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Acute toxicity of emamectin benzoate on the brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity of Oreochromis niloticus
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 280S (2017) S202–S213
compounds with a broad range of biological effects. An episode of fish mortality interested a system of brackish water ponds in Emilia Romagna region (Italy) in March 2017. Several species were affected, e.g. seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), carp (Cyprinus carpio), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), pike-perch (Sander lucioperca), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and wels catfish (Silurus glanis). Ten fishes were collected and examined for necropsy, which revealed hemorrhagic lesions on the skin, base of the fins, gill congestion in all specimens. Viral detection was performed using a pool of viscera (kidney, brain, heart, spleen) through isolation on fish cell lines (EPC and BF2) and resulted negative. Water was taken from four sites of the area including an adjacent tributary channel, although no mortalities were reported from that point. Samples were observed by inverted microscopy (Utermöhl, 1958) to detect the presence of harmful phytoplankton and a maximum abundance of 38,187,072 cells L−1 of Prymnesium parvum was determined in pond waters. Blooms of algae like Prymnesium are referred to as ecosystem disruptive algal blooms (EDABs), because of the serious damage they cause. These phenomena are conditioned by many factors, not all fully elucidated. In the last decades few similar episodes have been recorded in Emilia Romagna and need further studies. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.560 P-06-01-10 Acute toxicity of emamectin benzoate on the brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity of Oreochromis niloticus Ferit Kargın 1 , Özge Temiz 1 , Tuzun Aytekin 1 , Hazal Sag Varkal 1 , Gülbin Gör Firidin 2 , Özgür Firat 3 , Özge Firat 3 , Hikmet Y. Cogun 1 1
Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey 3 Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey 2
Emamectin benzoate (EMB), the most common-used pesticide in the C¸ukurova Region, has various effects on living organisms, especially in the aquatic environments. It also causes deterioration of human health together with the ecosystem. Oreochromis niloticus was exposed to 10 g/L and 20 g/L of EMB for 24 and 96 h and its effect on brain Acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) activity was investigated. The AChE activity in the fish exposed to 10 g/L and 20 g/L concentrations of EMB was inhibited by 6% and 51% at 24 h and 29% and 58% at 96 h, respectively when compared with the control group. Brain AChE activity decreased with increasing concentrations of EMB in the exposure medium, and with increasing duration of exposure. It was concluded that brain AChE activity of O. niloticus is rather sensitive to the presence of EMB in the medium. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.561
S205
P-06-01-11 Distribution and deposition of ZNO nanoparticles in mice – Inhalation chamber study ˇ y´ 2 , Zbynˇek Veˇceˇra 3 , Jan Vyslouˇzil 2 , Pavel Pavel Kulich 1 , Omar Ser Mikuˇska 3 , Bohumil Doˇcekal 3 , Jana Stráská 4 , Miroslav Machala 1 1
Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic 2 Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic 3 Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry CAS, Brno, Czech Republic 4 Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palack´ y University, Olomouc, Czech Republic Airborne metallic nanoparticles pose a risk to human and animal health. ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONP) are produced by the industrial processing of steel, lead, hot-dip galvanizing, or domestic burning. In our inhalation experiment using a mouse model (in the inhalation chamber), we focused on the toxicity of ZnONP, their penetration into cells and distribution in the lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and brain. Adult female ICR mice were treated with a concentration of 1.93 × 106 ZnONP/cm3 (corresponding to 625 g ZnONP/m3 ) for three months. As the toxicity of the metallic nanoparticles depends on their size, shape, surface property and duration of exposure, a careful characterization and analysis of size distribution of the particles were performed by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Philips 208S, FEI, Czech Republic) and a scanning mobility particle sizer analyzer (SMPS 3936L72, TSI, USA), respectively, the latter one being measured in 10–30 s intervals. The particle size ranged from 5 to 200 nm. Presence of ZnONP in lung, liver, spleen, kidney and brain tissue of the mice was evaluated with TEM, ultrathin sectioning and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The endocytosis was found to be the most common way of internalization of the ZnONP across the pulmonary barrier and into other organs, including the liver, spleen and kidney. [Supported by the Czech Science Foundation, project No. P503-12-G147 and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports OPVVVPO1 project “FIT” CZ.02.1.01/0.0/15 003/0000495]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.562 P-06-01-12 Effect of ultrafine atmospheric particles on the respiratory system in mice Yara Saleh 1 , Sébastien Antherieu 1 , Jules Sotty 1 , Laurent Alleman 2 , Ludivine Canivet 1 , Esperanza Perdrix 2 , Pierre Dubot 3 , Anne Platel 1 , Fabrice Nesslany 1 , Guillaume Garc¸on 1 , Jean-Marc Lo-Guidice 1 1 Lille University, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPECS, Lille, France 2 Mines Douai, SAGE, CS10838, F-59508 Douai, France 3 MCMC – ICMPE UMR7182, Paris, France
Numerous epidemiological studies show that particular atmospheric pollution constitutes a significant health risk through induction of cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancers. Atmospheric particles are composed of coarse, fine and ultrafine particles (PM10 , PM2.5 , and PM0.1 respectively). Ultrafine particles have potentially greater toxicity as they are more abundant and are characterized by their higher surface area per unit than larger particles; however, they remain unregulated. Our project aims to highlight
