A NASAL MASK FOR OXYGEN ADMINISTRATION

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XBD=1358XHG=783 XBD=392 XBD=467 XBD=561 XBD=711 XBD=768 XBD=891 XBD=1045 XBD=1156 XBD=1237 XHG=224 XHG=407 XHG=484 XHG=578 XHG=729 XHG=909YBD=344 XHG=1060 XHG=1171 XHG=1255 YBD=347 YBD=337 YBD=345 YBD=336 YBD=345 YBD=337YHG=305>time, YBD=338 YHG=305>position YHG=305>for YHG=315>any YHG=305>length YHG=305>of YHG=305>except YHG=306>with YHG=306>the YHG=306>most XBD=536cooperative XBD=747 XBD=878 XBD=1033 XBD=1161 XBD=1358 XHG=498 XHG=565 XHG=799 XHG=908YBD=379 XHG=1063 XHG=1191 YBD=386 YBD=379 YBD=379YHG=347>One YBD=387 YHG=347>of YHG=346>patients. YHG=347>would YHG=348>have YHG=347>thought XBD=314 XHG=840 XBD=357 XBD=486 XBD=607 XBD=667 XBD=823 XBD=965 XBD=1031 XBD=1168 XBD=1358 XHG=225 XHG=332 XHG=376 XHG=504 XHG=629 XHG=685 XHG=985YBD=421 XHG=1051 XHG=1186 YBD=429 YBD=421 YBD=430YHG=389>would YBD=421 YHG=389>that YHG=399>a YHG=389>small YHG=388>piece YHG=388>of YHG=388>tubing YHG=390>be YHG=389>easily YHG=389>retained XBD=362 XHG=810 XBD=445 XBD=613 XBD=705 XBD=789 XBD=925 XBD=1135 XBD=1226 XBD=1289 XBD=1360 XHG=225 XHG=379 XHG=466 XHG=633 XHG=723 XHG=942YBD=471 XHG=1154 XHG=1245 XHG=1307 YBD=465 YBD=469 YBD=463 YBD=464 YBD=463YHG=430>slight YBD=464 YHG=431>within YHG=431>the YHG=431>nostril, YHG=430>but YHG=430>the YHG=430>irritation YHG=432>due YHG=431>to YHG=431>its XBD=1550XHG=882 XBD=1667 XBD=1840 XBD=1914 XBD=1997 XBD=2303 XBD=2355 XBD=2499 XHG=1470YBD=506 XHG=1566 XHG=1683 XHG=1856 XHG=1931 XHG=2019 XHG=2320 XHG=2371 YBD=499YHG=473>to YBD=498 YBD=497 YBD=496 YHG=465>The YHG=465>ideal YHG=464>method YHG=465>for YHG=464>the YHG=464>administration YHG=463>of YHG=473>oxygen XBD=401 XBD=577 XBD=672 XBD=854 XBD=926 XBD=1026 XBD=1117 XBD=1249 XBD=1360 XHG=226 XHG=432 XHG=606 XHG=703 XHG=955 XHG=1057 XHG=1146 XHG=1300 YBD=515 YBD=505 YBD=513 YBD=505 YBD=506 YHG=483>presence YHG=472>tempts YHG=473>the YHG=473>patient YHG=474>rub YHG=474>his YHG=484>nose. YHG=474>No XBD=1559 XBD=1747 XBD=1952 XBD=2057 XBD=2263 XBD=2315 XBD=2499 XHG=1423 XHG=1577 XHG=1764 XHG=1967 XHG=2074 XHG=2279 XHG=2329 YBD=547 YBD=546 YBD=545 YBD=553 YBD=543 YBD=552 YHG=512>should YHG=512>combine YHG=512>efficiency YHG=511>with YHG=510>simplicity YHG=510>of YHG=511>operation XBD=369 XHG=782 XBD=482 XBD=574 XBD=695 XBD=755 XBD=936 XBD=1065 XBD=1259 XBD=1363 XHG=227 XHG=396 XHG=508 XHG=602 XHG=722 XHG=963YBD=548 XHG=1090 XHG=1284 YBD=547 YBD=548 YBD=556YHG=516>secured YBD=554 YHG=516>matter YHG=516>how YHG=515>the YHG=515>tube YHG=515>is YHG=515>most YHG=515>patients YHG=516>will XBD=395 XBD=479 XBD=638 XBD=701 XBD=945 XBD=1073 XBD=1206 XBD=1362 XHG=229 XHG=433 XHG=529 XHG=676 XHG=983 XHG=1110 XHG=1243 YBD=597 YBD=590 YBD=589 YBD=590 YBD=591 YBD=598 YHG=557>displace YHG=557>it. YHG=557>After YHG=567>a YHG=557>trial YHG=558>with YHG=567>many XBD=1503XHG=739 XBD=1684 XBD=1745 XBD=1831 XBD=2007 XBD=2137 XBD=2193 XBD=2273 XBD=2448 XBD=2500 XHG=1425YBD=598 XHG=1523 XHG=1704 XHG=1765 XHG=1852 XHG=2053 XHG=2157 XHG=2212 XHG=2292 XHG=2466 YBD=594YHG=557>prolonged YBD=593 YBD=601 YBD=592 YBD=590 YBD=589 YHG=559>and YHG=559>comfort YHG=559>of YHG=559>the YHG=559>patient. YHG=559>Few YHG=558>of YHG=557>the YHG=556>methods YHG=559>at

A NASAL MASK FOR OXYGEN

ADMINISTRATION

" XBD=405 XBD=605 XBD=694 XBD=869 XBD=958 XBD=1024 XBD=1112 XBD=1244 XHG=229 XHG=429 XHG=628 XHG=719 XHG=985 XHG=1046 XHG=1137 XHG=1268 YBD=631 YBD=631 YBD=632 YBD=631 YHG=599>different YHG=599>methods YHG=599>the YHG=599>routine YHG=600>of YHG=600>the YHG=600>nasal YHG=599>tube " XBD=1361 XBD=1576XHG=892 XBD=1795 XBD=1963 XBD=2100 XBD=2280 XBD=2438 XBD=2501 XHG=1424YBD=632 XHG=1611 XHG=1831 XHG=1997 XHG=2134 XHG=2335 XHG=2468 YBD=651YHG=609>use YBD=647 YBD=639 YBD=638 YBD=646 YBD=637 YHG=607>present YHG=604>available YHG=605>satisfy YHG=605>these YHG=604>criteria. YHG=602>Many YHG=604>of

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YHG=725>costs YHG=725>about YHG=726>6d. YHG=735>per YHG=725>hour. XBD=1590 XBD=1680 XBD=1915 XBD=2146 XBD=2271 XBD=2387 XBD=2502 XHG=1426 XHG=1617 XHG=1706 XHG=1941 XHG=2196 XHG=2294 XHG=2410 YBD=782 YBD=780 YBD=789 YBD=781 YBD=779 YHG=746>fortable YHG=757>are YHG=745>hopelessly YHG=746>inefficient. YHG=746>The YHG=745>nasal YHG=745>mask " XBD=1364 XBD=729 CoopefeoM.―The XBD=999 XBD=1110 XBD=1167 XHG=640 XHG=756 XHG=1021YBD=807 XHG=1134 XHG=1190 YBD=808 YBD=799YHG=767>cooperation YBD=807 YHG=767>only YHG=767>that YHG=767>is YHG=767>required XBD=1623 XBD=1739 XBD=1857 XBD=1953 XBD=2028 XBD=2152 XBD=2215 XBD=2337 XHG=1429 XHG=1649 XHG=1768 XHG=1886 XHG=1982 XHG=2056 XHG=2178 XHG=2242 XHG=2361 YBD=836 YBD=828 YBD=826 YBD=827 YBD=835 YHG=794>described YHG=793>here YHG=803>may YHG=794>not YHG=794>be YHG=793>ideal YHG=793>in YHG=792>these YHG=794>respects "" XBD=2503 XBD=264 XHG=797 XBD=370 XBD=452 XBD=562 XBD=716 XBD=780 XBD=868 XBD=1005 XBD=1108 XBD=1194 XBD=1365 XHG=230 XHG=280 XHG=385 XHG=469 XHG=581 XHG=733 XHG=883YBD=841 XHG=1055 XHG=1123 XHG=1210 YBD=840 YBD=841 YBD=841YHG=809>left YBD=848 YHG=808>is YHG=808>that YHG=809>the YHG=809>tube YHG=809>should YHG=809>be YHG=809>alone. YHG=810>As YHG=809>has YHG=808>already XBD=1500 XBD=1573 XBD=1698 XBD=1761 XBD=1859 XBD=2030 XBD=2278 XBD=2384 XHG=1428 XHG=1532 XHG=1603 XHG=1729 XHG=1790 XHG=1891 XHG=2060 XHG=2306 XHG=2410 YBD=876 YBD=884 YBD=875 YBD=874 YHG=841>but YHG=843>at YHG=841>least YHG=841>it YHG=840>has YHG=841>certain YHG=841>advantages YHG=851>over YHG=840>other " XBD=2503 XBD=330 XHG=875 XBD=574 XBD=685 XBD=747 XBD=845 XBD=991 XBD=1064 XBD=1164 XBD=1233 XBD=1366 XHG=233 XHG=360 XHG=605 XHG=714 XHG=778 XHG=1020YBD=883 XHG=1093 XHG=1195 XHG=1264 YBD=891 YBD=882 YBD=883YHG=851>much YBD=882 YHG=851>been YHG=851>explained, YHG=851>this YHG=852>is YHG=851>too YHG=851>to YHG=850>ask YHG=850>of YHG=849>most XHG=1427 YBD=924 YHG=887>methods. " XBD=1613 XBD=411 XHG=229 YBD=933 YHG=892>patients. 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XBD=1747 XBD=1503 XBD=1627 XHG=1434 XHG=1528 XHG=1653 YBD=1259 YBD=1260 YHG=1225>We YHG=1226>have YHG=1227>used XBD=335 XHG=837 XBD=482 XBD=632 XBD=738 XBD=820 XBD=974 XBD=1015 XBD=1049 XBD=1370 XHG=236 XHG=350 XHG=498 XHG=648 XHG=754 XHG=983YBD=1264 XHG=1025 XHG=1064 YBD=1265 YBD=1272 YBD=1263 YBD=1263YHG=1232>mouth YHG=1232>filter YHG=1233>funnel YHG=1233>placed YHG=1243>near YHG=1232>the YHG=1232>is YHG=1242>a YHG=1231>time-honoured XBD=1524XHG=798 XBD=1744 XHG=1434 XHG=1573 YBD=1307 YBD=1308 YHG=1273>this YHG=1273>characXBD=456 XBD=542 XBD=589 XBD=673 XBD=784 XBD=929 XBD=1160 XBD=1263 XBD=1370 XHG=237 XHG=471 XHG=555 XHG=602 XHG=687 XHG=941YBD=1306 XHG=1173 XHG=1277 YBD=1314 YBD=1305 YBD=1314 YBD=1305YHG=1274>shown YBD=1313 YHG=1275>procedure, YHG=1275>but YHG=1274>it YHG=1275>has YHG=1275>been YHG=1273>repeatedly YHG=1273>that YHG=1283>very XBD=1648XHG=878 XBD=1747 XHG=1435 XHG=1697 YBD=1355 YBD=1354 YHG=1321>teristic YHG=1321>of XBD=349 XBD=405 XBD=519 XBD=587 XBD=676 XBD=855 XBD=992 XBD=1102 XBD=1280 XBD=1371 XHG=234 XHG=374 XHG=429 XHG=547 XHG=610 XHG=705 XHG=1016 XHG=1127 XHG=1304 YBD=1354 YBD=1356 YBD=1347 YBD=1355 YBD=1347 YBD=1346 YHG=1315>little, YHG=1315>if YHG=1326>any, YHG=1316>of YHG=1316>the YHG=1326>oxygen YHG=1317>given YHG=1325>ever YHG=1315>reaches YHG=1315>the

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XBD=1749 XBD=1520 XBD=1581 XHG=1436 YBD=1600 XHG=1541 XHG=1602 YBD=1590 YHG=1567>oxygen YBD=1589 YHG=1557>tion YHG=1556>of / XBD=1491XHG=675 XBD=1601 XBD=1752 XHG=1438YBD=1647 XHG=1533 XHG=1643 YBD=1646YHG=1612>Conclusions YBD=1637 YHG=1604>by YHG=1603>the YHG=1605>nasal XBD=952 XBD=1601 XHG=1654 XBD=1750 XHG=1438 YBD=1686 YBD=1687 YHG=1651>The YHG=1653>route. XBD=345 XBD=451 XBD=781 XBD=1120 XBD=1195 XBD=1376 XHG=295 XHG=372 XHG=815 XHG=1155 XHG=1228 YBD=1725 YBD=1716 YBD=1718 YBD=1717 YBD=1728 YHG=1684>(1) YHG=1682>The YHG=1684>administration YHG=1684>of YHG=1694>oxygen XBD=1644XHG=484 XBD=1750 XHG=1440YBD=1717 XHG=1695 YBD=1742YHG=1682>indiscriminate YBD=1733 YHG=1699>principles YHG=1700>inXBD=286 XHG=741 XBD=387 XBD=557 XBD=663 XBD=718 XBD=929 XBD=1028 XBD=1200 XBD=1263 XBD=1315 XBD=1376 XHG=244 XHG=311 XHG=408 XHG=578 XHG=686 XHG=952YBD=1774 XHG=1051 XHG=1222 XHG=1283 XHG=1337 YBD=1763 YBD=1772 YBD=1765 YBD=1764 YBD=1765 YBD=1773YHG=1732>cyanosed YBD=1765 YHG=1731>to YHG=1740>any YHG=1730>patient YHG=1730>who YHG=1731>is YHG=1732>and YHG=1731>acutely YHG=1732>ill YHG=1732>is YHG=1731>in XBD=1622 XBD=1751 XHG=1440 XHG=1672 YBD=1781 YBD=1780 YHG=1747>volved YHG=1757>are XBD=333 XBD=589 XBD=673 XBD=765 XBD=1006 XBD=1209 XBD=1285 XBD=1377 XHG=244 XHG=358 XHG=613 XHG=697 XHG=791 XHG=1031 XHG=1235 XHG=1310 YBD=1819 YBD=1811 YBD=1822 YBD=1812 YHG=1779>part YHG=1777>responsible YHG=1778>for YHG=1777>the YHG=1778>conflicting YHG=1779>evidence YHG=1790>on XBD=1583 XHG=1646 XBD=1752 XHG=1439 YBD=1836 YHG=1778>the YHG=1794>simple. YHG=1793>They XBD=358 XHG=633 XBD=427 XBD=605 XBD=807 XBD=1017 XBD=1182 XBD=1301 XBD=1378 XHG=246 XHG=387 XHG=457 XHG=862YBD=1868 XHG=1047 XHG=1211 XHG=1329 YBD=1858 YBD=1870 YBD=1869YHG=1824>therapy. YBD=1860 YHG=1824>value YHG=1824>of YHG=1835>oxygen YHG=1825>Oxygen YHG=1825>should YHG=1826>only YHG=1826>be XBD=1503 XBD=1752 XHG=1440 XHG=1545 YBD=1874 YHG=1851>are YHG=1841>somewhat XBD=358 XBD=503 XBD=646 XBD=712 XBD=772 XBD=1025 XBD=1302 XBD=1379 XHG=246 XHG=393 XHG=538 XHG=681 XHG=805 XHG=1062 XHG=1339 YBD=1916 YBD=1906 YBD=1908 YBD=1916 YBD=1907 YHG=1872>given YHG=1871>when YHG=1871>there YHG=1873>is YHG=1883>a YHG=1874>reasonable YHG=1873>expectation YHG=1874>of XBD=1647XHG=750 XBD=1752 XHG=1440 XHG=1701 YBD=1923 YBD=1922 YHG=1888>similar YHG=1891>to XBD=1928 XBD=2081 XBD=2183 XBD=2285 XBD=2328 XBD=2473 XHG=1850 XHG=1947 XHG=2096 XHG=2198 XHG=2297 XHG=2346 YBD=1947 YBD=1949 YBD=1948 YBD=1951 YBD=1955 YHG=1922>FIG. YHG=1922>3.-The YHG=1923>nasal YHG=1923>mask YHG=1925>in XBD=425 XBD=657 XBD=822 XBD=1003 XBD=1048 XBD=1133 XBD=1186 XBD=1379 XHG=244 XHG=439 XHG=684 XHG=832 XHG=1015 XHG=1061 XHG=1144 XHG=1202 YBD=1962 YBD=1955 YBD=1954 YBD=1963 YBD=1954 YHG=1919>relieving YHG=1920>anoxaemia. YHG=1919>Where YHG=1921>cyanosis YHG=1921>is YHG=1921>due YHG=1922>to YHG=1920>localised XBD=1550 XHG=1600 XBD=1753 XHG=1438 YBD=1969 YHG=1923>position. YHG=1936>those YHG=1935>utilised XBD=520 XHG=701 XBD=596 XBD=668 XBD=878 XBD=1072 XBD=1144 XBD=1242 XBD=1378 XHG=246 XHG=553 XHG=627 XHG=911YBD=2000 XHG=1104 XHG=1175 XHG=1273 YBD=2001 YBD=2010 YBD=2001YHG=1966>localised YBD=2009 YHG=1966>consolidation YHG=1977>or YHG=1968>to YHG=1968>collapse YHG=1968>of YHG=1967>the YHG=1967>lung, XBD=1480 XBD=1562 XBD=1754 XHG=1439 XHG=1495 XHG=1581 YBD=2016 YHG=1983>in YHG=1982>the YHG=1982>Haldane it XBD=364 XBD=521 XBD=586 XBD=763 XBD=830 XBD=1003 XBD=1191 XBD=1379 XHG=294 XHG=380 XHG=537 XHG=599 XHG=777 XHG=846 XHG=1054 XHG=1207 YBD=2048 YBD=2057 YBD=2058 YBD=2049 YBD=2058 YHG=2024>can YHG=2013>seldom YHG=2013>be YHG=2014>relieved YHG=2014>by YHG=2024>oxygen. YHG=2014>Where XBD=1561 XHG=2438 XBD=1766 XBD=1833 XBD=1940 XBD=2055 XBD=2115 XBD=2221 XBD=2355 XBD=2414 XBD=2513 XHG=1441 YBD=2073 XHG=1611 XHG=1801 XHG=1868 XHG=1976 XHG=2093 XHG=2149 XHG=2255 XHG=2381 YBD=2065 YHG=2015>cyanosis YBD=2063 YBD=2064 YHG=2030>mask. YHG=2030>Oxygen YHG=2029>is YHG=2040>run YHG=2030>into YHG=2039>a YHG=2030>bag YHG=2029>made YHG=2030>of YHG=2041>very XBD=279 XBD=374 XBD=437 XBD=484 XBD=735 XBD=997 XBD=1060 XBD=1250 XBD=1315 XBD=1378 XHG=245 XHG=302 XHG=395 XHG=461 XHG=504 XHG=755 XHG=1020 XHG=1081 XHG=1274 XHG=1336 YBD=2096 YBD=2095 YBD=2094 YBD=2104 YBD=2105 YBD=2095 YBD=2097 YBD=2096 YHG=2062>is YHG=2062>due YHG=2063>to YHG=2072>a YHG=2061>generalised YHG=2062>impairment YHG=2063>of YHG=2062>aeration YHG=2074>or XBD=1537 XHG=2493 XBD=1760 XBD=1922 XBD=2035 XBD=2348 XBD=2458 XBD=2512 XHG=1440 YBD=2111 XHG=1578 XHG=1833 XHG=1961 XHG=2073 XHG=2382 YBD=2121 YHG=2064>to YBD=2113 YBD=2120 YBD=2112 YHG=2076>light YHG=2077>material. YHG=2077>This YHG=2077>bag YHG=2078>communicates YHG=2077>with YHG=2088>a XBD=297 XBD=618 XBD=804 XBD=1031 XBD=1289 XBD=1380 XHG=247 XHG=334 XHG=654 XHG=842 XHG=1053 XHG=1312 YBD=2143 YBD=2152 YBD=2144 YBD=2152 YBD=2144 YHG=2119>an YHG=2109>inflammatory YHG=2119>process YHG=2110>scattered YHG=2109>throughout XBD=1581 XHG=2463 XBD=1717 XBD=1866 XBD=1956 XBD=2116 XBD=2230 XBD=2317 XBD=2418 XBD=2509 XHG=1440 YBD=2158 XHG=1609 XHG=1743 XHG=1893 XHG=1985 XHG=2144 XHG=2255 XHG=2338 YBD=2159 YHG=2109>the YBD=2168 YBD=2160 YHG=2125>rubber YHG=2125>mask YHG=2123>which YHG=2124>fits YHG=2124>snugly YHG=2135>over YHG=2124>the YHG=2134>nose. YHG=2124>On XBD=350 XHG=675 XBD=556 XBD=633 XBD=852 XBD=1018 XBD=1201 XBD=1380 XHG=247 XHG=396 XHG=601 XHG=895YBD=2199 XHG=1065 XHG=1242 YBD=2200 YBD=2201 YBD=2190 YBD=2200 YBD=2191YHG=2156>properly YHG=2156>lung, YHG=2167>oxygen, YHG=2156>if YHG=2157>given, YHG=2156>should YHG=2157>relieve XBD=1665 XBD=1763 XBD=1941 XBD=2145 XBD=2318 XBD=2420 XBD=2508 XHG=1441 XHG=1696 XHG=1794 XHG=1974 XHG=2180 XHG=2342 XHG=2454 YBD=2206 YBD=2214 YBD=2215 YBD=2204 YBD=2205 YHG=2172>inspiration YHG=2172>patient YHG=2171>breathes YHG=2182>oxygen YHG=2171>from YHG=2171>the XBD=428 XBD=1518XHG=246 XBD=1642 XBD=1821 XBD=2072 XBD=2179 XBD=2290 XBD=2385 XBD=2507 XHG=1441YBD=2247 XHG=1566 XHG=1688 XHG=1864 XHG=2115 XHG=2220 XHG=2328 XHG=2420 YBD=2263YHG=2205>cyanosis. YBD=2253 YBD=2252 YBD=2262 YBD=2251 YBD=2261 YHG=2219>bag YHG=2219>and YHG=2219>during YHG=2219>expiration YHG=2218>the YHG=2218>bag YHG=2217>fills YHG=2218>again XBD=349 XHG=825 XBD=435 XBD=645 XBD=804 XBD=865 XBD=1033 XBD=1086 XBD=1149 XBD=1380 XHG=298 XHG=373 XHG=457 XHG=666 XHG=885YBD=2292 XHG=1054 XHG=1107 XHG=1168 YBD=2293 YBD=2302 YBD=2301 YBD=2301 YBD=2292YHG=2259>of YHG=2260>(2) YHG=2260>An YHG=2259>adequate YHG=2258>supply YHG=2269>oxygen YHG=2259>is YHG=2269>as YHG=2259>important XBD=1535 XBD=1717 XHG=1440 XHG=1560 YBD=2301 YBD=2309 YHG=2266>with YHG=2276>oxygen.

