- Email: [email protected]
5593872 Enzymatic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes in a continuous reaction system using Candida boidinii
PatentsALERT
(gas/liquid mist) state. Fats, oils, greases and organic contaminates are converted into useful polar water soluble surfactants, detergents, wetting agents and emulsifiers and the excess organic surfactants, detergents, wetting agents, and emulsifiers are simultaneously converted into carbon dioxide,nitrogen, and water. The treated cleaning solution is reused as the cleaning solution in the original cleaning process from which the contaminated cleaner was obtained. The rinse water in the cleaning process becomes contaminated with dilute reused cleaning solution and is recycled by reverse osmosis to separate the rinse water and reconcentrate the cleaning solution. The reconcentrated cleaning solution is returned to the original cleaning process for reuse and the reverse osmosis product water is returned to the original rinse station for reuse.
5593030 COMPACT DISC HOLDER Tell Richard B Los Angeles, UNITED STATES A compact disk holder for storing a compact disk. The holder can be molded as a single piece from pulp fiber material made from recycled paper products. The holder features a panel having a hub with an inner cavity allowing the hub to elastically deform radially inwardly to releasably hold a disk by its mounting hole.
5593542 5593600
METHOD FOR RECOVERING FIBER FROM EFFLUENT STREAMS
METHOD OF DESANDING, DESALTING AND CONCENTRATING ORGANIC WASTES
Wolfer Ernest; Willemsen Bren; Maroju Venkat; Martiny Andres Allendale, NJ, UNITED STATES assigned to Marcal Paper Mills Inc
Solomon William E Cat-r, CO, UNITED STATES
A method for recovering fiber useful for papermaking from an effluent stream includes a primary process for treating an effluent stream to separate usable fiber from contrary matter, and secondary operations, supplementing the primary process, to treat the contrary matter rejected by the primary process to recover usable fibers contained in the reject matter. In addition, the secondary processing steps separate the reject material into organic and inorganic fractions, which may be usable in other processes. The method of the invention does not require the addition of water as do conventional processes, simplifies handling, disposal, and reduces the costs of disposal.
A method of recovering and converting organic waste material into more useful products. More specifically the organic waste is slurried with water, passed through hydrocyclones for desanding and desalting, then dewatered through a mechanical press. The dewatered, desalted solids can be used as soil ammnedment, peat substitute, growing media, fertilizer carrier, fuel for co-gen plants, or composted. The water may be reused for slurry, irrigation, or discarded.
5593872 5593598
ENZYMATIC OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS TO ALDEHYDES IN A CONTINUOUS REACTION SYSTEM USING CANDIDA BOIDINII
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CLOSED LOOP RECYCLING OF CONTAMINATED CLEANING SOLUTION McGinness Michael P; Short Warren UNITED STATES
Gabelman Alan; Luzio Gary A West Chester, OH, UNITED STATES assigned to Tastemaker
Pasadena, TX, A process for the enzymatic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes in a continuous reaction series is disclosed utilizing crude cellular methanol oxidase and catalase produced by an acceptable organism. The process maintains a steady-state aldehyde concentration whereby enzyme activity is promoted and side reactions are eliminated. In particular, the process has two reactors operating in series continuously producing a fermenter effluent containing growing, intact Candida boidinii cells at a cell concentration of about 0.5 to about 3% by weight of the effluent by continuous culture of the cells on a methanol carbon source, continuously introducing the effluent from the first reactor
An advanced oxidation process and apparatus for closed loop treating and recycling of cleaning solutions contaminated with used surfactants, fats, oils, greases, and inorganic and organic contaminates converts the contaminated cleaning solution into a reusable cleaning solution containing useful polar water soluble surfactants, detergents, wetting agents and emulsifiers. The contaminated cleaning solution is subjected to an ozone containing gas and alternating direct current. The reaction with ozone containing gas is carried out in a mixed vapor 178
J. Cleaner Prod.,
1997, Volume
5, Number
l-2
PatentsALERT
to the second reactor, adding an alcohol feed at about 0.2-10% w/w and oxygen to the second reactor, maintaining a steady-state aldehyde and alcohol concentration in the reaction mixture, the concentration of residual alcohol being about O. l-9% w/w by controlling the rates of introduction of effluent and alcohol feed.