compounds with a broad range of biological effects. An episode of fish mortality interested a system of brackish water ponds in Emilia Romagna region (Italy) in March 2017. Several species were affected, e.g. seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), carp (Cyprinus carpio), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), pike-perch (Sander lucioperca), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and wels catfish (Silurus glanis). Ten fishes were collected and examined for necropsy, which revealed hemorrhagic lesions on the skin, base of the fins, gill congestion in all specimens. Viral detection was performed using a pool of viscera (kidney, brain, heart, spleen) through isolation on fish cell lines (EPC and BF2) and resulted negative. Water was taken from four sites of the area including an adjacent tributary channel, although no mortalities were reported from that point. Samples were observed by inverted microscopy (Utermöhl, 1958) to detect the presence of harmful phytoplankton and a maximum abundance of 38,187,072 cells L−1 of Prymnesium parvum was determined in pond waters. Blooms of algae like Prymnesium are referred to as ecosystem disruptive algal blooms (EDABs), because of the serious damage they cause. These phenomena are conditioned by many factors, not all fully elucidated. In the last decades few similar episodes have been recorded in Emilia Romagna and need further studies. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.560 P-06-01-10 Acute toxicity of emamectin benzoate on the brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity of Oreochromis niloticus Ferit Kargın 1 , Özge Temiz 1 , Tuzun Aytekin 1 , Hazal Sag Varkal 1 , Gülbin Gör Firidin 2 , Özgür Firat 3 , Özge Firat 3 , Hikmet Y. Cogun 1 1
Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey 3 Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey 2
Emamectin benzoate (EMB), the most common-used pesticide in the C¸ukurova Region, has various effects on living organisms, especially in the aquatic environments. It also causes deterioration of human health together with the ecosystem. Oreochromis niloticus was exposed to 10 g/L and 20 g/L of EMB for 24 and 96 h and its effect on brain Acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) activity was investigated. The AChE activity in the fish exposed to 10 g/L and 20 g/L concentrations of EMB was inhibited by 6% and 51% at 24 h and 29% and 58% at 96 h, respectively when compared with the control group. Brain AChE activity decreased with increasing concentrations of EMB in the exposure medium, and with increasing duration of exposure. It was concluded that brain AChE activity of O. niloticus is rather sensitive to the presence of EMB in the medium. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.561
S205
P-06-01-11 Distribution and deposition of ZNO nanoparticles in mice – Inhalation chamber study ˇ y´ 2 , Zbynˇek Veˇceˇra 3 , Jan Vyslouˇzil 2 , Pavel Pavel Kulich 1 , Omar Ser Mikuˇska 3 , Bohumil Doˇcekal 3 , Jana Stráská 4 , Miroslav Machala 1 1
Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic 2 Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic 3 Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry CAS, Brno, Czech Republic 4 Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palack´ y University, Olomouc, Czech Republic Airborne metallic nanoparticles pose a risk to human and animal health. ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONP) are produced by the industrial processing of steel, lead, hot-dip galvanizing, or domestic burning. In our inhalation experiment using a mouse model (in the inhalation chamber), we focused on the toxicity of ZnONP, their penetration into cells and distribution in the lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and brain. Adult female ICR mice were treated with a concentration of 1.93 × 106 ZnONP/cm3 (corresponding to 625 g ZnONP/m3 ) for three months. As the toxicity of the metallic nanoparticles depends on their size, shape, surface property and duration of exposure, a careful characterization and analysis of size distribution of the particles were performed by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Philips 208S, FEI, Czech Republic) and a scanning mobility particle sizer analyzer (SMPS 3936L72, TSI, USA), respectively, the latter one being measured in 10–30 s intervals. The particle size ranged from 5 to 200 nm. Presence of ZnONP in lung, liver, spleen, kidney and brain tissue of the mice was evaluated with TEM, ultrathin sectioning and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The endocytosis was found to be the most common way of internalization of the ZnONP across the pulmonary barrier and into other organs, including the liver, spleen and kidney. [Supported by the Czech Science Foundation, project No. P503-12-G147 and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports OPVVVPO1 project “FIT” CZ.02.1.01/0.0/15 003/0000495]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.562 P-06-01-12 Effect of ultrafine atmospheric particles on the respiratory system in mice Yara Saleh 1 , Sébastien Antherieu 1 , Jules Sotty 1 , Laurent Alleman 2 , Ludivine Canivet 1 , Esperanza Perdrix 2 , Pierre Dubot 3 , Anne Platel 1 , Fabrice Nesslany 1 , Guillaume Garc¸on 1 , Jean-Marc Lo-Guidice 1 1 Lille University, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPECS, Lille, France 2 Mines Douai, SAGE, CS10838, F-59508 Douai, France 3 MCMC – ICMPE UMR7182, Paris, France
Numerous epidemiological studies show that particular atmospheric pollution constitutes a significant health risk through induction of cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancers. Atmospheric particles are composed of coarse, fine and ultrafine particles (PM10 , PM2.5 , and PM0.1 respectively). Ultrafine particles have potentially greater toxicity as they are more abundant and are characterized by their higher surface area per unit than larger particles; however, they remain unregulated. Our project aims to highlight