"" "" "" "" "

XBD=1373 XBD=347 XBD=528 XBD=650 XBD=804 XBD=926 XBD=1084 XBD=1176 XHG=236 XHG=366 XHG=546 XHG=667 XHG=944 XHG=1098 XHG=1194 YBD=1395 YBD=1389 YBD=1396 YBD=1389 YBD=1389 YHG=1357>lungs YHG=1357>(Barach YHG=1357>1926, YHG=1357>Hilton YHG=1357>1928, YHG=1357>Davies YHG=1358>and YHG=1356>Gilchrist XBD=1579XHG=822 XBD=1746 XHG=1434 XHG=1595 YBD=1401 YHG=1368>human YHG=1368>breathXBD=372 XBD=603 XBD=715 XBD=921 XBD=1086 XBD=1178 XBD=1373 XHG=241 XHG=409 XHG=637 XHG=756 XHG=966 XHG=1143 XHG=1221 YBD=1436 YBD=1438 YBD=1431 YBD=1438 YBD=1430 YBD=1438 YHG=1398>1925b, YHG=1399>Campbell YHG=1400>and YHG=1399>Poulton YHG=1399>1934). YHG=1399>If YHG=1398>pressed XBD=1500 XBD=1560 XBD=1748 XHG=1434 XHG=1518 XHG=1580 YBD=1458 YBD=1448 YBD=1449 YHG=1415>ing YHG=1417>to YHG=1414>enhance XBD=381 XBD=564 XBD=661 XBD=776 XBD=873 XBD=1037 XBD=1159 XBD=1236 XBD=1373 XHG=238 XHG=412 XHG=594 XHG=692 XHG=807 XHG=905 XHG=1068 XHG=1191 XHG=1269 YBD=1479 YBD=1472 YBD=1472 YBD=1480 YBD=1471 YBD=1472 YHG=1439>tightly YHG=1440>against YHG=1440>the YHG=1441>face YHG=1441>the YHG=1440>funnel YHG=1450>may YHG=1440>be YHG=1449>more XBD=1505 XBD=1749 XHG=1436 XHG=1556 YBD=1496 YBD=1505 YHG=1461>the YHG=1462>efficiency XBD=412 XBD=540 XBD=621 XBD=721 XBD=800 XBD=978 XBD=1081 XBD=1267 XBD=1375 XHG=239 XHG=445 XHG=572 XHG=649 XHG=749 XHG=827 XHG=1003 XHG=1107 XHG=1295 YBD=1513 YBD=1521 YBD=1514 YBD=1522 YBD=1515 YBD=1514 YHG=1481>effective YHG=1481>(Fig. YHG=1482>1), YHG=1482>but YHG=1492>no YHG=1482>patient YHG=1482>will YHG=1482>tolerate YHG=1482>this XBD=1478 XBD=1749 XHG=1437 XHG=1510 YBD=1543 YHG=1510>of YHG=1509>administraXBD=444 XHG=861 XBD=522 XBD=582 XBD=716 XBD=775 XBD=845 XBD=970 XHG=239 XHG=462 XHG=539 XHG=599 XHG=732 XHG=792 YBD=1564 YBD=1554 YBD=1555 YBD=1556 YBD=1557 YHG=1524>procedure YHG=1523>for YHG=1533>as YHG=1524>much YHG=1534>as YHG=1534>an YHG=1524>hour.

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XBD=1383XHG=878 XBD=320 XBD=412 XBD=611 XBD=745 XBD=842 XBD=947 XBD=1050 XBD=1134 XBD=1201 XHG=250 XHG=365 XHG=457 XHG=655 XHG=789 XHG=983YBD=2386 XHG=1094 XHG=1179 XHG=1244 YBD=2387 YBD=2395 YBD=2386 YBD=2386YHG=2352>the YBD=2396 YHG=2364>can YHG=2353>be YHG=2352>assured YHG=2352>only YHG=2353>by YHG=2362>use YHG=2352>of YHG=2363>a YHG=2362>proper XBD=568 XHG=626 XBD=995 XBD=1160 XBD=1243 XBD=1381 XHG=247 XHG=1047YBD=2443 XHG=1211 XHG=1302 YBD=2437 YBD=2433YHG=2400>pressure-reducing YBD=2434 YHG=2400>flowmeter. YHG=2399>valve YHG=2400>is YHG=2401>also A XBD=1573XHG=250 XBD=1707 XBD=1835 XBD=1968 XBD=2072 XBD=2138 XBD=2196 XBD=2325 XBD=2382 XBD=2516 XHG=1492YBD=2483 XHG=1599 XHG=1734 XHG=1928 XHG=1995 XHG=2104 XHG=2165 XHG=2221 XHG=2348 XHG=2403 YBD=2465YHG=2449>recommended. YBD=2473 YBD=2472 YBD=2464 YBD=2463 YHG=2430>The YHG=2430>mask YHG=2430>itself YHG=2431>in YHG=2430>Fig. YHG=2432>3) YHG=2430>is YHG=2430>made YHG=2430>of YHG=2429>rubber XBD=549 XBD=1523 XBD=1576 XBD=1623 XBD=1830 XBD=2072 XBD=2151 XBD=2236 XBD=2517 XHG=1445 XHG=1544 XHG=1600 XHG=1647 XHG=1850 XHG=2094 XHG=2172 XHG=2258 YBD=2512 YBD=2511 YBD=2520 YBD=2510 YHG=2478>and YHG=2478>is YHG=2488>a YHG=2477>standard YHG=2477>production YHG=2477>for YHG=2476>the YHG=2477>administration XBD=352 XBD=457 XBD=578 XBD=841 XBD=1037 XBD=1116 XBD=1202 XBD=1381 XHG=301 XHG=377 XHG=478 XHG=600 XHG=862 XHG=1057 XHG=1136 XHG=1224 YBD=2545 YBD=2537 YBD=2536 YBD=2544 YBD=2535 YBD=2534 YBD=2535 YHG=2505>(3) YHG=2503>The YHG=2504>most YHG=2502>satisfactory YHG=2501>methods YHG=2502>for YHG=2501>the YHG=2501>adminiXBD=1487 XBD=1760 XBD=1848 XBD=1948 XBD=2088 XBD=2235 XBD=2364 XBD=2519 XHG=1446 XHG=1521 XHG=1794 XHG=1881 XHG=1983 XHG=2121 XHG=2294 XHG=2400 YBD=2567 YBD=2559 YBD=2566 YBD=2558 YHG=2525>of YHG=2525>anaesthetics YHG=2524>by YHG=2525>the YHG=2524>nasal YHG=2526>route. YHG=2525>(Dr. YHG=2524>Horace XBD=413 XBD=478 XBD=649 XBD=737 XBD=827 XBD=958 XBD=1162 XBD=1253 XBD=1385 XHG=251 XHG=438 XHG=502 XHG=674 XHG=760 XHG=851 XHG=982 XHG=1186 XHG=1277 YBD=2583 YBD=2592 YBD=2581 YBD=2582 YBD=2588 YBD=2582 YHG=2550>stration YHG=2551>of YHG=2560>oxygen YHG=2559>are YHG=2548>the YHG=2548>nasal YHG=2548>catheter, YHG=2548>the YHG=2548>nasal XBD=1576 XBD=1687 XBD=1915 XBD=1984 XBD=2057 XBD=2150 XBD=2240 XBD=2304 XBD=2396 XBD=2518 XHG=1446 XHG=1604 XHG=1717 XHG=1943 XHG=2013 XHG=2085 XHG=2177 XHG=2268 XHG=2329 XHG=2420 YBD=2606 YBD=2614 YBD=2605 YBD=2604 YBD=2613 YHG=2573>Evans YHG=2572>first YHG=2572>suggested YHG=2573>to YHG=2582>us YHG=2571>the YHG=2581>use YHG=2572>of YHG=2570>this YHG=2572>type.) XBD=373 XBD=472 XBD=557 XBD=725 XBD=840 XHG=252 XHG=395 XHG=490 XHG=578 XHG=745 YBD=2636 YBD=2630 YBD=2638 YBD=2629 YHG=2596>mask, YHG=2597>and YHG=2596>the YHG=2605>oxygen YHG=2597>tent. XBD=1494 XBD=1581 XBD=1816 XBD=1865 XBD=1957 XBD=2017 XBD=2111 XBD=2239 XBD=2292 XBD=2396 XBD=2519 XHG=1446 XHG=1512 XHG=1599 XHG=1834 XHG=1882 XHG=1974 XHG=2036 XHG=2129 XHG=2256 XHG=2308 XHG=2433 YBD=2653 YBD=2661 YBD=2660 YBD=2652 YBD=2651 YHG=2619>In YHG=2629>our YHG=2619>experience YHG=2618>it YHG=2618>will YHG=2618>fit YHG=2628>any YHG=2617>shape YHG=2618>of YHG=2627>nose. 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YHG=2737>In YHG=2736>infants YHG=2735>the YHG=2736>catheter XBD=1557 XBD=1663 XBD=1836 XBD=1905 XBD=2039 XBD=2181 XBD=2298 XBD=2519 XHG=1445 XHG=1595 XHG=1701 XHG=1874 XHG=1943 XHG=2078 XHG=2242 XHG=2334 YBD=2794 YBD=2802 YBD=2793 YHG=2759>when YHG=2760>the YHG=2759>mouth YHG=2760>is YHG=2760>wide YHG=2769>open. YHG=2759>An YHG=2759>aluminium XBD=340 XBD=407 XBD=678 XHG=250 XHG=360 XHG=427 YBD=2817 YBD=2826 YHG=2793>may YHG=2784>be YHG=2784>satisfactory. XBD=1540 XBD=1642 XBD=1792 XBD=1957 XBD=2036 XBD=2100 XBD=2187 XBD=2278 XBD=2361 XBD=2443 XBD=2521 XHG=1446 XHG=1575 XHG=1669 XHG=1824 XHG=1989 XHG=2062 XHG=2134 XHG=2213 XHG=2312 XHG=2384 XHG=2464 YBD=2850 YBD=2841 YBD=2842 YBD=2848 YBD=2839 YBD=2840 YHG=2806>tube YHG=2809>(B), YHG=2807>which YHG=2806>should YHG=2807>be YHG=2807>of YHG=2809>1-0 YHG=2817>cm. 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-

Paris.

Davies, H. W., and Gilchrist, A. R. (1925a) Lancet, 1, 916. (1925b) Edinb. med. J. 32, 225. Haldane, J. S., and Priestley, J. G. (1935) Respiration, Oxford. Hilton, R. (1928) Brit. med. J. 1, 441. Lundsgaard, C. (1925) Medicine, Baltimore,4, 345. Marriott, H. L., and Robson, K. (1936) Brit. med. J. 1, 154. Poulton, E. P., and Adams, T. W. (1936) Ibid, p. 567. Ravenstene, E. A., Taylor, I. B., and Lemmer, K. E. (1936) Anesth. & Analges. 15, 10. -

Barach, A. L. (1926) Arch. intern. Med. 37, 186. (1929) J. Amer. med. Ass. 93, 1550. (1937) Ibid, 108, 1868. Barker, M. H., Parker, D. M., and Wassel, G. (1934) Ibid, 103, 244.

(Continued

(Continued from previous column) Binger, C. A. L. (1928) J. clin. Invest. 6, 203. Campbell, J. A. (1936) Brit. med. J. 1, 1245. (1937a) Lancet, 1, 82. (1937b) Mod. Hosp. 48, No. 2. (1937c) Brit. med. J. 1, 526. - and Poulton, E. P. (1934) Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Therapy, London. Christie, R. V. (1937) British Encyclopædia of Medical Practice, London, vol. iv, p. 388. (1938) Quart. J. Med. 31, 421. Dautrebande, L. (1937) Oxygenotherapie et Carbotherapie,

column)

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881

XBD=1315XHG=777 XBD=277 XBD=372 XBD=477 XBD=625 XBD=686 XBD=755 XBD=997 XBD=1141 XBD=1220 XHG=222 XHG=296 XHG=418 XHG=498 XHG=647 XHG=706 XHG=1020YBD=329 XHG=1165 XHG=1243 YBD=332 YBD=341 YBD=340 YBD=330 YBD=338YHG=297>aluminium YBD=330 YHG=300>the YHG=300>bag. YHG=299>By YHG=308>means YHG=298>of YHG=307>an YHG=298>clamp YHG=299>(E) YHG=298>and XBD=240 XHG=768 XBD=383 XBD=501 XBD=666 XBD=750 XBD=947 XBD=1024 XBD=1111 XBD=1222 XBD=1315 XHG=221 XHG=257 XHG=402 XHG=523 XHG=683 XHG=967YBD=375 XHG=1044 XHG=1129 XHG=1243 YBD=376 YBD=377 YBD=384 YBD=383 YBD=375YHG=342>forehead YHG=354>a YHG=354>canvas YHG=346>strap YHG=343>around YHG=342>the YHG=344>(D) YHG=342>the YHG=343>tube YHG=344>and XBD=341 XHG=796 XBD=565 XBD=651 XBD=767 XBD=835 XBD=1038 XBD=1183 XBD=1316 XHG=220 XHG=363 XHG=589 XHG=674 XHG=864YBD=420 XHG=1094 XHG=1214 YBD=422 YBD=429 YBD=429 YBD=420YHG=388>in YBD=429 YHG=390>rubber YHG=390>nose-piece YHG=398>are YHG=388>kept YHG=387>position. YHG=387>This YHG=390>strap XBD=302 XHG=800 XBD=389 XBD=460 XBD=655 XBD=774 XBD=941 XBD=1009 XBD=1186 XBD=1316 XHG=220 XHG=326 XHG=414 XHG=484 XHG=680 XHG=968YBD=475 XHG=1034 XHG=1212 YBD=468 YBD=467 YBD=466 YBD=476YHG=432>tightly YHG=435>need YHG=436>not YHG=435>be YHG=433>fastened YHG=443>very YHG=443>as YHG=433>gravity YHG=434>helps XBD=253 XHG=890 XBD=363 XBD=454 XBD=589 XBD=765 XBD=862 XBD=984 XBD=1093 XBD=1146 XBD=1316 XHG=219 XHG=280 XHG=390 XHG=483 XHG=619 XHG=795 XHG=1017YBD=518 XHG=1123 XHG=1177 YBD=513 YBD=521 YBD=512 YBD=511YHG=479>face, YBD=512 YBD=513 YHG=482>to YHG=480>hold YHG=479>mask YHG=479>against YHG=479>the YHG=479>and YHG=489>a YHG=489>canvas XBD=309 XHG=746 XBD=433 XBD=536 XBD=706 XBD=924 XBD=1030 XBD=1178 XBD=1314 XHG=220 XHG=348 XHG=470 XHG=575 XHG=964YBD=567 XHG=1070 XHG=1217 YBD=559 YBD=558 YBD=558 YBD=558YHG=526>prevents YBD=559 YHG=528>strap YHG=536>over YHG=525>the YHG=526>vertex YHG=524>the YHG=525>mask YHG=526>from XBD=362 XHG=781 XBD=629 XBD=749 XBD=972 XBD=1070 XBD=1225 XBD=1315 XHG=220 XHG=393 XHG=688 XHG=1003YBD=613 XHG=1104 XHG=1260 YBD=614 YBD=606 YBD=603YHG=571>loosening YBD=613 YBD=614 YHG=572>slipping YHG=571>downwards. YHG=571>By YHG=570>the YHG=571>clamp YHG=575>(E) XBD=284 XHG=747 XBD=481 XBD=521 XBD=664 XBD=731 XBD=814 XBD=1050 XBD=1135 XBD=1316 XHG=220 XHG=300 XHG=498 XHG=536 XHG=682 XHG=832YBD=650 XHG=1069 XHG=1152 YBD=649 YBD=659 YBD=658 YBD=650YHG=616>the YBD=658 YHG=618>and YHG=617>adjusting YHG=626>a YHG=616>wedge YHG=627>on YHG=617>nose-piece, YHG=617>the YHG=618>position XBD=252 XHG=868 XBD=326 XBD=445 XBD=531 XBD=595 XBD=790 XBD=848 XBD=943 XBD=1037 XBD=1147 XBD=1205 XBD=1313 XHG=219 XHG=266 XHG=343 XHG=462 XHG=548 XHG=613 XHG=807 XHG=961YBD=695 XHG=1054 XHG=1165 XHG=1220 YBD=705 YBD=696 YBD=705 YBD=705YHG=663>suit YBD=696 YBD=700 YHG=664>of YHG=663>the YHG=663>mask YHG=673>can YHG=663>be YHG=662>adjusted YHG=664>to YHG=673>any YHG=664>type YHG=664>of YHG=664>face. XBD=244 XHG=856 XBD=334 XBD=404 XBD=456 XBD=607 XBD=748 XBD=834 XBD=989 XHG=217 YBD=751 XHG=264 XHG=356 XHG=425 XHG=476 XHG=627 XHG=767 YBD=741 YHG=709>clamp. YBD=750 YBD=742 YHG=710>A YHG=709>pad YHG=711>(c) YHG=710>is YHG=709>placed YHG=709>under YHG=708>the XBD=329 XHG=913 XBD=595 XBD=692 XBD=892 XBD=953 XBD=1037 XBD=1131 XBD=1205 XBD=1256 XBD=1317 XHG=258 XHG=349 XHG=615 XHG=712 XHG=971YBD=795 XHG=1057 XHG=1152 XHG=1225 XHG=1277 YBD=795 YBD=805YHG=763>of YBD=804 YBD=796 YBD=797 YHG=762>The YHG=762>construction YHG=762>and YHG=762>situation YHG=762>the YHG=763>bag YHG=764>(F) YHG=764>is YHG=765>of