5593886 CLOSTRIDIUM STAIN WHICH PRODUCES ACETIC ACID FROM WASTE GASES Gaddy James L Fayetteville, AR, UNITED STATES A method and apparatus for converting waste gases from industrial processes such as oil refining, carbon black, coke, ammonia, and methanol production, into useful products. The method includes introducing the waste gases into a bioreactor where they are fermented to various organic acids or alcohols by anaerobic bacteria within the bioreactor. These valuable end products are then recovered, separated and purified. In an exemplary recovery process, the bioreactor raffinate is passed through an extraction chamber into which one or more non-inhibitory solvents are simultaneously introduced to extract the product. Then, the product is separated from the solvent by distillation. Gas conversion rates can be maximized by use of centrifuges, hollow fiber membranes, or other means of ultrafiltration to return entrained anaerobic bacteria from the bioreactor raffinate to the bioreactor itself, thus insuring the highest possible cell concentration.
5595628 PRODUCTION OF PULP BY THE SODA-ANTHRAQUINONE PROCESS (SAP) WITH RECOVERY OF THE COOKING CHEMICALS
is improved by the use of sulfonic acid salts. For the recovery of the digesting chemicals contained in the black liquor, solubilized liquor is precipitated with mineral acid or carbon dioxide and the hemicelluloses are separated by ultra filtration. The resins are separated by extraction with the residual organic compounds, except for the sulfonates and carboxylics, being burned in an aqueous phase with air and/or oxygen. The solution of chemicals containing no further wood decomposition products can, by caustification of the carbonates, be transformed into caustic soda and after partial crystallization of the aliphatic carboxylics used for the cycle of pulp production. The sodium acetate isolated by crystallization can, by membrane electrolysis, be split into acetic acid and sodium hydroxide. The caustic soda is reintroduced to the digesting process, while the acetic acid is treated separately.
5595720 METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBER Arai Yuti, Miura Kunio; Nishikawa Toshihisa; Kawasaki, JAPAN assigned to Matsumoto Mitsuaki Nippon Steel Corporation; Nippon Steel Chemical Co Ltd A method for producing carbon fiber comprising applying an infusibilization to a pitch fiber yarn made using mesophase pitch as a starting material in a state with substantially no tension applied to the yarn and in an oxidizing gas atmosphere including nitrogen dioxide and oxygen, then sintering in an inert gas atmosphere of 350°C to less than 400°C for 10 minutes or more for primary carbonization, then applying secondary carbonization at a temperature of 800” to 1300” . for 5 to 120 seconds, while feeding out the yarn in the linear form and continuously transporting the same.
5595957
Gordon Otto W; Planner Eric; Doppenberg Frank Apples, SWITZERLAND assigned to Grant S A PCT No. PCT/CH93/00108 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 51994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 5, 1994 PCT Filed Apr. 30, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/22492 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 11, 1993. A process for the production of cellulose from wood and annual plants is provided where the digesting liquor contains free caustic soda, sodium salts of alkyl benzenesulfonic acids, and of aromatic or aliphatic carboxylic acids. By the addition of anthraquinone or its derivatives to the digesting liquor, the delignification is improved. Antbraquinone is resistant to wet oxidation and can be reintroduced into the digesting process. The solubility and, therefore, the effectiveness of anthraquinone
TURF AND SOIL DROUGHT STRESS TREATMENT COMPRISING A SILOXANE AND A POLYALKALENE OXIDE SURFACTANT Bowey Kenneth G; Baldwin Neil A Leders, UNITED KINGDOM assigned to Service Chemicals plc Turf or soil is treated to alleviate drought stress and soil capping and to improve soil water conservation by applying directly to the turf or soil a composition comprising an organosilicone and a polyalkylene oxide surfactant. J. Cleaner
Prod.,
1997, Volume
5, Number
1-2
179
(gas/liquid mist) state. Fats, oils, greases and organic contaminates are converted into useful polar water soluble surfactants, detergents, wetting agents and emulsifiers and the excess organic surfactants, detergents, wetting agents, and emulsifiers are simultaneously converted into carbon dioxide,nitrogen, and water. The treated cleaning solution is reused as the cleaning solution in the original cleaning process from which the contaminated cleaner was obtained. The rinse water in the cleaning process becomes contaminated with dilute reused cleaning solution and is recycled by reverse osmosis to separate the rinse water and reconcentrate the cleaning solution. The reconcentrated cleaning solution is returned to the original cleaning process for reuse and the reverse osmosis product water is returned to the original rinse station for reuse.
