- Email: [email protected]
A knee height growth chart for children
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NONDAY,OCT(IBER22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
POSTERSESSION:EDUCATIONAND BEHAVIORALSTRATEGIES/MEDICALNUTRITIONTHERAPY TITLE: Got 5? Nutrition for Kids: A novel school-based program to enhance vegetable and fruit intake. AUTHOR(S):M Fanelli Kuczmarski, PhD, RD, Professor, L Aljadir, MS, RD, Associate Professor, C E Vickery, PhD, RD, Professor, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Delaware LEARNING OUTCOME:
Participant will identify creative ways to enhance young school children's' consumption of vegetables and fruits. ABSTRACT TEXT: Exposure to the taste of vegetables and fruits early in life may be an enhancement to consumption. An objective o f this research was to provide children the opportunity to taste unfamiliar foods, thereby prompting their willingness to try new foods and improving their fruit and vegetable consumption. Got 5? Nutrition for Kids, a nutrition education program consisting o f 5 biweekly sessions, was implemented with 79-second graders. For 4 of the 5 sessions, children were taught a nutrition lesson and then tasted foods. Registered dietitians and the teachers selected the items for the first 3 tasting sessions (1-fruits; 2vegetables; 3-international foods), while the children selected 5 recipes from the Dole Fun with Fruits & Vegetables Kids Cookbook to taste during the last session. Before tasting an item, the children were asked if they had tasted the food before. About 50% of the children had never tasted 22 of the 25 foods. After tasting the foods, the children were asked to rate each item using hedonic scales. If they chose not to taste a food they needed to provide a reason. Surprisingly, about 90% of the children tasted all the foods. Those items receiving the highest rating (I liked it and would eat this food again) included: fruit smoothie, kiwi, grape tomatoes, tofu pizza, apple and cheese kabobs, fruit salsa, shimmering tropical fruit, and fruit 'n' juice breakfast shake. Willingness to taste fruits or vegetables, as determined by the parents, correlated positively to the hedonic scales for selected items. The nutrition education program was effective as documented by the parents' post evaluation and the children's food intake records.
TITLE: Macronatrient Intake during the Pre-Onset, Acute, and Post WeightRecovery Period in Women with Anorexia Nervosa: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. AUTHOR(S): SG Affenito,PhD,RD ], RH Striegel-Moore,PhD ,FA Dohm,PhD ', SR Daniels, MD, PhD 2, GB Schreiber, DSc3, P Crawford, DrPh, RD 4 ~Wesleyan Univ., Middletown, CT., 2Children's Hosp. Med. Center, Cincinnati, OH.,3Westat, Inc. Rockville, MD, 4Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA. LEARNING OUTCOME:To describe macronutrient intake in women with anorexia nervosa during the pre-onset, acute, and post weight recovery period. ABSTRACT TEXTiCross-scctional studies have reported poor macmffutrient intake in persons with anorexia nervosa (AN). This report describes macronutrient intake of women with AN using longitudinal data from pre-onset to weight restoration. Data were utilized from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) and NGHS-Wave 2. NGHS is a 10year longitudinal, multi-site study designed to identify cardiovascular disease risk factors in a cohort of Black (n=1213) and White girls (n= 1166), ages 9 or 10 at study entry. Nutrition data were obtained annually during years 1-5, 7, 8, and 10 using a validated 3-day food record. Wave-2 invited all NGHS participants for a study of risk factors for eating disorders. Using a two stage case identification method and clinical interview, Wave-2 participants (response rate: 89%) were interviewed by phone (stage 1) and in person (stage 2) to determine presence of an eating disorder. All AN diagnosed eases (n=15) were White (mean age onset =15.4 years), Utilizing a control design (matching for study site, age at entry, and parental education), AN macronutrient intake was compared with healthy controls (n=405) one year prior to AN (pre-onset; n=13), during acute AN (n=7), and post weight recovery (n=7). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to compare maeronatrient intake. During the pre-onset, acute, and post weight recovery periods, AN consumed significantly (p<0.0 l) less total fat (% energy) than controls. In addition to reduced total fat in the acute period, as expected, the most remarkable differences in macronutrient intake occurred during this phase as shown by significantly (p<0.0l) lower energy (33% less kcal) and increased protein (% energy) in AN compared to controls. In working with young women, dietetics professionals should examine maeronutrient intake to potentially identify those at risk for AN and to assist in counseling those with AN during acute and weight restoration periods.