" XBD=1315 XBD=449 XHG=915 XBD=712 XBD=817 XBD=890 XBD=956 XBD=1031 XBD=1214 XHG=218 XHG=471 XHG=763 XHG=843 XHG=981YBD=841 XHG=1055 XHG=1238 YBD=849 YBD=842 YBD=841 YBD=842YHG=810>at YBD=843 YHG=808>considerable YHG=808>importance. YHG=808>To YHG=809>be YHG=808>all YHG=808>efficient YHG=810>this ven " XBD=1316 XBD=281 XHG=725 XBD=393 XBD=547 XBD=617 XBD=703 XBD=895 XBD=1074 XHG=218 XHG=300 XHG=414 XHG=568 XHG=637 XHG=917YBD=897 XHG=1249 YBD=886 YBD=887 YBD=889 YBD=889YHG=854>slightest YHG=855>bag YHG=855>must YHG=853>deflate YHG=864>on YHG=854>the YHG=855>suction. YHG=856>the " XBD=1316 XBD=367 XHG=791 XBD=425 XBD=580 XBD=769 XBD=853 XBD=1011 XBD=1073 XBD=1193 XHG=217 XHG=388 XHG=443 XHG=600 XHG=874YBD=934 XHG=1032 XHG=1094 XHG=1212 YBD=933 YBD=935 YBD=934 YBD=935 YHG=900>flimsiest YHG=901>of YHG=900>rubber YHG=900>balloons YHG=911>are YHG=901>useless YHG=911>as YHG=901>their YHG=902>walls

" " " " " " "" " ""

XBD=1316XHG=883 XBD=271 XBD=350 XBD=474 XBD=583 XBD=664 XBD=752 XBD=860 XBD=976 XBD=1039 XBD=1136 XBD=1217 XHG=219 XHG=291 XHG=372 XHG=523 XHG=604 XHG=686 XHG=776 XHG=1000YBD=989 XHG=1061 XHG=1157 XHG=1238 YBD=979 YBD=980 YBD=981 YBD=990YHG=949>type YBD=980 YBD=981 YHG=958>are YHG=948>too YHG=947>rigid. YHG=947>By YHG=947>far YHG=946>the YHG=948>best YHG=948>of YHG=947>bag YHG=947>for YHG=948>this XBD=360 XHG=749 XBD=419 XBD=519 XBD=661 XBD=726 XBD=997 XBD=1115 XBD=1267 XBD=1316 XHG=216 XHG=388 XHG=450 XHG=551 XHG=686 XHG=1022YBD=1036 XHG=1169 XHG=1294 YBD=1025 YBD=1026 YBD=1028YHG=993>goldbeater’s YBD=1026 YHG=1003>purpose YHG=993>is YHG=1003>one YHG=993>made YHG=993>of YHG=993>skin. YHG=992>Such YHG=1004>a XBD=281 XHG=807 XBD=364 XBD=444 XBD=549 XBD=694 XBD=788 XBD=942 XBD=1051 XBD=1134 XBD=1315 XHG=218 XHG=295 XHG=379 XHG=461 XHG=565 XHG=712 XHG=958YBD=1073 XHG=1068 XHG=1150 YBD=1082 YBD=1081 YBD=1072 YBD=1074 YBD=1072YHG=1039>deflate YBD=1081 YHG=1041>bag YHG=1038>will YHG=1040>not YHG=1039>only YHG=1039>inflate YHG=1040>and YHG=1039>with YHG=1040>the YHG=1041>greatest XBD=251 XHG=769 XBD=349 XBD=439 XBD=494 XBD=597 XBD=742 XBD=844 XBD=1035 XBD=1258 XBD=1315 XHG=218 XHG=273 XHG=372 XHG=463 XHG=521 XHG=623 XHG=871YBD=1119 XHG=1103 XHG=1283 YBD=1118 YBD=1128 YBD=1121 YBD=1128YHG=1086>and YBD=1119 YHG=1087>of YHG=1095>ease YHG=1086>but YHG=1085>is YHG=1085>also YHG=1085>tough YHG=1085>durable. YHG=1086>Oxygen YHG=1086>is XBD=417 XHG=913 XBD=517 XBD=607 XBD=704 XBD=891 XBD=980 XBD=1096 XBD=1186 XBD=1316 XHG=218 XHG=438 XHG=541 XHG=630 XHG=726 XHG=1003YBD=1166 XHG=1120 XHG=1236 YBD=1165 YBD=1175 YBD=1176 YBD=1174YHG=1132>the YBD=1165 YHG=1132>introduced YHG=1131>into YHG=1131>the YHG=1132>bag YHG=1131>through YHG=1132>tube YHG=1133>(G). YHG=1131>The XBD=344 XHG=921 XBD=425 XBD=518 XBD=569 XBD=685 XBD=773 XBD=902 XBD=988 XBD=1154 XBD=1248 XBD=1315 XHG=216 XHG=362 XHG=445 XHG=536 XHG=587 XHG=706 XHG=793 XHG=1007YBD=1212 XHG=1172 XHG=1268 YBD=1213 YBD=1221 YBD=1211 YBD=1222YHG=1178>the YBD=1212 YHG=1179>further YHG=1178>bag YHG=1179>is YHG=1179>from YHG=1178>mask YHG=1180>greater YHG=1178>will YHG=1179>be XBD=1560 XBD=1693 XBD=1816 XBD=1947 XBD=2124 XBD=2254 XBD=2443 XHG=1556 XHG=1670 XHG=1794 XHG=1922 XHG=2119 XHG=2235 XHG=2359 YBD=1250 YBD=1251 YBD=1252 YBD=1253 YHG=1222>I YHG=1222>2 YHG=1222>3 YHG=1222>4 YHG=1224>I YHG=1223>2 YHG=1224>3 XBD=273 XHG=796 XBD=487 XBD=556 XBD=653 XBD=768 XBD=836 XBD=1012 XBD=1139 XBD=1243 XBD=1313 XHG=217 XHG=298 XHG=516 XHG=586 XHG=682 XHG=866YBD=1259 XHG=1040 XHG=1168 XHG=1272 YBD=1258 YBD=1268 YBD=1268YHG=1226>of YBD=1258 YHG=1226>the YHG=1225>resistance YHG=1226>to YHG=1224>the YHG=1224>flow YHG=1235>oxygen YHG=1226>from YHG=1225>bag YHG=1227>to XBD=1683 XBD=1742 XBD=1888 XBD=2037 XBD=2173 XBD=2248 XBD=2353 XHG=1600 XHG=1705 XHG=1762 XHG=1910 XHG=2055 XHG=2194 XHG=2266 YBD=1294 YBD=1293 YBD=1307 YBD=1297 YBD=1303 YHG=1260>Rate YHG=1259>of YHG=1259>Flow YHG=1261>Oxygen YHG=1259>(litres YHG=1268>per YHG=1260>min.) XBD=303 XHG=908 XBD=421 XBD=524 XBD=683 XBD=778 XBD=880 XBD=941 XBD=1149 XBD=1218 XBD=1314 XHG=218 XHG=352 XHG=448 XHG=550 XHG=711 XHG=806 XHG=969YBD=1304 XHG=1176 XHG=1247 YBD=1307 YBD=1305 YBD=1314 YBD=1305 YBD=1304YHG=1272>is YHG=1283>nose. YHG=1272>For YHG=1271>this YHG=1281>reason YHG=1270>the YHG=1272>bag YHG=1271>attached YHG=1272>to of YHG=1271>the XBD=409 XHG=741 XBD=543 XBD=664 XBD=715 XBD=947 XBD=1066 XBD=1315 XHG=217 XHG=434 XHG=571 XHG=692 XHG=973YBD=1361 XHG=1094 YBD=1360 YBD=1357 YBD=1351 YBD=1351 YBD=1360YHG=1317>large-bore YHG=1318>head-piece YHG=1318>itself, YHG=1317>with YHG=1327>a YHG=1318>tube YHG=1318>connecting XBD=1453 XBD=1501 XBD=1734 XBD=1783 XBD=1841 XBD=1912 XBD=2220 XBD=2306 XBD=2359 XBD=2449 XBD=2504 XHG=1373 XHG=1472 XHG=1541 XHG=1748 XHG=1793 XHG=1856 XHG=1926 XHG=2237 XHG=2325 XHG=2378 XHG=2469 YBD=1358 YBD=1357 YBD=1365 YBD=1361 YBD=1362 YHG=1331>FIG. YHG=1334>5. YHG=1335>Importance YHG=1335>the YHG=1336>bag YHG=1335>attachment.-The YHG=1335>rate YHG=1337>of YHG=1335>tiow YHG=1336>of

|>" " XBD=1635 XBD=1712 XBD=1824 XBD=1870 XBD=2014 XBD=2161 XBD=2236 XBD=2448 XBD=2502 XBD=1540 XHG=1566 XHG=1656 XHG=1732 XHG=1842 XHG=1888 XHG=2036 XHG=2181 XHG=2259 XHG=2469 XHG=1415 YBD=1391 YBD=1397 YBD=1396 YBD=1393 YBD=1398 YBD=1392 YBD=1395 YHG=1367>into YHG=1367>the YHG=1366>mask YHG=1366>is YHG=1366>plotted YHG=1366>against YHG=1366>the YHG=1367>percentage YHG=1366>of YHG=1372>oxygen XBD=242 XBD=296 XBD=377 XBD=511 XHG=217 XHG=260 XHG=316 XHG=397 YBD=1398 YBD=1400 YHG=1366>it YHG=1367>to YHG=1364>the YHG=1365>mask. " XBD=2503 XBD=1539 XHG=2466 XBD=1593 XBD=1670 XBD=1831 XBD=1901 XBD=1991 XBD=2141 XBD=2220 XBD=2296 XBD=2450 XHG=1415 YBD=1423 XHG=1559 XHG=1614 XHG=1691 XHG=1845 XHG=1946 XHG=2009 XHG=2153 XHG=2234 XHG=2309 YBD=1426 YHG=1404>as YBD=1422 YBD=1428 YBD=1427 YBD=1424 YHG=1403>oxygen YHG=1398>in YHG=1398>the YHG=1397>alveolar YHG=1397>air. YHG=1397>(1) YHG=1397>(circles) YHG=1398>The YHG=1398>bag YHG=1398>situated XBD=1523XHG=908 XBD=1570 XBD=1651 XBD=1695 XBD=1779 XBD=1938 XBD=2014 XBD=2087 XBD=2272 XBD=2322 XBD=2394 XBD=2503 XHG=1415 XHG=1536 XHG=1584 XHG=1669 XHG=1734 XHG=1794 XHG=1948 XHG=2026 XHG=2098 XHG=2287 XHG=2339 XHG=2409 YBD=1453 YBD=1459 YBD=1458 YBD=1455 YBD=1454 YHG=1429>shown YHG=1428>in YHG=1429>Fig. YHG=1429>3. YHG=1428>(2) YHG=1428>(crosses) YHG=1429>The YHG=1429>bag YHG=1428>connected YHG=1429>to YHG=1429>the YHG=1429>mask " XBD=1314 XBD=398 XBD=551 XBD=619 XBD=828 XBD=887 XBD=976 XBD=1105 XBD=1166 XBD=1212 XHG=260 XHG=419 XHG=570 XHG=641 XHG=846 XHG=996 XHG=1126 XHG=1188 XHG=1231 YBD=1462 YBD=1452 YBD=1452 YBD=1451 YBD=1452 YHG=1420>Oxygen YHG=1418>should YHG=1418>be YHG=1418>delivered YHG=1420>to YHG=1418>the YHG=1418>mask YHG=1419>at YHG=1428>a YHG=1419>rate " XBD=1459 XBD=1494 XBD=1544 XBD=1590 XBD=1776 XBD=1908 XBD=2041 XBD=2124 XBD=2205 XBD=2313 XBD=2407 XBD=2500 XHG=1415 XHG=1477 XHG=1505 XHG=1557 XHG=1601 XHG=1791 XHG=1919 XHG=2080 XHG=2139 XHG=2221 XHG=2330 XHG=2423 YBD=1484 YBD=1489 YBD=1488 YBD=1490 YBD=1485 YBD=1486 YBD=1487 YHG=1459>by YHG=1459>3 YHG=1459>ft. YHG=1461>of YHG=1460>large-bore YHG=1460>rubber YHG=1459>tubing. YHG=1459>(3) YHG=1460>The YHG=1459>mask YHG=1460>used YHG=1459>with " XBD=251 XBD=289 XBD=347 XBD=392 XBD=515 XBD=562 XBD=740 XBD=901 XBD=1021 XBD=1087 XBD=1313 XHG=219 XHG=272 XHG=312 XHG=372 XHG=414 XHG=539 XHG=585 XHG=792 XHG=923 XHG=1045 XHG=1108 YBD=1498 YBD=1500 YBD=1499 YBD=1499 YBD=1499 YHG=1467>of YHG=1469>3 YHG=1468>to YHG=1468>4 YHG=1465>litres YHG=1475>a YHG=1465>minute. YHG=1465>Some YHG=1465>form YHG=1466>of YHG=1466>flowmeter " XBD=2500 XBD=1700 XHG=2462 XBD=1806 XBD=1929 XBD=1980 XBD=2048 XBD=2117 XBD=2179 XBD=2358 XBD=2402 XBD=2450 XHG=1413 YBD=1518 XHG=1728 XHG=1818 XHG=1940 XHG=1992 XHG=2057 XHG=2127 XHG=2189 XHG=2368 XHG=2413 YBD=1519 YHG=1490>G. YBD=1521 YBD=1516 YBD=1517 YHG=1489>no bag YHG=1490>(The YHG=1497>curves YHG=1498>on YHG=1491>the YHG=1490>left YHG=1497>are YHG=1492>from YHG=1491>0. YHG=1491>E. Case attached. XBD=1478XHG=802 XBD=1586 XBD=1642 XBD=1713 XBD=1816 XBD=1910 XBD=2003 XBD=2057 XBD=2110 XBD=2174 XHG=1414 XHG=1494 XHG=1600 XHG=1658 XHG=1729 XHG=1827 XHG=1925 XHG=2018 XHG=2073 XHG=2126 YBD=1546 YBD=1551 YBD=1547 YBD=1548 YBD=1552 YHG=1521>and YHG=1521>those YHG=1529>on YHG=1522>the YHG=1521>right YHG=1522>from YHG=1522>Case YHG=1521>R. YHG=1521>V. YHG=1522>C.) " XBD=1312 XBD=244 XBD=437 XBD=648 XBD=773 XBD=900 XBD=1027 XBD=1172 XHG=219 XHG=268 XHG=466 XHG=704 XHG=928 XHG=1056 XHG=1201 YBD=1546 YBD=1547 YBD=1545 YBD=1545 YBD=1555 YHG=1515>is YHG=1512>therefore YHG=1512>essential. YHG=1511>We YHG=1512>have YHG=1512>tried YHG=1522>many YHG=1514>types

" XBD=1311 XBD=283 XHG=781 XBD=385 XBD=520 XBD=603 XBD=762 XBD=985 XBD=1069 XBD=1186 XHG=220 XHG=298 XHG=402 XHG=536 XHG=621 XHG=1002 XHG=1087 XHG=1206 YBD=1593 YBD=1592 YBD=1592 YHG=1560>and YHG=1559>have YHG=1559>found YHG=1558>the YHG=1558>bobbin YHG=1558>flowmeter YHG=1558>the YHG=1560>most YHG=1559>satis-

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XBD=1312 XBD=353 XBD=441 XBD=499 XBD=774 XBD=842 XBD=1030 XBD=1101 XBD=1168 XHG=219 XHG=404 XHG=467 XHG=526 XHG=801 XHG=870 XHG=1058 XHG=1126 XHG=1195 YBD=1648 YBD=1647 YBD=1638 YBD=1638 YBD=1639 YBD=1638 YHG=1607>factory. YHG=1606>It YHG=1605>is YHG=1614>unnecessary YHG=1606>to YHG=1605>moisten YHG=1615>or YHG=1606>to YHG=1615>warm XBD=1468 XBD=1658 XBD=1752 XBD=1867 XBD=2087 XBD=2179 XBD=2394 XBD=2499 XHG=1373 XHG=1509 XHG=1710 XHG=1801 XHG=1922 XHG=2141 XHG=2229 XHG=2442 YBD=1661 YBD=1669 YBD=1662 YHG=1628>been YHG=1629>trained YHG=1630>in YHG=1630>the YHG=1630>delivery YHG=1630>of YHG=1631>alveolar YHG=1630>air XBD=273 XBD=439 XBD=602 XBD=724 XBD=790 XBD=1177 XBD=1314 XHG=219 XHG=295 XHG=493 XHG=625 XHG=750 XHG=814 XHG=1202 YBD=1685 YBD=1694 YBD=1684 YBD=1694 YBD=1685 YHG=1652>the YHG=1661>oxygen. YHG=1651>Some YHG=1651>form YHG=1651>of YHG=1651>pressure-reducing XBD=1534 XHG=2421 XBD=1621 XBD=1720 XBD=2139 XBD=2350 XBD=2499 XHG=1373 YBD=1703 XHG=1569 XHG=1654 XHG=1767 XHG=2182 YBD=1710 YHG=1652>valve YBD=1711 YHG=1670>samples YHG=1671>by YHG=1671>the YHG=1671>Haldane-Priestley YHG=1671>method. YHG=1672>The XBD=260 XBD=337 XBD=450 XBD=504 XBD=606 XBD=834 XBD=1058 XBD=1115 XBD=1313 XHG=222 XHG=280 XHG=359 XHG=473 XHG=529 XHG=884 XHG=1084 XHG=1137 YBD=1731 YBD=1731 YBD=1731 YBD=1740 YHG=1709>on YHG=1698>the YHG=1698>tank YHG=1698>is YHG=1697>also YHG=1696>Without YHG=1698>it YHG=1698>frequent XBD=1534XHG=632 XBD=1660 XBD=1810 XBD=1881 XBD=1976 XBD=2077 XBD=2144 XBD=2394 XBD=2498 XHG=1372YBD=1732 XHG=1565 XHG=1690 XHG=1838 XHG=1910 XHG=2004 XHG=2106 XHG=2169 XHG=2421 YBD=1751YHG=1697>advisable. YBD=1744 YBD=1743 YBD=1752 YBD=1745 YHG=1712>samples YHG=1722>were YHG=1712>taken YHG=1713>at YHG=1713>the YHG=1713>end YHG=1712>of YHG=1712>expiration, YHG=1713>and XBD=444 XHG=729 XBD=504 XBD=591 XBD=708 XBD=792 XBD=1018 XBD=1172 XBD=1225 XBD=1313 XHG=223 XHG=465 XHG=525 XHG=612 XHG=813YBD=1777 XHG=1066 XHG=1193 XHG=1246 YBD=1786 YBD=1786 YBD=1777YHG=1754>are YBD=1778 YHG=1744>adjustments YHG=1745>of YHG=1744>the YHG=1744>tank YHG=1753>necessary. YHG=1744>With five YHG=1745>it YHG=1744>the XBD=1437 XBD=1617 XBD=1810 XBD=1918 XBD=2111 XBD=2199 XBD=2270 XBD=2498 XHG=1372 XHG=1469 XHG=1646 XHG=1839 XHG=1945 XHG=2140 XHG=2227 XHG=2299 YBD=1792 YBD=1786 YBD=1793 YBD=1784 YBD=1785 YHG=1753>the YHG=1763>oxygen YHG=1754>mixture YHG=1763>was YHG=1754>inspired YHG=1754>for YHG=1754>at YHG=1753>least XBD=343 XHG=842 XBD=394 XBD=554 XBD=628 XBD=729 XBD=819 XBD=927 XBD=1112 XBD=1312 XHG=224 XHG=365 XHG=417 XHG=578 XHG=652 XHG=751 XHG=949YBD=1824 XHG=1137 YBD=1834 YBD=1824 YBD=1825YHG=1790>flow YHG=1801>oxygen YHG=1791>is YHG=1791>turned YHG=1801>on YHG=1790>and YHG=1790>the YHG=1790>remains YHG=1792>constant XBD=1536 XBD=1681 XBD=1798 XBD=1995 XBD=2159 XBD=2242 XBD=2402 XBD=2500 XHG=1372 XHG=1555 XHG=1699 XHG=1816 XHG=2038 XHG=2176 XHG=2262 XHG=2421 YBD=1834 YBD=1826 YBD=1835 YBD=1827 YHG=1794>minutes YHG=1795>before YHG=1794>their YHG=1795>delivery. YHG=1795>While YHG=1795>the YHG=1795>sample YHG=1804>was XBD=1484 XBD=1694 XBD=1893 XBD=1956 XBD=2128 XBD=2226 XBD=2499 XHG=1373YBD=1880 XHG=1507 XHG=1717 XHG=1918 XHG=1981 XHG=2149 XHG=2249 YBD=1868YHG=1839>empty. YBD=1869 YBD=1876 YHG=1836>beingflow YHG=1836>delivered YHG=1836>the YHG=1836>of YHG=1846>oxygen YHG=1846>was YHG=1836>interrupted. XBD=299 XHG=709 XBD=374 XBD=485 XBD=535 XBD=689 XBD=851 XHG=225 XHG=314 XHG=392 XHG=504 XHG=554 YBD=1871 YHG=1838>until YHG=1837>the YHG=1837>tank YHG=1837>is YHG=1837>almost XBD=1459 XHG=1062 XBD=1621 XBD=1719 XBD=1787 XBD=1957 XBD=2021 XBD=2193 XBD=2310 XBD=2501 XBD=1299 XHG=1371 YBD=1918 XHG=1482 XHG=1646 XHG=1744 XHG=1811 XHG=1982 XHG=2046 XHG=2215 XHG=2333 YBD=1925 YHG=1893>EFFICIENCY YBD=1917 YBD=1918 YBD=1910 YBD=1909 YHG=1878>Any YHG=1877>fallacy YHG=1879>due YHG=1878>to YHG=1878>mixing YHG=1878>of YHG=1888>oxygen YHG=1878>with YHG=1878>alveolar

