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Acute Alcohol Poisoning in Cattle
122
ESVP/ECVP Proceedings 2013
150:1, 2014
ALOPECIA AREATA UNIVERSALIS IN A DOG erez *, R. Zafra z, J. Negrini * and E. Mozos *, B. Blanco y, J. P P.J. Ginely *Department of Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, yDepartment of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba and zIUSA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Introduction: Human alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease directed against hair follicles. It manifests clinically as patchy, non-scarring hair loss, although it may progress to total hair loss (alopecia universalis). The dog has been proposed as a natural model for the study of the pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease of man, but AA universalis has not been reported in dogs. Materials and Methods: A 9-year-old entire male crossbred dog was presented for non-inflammatory alopecia. Hair loss began on the head and over 1 year progressed to complete alopecia, except for some hair tufts on the caudal thighs. Eyelids and vibrissae were also absent. The dog was otherwise healthy. Results: Haemogram, serum biochemistry, serum thyroid hormones, ACTH stimulation test and urine cortisol:creatinine ratio were all within normal limits. Five skin biopsies from different regions showed a common diffuse follicular atrophic pattern and mild lymphocytic infiltration (CD3+) involving some follicular bulbs. Differential diagnosis with other atrophic follicular diseases concluded that lesions corresponded with late stage AA causing complete alopecia. Conclusions: We describe for the first time a case of canine AA universalis. This case further supports the homology between human and canine AA and the value of the dog as a useful model to study the pathogenesis of the disease.
ACUTE ALCOHOL POISONING IN CATTLE K.-H. Lee *, W.-H. Park *, L.H. Kyoung *, B.Y. Chan *, S.-S. Yoon *, J.-Y. Jung *, M.-Y. Rhyoo *, Y.-H. Jean *, S.-H. Do y and M.-H. Lee* *Animal Disease Diagnosis Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-757 and yKonkuk University, Korea Introduction: Acute alcohol poisoning is not uncommon in people and alcohol consumption has given rise to serious socioeconomic problems in periods of prohibition or war and in poverty stricken communities. However, alcohol toxicity has only once been reported as a cause of death in cattle. We report alcohol poisoning in hanwoo cattle. Materials and Methods: On November 28th and 30th, 2012, 20 cattle suddenly died on a Cheonan hanwoo farm. After death, samples were submitted to the Animal and Plant Quarantine agency (QIA) for diagnostic investigations. After necropsy examination, skin samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin wax and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE) for histopathology. Blood samples were submitted to the National Forensic Service to check the alcohol percentage in the blood. Results: No specific gross findings were observed from post-mortem examination. However, there was an intense odour of alcohol in the rumen during necropsy. Microscopical lesions were non-specific. The test result on blood samples collected from the cattle revealed a blood alcohol concentration of 0.014e0.023%. Conclusions: This is the first case of alcohol poisoning in cattle in Korea.
THE PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL PATTERN OF SODIUM CARBONATE INTOXICATION IN CHINCHILLAS e A CASE REPORT J. Szarek, J. Wojtacka, E. Strzyzewska, _ I. Babi nska and K. Dublan University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Introduction: Sodium carbonate is a 0.1% ingredient of feed mixes for chinchillas. The available literature does not contain any report on these animals being poisoned with sodium carbonate. Materials and Methods: At a chinchilla farm housing 1,330 animals, losses or culling of whole herds occurred over 10 months. The cause was sodium carbonate found in a feed mix in the amount of 5.11% of the total mix. Ten chinchillas were analyzed grossly and microscopically (sections of internal organs were stained with haematoxylin and eosin). Results: Macroscopic examination revealed cachexia, larges patches of hairless skin, presence of transudate in the abdominal cavity (pH 10) and in the pulmonary cavity (pH 8.5), mesenteric congestion, hepatic petechiae, erosions and ulcers (of the gastric mucosa), chronic inflammation (of the small intestine), congestion (lungs) and adrenomegaly. Additionally, microscopical observations included degeneration of hepatic and renal parenchyma, hepatic congestion and adipose degeneration and necrotic foci in the kidneys and sporadically in the liver. Damage to the apical parts of intestinal villi and their contraction were also observed. The lungs were oedematous and congested. Skin samples sometimes showed follicular atrophy. Conclusions: We speculate that sodium carbonate intoxication resulted in high levels of Na+, OH- and HCO3- being absorbed into blood and damaging parenchymal organs and the gastrointestinal tract.
EOSINOPHILIC GASTROENTERITIS AND ALLERGIC ASTHMA IN A CAPTIVE CAPYBARA (HYDROCHOERUS HYDROCHAERIS) K. Sonmez, G. Sennazli and A. Gurel Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Introduction: A captive female adult capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) with a clinical history of lethargy, loss of appetite, tremors, balance disorder and sudden death was brought to the Pathology Department of the Veterinary Faculty of Istanbul University for necropsy examination. Materials Methods: Samples from organs were collected and fixed 10% neutral buffered formalin. Samples were processed routinely and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections (3e4 mm) were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Results: Macroscopically, there was oedema and emphysema of the lungs and ulcers in the stomach and intestines. Intestinal content was pinkered in colour. Intestinal walls were thickened and the Peyer’s patches were distinctive. Histopathologically, eosinophilic gastroenteritis characterized by necrosis, haemorrhages and eosinophilic infiltration and allergic asthma characterized by eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltration were observed. Conclusions: The cause of death was determined to be asphyxia and dehydration due to allergic asthma and necrohaemorrhagic enteritis caused by an irritation or hypersensitivity.