5593030 COMPACT DISC HOLDER Tell Richard B Los Angeles, UNITED STATES A compact disk holder for storing a compact disk. The holder can be molded as a single piece from pulp fiber material made from recycled paper products. The holder features a panel having a hub with an inner cavity allowing the hub to elastically deform radially inwardly to releasably hold a disk by its mounting hole.
5593542 5593600
METHOD FOR RECOVERING FIBER FROM EFFLUENT STREAMS
METHOD OF DESANDING, DESALTING AND CONCENTRATING ORGANIC WASTES
Wolfer Ernest; Willemsen Bren; Maroju Venkat; Martiny Andres Allendale, NJ, UNITED STATES assigned to Marcal Paper Mills Inc
Solomon William E Cat-r, CO, UNITED STATES
A method for recovering fiber useful for papermaking from an effluent stream includes a primary process for treating an effluent stream to separate usable fiber from contrary matter, and secondary operations, supplementing the primary process, to treat the contrary matter rejected by the primary process to recover usable fibers contained in the reject matter. In addition, the secondary processing steps separate the reject material into organic and inorganic fractions, which may be usable in other processes. The method of the invention does not require the addition of water as do conventional processes, simplifies handling, disposal, and reduces the costs of disposal.
A method of recovering and converting organic waste material into more useful products. More specifically the organic waste is slurried with water, passed through hydrocyclones for desanding and desalting, then dewatered through a mechanical press. The dewatered, desalted solids can be used as soil ammnedment, peat substitute, growing media, fertilizer carrier, fuel for co-gen plants, or composted. The water may be reused for slurry, irrigation, or discarded.
5593872 5593598
ENZYMATIC OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS TO ALDEHYDES IN A CONTINUOUS REACTION SYSTEM USING CANDIDA BOIDINII
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CLOSED LOOP RECYCLING OF CONTAMINATED CLEANING SOLUTION McGinness Michael P; Short Warren UNITED STATES
Gabelman Alan; Luzio Gary A West Chester, OH, UNITED STATES assigned to Tastemaker
Pasadena, TX, A process for the enzymatic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes in a continuous reaction series is disclosed utilizing crude cellular methanol oxidase and catalase produced by an acceptable organism. The process maintains a steady-state aldehyde concentration whereby enzyme activity is promoted and side reactions are eliminated. In particular, the process has two reactors operating in series continuously producing a fermenter effluent containing growing, intact Candida boidinii cells at a cell concentration of about 0.5 to about 3% by weight of the effluent by continuous culture of the cells on a methanol carbon source, continuously introducing the effluent from the first reactor
An advanced oxidation process and apparatus for closed loop treating and recycling of cleaning solutions contaminated with used surfactants, fats, oils, greases, and inorganic and organic contaminates converts the contaminated cleaning solution into a reusable cleaning solution containing useful polar water soluble surfactants, detergents, wetting agents and emulsifiers. The contaminated cleaning solution is subjected to an ozone containing gas and alternating direct current. The reaction with ozone containing gas is carried out in a mixed vapor 178
J. Cleaner Prod.,
1997, Volume
5, Number
l-2
PatentsALERT
to the second reactor, adding an alcohol feed at about 0.2-10% w/w and oxygen to the second reactor, maintaining a steady-state aldehyde and alcohol concentration in the reaction mixture, the concentration of residual alcohol being about O. l-9% w/w by controlling the rates of introduction of effluent and alcohol feed.