" XBD=2497 XBD=1428 XBD=1518 XBD=1623 XBD=1858 XBD=1975 XBD=2162 XBD=2270 XHG=1371 XHG=1441 XHG=1532 XHG=1638 XHG=1900 XHG=1989 XHG=2175 XHG=2286 YBD=1950 YBD=1951 YBD=1958 YHG=1919>air YHG=1928>was YHG=1919>thus YHG=1919>prevented. YHG=1920>Gas YHG=1919>analyses YHG=1928>were YHG=1919>performed " XBD=1190 XHG=1236 YBD=1979 YHG=1947>The " XBD=1310 XBD=1424 XHG=1110 XBD=1529 XBD=1796 XBD=2095 XBD=2175 XBD=2280 XBD=2497 XHG=1371 YBD=1980 XHG=1463 XHG=1573 XHG=1835 XHG=2136 XHG=2213 XHG=2322 YBD=1999 YHG=1947>effiYBD=1992 YBD=1991 YHG=1959>by YHG=1960>the YHG=1960>Henderson YHG=1960>modification YHG=1959>of YHG=1959>the YHG=1959>Haldane

XBD=1218 XHG=2430 XBD=1311 XHG=1062 YBD=2032 XHG=1266 YBD=2035 YHG=2000>the YBD=2026 YHG=1993>ciency YHG=1993>of " XBD=2497 XBD=1526 XBD=1702 XBD=1806 XBD=1921 XBD=2062 XBD=2213 XBD=2401 XHG=1371 XHG=1560 XHG=1729 XHG=1836 XHG=1949 XHG=2094 XHG=2267 YBD=2033 YBD=2040 YBD=2039 YHG=2000>method YHG=2000>(Peters YHG=2002>and YHG=2001>Van YHG=2001>Slyke YHG=2000>1932). YHG=1999>Where " XBD=2503 XBD=1512 XBD=1740 XBD=1790 XBD=1983 XBD=2050 XBD=2153 XBD=2299 XBD=2400 XHG=1371 XHG=1541 XHG=1765 XHG=1815 XHG=2011 XHG=2076 XHG=2176 XHG=2323 YBD=2081 YHG=2041>less, YBD=2080 YBD=2074 YBD=2073 YHG=2042>sample YHG=2042>contained YHG=2052>a YHG=2051>pressure YHG=2042>of YHG=2042>CO, YHG=2041>which YHG=2051>was XBD=1138 XHG=2425 XBD=1311 XHG=1062 YBD=2077 XHG=1154 YHG=2049>any YHG=2039>method " XBD=2498 XBD=1468 XBD=1539 XBD=1659 XBD=1727 XBD=1938 XBD=2031 XBD=2293 XBD=2396 XHG=1369 XHG=1494 XHG=1567 XHG=1688 XHG=1753 XHG=1965 XHG=2060 XHG=2317 YBD=2123 YBD=2115 YHG=2084>than YHG=2084>38 YHG=2093>mm. YHG=2083>of YHG=2093>mercury, YHG=2084>the YHG=2082>experiment YHG=2092>was XBD=1104 XHG=2423 XBD=1309 XHG=1062 YBD=2114 XHG=1153 YBD=2118 YHG=2082>disYBD=2129 YHG=2086>of YHG=2096>oxygen " XBD=2499 XBD=1519 XBD=1591 XBD=1650 XBD=1754 XBD=1998 XBD=2123 XBD=2381 XHG=1371 XHG=1548 XHG=1617 XHG=1677 XHG=1783 XHG=2026 XHG=2148 YBD=2162 YBD=2164 YBD=2156 YHG=2125>carded, YHG=2134>as YHG=2124>it YHG=2125>had YHG=2125>previously YHG=2124>been YHG=2123>ascertained XBD=1308 XHG=2408 XHG=1062 YBD=2155 YBD=2166 YHG=2123>that YHG=2132>administra " XBD=2499 XBD=1447 XBD=1547 XBD=1636 XBD=1774 XBD=1897 XBD=1961 XBD=2049 XBD=2239 XBD=2432 XHG=1369 XHG=1470 XHG=1571 XHG=1661 XHG=1796 XHG=1922 XHG=1984 XHG=2074 XHG=2264 YBD=2198 YBD=2204 YHG=2166>this YHG=2175>was YHG=2166>lower YHG=2166>limit YHG=2165>of YHG=2166>the YHG=2165>alveolar YHG=2174>pressure " XBD=1170 XHG=2459 XBD=1309 XHG=1061 YBD=2197 XHG=1221 YBD=2213 YHG=2164>of YBD=2212 YHG=2179>tion YHG=2190>can |>" " XBD=1508 XBD=1632 XBD=1892 XBD=1449 XHG=1465 XHG=1526 XHG=1651 XHG=1371 YBD=2238 YBD=2239 YBD=2246 YHG=2207>in YHG=2207>these YHG=2208>002 " XBD=1309 XBD=1151 XHG=1237 XBD=1217 XHG=1062 YBD=2259 XHG=1170 YBD=2267 YHG=2207>individuals. YHG=2225>only YHG=2226>be YHG=2226>dis" XBD=1311 XBD=1221 XHG=1061 YBD=2306 YHG=2272>covered XBD=1466 XHG=1257 XBD=1565 XBD=1613 XBD=1700 XBD=1942 XBD=2003 XBD=2170 XBD=2229 XBD=2316 XBD=2445 XBD=2498 XHG=1420 YBD=2314 XHG=1487 XHG=1590 XHG=1632 XHG=1718 XHG=1964 XHG=2023 XHG=2190 XHG=2250 XHG=2336 XHG=2466 YBD=2313 YHG=2272>by YBD=2320 YBD=2311 YBD=2321 YBD=2312 YHG=2281>In YHG=2279>Fig. YHG=2281>4 YHG=2279>the YHG=2280>percentage YHG=2279>of YHG=2289>oxygen YHG=2277>in YHG=2278>the YHG=2278>lungs YHG=2278>is " XBD=1309 XHG=1061 YBD=2361 XBD=1519 XHG=2430 XBD=1691 XBD=1783 XBD=1890 XBD=2064 XBD=2128 XBD=2299 XBD=2404 XBD=2498 XHG=1370 YBD=2358 XHG=1545 XHG=1716 XHG=1806 XHG=1915 XHG=2088 XHG=2152 XHG=2324 YBD=2368 YHG=2319>measuring YBD=2367 YBD=2357 YBD=2366 YHG=2326>plotted YHG=2326>against YHG=2325>the YHG=2326>rate YHG=2324>of YHG=2325>of YHG=2334>oxygen YHG=2325>into YHG=2324>the flow XBD=1127 XHG=2430 XBD=1309 XHG=1060 YBD=2404 XHG=1139 YBD=2398 YHG=2370>the YBD=2407 YHG=2364>the YHG=2367>percent" XBD=2498 XBD=1489 XBD=1584 XBD=1645 XBD=1859 XBD=1986 XBD=2123 XBD=2285 XBD=2401 XHG=1371 XHG=1546 XHG=1613 XHG=1675 XHG=1888 XHG=2015 XHG=2150 XHG=2313 YBD=2406 YBD=2405 YBD=2413 YBD=2403 YHG=2372>mask. YHG=2373>It YHG=2372>is YHG=2372>apparent YHG=2371>from YHG=2371>these YHG=2370>results YHG=2370>that XBD=1129 XHG=2215 XBD=1194 XBD=1308 XHG=1060 YBD=2460 XHG=1154 XHG=1218 YBD=2453 YHG=2417>administering YBD=2445 YBD=2452 YHG=2420>age YHG=2412>of YHG=2421>oxy" XBD=2498 XBD=1477 XBD=1609 XBD=1667 XBD=1743 XBD=1941 XBD=2124 XBD=2189 XHG=1371 XHG=1502 XHG=1636 XHG=1695 XHG=1770 XHG=1967 XHG=2150 YBD=2451 YBD=2450 YBD=2449 YHG=2418>nasal YHG=2417>mask YHG=2417>is YHG=2427>an YHG=2417>effective YHG=2417>method YHG=2417>of XBD=1131 XHG=2347 XBD=1206 XBD=1310 XHG=1059 YBD=2505 XHG=1166 XHG=1243 YBD=2499 YHG=2463>usually YBD=2491 YBD=2489 YHG=2468>gen YHG=2458>in YHG=2457>the " XBD=2497 XBD=1528 XBD=1658 XBD=1778 XBD=1841 XBD=2012 XBD=2076 XBD=2166 XBD=2325 XHG=1372 XHG=1580 XHG=1682 XHG=1802 XHG=1865 XHG=2036 XHG=2099 XHG=2191 YBD=2506 YBD=2495 YBD=2496 YHG=2474>oxygen. YHG=2463>The YHG=2463>level YHG=2463>of YHG=2473>oxygen YHG=2463>in YHG=2462>the YHG=2463>alveoli " XBD=1310 XBD=1178 XHG=1058 YBD=2547 YHG=2504>lungs. XBD=1656 XHG=1220 XBD=1716 XBD=1801 XBD=1919 XBD=1995 XBD=2248 XBD=2446 XBD=2497 XHG=1370 YBD=2536 XHG=1675 XHG=1734 XHG=1819 XHG=1936 XHG=2012 XHG=2266 XHG=2465 YBD=2544 YHG=2503>This YBD=2541 YBD=2542 YBD=2550 YBD=2551 YBD=2543 YHG=2510>recommended YHG=2519>as YHG=2509>the YHG=2509>ideal YHG=2509>for YHG=2508>therapeutic YHG=2519>purposes YHG=2509>is " XBD=1308 XHG=1059 YHG=2550>has " XBD=1143 XBD=1416 XHG=1192 XBD=1502 XBD=1616 XBD=1693 XBD=1850 XBD=1908 XBD=1947 XBD=2070 XBD=2128 XBD=2291 XBD=2334 XBD=2497 XHG=1372 YBD=2583 XHG=1435 XHG=1520 XHG=1659 XHG=1712 XHG=1869 XHG=1928 XHG=1966 XHG=2088 XHG=2145 XHG=2311 XHG=2352 YBD=2598 YHG=2550>been YBD=2590 YBD=2597 YBD=2599 YBD=2588 YBD=2589 YHG=2559>40 YHG=2566>per YHG=2558>cent. YHG=2556>A YHG=2555>supply YHG=2555>of YHG=2557>3 YHG=2555>litres YHG=2556>of YHG=2566>oxygen YHG=2566>a YHG=2556>minute " XBD=1162 XHG=1210 YBD=2630 YHG=2596>with " XBD=1308 XBD=1402 XHG=1061 XBD=1474 XBD=1582 XBD=1636 XBD=1832 XBD=1894 XBD=2041 XBD=2140 XBD=2257 XBD=2317 XBD=2496 XHG=1371 YBD=2629 XHG=1426 XHG=1495 XHG=1604 XHG=1657 XHG=1853 XHG=1919 XHG=2063 XHG=2161 XHG=2278 XHG=2339 YBD=2634 YHG=2597>done YBD=2635 YBD=2644 YHG=2604>is YHG=2602>all YHG=2602>that YHG=2602>is YHG=2602>required YHG=2603>to YHG=2602>attain YHG=2602>this YHG=2602>level YHG=2603>in YHG=2602>healthy

" XBD=1213 XBD=1310 XBD=1160 XHG=1058 XHG=1173 YBD=2674 YBD=2676 YHG=2644>rates YHG=2641>of XBD=1605 XHG=1224 XHG=1371 YBD=2675 YBD=2683 YHG=2642>flow YHG=2648>individuals.

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XBD=1308 XBD=1101 XBD=1497 XBD=1688 XBD=1758 XBD=1853 XBD=1957 XBD=2019 XBD=2088 XBD=2233 XBD=2427 XBD=2498 XBD=1307 XBD=1517 XBD=1600 XBD=1837 XBD=1899 XBD=1971 XBD=2070 XBD=2209 XBD=2330 XBD=2497 XBD=1156 XBD=1220 XBD=1307 XBD=1601 XBD=1686 XBD=1738 XBD=1955 XBD=2015 XBD=2213 XBD=2274 XBD=2376 XBD=2436 XBD=2497

XHG=1158 XHG=1060 XHG=1418 XHG=1526 XHG=1718 XHG=1787 XHG=1882 XHG=1987 XHG=2048 XHG=2121 XHG=2262 XHG=2458 XHG=1060 XHG=1372 XHG=1549 XHG=1634 XHG=1868 XHG=1930 XHG=2003 XHG=2100 XHG=2241 XHG=2362 XHG=1058 XHG=1204 XHG=1266 XHG=1370 XHG=1648 XHG=1706 XHG=1758 XHG=1976 XHG=2033 XHG=2233 XHG=2292 XHG=2395 XHG=2456

YBD=2729 YBD=2721 YBD=2743 YBD=2733 YBD=2744 YBD=2734 YBD=2776 YBD=2779 YBD=2789 YBD=2788 YBD=2790 YBD=2813 YBD=2811 YBD=2810 YBD=2825 YBD=2834 YBD=2826

YHG=2697>oxygen YHG=2689>of YHG=2701>The YHG=2711>purpose YHG=2701>the YHG=2701>bag YHG=2700>is YHG=2702>to YHG=2701>avoid YHG=2703>wastage YHG=2701>of YHG=2734>varying YHG=2758>oxygen YHG=2748>by YHG=2747>delivering YHG=2747>it YHG=2748>to YHG=2747>the YHG=2746>lungs YHG=2747>only YHG=2747>during YHG=2780>from YHG=2782>1 YHG=2780>to YHG=2793>inspiration. YHG=2794>It YHG=2793>is YHG=2793>obviously YHG=2793>of YHG=2793>practical YHG=2793>well YHG=2803>as YHG=2794>of

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XBD=1306 XBD=1460 XBD=1572 XBD=1779 XBD=1852 XBD=2077 XBD=2219 XBD=2320 XBD=2429 XBD=2496 XBD=1166 XBD=1306 XBD=1573 XBD=1745 XBD=1802 XBD=1906 XBD=1983 XBD=2171 XBD=2236 XBD=2492

XHG=1058 XHG=1367 XHG=1494 XHG=1607 XHG=1813 XHG=1888 XHG=2111 XHG=2254 XHG=2355 XHG=2464 XHG=1058 XHG=1189 XHG=1369 XHG=1625 XHG=1771 XHG=1829 XHG=1934 XHG=2009 XHG=2197 XHG=2264

YBD=3133 YBD=3154 YBD=3146 YBD=3153 YBD=3144 YBD=3172 YBD=3167 YBD=3189 YBD=3191 YBD=3190 YBD=3192

YHG=3096>healthy YHG=3122>very YHG=3113>real YHG=3112>decrease YHG=3112>in YHG=3112>efficiency YHG=3114>when YHG=3113>the YHG=3113>bag YHG=3112>is YHG=3140>adult YHG=3136>males YHG=3158>discarded. YHG=3157>There YHG=3158>is YHG=3158>also YHG=3168>an YHG=3159>increase YHG=3159>in YHG=3158>discomfort.

" XBD=1105 XBD=1247 XHG=1063 XHG=1143 YBD=2860 YBD=2859 YHG=2830>10 YHG=2827>litres " XBD=1308 XBD=1589 XHG=1286 XBD=1765 XBD=1827 XBD=1961 XBD=2068 XBD=2145 XBD=2241 XBD=2496 XHG=1370 YBD=2855 XHG=1609 XHG=1787 XHG=1850 XHG=1981 XHG=2085 XHG=2165 XHG=2264 YBD=2870 YHG=2834>a YBD=2871 YBD=2872 YHG=2839>theoretical YHG=2839>interest YHG=2840>to YHG=2838>know YHG=2838>how YHG=2839>far YHG=2839>this YHG=2839>contributes " XBD=1215 XHG=1059 YBD=2905 " XBD=2497 |>" XBD=1410 XBD=1507 XBD=1727 XBD=1797 XBD=1892 XBD=2088 XBD=2288 XBD=2348 XBD=2425 XBD=2596XHG=2456 XHG=1370 XHG=1441 XHG=1537 XHG=1758 XHG=1825 XHG=1923 XHG=2147 XHG=2317 XHG=2378 XHG=2592YBD=2917 YBD=2925 YBD=2916 YBD=2919 YBD=2918 YBD=2896YHG=2873>minute. YHG=2886>to YHG=2885>efficiency YHG=2884>the YHG=2884>method. YHG=2885>Should YHG=2885>it YHG=2885>be YHG=2885>of YHG=2889>’ XBD=1169 XHG=2349 XBD=1306 XHG=1106 YBD=2963 XHG=1184 YBD=2967 YHG=2930>discard YBD=2966 YHG=2936>All YHG=2934>obser" XBD=2496 XBD=1490 XBD=1747 XBD=1803 XBD=1948 XBD=2021 XBD=2249 XBD=2314 XHG=1370 XHG=1514 XHG=1772 XHG=1828 XHG=1973 XHG=2042 XHG=2273 YBD=2962 YBD=2971 YBD=2972 YBD=2964 YHG=2931>minor YHG=2931>importance YHG=2930>it YHG=2929>might YHG=2930>be YHG=2931>preferable YHG=2932>to " XHG=1058 YBD=3008 YHG=2976>v " XBD=1306 XBD=1435 XHG=1289 XBD=1528 XBD=1756 XBD=1852 XBD=2067 XBD=2151 XBD=2317 XBD=2496 XHG=1369 YBD=3004 XHG=1454 XHG=1547 XHG=1776 XHG=1870 XHG=2085 XHG=2170 XHG=2338 YBD=3008 YHG=2984>s YBD=3007 YBD=3009 YBD=3018 YBD=3017 YHG=2976>baga t i o n YHG=2976>altogether YHG=2976>and YHG=2976>introduce YHG=2976>the YHG=2987>oxygen YHG=2976>directly XBD=1159 XHG=2306 XBD=1304 XHG=1057 YBD=3063 XHG=1186 YBD=3050 YHG=3022>efficiency YBD=3046 YHG=3028>were YHG=3016>made "" XBD=2496 XBD=1448 XBD=1531 XBD=1654 XBD=1788 XBD=1877 XBD=1972 XBD=2015 XBD=2063 XBD=2207 XBD=2289 XHG=1368 XHG=1465 XHG=1547 XHG=1669 XHG=1831 XHG=1894 XHG=1993 XHG=2031 XHG=2079 XHG=2223 YBD=3053 YBD=3055 YBD=3056 YBD=3054 YHG=3022>into YHG=3021>the YHG=3022>nasal YHG=3021>mask. YHG=3022>In YHG=3021>Fig. YHG=3024>5 YHG=3022>is YHG=3022>shown YHG=3023>the " XBD=1134 XHG=1060 YBD=3090 YHG=3069>on " XBD=1305 XBD=1408 XHG=1179 XBD=1496 XBD=1628 XBD=1743 XBD=1844 XBD=2028 XBD=2118 XBD=2224 XBD=2393 XBD=2448 XBD=2496 XHG=1369 YBD=3087 XHG=1430 XHG=1519 XHG=1649 XHG=1768 XHG=1866 XHG=2051 XHG=2141 XHG=2275 XHG=2417 XHG=2472 YBD=3100 YHG=3057>two YBD=3110 YBD=3099 YHG=3068>of YHG=3066>the YHG=3067>mask YHG=3066>with YHG=3067>and YHG=3067>without YHG=3067>the YHG=3068>bag. YHG=3067>There YHG=3067>is YHG=3076>a

