages. 37 475. High-speed quenching in vacuum. (Greut Britain) A R G Brown et al, J Inst Metals, Nov 1965,542-544. 37 476. The heat treatment and descaling of rolled wire in vacua. Investigations of the heat treatment (in presence of gases or vacuum) and annealing in vacua of wires made of chromium-nickel, chromium, roller-bearing and high speed steels. Effect of temperature on scale, ease of pickling, surface decarburization, and mechanical properties after drawing. F BleilSb and H Born, Stahlu Eiberr, 85(210), 21 Ott 1965, /3/l 1320, (in German). 158
: 41
number
37 472. Vacuum induction casting of beryllium. I USA) J L Frankeny, Modern Castings, 45 (6), 1965,348352.
:
Study of adhesion and cohesion in vacuum. See abstract
481. A flexural
fatigue machine resonance in vacuum. (USA)
for high-temperature
operation
at
A reversed-bending. high-temperature fatigue machine for operation at constant bending amplitude in vacuum has been developed. The vibration frequency is maintained at resonance by means of a feedback circuit employing a capacitance pick-up, and the amplitude of the vibration is maintained constant by another circuit. The resonant frequency is reduced as fatigue cracks arc developed. Curves of resonant frequency versus time at 800°C for 3 I6 stainless steel and Inconel X, illustrate the development of fatigue damage. (Author) M R Achter et al, Rep NRL-6275; AD-617915, Naval Research Lab, Washington, DC, June 1965.
IV. Materials technology 40. Gases
and
and techniques
used in vacuum
vapours 40:2l
Vapour
pressures of vacuum pump oils. See abstract
number
370.
:47