5593886 CLOSTRIDIUM STAIN WHICH PRODUCES ACETIC ACID FROM WASTE GASES Gaddy James L Fayetteville, AR, UNITED STATES A method and apparatus for converting waste gases from industrial processes such as oil refining, carbon black, coke, ammonia, and methanol production, into useful products. The method includes introducing the waste gases into a bioreactor where they are fermented to various organic acids or alcohols by anaerobic bacteria within the bioreactor. These valuable end products are then recovered, separated and purified. In an exemplary recovery process, the bioreactor raffinate is passed through an extraction chamber into which one or more non-inhibitory solvents are simultaneously introduced to extract the product. Then, the product is separated from the solvent by distillation. Gas conversion rates can be maximized by use of centrifuges, hollow fiber membranes, or other means of ultrafiltration to return entrained anaerobic bacteria from the bioreactor raffinate to the bioreactor itself, thus insuring the highest possible cell concentration.
5595628 PRODUCTION OF PULP BY THE SODA-ANTHRAQUINONE PROCESS (SAP) WITH RECOVERY OF THE COOKING CHEMICALS
is improved by the use of sulfonic acid salts. For the recovery of the digesting chemicals contained in the black liquor, solubilized liquor is precipitated with mineral acid or carbon dioxide and the hemicelluloses are separated by ultra filtration. The resins are separated by extraction with the residual organic compounds, except for the sulfonates and carboxylics, being burned in an aqueous phase with air and/or oxygen. The solution of chemicals containing no further wood decomposition products can, by caustification of the carbonates, be transformed into caustic soda and after partial crystallization of the aliphatic carboxylics used for the cycle of pulp production. The sodium acetate isolated by crystallization can, by membrane electrolysis, be split into acetic acid and sodium hydroxide. The caustic soda is reintroduced to the digesting process, while the acetic acid is treated separately.
5595720 METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBER Arai Yuti, Miura Kunio; Nishikawa Toshihisa; Kawasaki, JAPAN assigned to Matsumoto Mitsuaki Nippon Steel Corporation; Nippon Steel Chemical Co Ltd A method for producing carbon fiber comprising applying an infusibilization to a pitch fiber yarn made using mesophase pitch as a starting material in a state with substantially no tension applied to the yarn and in an oxidizing gas atmosphere including nitrogen dioxide and oxygen, then sintering in an inert gas atmosphere of 350°C to less than 400°C for 10 minutes or more for primary carbonization, then applying secondary carbonization at a temperature of 800” to 1300” . for 5 to 120 seconds, while feeding out the yarn in the linear form and continuously transporting the same.
5595957
Gordon Otto W; Planner Eric; Doppenberg Frank Apples, SWITZERLAND assigned to Grant S A PCT No. PCT/CH93/00108 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 51994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 5, 1994 PCT Filed Apr. 30, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/22492 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 11, 1993. A process for the production of cellulose from wood and annual plants is provided where the digesting liquor contains free caustic soda, sodium salts of alkyl benzenesulfonic acids, and of aromatic or aliphatic carboxylic acids. By the addition of anthraquinone or its derivatives to the digesting liquor, the delignification is improved. Antbraquinone is resistant to wet oxidation and can be reintroduced into the digesting process. The solubility and, therefore, the effectiveness of anthraquinone
TURF AND SOIL DROUGHT STRESS TREATMENT COMPRISING A SILOXANE AND A POLYALKALENE OXIDE SURFACTANT Bowey Kenneth G; Baldwin Neil A Leders, UNITED KINGDOM assigned to Service Chemicals plc Turf or soil is treated to alleviate drought stress and soil capping and to improve soil water conservation by applying directly to the turf or soil a composition comprising an organosilicone and a polyalkylene oxide surfactant. J. Cleaner
Prod.,
1997, Volume
5, Number
1-2
179