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XBD=1305 XBD=1209 XBD=1446 XBD=1726 XBD=1840 XBD=1906 XBD=2081 XBD=2272 XBD=2365 XBD=2495 XBD=1107 XBD=1193 XBD=1303 XBD=1488 XBD=1644 XBD=1762 XBD=1855 XBD=1955 XBD=2021 XBD=2124 XBD=2183 XBD=2280 XBD=2495 XBD=1305

XHG=1229 XHG=1062 XHG=1367 XHG=1472 XHG=1754 XHG=1867 XHG=1934 XHG=2107 XHG=2298 XHG=2391 XHG=1060 XHG=1148 XHG=1236 XHG=1366 XHG=1515 XHG=1669 XHG=1788 XHG=1882 XHG=1982 XHG=2047 XHG=2152 XHG=2209 XHG=2305 XHG=1057

YBD=3207 YBD=3219 YBD=3235 YBD=3245 YBD=3244 YBD=3234 YBD=3241 YBD=3250 YBD=3253 YBD=3290 YBD=3281 YBD=3286 YBD=3280 YBD=3289 YBD=3294

YHG=3176>and YHG=3179>(C.E.G. YHG=3203>The YHG=3203>intermittent YHG=3203>flow YHG=3203>of YHG=3213>oxygen YHG=3202>through YHG=3202>the YHG=3212>nose, YHG=3222>R. YHG=3220>V. YHG=3217>C.), YHG=3247>which YHG=3258>occurs YHG=3248>with YHG=3247>the YHG=3249>bag YHG=3249>in YHG=3259>use, YHG=3249>is YHG=3248>less YHG=3247>irritating YHG=3262>whose

" XBD=2378 XBD=2495 XBD=1461 XBD=1600 XBD=1814 XBD=1877 XBD=2145 XBD=2219 XBD=2281 XHG=1367 XHG=1491 XHG=1632 XHG=1846 XHG=1909 XHG=2178 XHG=2249 XHG=2311 YBD=3326 YBD=3332 YHG=3293>than YHG=3293>when YHG=3294>is YHG=3294>continuous, YHG=3303>as YHG=3293>is YHG=3293>the XBD=1164 XHG=2410 XBD=1304 XHG=1215 YBD=3325 XHG=1058 YBD=3333 YHG=3302>case YBD=3335 YHG=3306>oxy-flow YHG=3301>basal

" " " ""

XBD=2494 XBD=1147 XBD=1304 XBD=1527 XBD=1632 XBD=1753 XBD=1897 XBD=1960 XBD=2076 XBD=2390 XBD=1306 XBD=1599 XBD=1663 XBD=1827 XBD=1917 XBD=2014 XBD=2127 XBD=2215 XBD=2338 XBD=2494 XBD=1160 XBD=1304 XBD=1388 XBD=1481 XBD=1536 XBD=1572 XBD=1678 XBD=1786 XBD=1936 XBD=2114 XBD=2302 XBD=2396 XBD=2495 XBD=1173 XBD=1304

XHG=2427 XHG=1059 XHG=1196 XHG=1366 XHG=1565 XHG=1669 XHG=1818 XHG=1939 XHG=2000 XHG=2117 XHG=1059 XHG=1366 XHG=1623 XHG=1685 XHG=1849 XHG=1939 XHG=2036 XHG=2149 XHG=2238 XHG=2387 XHG=1056 XHG=1209 XHG=1369 XHG=1404 XHG=1497 XHG=1553 XHG=1589 XHG=1696 XHG=1800 XHG=1950 XHG=2134 XHG=2322 XHG=2419 XHG=1059 XHG=1223 ·

-

YBD=3369 YBD=3372 YBD=3381 YBD=3373 YBD=3371 YBD=3370 YBD=3419 YBD=3424 YBD=3417 YBD=3425 YBD=3416 YBD=3415 YBD=3455 YBD=3448 YBD=3462 YBD=3463 YBD=3471 YBD=3461 YBD=3460 YBD=3469 YBD=3459 YBD=3495 YBD=3489

-

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-

YHG=3353>gen YHG=3348>conYHG=3338>without YHG=3338>the YHG=3339>bag. YHG=3340>Fig. YHG=3343>5 YHG=3339>also YHG=3339>demonstrates YHG=3378>sumption YHG=3385>importance YHG=3385>of YHG=3384>having YHG=3384>the YHG=3386>bag YHG=3394>near YHG=3383>the YHG=3393>nose. YHG=3383>With YHG=3432>was YHG=3417>226 YHG=3431>3 YHG=3429>feet YHG=3429>of YHG=3431>7 YHG=3438>mm. YHG=3430>bore YHG=3430>tubing YHG=3429>inserted YHG=3428>between YHG=3428>bag YHG=3428>and YHG=3473>c.cm. YHG=3458>and

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offlow """ XBD=2425 XBD=1474 XBD=1598 XBD=1648 XBD=1690 XBD=1962 XBD=2151 XBD=2207 XHG=1367 XHG=1491 XHG=1616 XHG=1666 XHG=1708 XHG=1981 XHG=2168 XHG=2226 YBD=3505 YBD=3507 YBD=3506 YBD=3504 YBD=3513 YHG=3474>mask YHG=3474>there YHG=3474>is YHG=3484>a YHG=3475>considerable YHG=3475>decrease YHG=3473>in YHG=3473>efficiency. XBD=376 XBD=585 XBD=733 XBD=855 XBD=918 XBD=1009 XHG=304 XHG=547 XHG=608 XHG=748 XHG=933 YBD=3508 YBD=3522 YBD=3520 YBD=3515 YHG=3475>Rate YHG=3477>of YHG=3477>Oxygen YHG=3474>(titles YHG=3484>per YHG=3474>min.) XBD=1134XHG=868 XBD=1304 XHG=1058 XHG=1185 YBD=3534 YBD=3530 YHG=3504>265 YHG=3507>c.cm. ""|>|>" XBD=1454 XBD=1600 XBD=1675 XBD=1865 XBD=1979 XBD=2071 XBD=2255 XBD=2321 XHG=1416 XHG=1480 XHG=1628 XHG=1700 XHG=1891 XHG=2004 XHG=2097 XHG=2281 XHG=2347 YBD=3553 YBD=3561 YBD=3552 YBD=3550 YBD=3551 YHG=3521>It YHG=3519>might YHG=3520>be YHG=3519>thought YHG=3520>that YHG=3518>the YHG=3520>amount YHG=3518>of YHG=3517>suction XBD=283 XBD=325 XBD=558 XBD=614 XBD=718 XBD=935 XBD=1020 XBD=515 XHG=216 XHG=299 XHG=525 XHG=567 XHG=629 XHG=730 XHG=952 XHG=362 YBD=3567 YBD=3568 YBD=3575 YBD=3572 YBD=3573 YBD=3573 YBD=3574 YHG=3538>FIG. YHG=3544>4. YHG=3547>of YHG=3547>the YHG=3548>nasal YHG=3548>mask.-The YHG=3547>rate YHG=3544>Efficiency "" XBD=2495 XBD=1139 XBD=1304 XHG=1056 XHG=1187 YBD=3583 YBD=3570 YHG=3554>per YHG=3539>min. XBD=1520 XBD=1602 XBD=1701 XBD=1808 XBD=1965 XBD=2044 XBD=2272 XBD=2397 XHG=1368 XHG=1554 XHG=1634 XHG=1734 XHG=1839 XHG=1997 XHG=2076 XHG=2304 XHG=2429 YBD=3596 YBD=3606 YBD=3597 YBD=3604 YBD=3595 YBD=3594 YHG=3565>exerted YHG=3575>on YHG=3565>the YHG=3566>bag YHG=3565>would YHG=3564>be YHG=3562>negligible YHG=3562>with YHG=3562>the XBD=279 XHG=850 XBD=361 XBD=412 XBD=551 XBD=640 XBD=720 XBD=836 XBD=878 XBD=1016 XHG=250 XHG=297 XHG=381 XHG=432 XHG=571 XHG=664 XHG=743 XHG=892YBD=3602 YBD=3599 YBD=3601 YBD=3604 YBD=3608 YHG=3575>of YHG=3575>flow YHG=3576>of YHG=3581>oxygen YHG=3576>into YHG=3577>the YHG=3578>mask YHG=3578>is YHG=3578>plotted " XBD=2496 XBD=1172 XBD=1305 XHG=1057 XHG=1220 YBD=3614 YBD=3609 YHG=3584>Both YHG=3579>had " XBD=361 XBD=449 XBD=659 XBD=721 XBD=870 XBD=930 XHG=249 XHG=389 XHG=473 XHG=687 XHG=747 XHG=897 XHG=962 YBD=3631 YBD=3635 YBD=3637 YBD=3633 YHG=3606>against YHG=3606>the’ YHG=3606>percentage YHG=3608>of YHG=3614>oxygen YHG=3608>the """ XBD=1019 XBD=1501 XBD=1607 XBD=1720 XBD=1847 XBD=1982 XBD=2032 XBD=2118 XBD=2188 XBD=2273 XBD=2323 XBD=2409 XBD=2498 XHG=1368 XHG=1519 XHG=1624 XHG=1740 XHG=1893 XHG=2001 XHG=2051 XHG=2138 XHG=2235 XHG=2291 XHG=2341 XHG=2428 YBD=3642 YBD=3649 YBD=3641 YBD=3640 YBD=3639 YHG=3610>mouth YHG=3609>held YHG=3610>wide YHG=3619>open. YHG=3610>This YHG=3609>is YHG=3610>not YHG=3618>so. YHG=3609>It YHG=3607>is YHG=3609>not YHG=3607>the XBD=1305 XHG=1055YBD=3633 YBD=3662YHG=3609>in YHG=3619>previously XBD=374 XHG=655 XBD=433 XBD=535 XBD=585 XBD=639 XBD=718 XHG=250 XHG=388 XHG=449 XHG=550 XHG=600 YBD=3664 YBD=3662 YBD=3667 YHG=3635>alveolar YHG=3637>air YHG=3636>(Case YHG=3637>0. YHG=3637>E. YHG=3636>G.).

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XBD=1302 XBD=334 XBD=398 XBD=488 XBD=646 XBD=756 XBD=966 XBD=1056 XBD=1237 XHG=170 XHG=360 XHG=421 XHG=512 XHG=670 XHG=990 XHG=1081 XHG=1263 YBD=329 YBD=339 YBD=330 YBD=330 YHG=296>position YHG=297>of YHG=295>the YHG=295>mouth YHG=296>that YHG=297>regulates YHG=297>the YHG=299>amount YHG=298>of XBD=1818XHG=780 XBD=1893 XBD=2132 XHG=1720 XHG=1844 XHG=1917 YBD=351 YHG=325>EASE YHG=326>OF YHG=324>OPERATION XBD=336 XHG=759 XBD=421 XBD=573 XBD=730 XBD=925 XBD=1021 XBD=1166 XBD=1240 XBD=1303 XHG=170 XHG=367 XHG=450 XHG=602 XHG=954YBD=387 XHG=1050 XHG=1210 XHG=1272 YBD=376 YBD=377 YBD=385 YBD=377 YBD=383YHG=342>through YBD=377 YBD=378 YHG=343>respired YHG=343>air YHG=342>which YHG=353>passes YHG=344>the YHG=354>nose ; YHG=344>it YHG=345>is XBD=1572 XBD=1697 XBD=1746 XBD=1812 XBD=2014 XBD=2070 XBD=2267 XBD=2342 XBD=2452 XHG=1414 XHG=1590 XHG=1715 XHG=1764 XHG=1834 XHG=2032 XHG=2088 XHG=2282 XHG=2358 YBD=430 YBD=420 YBD=429 YBD=421 YHG=387>Usually YHG=387>there YHG=387>is YHG=399>no YHG=387>difficulty YHG=386>in YHG=385>adjusting YHG=387>the YHG=388>mask XBD=237 XHG=782 XBD=423 XBD=487 XBD=576 XBD=697 XBD=760 XBD=849 XBD=1013 XBD=1113 XBD=1202 XBD=1302 XHG=170 XHG=259 XHG=448 XHG=509 XHG=599 XHG=721 XHG=871YBD=424 XHG=1037 XHG=1136 XHG=1226 YBD=425 YBD=433 YBD=423 YBD=434 YBD=424YHG=390>the YBD=425 YHG=391>position YHG=390>back YHG=391>of YHG=392>tongue YHG=391>and YHG=391>the YHG=392>soft XBD=1406 XBD=1475 XBD=1575 XBD=1691 XBD=1754 XBD=1868 XBD=2018 XBD=2209 XBD=2290 XBD=2406 XBD=2453 XHG=1366 XHG=1430 XHG=1500 XHG=1598 XHG=1715 XHG=1775 XHG=1920 XHG=2041 XHG=2229 XHG=2310 XHG=2425 YBD=477 YBD=476 YBD=468 YBD=470 YBD=475 YBD=466 YBD=467 YHG=435>to YHG=434>fit YHG=445>any YHG=435>type YHG=435>of YHG=435>face. YHG=434>Once YHG=433>adjusted YHG=434>the YHG=434>mask YHG=434>is XBD=307 XHG=807 XBD=456 XBD=539 XBD=653 XBD=709 XBD=791 XBD=949 XBD=1087 XBD=1303 XHG=169 XHG=350 XHG=472 XHG=555 XHG=670 XHG=725 XHG=964YBD=481 XHG=1102 YBD=480 YBD=471 YBD=472 YBD=482YHG=439>tongue YHG=438>palate. YHG=437>With YHG=437>back YHG=438>of YHG=437>the YHG=438>raised YHG=438>breathing XBD=1499 XBD=1569 XBD=1756 XBD=1863 XBD=1940 XBD=2210 XBD=2454 XHG=1367 XHG=1529 XHG=1602 XHG=1787 XHG=1892 XHG=1972 XHG=2236 YBD=523 YBD=514 YBD=522 YBD=513 YHG=481>simple YHG=483>to YHG=483>operate YHG=481>and YHG=491>no YHG=480>complicated YHG=480>instructions XBD=258 XHG=890 XBD=332 XBD=519 XBD=652 XBD=864 XBD=957 XBD=1119 XBD=1179 XBD=1302 XHG=168 XHG=285 XHG=361 XHG=546 XHG=681 XHG=984YBD=518 XHG=1147 XHG=1205 YBD=527 YBD=528 YBD=519 YBD=519YHG=485>the YBD=520 YHG=495>may YHG=485>be YHG=485>entirely YHG=484>nasal YHG=485>although YHG=485>mouth YHG=485>is YHG=485>wide XBD=1430 XBD=1663 XBD=1754 XBD=1847 XBD=1948 XBD=2044 XBD=2116 XBD=2223 XBD=2286 XBD=2455 XHG=1367 XHG=1457 XHG=1719 XHG=1781 XHG=1874 XHG=1976 XHG=2071 XHG=2143 XHG=2248 XHG=2313 YBD=561 YBD=570 YBD=560 YBD=559 YBD=567 YHG=538>are YHG=537>necessary. YHG=528>If YHG=528>the YHG=528>bag YHG=536>can YHG=527>be YHG=536>seen YHG=528>to YHG=526>collapse XBD=274 XHG=779 XBD=428 XBD=515 XBD=611 XBD=760 XBD=915 XBD=1137 XBD=1188 XBD=1298 XHG=167 XHG=321 XHG=448 XHG=536 XHG=631 XHG=936YBD=572 XHG=1157 XHG=1210 YBD=575 YBD=566 YBD=565 YBD=574 YBD=576 YBD=566YHG=532>raised, YHG=542>open. YHG=531>With YHG=531>the YHG=532>soft YHG=532>palate YHG=532>breathing YHG=533>is YHG=533>oral. XBD=1419 XBD=1533 XBD=1575 XBD=1696 XBD=1753 XBD=1796 XBD=1899 XBD=1956 XBD=2021 XBD=2181 XBD=2242 XBD=2455 XHG=1367 XHG=1436 XHG=1552 XHG=1592 XHG=1712 XHG=1773 XHG=1812 XHG=1917 XHG=1972 XHG=2037 XHG=2198 XHG=2258 YBD=618 YBD=608 YBD=607 YBD=615 YHG=575>by YHG=575>from YHG=574>third YHG=576>to YHG=585>a YHG=574>fifth YHG=575>of YHG=574>its YHG=573>volume YHG=584>on YHG=573>inspiration XBD=212 XHG=845 XBD=291 XBD=380 XBD=665 XBD=819 XBD=883 XBD=1008 XBD=1060 XBD=1160 XBD=1209 XBD=1301 XHG=167 XHG=241 XHG=313 XHG=405 XHG=691 XHG=909YBD=612 XHG=1037 XHG=1086 XHG=1188 XHG=1235 YBD=613 YBD=614 YBD=623 YBD=614YHG=579>in YBD=613 YHG=580>In YHG=579>all YHG=579>the YHG=579>observations YHG=579>shown YHG=580>Figs. YHG=581>4 YHG=581>and YHG=582>5 YHG=580>the XBD=1399 XBD=1496 XBD=1569 XBD=1770 XBD=1881 XBD=1972 XBD=2139 XBD=2193 XBD=2384 XBD=2455 XHG=1367 XHG=1426 XHG=1521 XHG=1595 XHG=1794 XHG=1906 XHG=1996 XHG=2163 XHG=2216 XHG=2405 YBD=656 YBD=655 YBD=654 YBD=663 YBD=653 YHG=623>it YHG=633>can YHG=622>be YHG=622>assumed YHG=621>that YHG=620>the YHG=621>patient YHG=621>is YHG=620>receiving YHG=619>his XBD=348 XHG=923 XBD=462 XBD=632 XBD=764 XBD=887 XBD=962 XBD=1022 XBD=1305 XHG=170 XHG=385 XHG=497 XHG=667 XHG=799 XHG=1000YBD=660 XHG=1060 YBD=670 YBD=661 YBD=661YHG=627>in YBD=662 YHG=627>pharynx YHG=627>and YHG=627>mouth YHG=638>were YHG=627>held YHG=638>a YHG=628>comfortable XBD=1487 XBD=1553 XBD=1728 XBD=1832 XBD=1933 XBD=2139 XBD=2306 XBD=2456 XHG=1368 XHG=1514 XHG=1580 XHG=1755 XHG=1858 XHG=1961 XHG=2164 XHG=2331 YBD=712 YBD=702 YBD=711 YBD=710 YBD=701 YHG=671>quota YHG=669>of YHG=679>oxygen YHG=669>and YHG=679>any YHG=669>apparent YHG=668>leakage YHG=668>around XBD=324 XHG=884 XBD=518 XBD=615 XBD=680 XBD=866 XBD=962 XBD=1092 XBD=1150 XBD=1304 XHG=170 XHG=340 XHG=538 XHG=632 XHG=701 XHG=981YBD=708 XHG=1109 XHG=1171 YBD=709 YBD=717 YBD=709 YBD=709YHG=685>was YHG=675>relaxed YHG=675>position, YHG=675>and YHG=685>no YHG=676>attempt YHG=675>made YHG=677>to YHG=675>deflect XBD=1433 XBD=1659 XBD=1751 XBD=1820 XBD=2084 XBD=2205 XBD=2455 XHG=1366YBD=757 XHG=1449 XHG=1681 XHG=1772 XHG=1838 XHG=2130 XHG=2224 YBD=750YHG=722>mouth. YBD=758 YBD=757 YBD=748 YBD=749 YHG=716>the should YHG=716>nose-piece YHG=726>can YHG=716>be YHG=715>disregarded. YHG=714>The YHG=713>nurse XBD=225 XHG=690 XBD=410 XBD=497 XBD=607 XBD=669 XBD=836 XHG=170 XHG=245 XHG=430 XHG=517 XHG=628 YBD=765 YBD=755 YBD=756 YHG=723>air YHG=722>through YHG=722>the YHG=732>nose YHG=733>or XBD=1415 XBD=1653 XBD=1720 XBD=1893 XBD=1986 XBD=2117 XBD=2379 XBD=2456 XHG=1367 XHG=1442 XHG=1678 XHG=1748 XHG=1920 XHG=2012 XHG=2143 XHG=2425 YBD=797 YBD=805 YBD=796 YBD=804 YBD=795 YHG=763>be YHG=763>instructed YHG=764>to YHG=763>inspect YHG=762>the YHG=761>mask YHG=760>occasionally. YHG=762>If XBD=297 XBD=501 XBD=566 XBD=656 XBD=757 XBD=814 XBD=1010 XBD=1104 XBD=1208 XBD=1303 XHG=219 XHG=324 XHG=527 XHG=590 XHG=682 XHG=781 XHG=839 XHG=1036 XHG=1130 XHG=1235 YBD=825 YBD=833 YBD=824 YBD=825 YBD=824 YBD=825 YHG=792>The YHG=792>capacity YHG=792>of YHG=792>the YHG=792>bag YHG=792>is YHG=792>between YHG=793>300 YHG=792>and YHG=793>350 XBD=1434 XBD=1544 XBD=1741 XBD=1871 XBD=2113 XBD=2360 XBD=2456 XHG=1367 XHG=1469 XHG=1577 XHG=1775 XHG=1918 XHG=2145 XHG=2399 YBD=853 YBD=844 YBD=842 YBD=852 YBD=843 YHG=810>the YHG=810>bag YHG=810>remains YHG=809>fully YHG=809>distended YHG=808>throughout YHG=808>the XBD=279 XBD=362 XBD=528 XBD=678 XBD=757 XBD=1007 XBD=1220 XBD=1303 XHG=172 XHG=326 XHG=384 XHG=548 XHG=698 XHG=777 XHG=1028 XHG=1241 YBD=866 YBD=867 YBD=875 YBD=874 YBD=866 YHG=844>c.cm. YHG=835>If YHG=834>certain YHG=835>values YHG=835>for YHG=834>respiratory YHG=835>exchange YHG=845>are XBD=1597 XBD=1724 XBD=1819 XBD=2049 XBD=2137 XBD=2254 XBD=2453 XHG=1367 XHG=1622 XHG=1752 XHG=1843 XHG=2071 XHG=2164 XHG=2282 YBD=900 YBD=890 YBD=899 YBD=889 YBD=898 YHG=858>respiratory YHG=856>cycle YHG=856>the YHG=857>nose-piece YHG=855>has YHG=856>been YHG=855>displaced. XBD=322 XHG=859 XBD=404 XBD=565 XBD=623 XBD=788 XBD=845 XBD=926 XBD=1016 XBD=1155 XBD=1304 XHG=171 XHG=338 XHG=423 XHG=581 XHG=637 XHG=806 XHG=942YBD=908 XHG=1030 XHG=1170 YBD=915 YBD=917 YBD=909 YBD=916 YBD=909YHG=877>the YHG=876>known, YHG=877>change YHG=877>in YHG=877>volume YHG=877>of YHG=877>bag YHG=877>which YHG=877>should