A-56 / September 2001 Supplement Volume 101 Number 9
TITLE: A KNEE HEIGHT GROWTH CHART FOR CHILDREN AUTHOR(S).S.M. Ekvall, Ph.D., RD0 LD, University Affiliated Cincinnati Center ibr Developmental Disorders/Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; and former Graduate Students/Trainees V. Laffert, J. Frondorf, K. Rittmeyer, T. Janecko, V. Ekvall, S. Johnston, and T. White LEARNING OUTCOME To use knee height o f children o f various ages times a factor to determine height or in lieu of height. ABSTRACT TEXT: A total of 782 subjects aged 0-251 months (males=376, females=406) were studied cross-sectionally. Anthropometric measurements were obtained according to standardized procedures. Data was divided into two groups o f children 0-36 months and 2-2l years and analyzed using the SAS statistical analysis package. Pearson correlation values were determined for measurements, knee height, age and height. Viable growth charts were developed for males and females 0-36 months and 2-21 years for knee height. Significant correlations were found between knee height and height (r=0.96 and r=0.96) for both males and females, respectively, for age 2-21 years. Significant correlations were also found between knee height (males r=0.92 and females r=0.87) and age, the 2 - 21 years age group, For the children 0-36 months o f age, knee height was moderately correlated to height (males r=0.82 and females r=0.89) as well as to age (males r=0.77 and females r=0.88). The strong correlation between knee height with height and age for the 2-21 years age group and moderately high correlation for knee height and with height and with age for the 0-36 months age group, support the validity o f using knee height measurements to determine height when traditional measurement techniques are not possible or inconvenient. The knee height growth charts developed appear to be viable tools for assessing changes in height in children.
TITLE: FACTORS PREDISPOSING BODY IMAGE DISSATISFACTION IN CHILDREN AND PREADOLESCENTS AUTHOR(S): L. Stockman, MS, RD, LD, CEDS, Forrest General Hospital, Hattiesburg, MS and W.E. Billon, PhD, RD The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS. LEARNING OUTCOME: To determine factors that influence body image dissatisfaction in children and preadolescents. ABSTRACT TEXT: For the purpose of this study, body image dissatisfaction (BID) is defined as the body dysphoria (mood o f general dissatisfaction, unpleasantness, restlessness, amdety, discomfort, and unhappiness) that grows out of body image concerns and is considered to be an indicator o f future disordered eating. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence BID in children in the elementary grades. Third through eighth grade students in a county school system were surveyed using the Body Image and Eating Questionnaire for Children previously developed. A sample of 195 children participated in the study (83 males, 112 females, 49 African-American, 131 Caucasian, and 15 from other backgrounds). A composite of questions from the survey tool comprised the dependent variable, BID. The questions used as independent variables included grade, gender, race, the number of parents residing in the home, and advice given by others on weight control and body image (parents, teachers, coaches, siblings, friends, the media, and health professionals). Using regression analysis, a significant positive relationship was found between BID and grade level (p = .002). BID was also significantly related to gender (p = .0001). The BID score for girls was 4.3 compared to 2.0 for boys (the possible score was 0-5). Evidence of BID was seen in early, elementary grades and suggests that prevention and education related to the development of body image should begin at an early age. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None
NONDAY,OCT(IBER22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
POSTERSESSION:EDUCATIONAND BEHAVIORALSTRATEGIES/MEDICALNUTRITIONTHERAPY TITLE: Got 5? Nutrition for Kids: A novel school-based program to enhance vegetable and fruit intake. AUTHOR(S):M Fanelli Kuczmarski, PhD, RD, Professor, L Aljadir, MS, RD, Associate Professor, C E Vickery, PhD, RD, Professor, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Delaware LEARNING OUTCOME:
Participant will identify creative ways to enhance young school children's' consumption of vegetables and fruits. ABSTRACT TEXT: Exposure to the taste of vegetables and fruits early in life may be an enhancement to consumption. An objective o f this research was to provide children the opportunity to taste unfamiliar foods, thereby prompting their willingness to try new foods and improving their fruit and vegetable consumption. Got 5? Nutrition for Kids, a nutrition education program consisting o f 5 biweekly sessions, was implemented with 79-second graders. For 4 of the 5 sessions, children were taught a nutrition lesson and then tasted foods. Registered dietitians and the teachers selected the items for the first 3 tasting sessions (1-fruits; 2vegetables; 3-international foods), while the children selected 5 recipes from the Dole Fun with Fruits & Vegetables Kids Cookbook to taste during the last session. Before tasting an item, the children were asked if they had tasted the food before. About 50% of the children had never tasted 22 of the 25 foods. After tasting the foods, the children were asked to rate each item using hedonic scales. If they chose not to taste a food they needed to provide a reason. Surprisingly, about 90% of the children tasted all the foods. Those items receiving the highest rating (I liked it and would eat this food again) included: fruit smoothie, kiwi, grape tomatoes, tofu pizza, apple and cheese kabobs, fruit salsa, shimmering tropical fruit, and fruit 'n' juice breakfast shake. Willingness to taste fruits or vegetables, as determined by the parents, correlated positively to the hedonic scales for selected items. The nutrition education program was effective as documented by the parents' post evaluation and the children's food intake records.