ESVP/ECVP Proceedings 2013
150:1, 2014
ALOPECIA AREATA UNIVERSALIS IN A DOG erez *, R. Zafra z, J. Negrini * and E. Mozos *, B. Blanco y, J. P P.J. Ginely *Department of Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, yDepartment of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba and zIUSA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Introduction: Human alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease directed against hair follicles. It manifests clinically as patchy, non-scarring hair loss, although it may progress to total hair loss (alopecia universalis). The dog has been proposed as a natural model for the study of the pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease of man, but AA universalis has not been reported in dogs. Materials and Methods: A 9-year-old entire male crossbred dog was presented for non-inflammatory alopecia. Hair loss began on the head and over 1 year progressed to complete alopecia, except for some hair tufts on the caudal thighs. Eyelids and vibrissae were also absent. The dog was otherwise healthy. Results: Haemogram, serum biochemistry, serum thyroid hormones, ACTH stimulation test and urine cortisol:creatinine ratio were all within normal limits. Five skin biopsies from different regions showed a common diffuse follicular atrophic pattern and mild lymphocytic infiltration (CD3+) involving some follicular bulbs. Differential diagnosis with other atrophic follicular diseases concluded that lesions corresponded with late stage AA causing complete alopecia. Conclusions: We describe for the first time a case of canine AA universalis. This case further supports the homology between human and canine AA and the value of the dog as a useful model to study the pathogenesis of the disease.
ACUTE ALCOHOL POISONING IN CATTLE K.-H. Lee *, W.-H. Park *, L.H. Kyoung *, B.Y. Chan *, S.-S. Yoon *, J.-Y. Jung *, M.-Y. Rhyoo *, Y.-H. Jean *, S.-H. Do y and M.-H. Lee* *Animal Disease Diagnosis Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-757 and yKonkuk University, Korea Introduction: Acute alcohol poisoning is not uncommon in people and alcohol consumption has given rise to serious socioeconomic problems in periods of prohibition or war and in poverty stricken communities. However, alcohol toxicity has only once been reported as a cause of death in cattle. We report alcohol poisoning in hanwoo cattle. Materials and Methods: On November 28th and 30th, 2012, 20 cattle suddenly died on a Cheonan hanwoo farm. After death, samples were submitted to the Animal and Plant Quarantine agency (QIA) for diagnostic investigations. After necropsy examination, skin samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin wax and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE) for histopathology. Blood samples were submitted to the National Forensic Service to check the alcohol percentage in the blood. Results: No specific gross findings were observed from post-mortem examination. However, there was an intense odour of alcohol in the rumen during necropsy. Microscopical lesions were non-specific. The test result on blood samples collected from the cattle revealed a blood alcohol concentration of 0.014e0.023%. Conclusions: This is the first case of alcohol poisoning in cattle in Korea.
THE PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL PATTERN OF SODIUM CARBONATE INTOXICATION IN CHINCHILLAS e A CASE REPORT J. Szarek, J. Wojtacka, E. Strzyzewska, _ I. Babi nska and K. Dublan University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Introduction: Sodium carbonate is a 0.1% ingredient of feed mixes for chinchillas. The available literature does not contain any report on these animals being poisoned with sodium carbonate. Materials and Methods: At a chinchilla farm housing 1,330 animals, losses or culling of whole herds occurred over 10 months. The cause was sodium carbonate found in a feed mix in the amount of 5.11% of the total mix. Ten chinchillas were analyzed grossly and microscopically (sections of internal organs were stained with haematoxylin and eosin). Results: Macroscopic examination revealed cachexia, larges patches of hairless skin, presence of transudate in the abdominal cavity (pH 10) and in the pulmonary cavity (pH 8.5), mesenteric congestion, hepatic petechiae, erosions and ulcers (of the gastric mucosa), chronic inflammation (of the small intestine), congestion (lungs) and adrenomegaly. Additionally, microscopical observations included degeneration of hepatic and renal parenchyma, hepatic congestion and adipose degeneration and necrotic foci in the kidneys and sporadically in the liver. Damage to the apical parts of intestinal villi and their contraction were also observed. The lungs were oedematous and congested. Skin samples sometimes showed follicular atrophy. Conclusions: We speculate that sodium carbonate intoxication resulted in high levels of Na+, OH- and HCO3- being absorbed into blood and damaging parenchymal organs and the gastrointestinal tract.
EOSINOPHILIC GASTROENTERITIS AND ALLERGIC ASTHMA IN A CAPTIVE CAPYBARA (HYDROCHOERUS HYDROCHAERIS) K. Sonmez, G. Sennazli and A. Gurel Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Introduction: A captive female adult capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) with a clinical history of lethargy, loss of appetite, tremors, balance disorder and sudden death was brought to the Pathology Department of the Veterinary Faculty of Istanbul University for necropsy examination. Materials Methods: Samples from organs were collected and fixed 10% neutral buffered formalin. Samples were processed routinely and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections (3e4 mm) were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Results: Macroscopically, there was oedema and emphysema of the lungs and ulcers in the stomach and intestines. Intestinal content was pinkered in colour. Intestinal walls were thickened and the Peyer’s patches were distinctive. Histopathologically, eosinophilic gastroenteritis characterized by necrosis, haemorrhages and eosinophilic infiltration and allergic asthma characterized by eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltration were observed. Conclusions: The cause of death was determined to be asphyxia and dehydration due to allergic asthma and necrohaemorrhagic enteritis caused by an irritation or hypersensitivity.