" " "" "" "" " " " " " "

XBD=1986 XBD=1441 XBD=1538 XBD=1624 XBD=1736 XHG=1368 XHG=1461 XHG=1556 XHG=1642 XHG=1754 YBD=985 YBD=984 YBD=986 YBD=993 YHG=952>rise YHG=952>and YHG=951>fall YHG=950>with YHG=951>respiration. XBD=365 XHG=711 XBD=458 XBD=622 XBD=688 XBD=933 XBD=1052 XBD=1256 XBD=1306 XHG=172 XHG=387 XHG=477 XHG=641 XHG=978YBD=993 XHG=1071 XHG=1276 YBD=1001 YBD=993 YBD=999YHG=960>calculated. YBD=992 YHG=971>can YHG=961>be YHG=960>efficiency YHG=962>readily YHG=961>For YHG=960>instance, YHG=961>if XBD=206 XHG=730 XBD=281 XBD=487 XBD=606 XBD=701 XBD=968 XBD=1071 XBD=1133 XBD=1208 XBD=1305 XHG=172 XHG=235 XHG=311 XHG=516 XHG=634 XHG=988YBD=1043 XHG=1100 XHG=1163 XHG=1239 YBD=1034 YBD=1035 YBD=1034 YBD=1034YHG=1002>respiratory YBD=1033 YBD=1042 YHG=1001>it YHG=1003>be YHG=1004>assumed YHG=1003>that YHG=1002>the YHG=1002>rate YHG=1002>is YHG=1002>20 YHG=1013>per XBD=1496 XBD=1600 XBD=1659 XBD=1825 XBD=1979 XBD=2043 XBD=2284 XBD=2335 XBD=2452 XHG=1416 XHG=1514 XHG=1620 XHG=1678 XHG=1845 XHG=1997 XHG=2063 XHG=2300 XHG=2352 YBD=1040 YBD=1048 YBD=1039 YBD=1041 YHG=1005>The YHG=1006>flow YHG=1007>of YHG=1015>oxygen YHG=1005>should YHG=1005>be YHG=1005>maintained YHG=1007>at YHG=1007>about XBD=332 XBD=443 XBD=530 XBD=650 XBD=727 XBD=780 XBD=871 XBD=1016 XBD=1127 XBD=1305 XHG=173 XHG=354 XHG=464 XHG=552 XHG=670 XHG=748 XHG=897 XHG=1038 XHG=1148 YBD=1084 YBD=1078 YBD=1077 YBD=1083 YBD=1075 YBD=1084 YHG=1045>minute, YHG=1045>that YHG=1045>the YHG=1045>tidal YHG=1044>air YHG=1045>is YHG=1054>c.cm., YHG=1044>that YHG=1044>inspiraXBD=1392XHG=804 XBD=1521 XBD=1615 XBD=1796 XBD=1954 XBD=2003 XBD=2160 XBD=2365 XBD=2453 XHG=1370YBD=1076 XHG=1418 XHG=1547 XHG=1640 XHG=1848 XHG=1980 XHG=2027 XHG=2185 XHG=2388 YBD=1087YHG=1045>400 YBD=1096 YBD=1086 YBD=1095 YBD=1088 YHG=1055>4 YHG=1053>litres YHG=1064>per YHG=1053>minute. YHG=1052>With YHG=1063>a YHG=1063>proper YHG=1053>flowmeter YHG=1055>and XBD=258 XBD=457 XBD=508 XBD=640 XBD=708 XBD=800 XBD=1057 XBD=1201 XBD=1306 XHG=171 XHG=286 XHG=483 XHG=534 XHG=669 XHG=734 XHG=828 XHG=1087 XHG=1228 YBD=1128 YBD=1120 YBD=1119 YBD=1118 YBD=1127 YBD=1126 YBD=1118 YHG=1087>tion YHG=1088>occupies YHG=1098>a YHG=1087>third YHG=1087>of YHG=1087>the YHG=1086>respiratory YHG=1086>cycle, YHG=1087>and XBD=1548 XBD=1686 XBD=1755 XBD=1977 XBD=2133 XBD=2207 XBD=2453 XHG=1367 XHG=1574 XHG=1715 XHG=1785 XHG=2004 XHG=2160 XHG=2235 YBD=1144 YBD=1134 YBD=1141 YBD=1133 YBD=1143 YHG=1100>reducing YHG=1100>valve YHG=1110>as YHG=1100>described YHG=1101>above, YHG=1110>no YHG=1099>adjustments XBD=263 XBD=357 XBD=468 XBD=539 XBD=653 XBD=723 XBD=901 XBD=1012 XBD=1106 XBD=1247 XBD=1306 XHG=172 XHG=291 XHG=386 XHG=500 XHG=568 XHG=684 XHG=753 XHG=929 XHG=1040 XHG=1136 XHG=1274 YBD=1162 YBD=1161 YBD=1168 YBD=1160 YBD=1159 YBD=1160 YHG=1129>that YHG=1129>the YHG=1129>rate YHG=1130>of YHG=1129>flow YHG=1128>of YHG=1139>oxygen YHG=1128>into YHG=1128>the YHG=1128>mask YHG=1128>is XBD=1433 XBD=1651 XBD=1713 XBD=1920 XBD=1963 XBD=2118 XBD=2216 XBD=2273 XBD=2370 XHG=1369 XHG=1453 XHG=1672 XHG=1736 XHG=1941 XHG=1985 XHG=2137 XHG=2237 XHG=2290 YBD=1180 YBD=1190 YBD=1181 YBD=1185 YHG=1158>are YHG=1157>necessary YHG=1149>to YHG=1147>maintain YHG=1157>a YHG=1148>steady YHG=1149>rate YHG=1148>of YHG=1147>flow. XBD=198 XHG=857 XBD=330 XBD=423 XBD=609 XBD=731 XBD=825 XBD=962 XBD=1030 XBD=1206 XBD=1307 XHG=176 XHG=224 XHG=356 XHG=449 XHG=635 XHG=759 XHG=991YBD=1203 XHG=1058 XHG=1230 YBD=1204 YBD=1211 YBD=1210 YBD=1202 YBD=1202 YBD=1209YHG=1180>c.cm. YBD=1203 YHG=1172>3 YHG=1171>litres YHG=1181>per YHG=1171>minute, YHG=1171>then YHG=1171>150 YHG=1169>of YHG=1180>oxygen YHG=1170>will XBD=1495 XBD=1626 XBD=1720 XBD=1790 XBD=2027 XBD=2116 XBD=2177 XBD=2357 XBD=2454 XHG=1417 XHG=1514 XHG=1642 XHG=1738 XHG=1807 XHG=2047 XHG=2133 XHG=2198 XHG=2371 YBD=1248 YBD=1249 YBD=1250 YBD=1251 YHG=1217>The YHG=1217>mask YHG=1217>and YHG=1216>all YHG=1217>accessories YHG=1227>can YHG=1217>be YHG=1217>obtained YHG=1218>from XBD=297 XHG=799 XBD=376 XBD=477 XBD=590 XBD=763 XBD=892 XBD=1158 XBD=1305 XHG=175 XHG=334 XHG=411 XHG=515 XHG=627 XHG=929YBD=1244 XHG=1199 YBD=1245 YBD=1252 YBD=1243 YBD=1244YHG=1213>each YHG=1213>arrive YHG=1213>in YHG=1213>the YHG=1213>bag YHG=1213>during YHG=1211>breath-50 YHG=1222>c.cm. XBD=313 XHG=784 XBD=561 XBD=661 XBD=756 XBD=889 XBD=1052 XBD=1140 XBD=1242 XBD=1307 XHG=176 XHG=335 XHG=584 XHG=689 XHG=916YBD=1286 XHG=1074 XHG=1165 XHG=1269 YBD=1294 YBD=1295 YBD=1285 YBD=1293 YBD=1284YHG=1263>c.cm. YBD=1285 YHG=1254>during YHG=1254>inspiration YHG=1254>and YHG=1254>100 YHG=1253>during YHG=1253>the -Westminster YHG=1253>rest YHG=1253>of XBD=1517 XBD=1642 XBD=1830 XBD=1919 XBD=2009 XBD=2122 XBD=2455 XHG=1369 XHG=1534 XHG=1662 XHG=1842 XHG=1933 XHG=2022 XHG=2137 YBD=1291 YBD=1290 YBD=1298 YBD=1297 YHG=1259>Messrs. YHG=1258>Siebe YHG=1259>Gorman YHG=1259>and YHG=1259>Co., YHG=1259>Ltd., YHG=1259>187, XBD=242 XHG=777 XBD=501 XBD=646 XBD=748 XBD=884 XBD=1049 XBD=1129 XBD=1246 XBD=1306 XHG=175 XHG=270 XHG=531 XHG=702 XHG=912YBD=1327 XHG=1078 XHG=1157 XHG=1275 YBD=1336 YBD=1328 YBD=1333 YBD=1326YHG=1295>other YBD=1327 YHG=1296>the YHG=1296>respiratory YHG=1295>cycle. YHG=1296>In YHG=1295>words, YHG=1295>all YHG=1295>that YHG=1295>is XBD=1628 XBD=1771 XHG=1368 XHG=1648 YBD=1340 YBD=1333 YHG=1300>Bridge-road, YHG=1300>S.E.l. XBD=347 XHG=851 XBD=412 XBD=502 XBD=602 XBD=658 XBD=770 XBD=826 XBD=984 XBD=1146 XBD=1309 XHG=173 XHG=374 XHG=436 XHG=527 XHG=625 XHG=681 XHG=792 XHG=1009YBD=1369 XHG=1172 YBD=1378 YBD=1377 YBD=1370 YBD=1369YHG=1337>should YBD=1376 YHG=1338>required YHG=1338>of YHG=1338>the YHG=1338>bag YHG=1337>is YHG=1337>that YHG=1337>it YHG=1336>deflate YHG=1337>during XBD=403 XHG=797 XBD=466 XBD=554 XBD=710 XBD=772 XBD=863 XBD=1009 XBD=1074 XBD=1119 XBD=1244 XBD=1308 XHG=175 XHG=423 XHG=487 XHG=576 XHG=733 XHG=889YBD=1411 XHG=1033 XHG=1095 XHG=1140 XHG=1269 YBD=1420 YBD=1412 YBD=1417 YBD=1410YHG=1379>100 YBD=1411 YHG=1380>inspiration YHG=1379>to YHG=1379>the YHG=1379>extent YHG=1379>of YHG=1389>c.cm., YHG=1389>or YHG=1389>a YHG=1379>third YHG=1378>of

"" XBD=2296 |>" XBD=1491 XBD=1694 XBD=1941 XBD=2032 XBD=2131 XBD=2228 XBD=2453 XHG=1367 XHG=1518 XHG=1722 XHG=1967 XHG=2059 XHG=2156 XHG=2253 XHG=2322 YBD=938 YBD=947 YBD=946 YBD=937 YBD=951 YHG=903>When YHG=904>properly YHG=903>readjusted YHG=903>the YHG=904>bag YHG=903>will YHG=903>be YHG=905>seen to XBD=282 XBD=344 XBD=579 XBD=665 XBD=890 XBD=942 XBD=1084 XBD=1306 XHG=171 XHG=295 XHG=354 XHG=588 XHG=676 XHG=899 XHG=953 XHG=1095 YBD=951 YBD=952 YBD=959 YBD=950 YBD=951 YBD=950 YHG=928>occur YHG=929>on YHG=919>inspiration YHG=920>and YHG=918>expiration YHG=918>to YHG=928>ensure YHG=919>maximum

" XBD=1307 XBD=227 XHG=657 XBD=412 XBD=508 XBD=633 XBD=946 XBD=1000 XBD=1094 XBD=1162 XHG=174 XHG=249 XHG=461 XHG=527 XHG=968YBD=1453 XHG=1023 XHG=1115 XHG=1186 YBD=1454 YBD=1452 YBD=1453 YHG=1422>its YHG=1422>volume. YHG=1422>In YHG=1421>these YHG=1421>circumstances YHG=1420>it YHG=1431>can YHG=1421>be YHG=1421>calcu-

REFERENCE

Peters, J. P., and Van Slyke, D. D. (1932) Quantitative Clinical Chemistry, vol. ii, Baltimore.