TITLE: Macronatrient Intake during the Pre-Onset, Acute, and Post WeightRecovery Period in Women with Anorexia Nervosa: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. AUTHOR(S): SG Affenito,PhD,RD ], RH Striegel-Moore,PhD ,FA Dohm,PhD ', SR Daniels, MD, PhD 2, GB Schreiber, DSc3, P Crawford, DrPh, RD 4 ~Wesleyan Univ., Middletown, CT., 2Children's Hosp. Med. Center, Cincinnati, OH.,3Westat, Inc. Rockville, MD, 4Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA. LEARNING OUTCOME:To describe macronutrient intake in women with anorexia nervosa during the pre-onset, acute, and post weight recovery period. ABSTRACT TEXTiCross-scctional studies have reported poor macmffutrient intake in persons with anorexia nervosa (AN). This report describes macronutrient intake of women with AN using longitudinal data from pre-onset to weight restoration. Data were utilized from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) and NGHS-Wave 2. NGHS is a 10year longitudinal, multi-site study designed to identify cardiovascular disease risk factors in a cohort of Black (n=1213) and White girls (n= 1166), ages 9 or 10 at study entry. Nutrition data were obtained annually during years 1-5, 7, 8, and 10 using a validated 3-day food record. Wave-2 invited all NGHS participants for a study of risk factors for eating disorders. Using a two stage case identification method and clinical interview, Wave-2 participants (response rate: 89%) were interviewed by phone (stage 1) and in person (stage 2) to determine presence of an eating disorder. All AN diagnosed eases (n=15) were White (mean age onset =15.4 years), Utilizing a control design (matching for study site, age at entry, and parental education), AN macronutrient intake was compared with healthy controls (n=405) one year prior to AN (pre-onset; n=13), during acute AN (n=7), and post weight recovery (n=7). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to compare maeronatrient intake. During the pre-onset, acute, and post weight recovery periods, AN consumed significantly (p<0.0 l) less total fat (% energy) than controls. In addition to reduced total fat in the acute period, as expected, the most remarkable differences in macronutrient intake occurred during this phase as shown by significantly (p<0.0l) lower energy (33% less kcal) and increased protein (% energy) in AN compared to controls. In working with young women, dietetics professionals should examine maeronutrient intake to potentially identify those at risk for AN and to assist in counseling those with AN during acute and weight restoration periods.
A-56 / September 2001 Supplement Volume 101 Number 9
TITLE: A KNEE HEIGHT GROWTH CHART FOR CHILDREN AUTHOR(S).S.M. Ekvall, Ph.D., RD0 LD, University Affiliated Cincinnati Center ibr Developmental Disorders/Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; and former Graduate Students/Trainees V. Laffert, J. Frondorf, K. Rittmeyer, T. Janecko, V. Ekvall, S. Johnston, and T. White LEARNING OUTCOME To use knee height o f children o f various ages times a factor to determine height or in lieu of height. ABSTRACT TEXT: A total of 782 subjects aged 0-251 months (males=376, females=406) were studied cross-sectionally. Anthropometric measurements were obtained according to standardized procedures. Data was divided into two groups o f children 0-36 months and 2-2l years and analyzed using the SAS statistical analysis package. Pearson correlation values were determined for measurements, knee height, age and height. Viable growth charts were developed for males and females 0-36 months and 2-21 years for knee height. Significant correlations were found between knee height and height (r=0.96 and r=0.96) for both males and females, respectively, for age 2-21 years. Significant correlations were also found between knee height (males r=0.92 and females r=0.87) and age, the 2 - 21 years age group, For the children 0-36 months o f age, knee height was moderately correlated to height (males r=0.82 and females r=0.89) as well as to age (males r=0.77 and females r=0.88). The strong correlation between knee height with height and age for the 2-21 years age group and moderately high correlation for knee height and with height and with age for the 0-36 months age group, support the validity o f using knee height measurements to determine height when traditional measurement techniques are not possible or inconvenient. The knee height growth charts developed appear to be viable tools for assessing changes in height in children.
TITLE: FACTORS PREDISPOSING BODY IMAGE DISSATISFACTION IN CHILDREN AND PREADOLESCENTS AUTHOR(S): L. Stockman, MS, RD, LD, CEDS, Forrest General Hospital, Hattiesburg, MS and W.E. Billon, PhD, RD The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS. LEARNING OUTCOME: To determine factors that influence body image dissatisfaction in children and preadolescents. ABSTRACT TEXT: For the purpose of this study, body image dissatisfaction (BID) is defined as the body dysphoria (mood o f general dissatisfaction, unpleasantness, restlessness, amdety, discomfort, and unhappiness) that grows out of body image concerns and is considered to be an indicator o f future disordered eating. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence BID in children in the elementary grades. Third through eighth grade students in a county school system were surveyed using the Body Image and Eating Questionnaire for Children previously developed. A sample of 195 children participated in the study (83 males, 112 females, 49 African-American, 131 Caucasian, and 15 from other backgrounds). A composite of questions from the survey tool comprised the dependent variable, BID. The questions used as independent variables included grade, gender, race, the number of parents residing in the home, and advice given by others on weight control and body image (parents, teachers, coaches, siblings, friends, the media, and health professionals). Using regression analysis, a significant positive relationship was found between BID and grade level (p = .002). BID was also significantly related to gender (p = .0001). The BID score for girls was 4.3 compared to 2.0 for boys (the possible score was 0-5). Evidence of BID was seen in early, elementary grades and suggests that prevention and education related to the development of body image should begin at an early age. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None