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XBD=1307XHG=921 XBD=281 XBD=387 XBD=470 XBD=647 XBD=831 XBD=904 XBD=998 XBD=1171 XHG=175 XHG=298 XHG=403 XHG=489 XHG=665 XHG=848 XHG=1017YBD=1496 XHG=1187 YBD=1494 YBD=1502 YBD=1503 YBD=1495 YBD=1495YHG=1463>will YHG=1463>lated YHG=1463>that YHG=1463>the YHG=1472>average YHG=1463>inspired YHG=1463>air YHG=1463>contain YHG=1463>about XBD=223 XHG=924 XBD=307 XBD=424 XBD=481 XBD=658 XBD=752 XBD=834 XBD=907 XBD=965 XBD=1045 XBD=1171 XBD=1307 XHG=176 XHG=241 XHG=326 XHG=442 XHG=499 XHG=675 XHG=768 XHG=851 XHG=979YBD=1537 XHG=1062 XHG=1187 YBD=1540 YBD=1546 YBD=1538 YBD=1544 YBD=1537 YBD=1545YHG=1505>in YBD=1537 YHG=1505>50 YHG=1515>per YHG=1505>cent. YHG=1505>of YHG=1515>oxygen, YHG=1505>and YHG=1505>the YHG=1505>air YHG=1505>the YHG=1505>lungs YHG=1505>about XBD=225 XHG=857 XBD=313 XBD=434 XBD=518 XBD=571 XBD=638 XBD=836 XBD=945 XBD=1032 XBD=1129 XBD=1307 XHG=179 XHG=246 XHG=336 XHG=482 XHG=537 XHG=592 XHG=660 XHG=966YBD=1579 XHG=1055 XHG=1151 YBD=1586 YBD=1578 YBD=1579 YBD=1587YHG=1547>that YBD=1579 YHG=1548>44 YHG=1557>per YHG=1547>cent. YHG=1547>If YHG=1547>it YHG=1546>be YHG=1548>assumed YHG=1547>the YHG=1547>bag YHG=1547>deflates XBD=221 XHG=851 XBD=304 XBD=528 XBD=586 XBD=828 XBD=913 XBD=1168 XBD=1308 XHG=177 XHG=239 XHG=324 XHG=547 XHG=603 XHG=930YBD=1628 XHG=1184 YBD=1621 YBD=1620 YBD=1629 YBD=1621YHG=1591>(an YHG=1589>at YHG=1589>the YHG=1588>beginning YHG=1588>of YHG=1589>inspiration YHG=1589>assumption YHG=1589>which XBD=211 XHG=794 XBD=369 XBD=499 XBD=624 XBD=736 XBD=776 XBD=891 XBD=1020 XBD=1079 XBD=1166 XBD=1308 XHG=177 XHG=227 XHG=385 XHG=518 XHG=641 XHG=752 XHG=911YBD=1663 XHG=1041 XHG=1099 XHG=1188 YBD=1670 YBD=1669 YBD=1662 YBD=1671 YBD=1663YHG=1631>dead YBD=1670 YHG=1630>is YHG=1631>largely YHG=1630>true), YHG=1630>then, YHG=1630>with YHG=1641>a YHG=1640>space YHG=1631>of YHG=1631>120 YHG=1641>c.cm., XBD=244 XHG=766 XBD=329 XBD=533 XBD=617 XBD=747 XBD=842 XBD=1016 XBD=1155 XBD=1221 XBD=1309 XHG=178 XHG=272 XHG=356 XHG=551 XHG=638 XHG=863YBD=1706 XHG=1035 XHG=1177 XHG=1242 YBD=1705 YBD=1712 YBD=1704 YBD=1713 YBD=1706 YBD=1705YHG=1673>will YBD=1714 YHG=1673>air YHG=1672>reaching YHG=1673>the YHG=1673>lungs YHG=1673>contain YHG=1674>about YHG=1674>57 YHG=1683>per XBD=280 XHG=830 XBD=339 XBD=505 XBD=598 XBD=681 XBD=756 XBD=814 XBD=895 XBD=1024 XBD=1160 XBD=1222 XBD=1309 XHG=181 XHG=299 XHG=356 XHG=521 XHG=615 XHG=699 XHG=773 XHG=914YBD=1748 XHG=1040 XHG=1179 XHG=1242 YBD=1755 YBD=1746 YBD=1747 YBD=1756 YBD=1748YHG=1716>the YBD=1756 YHG=1714>cent. YHG=1714>of YHG=1724>oxygen YHG=1715>and YHG=1715>the YHG=1716>air YHG=1715>in YHG=1716>lungs YHG=1716>about YHG=1716>51 YHG=1726>per XBD=280 XHG=893 XBD=409 XBD=567 XBD=653 XBD=744 XBD=867 XBD=951 XBD=1053 XBD=1309 XHG=180 XHG=332 XHG=438 XHG=593 XHG=678 XHG=771 XHG=976YBD=1789 XHG=1079 YBD=1788 YBD=1790 YBD=1798YHG=1758>air YHG=1756>cent. YHG=1757>The YHG=1757>values YHG=1757>for YHG=1757>the YHG=1757>tidal YHG=1758>and YHG=1758>respiratory XBD=261 XHG=861 XBD=407 XBD=525 XBD=645 XBD=840 XBD=925 XBD=1156 XBD=1221 XBD=1309 XHG=178 XHG=282 XHG=426 XHG=547 XHG=664 XHG=947YBD=1833 XHG=1178 XHG=1242 YBD=1830 YBD=1832 YBD=1831 YBD=1840 YBD=1831YHG=1810>are YBD=1833 YHG=1799>rate YHG=1798>which YHG=1799>have YHG=1798>been YHG=1801>assumed YHG=1800>applicable YHG=1800>to YHG=1800>the XBD=330 XHG=678 XBD=440 XBD=497 XBD=669 XBD=901 XBD=1112 XBD=1309 XHG=180 XHG=346 XHG=453 XHG=554 XHG=912YBD=1873 XHG=1122 YBD=1881 YBD=1872 YBD=1882 YBD=1874YHG=1841>theoretical YHG=1840>subject YHG=1840>C. YHG=1841>G. YHG=1841>From YHG=1842>principles YHG=1842>therefore E. XBD=247 XHG=871 XBD=415 XBD=473 XBD=547 XBD=671 XBD=797 XBD=858 XBD=995 XBD=1053 XBD=1111 XBD=1194 XBD=1309 XHG=180 XHG=266 XHG=431 XHG=488 XHG=561 XHG=688 XHG=811 XHG=1009YBD=1916 XHG=1069 XHG=1128 XHG=1210 YBD=1914 YBD=1922 YBD=1915 YBD=1915YHG=1885>raised YBD=1924 YBD=1916 YHG=1883>the YHG=1892>oxygen YHG=1882>in YHG=1883>his YHG=1882>lungs YHG=1884>could YHG=1884>be YHG=1884>to YHG=1884>50 YHG=1894>per YHG=1884>cent. XBD=275 XHG=810 XBD=325 XBD=438 XBD=507 XBD=557 XBD=689 XBD=782 XBD=956 XBD=1067 XBD=1160 XBD=1311 XHG=179 XHG=301 XHG=354 XHG=468 XHG=535 XHG=583 XHG=716 XHG=984YBD=1958 XHG=1093 XHG=1188 YBD=1956 YBD=1957 YBD=1965 YBD=1958 YBD=1958YHG=1925>minute YBD=1959 YHG=1924>with YHG=1935>a YHG=1924>flow YHG=1924>of YHG=1926>3 YHG=1925>litres YHG=1935>per YHG=1925>into YHG=1926>the YHG=1925>mask. XBD=242 XHG=704 XBD=389 XBD=685 XBD=770 XBD=1013 XBD=1109 XBD=1248 XBD=1311 XHG=181 XHG=261 XHG=408 XHG=790YBD=1999 XHG=1032 XHG=1128 XHG=1268 YBD=2007 YBD=2008 YBD=2001YHG=1968>the YBD=2000 YHG=1967>By YHG=1967>actual YHG=1967>measurement YHG=1968>percentage YHG=1978>was YHG=1968>found YHG=1968>to XBD=275 XHG=831 XBD=396 XBD=462 XBD=527 XBD=608 XBD=723 XBD=801 XBD=989 XBD=1051 XBD=1116 XBD=1237 XBD=1312 XHG=180 XHG=296 XHG=417 XHG=483 XHG=548 XHG=628 XHG=750 XHG=1012YBD=2049 XHG=1073 XHG=1144 XHG=1261 YBD=2042 YBD=2041 YBD=2042YHG=2020>average YBD=2049 YHG=2019>vary YHG=2010>from YHG=2010>35 YHG=2009>to YHG=2010>45, YHG=2009>with YHG=2019>an YHG=2010>of YHG=2010>42 YHG=2011>(Fig. YHG=2010>4). XBD=265 XBD=533 XBD=597 XBD=771 XBD=939 XBD=1022 XBD=1131 XBD=1226 XBD=1311 XHG=180 XHG=292 XHG=553 XHG=617 XHG=956 XHG=1041 XHG=1149 XHG=1243 YBD=2091 YBD=2083 YBD=2084 YHG=2051>Due YHG=2051>presumably YHG=2051>to YHG=2052>leakage YHG=2052>the YHG=2062>nose YHG=2053>and YHG=2052>the XBD=1510XHG=792 XBD=1595 XBD=1688 XBD=1773 XBD=1900 XBD=1984 XBD=2039 XBD=2098 XBD=2164 XBD=2223 XBD=2294 XBD=2369 XBD=2460 XHG=1425YBD=2083 XHG=1528 XHG=1613 XHG=1708 XHG=1793 XHG=1914 XHG=2000 XHG=2054 XHG=2117 XHG=2181 XHG=2238 XHG=2310 XHG=2383 YBD=2105YHG=2053>around YBD=2097 YBD=2104 YBD=2095 YBD=2096 YHG=2064>FOR YHG=2062>the YHG=2063>last YHG=2064>ten YHG=2072>years YHG=2073>one YHG=2062>of YHG=2072>us YHG=2062>(J. YHG=2062>R. YHG=2061>B.) YHG=2061>has YHG=2062>been XBD=313 XBD=373 XBD=455 XBD=562 XBD=646 XBD=776 XBD=880 XBD=1068 XBD=1125 XBD=1312 XHG=176 XHG=333 XHG=389 XHG=475 XHG=579 XHG=664 XHG=791 XHG=897 XHG=1083 XHG=1140 YBD=2126 YBD=2133 YBD=2125 YBD=2134 YBD=2134 YBD=2125 YBD=2127 YHG=2092>inertia YHG=2093>of YHG=2093>bag, YHG=2093>the YHG=2094>mask YHG=2094>only YHG=2094>operates YHG=2094>at YHG=2094>between XBD=1544 XBD=1630 XBD=1848 XBD=1943 XBD=2168 XBD=2457 XHG=1374 XHG=1590 XHG=1677 XHG=1895 XHG=1991 XHG=2214 YBD=2153 YBD=2145 YBD=2144 YBD=2143 YBD=2152 YHG=2110>engaged YHG=2109>in YHG=2109>research YHG=2120>on YHG=2109>chemical YHG=2110>contraception XBD=223 XBD=323 XBD=390 XBD=479 XBD=600 XBD=826 XHG=179 XHG=245 XHG=347 XHG=412 XHG=502 XHG=622 YBD=2167 YBD=2175 YBD=2168 YBD=2176 YHG=2136>70 YHG=2136>and YHG=2135>90 YHG=2145>per YHG=2135>cent. YHG=2135>efficiency. XBD=1496 XHG=2222 XBD=1580 XBD=1767 XBD=1825 XBD=1908 XBD=2037 XBD=2205 XBD=2455 XHG=1373 YBD=2200 XHG=1512 XHG=1598 XHG=1786 XHG=1842 XHG=1927 XHG=2056 YBD=2191 YHG=2157>Investigation YHG=2157>under YHG=2157>auspices YHG=2157>of YHG=2156>the YHG=2157>Birth YHG=2157>Control

" " " " " " " " "

XBD=2455 XBD=1613 XBD=1745 XBD=1867 XBD=1993 XBD=2072 XBD=2173 XBD=2362 XHG=1375 XHG=1665 XHG=1784 XHG=1905 XHG=2033 XHG=2109 XHG=2210 XHG=2393 YBD=2240 YBD=2247 YBD=2238 YBD=2237 YHG=2205>Committee. YHG=2204>The YHG=2204>first YHG=2206>part YHG=2204>of YHG=2204>the YHG=2203>research YHG=2213>was XBD=352 XHG=760 XBD=568 XBD=617 XBD=743 XBD=837 XBD=1019 XBD=1104 XBD=1313 XHG=229 XHG=369 XHG=585 XHG=633 XHG=854YBD=2242 XHG=1038 XHG=1122 YBD=2253 YBD=2244 YBD=2252 YBD=2249 YBD=2243YHG=2210>and YBD=2253 YHG=2208>When YHG=2209>breathing YHG=2210>is YHG=2210>rapid YHG=2209>shallow, YHG=2209>the YHG=2210>efficiency XBD=1546XHG=822 XBD=1737 XBD=1827 XBD=2049 XBD=2112 XBD=2199 XBD=2356 XBD=2454 XHG=1376 XHG=1570 XHG=1761 XHG=1855 XHG=2074 XHG=2135 XHG=2223 XHG=2375 YBD=2286 YBD=2285 YBD=2284 YBD=2295 YBD=2294 YHG=2251>directed YHG=2252>towards YHG=2252>the YHG=2251>discovery YHG=2252>of YHG=2251>the YHG=2251>general YHG=2251>prinXBD=222 XBD=304 XBD=428 XBD=520 XBD=582 XBD=806 XBD=996 XBD=1113 XBD=1313 XHG=183 XHG=237 XHG=320 XHG=444 XHG=535 XHG=600 XHG=1039YBD=2292 XHG=1129 YBD=2290 YBD=2291 YBD=2290YHG=2257>reduced. YBD=2297 YHG=2257>of YHG=2257>the YHG=2257>mask YHG=2257>will YHG=2258>be YHG=2257>somewhat YHG=2258>For YHG=2258>instance, XBD=1490 XBD=1742 XBD=1832 XBD=1988 XBD=2052 XBD=2215 XBD=2288 XBD=2458 XHG=1376 XHG=1515 XHG=1766 XHG=1858 XHG=2013 XHG=2077 XHG=2239 XHG=2311 YBD=2342 YBD=2341 YBD=2332 YHG=2299>ciples YHG=2299>underlying YHG=2299>the YHG=2298>killing YHG=2299>of YHG=2308>sperms YHG=2299>by YHG=2297>chemical XBD=275 XHG=850 XBD=324 XBD=579 XBD=687 XBD=753 XBD=824 XBD=918 XBD=1089 XBD=1193 XBD=1315 XHG=181 XHG=302 XHG=349 XHG=604 XHG=714 XHG=780 XHG=944YBD=2346 XHG=1116 XHG=1218 YBD=2337 YBD=2347 YBD=2338 YBD=2337 YBD=2338YHG=2314>per YHG=2304>with YHG=2315>a YHG=2305>respiratory YHG=2306>rate YHG=2305>of YHG=2306>30 YHG=2305>minute YHG=2305>and YHG=2305>tidal XBD=1521 XBD=1720 XBD=1819 XBD=1925 XBD=2043 XBD=2192 XBD=2387 XBD=2459 XHG=1376 XHG=1572 XHG=1753 XHG=1851 XHG=1958 XHG=2075 XHG=2224 XHG=2414 YBD=2389 YBD=2380 YBD=2379 YBD=2387 YBD=2385 YBD=2378 YHG=2348>agents. YHG=2346>During YHG=2346>the YHG=2346>last YHG=2346>four YHG=2356>years, YHG=2345>however, YHG=2354>we XBD=236 XHG=834 XBD=298 XBD=389 XBD=531 XBD=621 XBD=717 XBD=814 XBD=924 XBD=1084 XBD=1159 XBD=1204 XBD=1313 XHG=181 XHG=258 XHG=321 XHG=412 XHG=553 XHG=641 XHG=737 XHG=948YBD=2393 XHG=1106 XHG=1182 XHG=1225 YBD=2384 YBD=2386 YBD=2392 YBD=2394 YBD=2385 YBD=2385 YBD=2393YHG=2350>only YBD=2383 YHG=2352>air YHG=2351>of YHG=2353>350 YHG=2362>c.cm., YHG=2351>the YHG=2352>bag YHG=2350>will YHG=2350>deflate YHG=2352>by YHG=2362>a YHG=2351>fifth XBD=1475 XBD=1601 XBD=1777 XBD=2015 XBD=2134 XBD=2227 XBD=2401 XBD=2460 XHG=1375 XHG=1506 XHG=1634 XHG=1808 XHG=2043 XHG=2163 XHG=2256 XHG=2426 YBD=2426 YBD=2435 YBD=2427 YBD=2434 YBD=2425 YHG=2392>have YHG=2393>been YHG=2394>mainly YHG=2393>concerned YHG=2392>with YHG=2392>the YHG=2394>attempt YHG=2393>to XBD=221 XHG=702 XBD=298 XBD=476 XBD=553 XBD=674 XBD=938 XBD=1044 XBD=1138 XBD=1314 XHG=180 XHG=247 XHG=325 XHG=504 XHG=581 XHG=969YBD=2440 XHG=1071 XHG=1166 YBD=2431 YBD=2432 YBD=2431 YBD=2431YHG=2398>inspiration, YBD=2441 YHG=2399>of YHG=2399>its YHG=2398>volume YHG=2409>on YHG=2398>each YHG=2399>and YHG=2398>the YHG=2409>oxygen XBD=1495 XBD=1629 XBD=1857 XBD=1924 XBD=2018 XBD=2235 XBD=2298 XBD=2342 XBD=2463 XHG=1377 XHG=1521 XHG=1656 XHG=1883 XHG=1952 XHG=2045 XHG=2262 XHG=2322 XHG=2365 YBD=2483 YBD=2473 YBD=2472 YBD=2481 YHG=2440>apply YHG=2439>these YHG=2440>principles YHG=2442>to YHG=2440>the YHG=2439>invention YHG=2439>of YHG=2449>a YHG=2439>really XBD=221 XHG=799 XBD=312 XBD=445 XBD=610 XBD=707 XBD=772 XBD=903 XBD=1023 XBD=1096 XBD=1188 XBD=1311 XHG=180 XHG=246 XHG=336 XHG=472 XHG=634 XHG=731 XHG=928YBD=2478 XHG=1051 XHG=1120 XHG=1214 YBD=2489 YBD=2479 YBD=2478 YBD=2478YHG=2455>more YBD=2488 YBD=2480 YHG=2446>in YHG=2445>the YHG=2445>lungs YHG=2447>cannot YHG=2445>rise YHG=2446>to YHG=2444>than YHG=2447>44 YHG=2455>per YHG=2447>cent. XBD=1561 XBD=1671 XBD=1884 XBD=2096 XBD=2387 XBD=2464 XHG=1376 XHG=1594 XHG=1704 XHG=1918 XHG=2129 XHG=2414 YBD=2521 YBD=2529 YBD=2520 YHG=2487>powerful YHG=2487>and YHG=2486>harmless YHG=2487>chemical YHG=2487>contraceptive YHG=2487>for XBD=221 XHG=823 XBD=277 XBD=358 XBD=457 XBD=614 XBD=724 XBD=798 XBD=970 XBD=1078 XBD=1143 XBD=1188 XBD=1315 XHG=183 XHG=245 XHG=299 XHG=381 XHG=480 XHG=637 XHG=749 XHG=993YBD=2535 XHG=1102 XHG=1166 XHG=1211 YBD=2527 YBD=2526 YBD=2525 YBD=2526YHG=2502>oxygen YHG=2493>It YHG=2493>is YHG=2493>for YHG=2493>this YHG=2504>reason YHG=2492>that YHG=2503>an YHG=2492>flow YHG=2493>of YHG=2495>4 YHG=2493>litres XBD=1559 XBD=1656 XHG=1375 XHG=1578 YBD=2577YHG=2540>dyspnaeic YBD=2570 YHG=2534>practical YHG=2544>use. XBD=206 XHG=685 XBD=373 XBD=424 XBD=603 XBD=662 XBD=880 XBD=1078 XHG=183 XHG=228 XHG=393 XHG=447 XHG=623 XHG=900YBD=2582 YBD=2574 YBD=2573 YBD=2581 YHG=2550>a YHG=2540>minute YHG=2541>is YHG=2540>advised YHG=2541>in YHG=2539>patients. XBD=1459 XBD=1549 XBD=1796 XBD=1855 XBD=1937 XBD=2050 XBD=2107 XBD=2345 XBD=2466 XHG=1426 XHG=1478 XHG=1568 XHG=1815 XHG=1872 XHG=1956 XHG=2069 XHG=2125 XHG=2359 YBD=2621 YBD=2622 YBD=2631 YHG=2589>A YHG=2589>full YHG=2589>description YHG=2590>of YHG=2589>the YHG=2590>tests YHG=2589>of YHG=2588>spermicidal YHG=2598>power XBD=272 XHG=829 XBD=391 XBD=456 XBD=710 XBD=812 XBD=868 XBD=1026 XBD=1109 XBD=1316 XHG=234 XHG=290 XHG=408 XHG=473 XHG=725 XHG=885YBD=2628 XHG=1043 XHG=1126 YBD=2629 YBD=2638 YBD=2638 YBD=2628YHG=2596>in YBD=2637 YHG=2596>It YHG=2597>must YHG=2596>be YHG=2595>emphasised YHG=2595>that YHG=2595>testing YHG=2594>the YHG=2595>efficiency

" " " " " " " " ""

XBD=2463 XBD=1512 XBD=1667 XBD=1856 XBD=2060 XBD=2172 XBD=2327 XHG=1379 XHG=1547 XHG=1706 XHG=1895 XHG=2098 XHG=2206 XHG=2364 YBD=2723 YBD=2715 YBD=2725 YBD=2724 YHG=2682>earlier YHG=2693>paper YHG=2682>(Baker, YHG=2683>Ranson, YHG=2683>and YHG=2683>Tynen YHG=2685>1937). XBD=390 XHG=940 XBD=520 XBD=571 XBD=703 XBD=762 XBD=918 XBD=994 XBD=1133 XBD=1317 XHG=186 XHG=410 XHG=539 XHG=591 XHG=721 XHG=785 XHG=1014YBD=2722 XHG=1152 YBD=2732 YBD=2723 YBD=2722YHG=2689>air YBD=2731 YHG=2689>voluntary YHG=2689>effort YHG=2690>is YHG=2690>made YHG=2691>to YHG=2689>deflect YHG=2688>either YHG=2689>through XBD=1427 XBD=1565 XBD=1694 XBD=1780 XBD=1908 XBD=1997 XBD=2134 XBD=2360 XBD=2466 XHG=1380 XHG=1458 XHG=1597 XHG=1724 XHG=1811 XHG=1938 XHG=2027 XHG=2164 XHG=2387 YBD=2762 YBD=2771 YBD=2763 YHG=2729>In YHG=2728>these YHG=2731>tests YHG=2739>we YHG=2730>have YHG=2730>for YHG=2740>years YHG=2730>invariably YHG=2729>used XBD=253 XHG=765 XBD=372 XBD=444 XBD=639 XBD=735 XBD=910 XBD=1046 XBD=1211 XBD=1318 XHG=186 XHG=283 XHG=403 XHG=473 XHG=668 XHG=967YBD=2770 XHG=1076 XHG=1242 YBD=2779 YBD=2769 YBD=2769 YBD=2768YHG=2736>mouth. YHG=2746>nose YHG=2747>or YHG=2736>through YHG=2736>the YHG=2735>The YHG=2735>mouth YHG=2736>and XBD=1522 XBD=1667 XBD=1825 XBD=2024 XBD=2091 XBD=2170 XBD=2321 XBD=2464 XHG=1378 XHG=1541 XHG=1685 XHG=1841 XHG=2041 XHG=2107 XHG=2186 XHG=2338 YBD=2808 YBD=2818 YBD=2819 YBD=2810 YHG=2774>human YHG=2785>semen YHG=2776>mostly YHG=2776>provided YHG=2776>by YHG=2778>ten YHG=2777>regular YHG=2776>donors. XBD=454 XHG=897 XBD=590 XBD=673 XBD=793 XBD=864 XBD=921 XBD=1199 XBD=1318 XHG=186 XHG=487 XHG=625 XHG=704 XHG=824 XHG=954YBD=2816 XHG=1242 YBD=2825 YBD=2815 YBD=2815YHG=2793>a YHG=2783>nasopharynx YHG=2785>must YHG=2784>be YHG=2783>held YHG=2783>in YHG=2782>comfortable YHG=2782>and XBD=1441 XBD=1563 XBD=1651 XBD=1820 XBD=1911 XBD=1978 XBD=2070 XBD=2332 XBD=2389 XBD=2465 XHG=1378 XHG=1466 XHG=1589 XHG=1678 XHG=1846 XHG=1938 XHG=2003 XHG=2093 XHG=2354 XHG=2409 YBD=2856 YBD=2865 YBD=2855 YHG=2822>All YHG=2824>tests YHG=2832>are YHG=2823>carried YHG=2825>out YHG=2824>at YHG=2824>temperature YHG=2822>of YHG=2822>the XBD=338 XHG=732 XBD=532 XBD=712 XBD=839 XBD=1149 XBD=1226 XBD=1318 XHG=186 XHG=358 XHG=581 XHG=861YBD=2863 XHG=1171 XHG=1248 YBD=2871 YBD=2862 YBD=2863 YBD=2862YHG=2829>these YBD=2861 YHG=2830>relaxed YHG=2830>position. YHG=2830>Under YHG=2830>circumstances YHG=2829>air YHG=2839>can XBD=1494 XHG=1379 YBD=2910 YHG=2868>body. XBD=235 XHG=758 XBD=327 XBD=393 XBD=526 XBD=617 XBD=732 XBD=807 XBD=1067 XBD=1189 XBD=1244 XBD=1317 XHG=186 XHG=259 XHG=352 XHG=420 XHG=550 XHG=642 XHG=832YBD=2910 XHG=1094 XHG=1214 XHG=1268 YBD=2909 YBD=2918 YBD=2908YHG=2887>on YBD=2907 YHG=2876>be YHG=2876>felt YHG=2877>to YHG=2878>enter YHG=2875>the YHG=2886>nose YHG=2876>inspiration, YHG=2886>even YHG=2875>if YHG=2886>no XBD=1649 XBD=2147 XBD=2254 XBD=2388 XBD=2465 XHG=1428 XHG=1702 XHG=2196 XHG=2300 XHG=2432 YBD=2963 YBD=2957 YBD=2955 YHG=2922>Pure-i.e., YHG=2923>unmixed-substances YHG=2934>are YHG=2923>tried YHG=2924>at XBD=296 XHG=886 XBD=352 XBD=480 XBD=638 XBD=729 XBD=862 XBD=926 XBD=1115 XBD=1195 XBD=1319 XHG=188 XHG=321 XHG=377 XHG=531 XHG=662 XHG=754 XHG=951YBD=2956 XHG=1140 XHG=1220 YBD=2957 YBD=2965 YBD=2956YHG=2924>in YHG=2924>is YHG=2923>used. YHG=2922>With YHG=2923>the YHG=2923>mask YHG=2923>position YHG=2933>we YHG=2922>have XBD=1534 XBD=1866 XBD=1931 XBD=2024 XBD=2159 XBD=2219 XBD=2272 XBD=2378 XBD=2465 XHG=1381 XHG=1562 XHG=1892 XHG=1959 XHG=2052 XHG=2186 XHG=2244 XHG=2347 XHG=2397 YBD=3003YHG=2971>does YBD=3004 YBD=3010 YBD=3012 YBD=3009 YHG=2969>various YHG=2970>concentrations YHG=2971>in YHG=2970>the YHG=2971>series YHG=2971>2, YHG=2973>1, YHG=2971>11, YHG=2970>&c., XBD=253 XHG=841 XBD=321 XBD=431 XBD=523 XBD=698 XBD=810 XBD=930 XBD=1025 XBD=1225 XBD=1319 XHG=187 XHG=282 XHG=350 XHG=456 XHG=550 XHG=725 XHG=957YBD=3004 XHG=1055 XHG=1252 YBD=3013 YBD=3003 YBD=3012 YBD=3003 YHG=2972>yet YHG=2972>to YHG=2970>find YHG=2970>the YHG=2971>patient YHG=2970>who YHG=2972>not YHG=2971>contract YHG=2969>the XBD=1448 XBD=1583 XBD=1682 XBD=1770 XBD=1919 XBD=2216 XBD=2412 XBD=2464 XHG=1379YBD=3058 XHG=1470 XHG=1606 XHG=1703 XHG=1790 XHG=1942 XHG=2237 XHG=2430 YBD=3057YHG=3017>inspiration. YBD=3055 YBD=3048 YBD=3050 YBD=3059 YBD=3049 YHG=3026>per YHG=3017>cent., YHG=3016>and YHG=3016>the YHG=3017>lowest YHG=3017>concentration YHG=3026>necessary YHG=3018>to XBD=262 XHG=360 XBD=335 XBD=592 XHG=186 XHG=287 YBD=3060 YBD=3050 YHG=3018>bag YHG=3028>on XBD=1449 XBD=1514 XBD=1595 XBD=1754 XBD=1883 XBD=1988 XBD=2042 XBD=2135 XBD=2195 XBD=2298 XBD=2339 XBD=2463 XHG=1382 XHG=1464 XHG=1528 XHG=1611 XHG=1770 XHG=1897 XHG=2002 XHG=2056 XHG=2149 XHG=2209 XHG=2311 XHG=2351 YBD=3094 YBD=3095 YBD=3104 YBD=3096 YBD=3097 YHG=3062>kill YHG=3063>all YHG=3062>the YHG=3072>sperms YHG=3073>every YHG=3063>time YHG=3063>in YHG=3063>half YHG=3073>an YHG=3063>hour YHG=3063>is YHG=3063>found. XBD=844 XHG=663 YBD=3127 YHG=3102>COMFORT

A NEW CHEMICAL CONTRACEPTIVE BY JOHN R. BAKER,

R. M. RANSON,

AND

D.Sc.,

J. TYNEN

(From the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology,

Oxford)

" XBD=2465 XBD=1502 XBD=1589 XBD=1720 XBD=2015 XBD=2119 XBD=2195 XBD=2334 XBD=2396 XHG=1376 XHG=1533 XHG=1621 XHG=1753 XHG=2046 XHG=2151 XHG=2224 XHG=2361 XHG=2424 YBD=2669 YBD=2668 YHG=2634>which YHG=2646>we YHG=2635>have YHG=2635>standardised YHG=2636>will YHG=2636>be YHG=2635>found YHG=2636>in YHG=2645>an XBD=226 XHG=880 XBD=323 XBD=502 XBD=702 XBD=858 XBD=951 XBD=1020 XBD=1222 XBD=1273 XBD=1318 XHG=186 XHG=246 XHG=345 XHG=521 XHG=722 XHG=972YBD=2675 XHG=1042 XHG=1243 XHG=1295 YBD=2676 YBD=2676 YBD=2675 YHG=2643>of YHG=2642>this YHG=2642>method YHG=2642>fictitious YHG=2642>results YHG=2652>can YHG=2642>be YHG=2642>obtained YHG=2642>if YHG=2652>a

" XBD=2465 XBD=1655 XHG=2410 XBD=1746 XBD=1851 XBD=1990 XBD=2057 XBD=2106 XBD=2294 XBD=2385 XHG=1384 YBD=3143 XHG=1683 XHG=1775 XHG=1880 XHG=2017 XHG=2086 XHG=2133 XHG=2340 YBD=3142 YHG=3109>the YBD=3144 YHG=3108>Observations YHG=3119>are YHG=3109>also YHG=3109>made YHG=3111>at YHG=3112>5 YHG=3110>minutes. YHG=3110>At

" XBD=2321 XBD=2466 XBD=1456 XBD=1518 XBD=1620 XBD=1692 XBD=1810 XBD=1897 XBD=2041 XBD=2272 XHG=1381 XHG=1479 XHG=1539 XHG=1643 XHG=1714 XHG=1832 XHG=1920 XHG=2064 XHG=2292 XHG=2342 YBD=3188 YBD=3198 YBD=3189 YBD=3190 YHG=3155>end YHG=3156>of YHG=3155>half YHG=3166>an YHG=3155>hour YHG=3156>the YHG=3166>sperm YHG=3157>suspension YHG=3156>is YHG=3156>diluted XBD=316 XHG=622 XBD=521 XBD=591 XBD=697 XBD=969 XBD=1049 XBD=1146 XBD=1257 XBD=1320 XHG=729 XHG=238 XHG=345 XHG=552 XHG=1000YBD=3206 XHG=1079 XHG=1174 XHG=1288 YBD=3196 YBD=3205 YBD=3196YHG=3164>contraption YBD=3197 YHG=3163>The YHG=3173>presence YHG=3163>of YHG=3173>any YHG=3174>on YHG=3164>the YHG=3164>face YHG=3165>is " XBD=2466 XBD=1475 XBD=1551 XBD=1739 XBD=1856 XBD=2098 XBD=2162 XBD=2249 XBD=2330 XBD=2387 XHG=1381 XHG=1502 XHG=1578 XHG=1765 XHG=1880 XHG=2123 XHG=2188 XHG=2272 XHG=2353 XHG=2409 YBD=3234 YBD=3236 YBD=3235 YHG=3201>with YHG=3212>an YHG=3202>alkaline YHG=3202>fluid YHG=3203>favourable YHG=3205>to YHG=3203>life YHG=3204>of YHG=3203>the XBD=399 XHG=683 XBD=520 XBD=652 XBD=901 XBD=1009 XBD=1069 XBD=1130 XBD=1320 XHG=191 XHG=426 XHG=550 XHG=933YBD=3244 XHG=1037 XHG=1098 XHG=1161 YBD=3242 YBD=3243 YBD=3244 YBD=3243 YBD=3244 YHG=3210>associated YHG=3209>with YHG=3220>some YHG=3210>discomfort YHG=3211>and YHG=3211>it YHG=3211>is YHG=3210>obvious

" " " " " " " " " "

XBD=2465 XBD=1538 XBD=1644 XBD=1748 XBD=1917 XBD=2029 XBD=2117 XBD=2227 XHG=1382 XHG=1567 XHG=1672 XHG=1776 XHG=1944 XHG=2057 XHG=2143 XHG=2251 YBD=3280 YBD=3289 YBD=3290 YBD=3281 YBD=3282 YBD=3291 YHG=3258>sperms, YHG=3249>and YHG=3258>any YHG=3258>sperms YHG=3249>that YHG=3259>are YHG=3250>only YHG=3249>temporarily XBD=276 XHG=810 XBD=342 XBD=509 XBD=644 XBD=794 XBD=974 XBD=1057 XBD=1181 XBD=1317 XHG=188 XHG=294 XHG=361 XHG=525 XHG=661 XHG=990YBD=3300 XHG=1075 XHG=1198 YBD=3290 YBD=3299 YBD=3298 YBD=3290 YBD=3292YHG=3257>wearing YHG=3257>that YHG=3267>no YHG=3256>patient YHG=3255>really YHG=3255>enjoys YHG=3257>the YHG=3257>nasal YHG=3257>mask. XBD=1767 XBD=1859 XBD=2002 XBD=2325 XBD=2465 XHG=1381 XHG=1807 XHG=1896 XHG=2040 XHG=2359 YBD=3337 YBD=3328 YBD=3329 YHG=3294>immobilised-e.g., YHG=3295>by YHG=3295>weak YHG=3296>acids-become YHG=3297>active XBD=237 XHG=792 XBD=323 XBD=569 XBD=774 XBD=841 XBD=1008 XBD=1094 XBD=1261 XBD=1318 XHG=191 XHG=255 XHG=341 XHG=588 XHG=860YBD=3336 XHG=1024 XHG=1110 XHG=1278 YBD=3337 YBD=3344 YBD=3342 YBD=3345 YBD=3336YHG=3314>no YHG=3304>In YHG=3314>our YHG=3303>experience, YHG=3302>however, YHG=3304>patient YHG=3303>has YHG=3304>refused YHG=3305>to XBD=1505 XBD=1636 XBD=1801 XBD=2113 XBD=2182 XBD=2276 XBD=2465 XHG=1382 XHG=1557 XHG=1670 XHG=1837 XHG=2146 XHG=2215 XHG=2307 YBD=3383 YBD=3374 YBD=3376 YBD=3375 YHG=3341>again. YHG=3341>The YHG=3341>lowest YHG=3343>concentration YHG=3342>in YHG=3342>the YHG=3342>standard XBD=350 XHG=762 XBD=441 XBD=574 XBD=642 XBD=735 XBD=998 XBD=1062 XBD=1317 XHG=190 XHG=374 XHG=466 XHG=600 XHG=665 XHG=1022YBD=3391 XHG=1088 YBD=3383 YBD=3382 YBD=3385YHG=3350>complained YHG=3349>tolerate YHG=3349>the YHG=3349>mask YHG=3360>or YHG=3348>has YHG=3351>of YHG=3350>discomfort. XBD=1495 XBD=1734 XBD=1816 XBD=1924 XBD=2046 XBD=2219 XBD=2463 XHG=1383 XHG=1536 XHG=1775 XHG=1859 XHG=1967 XHG=2087 XHG=2256 YBD=3421YHG=3396>continuously YBD=3429 YBD=3420 YBD=3431 YBD=3430 YHG=3388>series YHG=3398>necessary YHG=3389>to YHG=3388>kill YHG=3390>(not YHG=3389>merely YHG=3389>immobilise) XBD=270 XHG=658 XBD=398 XBD=492 XBD=629 XBD=923 XBD=1010 XBD=1129 XBD=1185 XBD=1320 XHG=192 XHG=298 XHG=425 XHG=520 XHG=950YBD=3438 XHG=1039 XHG=1162 XHG=1216 YBD=3430 YBD=3429 YBD=3430 YHG=3396>One YHG=3407>wore YHG=3395>the YHG=3395>mask YHG=3398>for YHG=3407>over YHG=3407>a YHG=3397>week XBD=1497 XBD=1606 XBD=1653 XBD=1789 XBD=1871 XBD=2015 XBD=2306 XBD=2465 XHG=1383 XHG=1513 XHG=1622 XHG=1670 XHG=1805 XHG=1887 XHG=2031 XHG=2338 YBD=3475 YBD=3467 YBD=3468 YBD=3477 YBD=3469 YHG=3444>every YHG=3434>time YHG=3434>is YHG=3434>called YHG=3434>the YHG=3434>killing YHG=3435>concentration. YHG=3436>Careful XBD=282 XHG=856 XBD=349 XBD=606 XBD=704 XBD=839 XBD=955 XBD=1076 XBD=1127 XBD=1204 XBD=1319 XHG=189 XHG=301 XHG=371 XHG=628 XHG=722 XHG=973YBD=3476 XHG=1095 XHG=1145 XHG=1221 YBD=3475 YBD=3474 YBD=3484 YBD=3477 YBD=3476YHG=3443>have YHG=3442>with YHG=3453>no YHG=3443>complaints, YHG=3442>and YHG=3452>many YHG=3454>worn YHG=3444>it YHG=3444>for YHG=3444>from XBD=1547 XBD=1631 XBD=1756 XHG=1382 XHG=1569 XHG=1653 YBD=3513 YBD=3514 YBD=3522 YHG=3480>controls YHG=3490>are YHG=3481>kept. XBD=265 XHG=853 XBD=330 XBD=428 XBD=558 XBD=831 XBD=920 XBD=1090 XBD=1321 XHG=190 XHG=290 XHG=354 XHG=453 XHG=610 XHG=942YBD=3521 XHG=1114 YBD=3530 YBD=3530 YBD=3531YHG=3488>the YHG=3489>two YHG=3490>to YHG=3488>five YHG=3489>days. YHG=3488>Sometimes YHG=3490>patient YHG=3489>complains XBD=1540 XBD=1633 XBD=1899 XBD=2065 XBD=2129 XBD=2249 XBD=2464 XHG=1433 XHG=1567 XHG=1661 XHG=1924 XHG=2091 XHG=2154 XHG=2274 YBD=3567YHG=3534>This YBD=3577 YBD=3576 YBD=3568 YBD=3569 YBD=3570 YHG=3533>Since YHG=3534>the YHG=3534>spermicidal YHG=3544>powers YHG=3535>of YHG=3545>some YHG=3536>substances XBD=231 XHG=869 XBD=312 XBD=501 XBD=607 XBD=692 XBD=817 XBD=960 XBD=1115 XBD=1228 XBD=1320 XHG=192 XHG=257 XHG=337 XHG=526 XHG=634 XHG=719 XHG=986YBD=3568 XHG=1141 XHG=1253 YBD=3566 YBD=3577 YBD=3567 YBD=3575 YBD=3569 YHG=3534>of YHG=3535>air YHG=3534>blowing YHG=3535>into YHG=3534>his YHG=3544>eyes. YHG=3546>means YHG=3535>that YHG=3535>the XBD=1446XHG=846 XBD=1622 XBD=1706 XBD=1802 XBD=1998 XBD=2067 XBD=2157 XBD=2271 XBD=2332 XBD=2463 XHG=1383YBD=3613 XHG=1478 XHG=1653 XHG=1736 XHG=1832 XHG=2029 XHG=2094 XHG=2186 XHG=2297 XHG=2358 YBD=3623YHG=3581>and YBD=3614 YBD=3616 YBD=3617 YHG=3591>are YHG=3580>altered YHG=3582>by YHG=3581>reaction YHG=3582>of YHG=3581>the YHG=3583>fluid YHG=3583>in YHG=3583>which XBD=299 XBD=352 XBD=438 XBD=552 XBD=623 XBD=711 XBD=823 XBD=923 XBD=1030 XBD=1083 XBD=1136 XBD=1318 XHG=191 XHG=321 XHG=374 XHG=460 XHG=575 XHG=645 XHG=733 XHG=943 XHG=1053 XHG=1105 XHG=1159 YBD=3623 YBD=3615 YBD=3614 YBD=3615 YBD=3615 YBD=3625 YHG=3580>mask YHG=3581>is YHG=3582>too YHG=3581>high YHG=3592>on YHG=3580>the YHG=3591>nose YHG=3581>that YHG=3582>it YHG=3583>is YHG=3582>leaking. XBD=228 XHG=917 XBD=379 XBD=440 XBD=635 XBD=702 XBD=847 XBD=902 XBD=983 XBD=1120 XBD=1321 XHG=190 XHG=244 XHG=393 XHG=457 XHG=649 XHG=717 XHG=863 XHG=999YBD=3660 XHG=1137 YBD=3658 YBD=3669 YBD=3668 YBD=3659 YBD=3670 YBD=3670YHG=3627>the YHG=3627>It YHG=3626>should YHG=3627>be YHG=3627>adjusted YHG=3627>by YHG=3636>means YHG=3627>of YHG=3628>clamp YHG=3628>provided XBD=1477 XBD=1571 XBD=1806 XBD=1915 XBD=2044 XBD=2136 XBD=2292 XBD=2397 XBD=2462 XHG=1382 XHG=1509 XHG=1604 XHG=1839 XHG=1945 XHG=2074 XHG=2166 XHG=2320 XHG=2424 YBD=3668 YBD=3666 YBD=3660 YBD=3661 YBD=3662 YBD=3672 YBD=3671 YBD=3663 YHG=3627>they YHG=3637>are YHG=3627>dissolved, YHG=3628>and YHG=3628>since YHG=3628>the YHG=3629>vagina YHG=3639>may YHG=3630>be XBD=246 XBD=331 XBD=524 XHG=187 XHG=266 YBD=3704 YHG=3672>for YHG=3672>the XBD=1468XHG=351 XBD=1640 XBD=1705 XBD=1870 XBD=1958 XBD=2136 XBD=2285 XBD=2326 XBD=2464 XHG=1383YBD=3714 XHG=1491 XHG=1664 XHG=1730 XHG=1892 XHG=1981 XHG=2158 XHG=2307 XHG=2347 YBD=3706YHG=3682>purpose. YBD=3716 YBD=3708 YBD=3718 YHG=3674>acid YHG=3673>enough YHG=3676>to YHG=3673>acidify YHG=3673>the YHG=3674>alkaline YHG=3685>semen, YHG=3686>a YHG=3676>special

,