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Alleviation of anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs with synthetic benzhydryl alkamine ethers
The phenomena descril)ed may be relat,ed to Selye’s findings of clinical atlapt>ation and of enlarged adrenal cortices iti aninmls which experienced the effects of protein breakdonproducts protluce~l by formaldehyde injections, is. Iiailin. trauma. and burns.
IX. Isolation and Properties of an Active, CarThe Chemistry of Allergens. E. J., bohydrate-Free Protein From Castor Beans. Spies, J. R.. ('OU~SOII, Chambers, D. C., Bernton, 748, 1944.
Il. 8.. ant1 Stevclls. II. : J. Am. (‘hem. SOP. 66:
A protein-polysaccharide allergenic f’raction, (‘R-1 A, had previously been portion has since been almost isolated from castor bean. The carbohydrate completely remored, and a protein fractiotl, (‘I<-65A. containing only a faint, The technique for the isolat.ion of trace of carbohydrate, has been obtainetl. J’assive transf@r studies with a serum this fraction is described in detail. containing reagins for castor bean sho~v~tl that fraction CR-65A produced ii whealing reaction as strong as that l)t~~(luc~~Iby c’B-1 A. Tests on guinea pig? revealed that CR-1A was eleven times IIIOTC potent as a sensitizing agent than CB-65A. However, the median lethal shockin, w dose of (‘I>-65A and of CB-1A was the same. These results parallel the authors’ previous experience with cottonseed fractions, in that, sensitization with that antigen, but not the final The role shocking dose, was also enhanced bp the presence of polysaccharide. of polysaccharide in relation to the castor ~C;UI antigen 1s discussed. M. Kailin.
Alleviation of Anaphylactic Shock in Guinea Pigs With Synthetic Benzhydryl Alkamine Ethers, Jjoew, E. R., and Kaiser. 31. E.: l’roc. Sot. Exper. Biol. & Med. 58: 235, 1945. The alleviation of anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs by synthetic benzhydry1 alkamine ethers was investigated. These compounds had been found to be effective in alleviating histamine-induced asthma in guinea pigs. Animals were passively sensitized with rabbit antiovalhumin serum. Twcnt,v-four hours hours later, they were shocked by the intravenous injection oj crystalline ovalbumin. Fifteen minutes prior to the shocking dose, an intraperitoneal injection of aminophylline or synthetic ljenzhydryl alkamine ethers was administered. The results indicated that anlinophylline in high dosage and nPhenyl-n-ethyl-n-diethylene diamine hydl~ochloritle (1571 1;‘) have antianaphylactic actions. Reta-dimethylaminoethyl bellzhydryl ether was found to 1~ twice as active as Beta-morpholinoethyl benxhvdryl ether in alleviating anaphylactic shock. It, was also shown that Beta-dirnethylaminoethyl benzhydryl ether gave protection against intravenous injections of hist,amine or the inhalation of atomizecl histamine solutions. Synthetic benzhydryl alkamine ethers were twice as effectiT-cl a:$ 15’il 1” in alleviating the bronchoconstriction induced in guinea pigs by the illhalatiolr 01’ atomized hi:;tamine. The histamine-antagonistic properties of the benzhydryl ethers should pro\ec oi’ value in investigating the role of histamine in \.nrions physiologic mechanisms and pathologic conditions. A.
Miscellaneous Weather and Susceptibility in Relation to the Spread of Common Cold ; Effect of Ascorbic Acid, in Massive Dosage, on Duration. Brown, W. I{., Mahoney, F., Niedringhaus,
A., and Lockr.
A.:
J. Immunol.
50: 161. 1945.
The relationship of weat.her and susceptibility to the spread of the common cold was investigated over a period of a year in a group of 1,600 college girls. The effect of massive doses of ascorbjc acid on the duration of the common cold was also studied. An increase in the number of new colds occurred during periods of falling temperature accompanied by heavy rains. This was particularly noticeable among t,he most susceptible members of the group, that is among those with the highest average number, of colds for the year. Smokers showed an in-
IX. Isolation and Properties of an Active, CarThe Chemistry of Allergens. E. J., bohydrate-Free Protein From Castor Beans. Spies, J. R.. ('OU~SOII, Chambers, D. C., Bernton, 748, 1944.
Il. 8.. ant1 Stevclls. II. : J. Am. (‘hem. SOP. 66:
A protein-polysaccharide allergenic f’raction, (‘R-1 A, had previously been portion has since been almost isolated from castor bean. The carbohydrate completely remored, and a protein fractiotl, (‘I<-65A. containing only a faint, The technique for the isolat.ion of trace of carbohydrate, has been obtainetl. J’assive transf@r studies with a serum this fraction is described in detail. containing reagins for castor bean sho~v~tl that fraction CR-65A produced ii whealing reaction as strong as that l)t~~(luc~~Iby c’B-1 A. Tests on guinea pig? revealed that CR-1A was eleven times IIIOTC potent as a sensitizing agent than CB-65A. However, the median lethal shockin, w dose of (‘I>-65A and of CB-1A was the same. These results parallel the authors’ previous experience with cottonseed fractions, in that, sensitization with that antigen, but not the final The role shocking dose, was also enhanced bp the presence of polysaccharide. of polysaccharide in relation to the castor ~C;UI antigen 1s discussed. M. Kailin.
Alleviation of Anaphylactic Shock in Guinea Pigs With Synthetic Benzhydryl Alkamine Ethers, Jjoew, E. R., and Kaiser. 31. E.: l’roc. Sot. Exper. Biol. & Med. 58: 235, 1945. The alleviation of anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs by synthetic benzhydry1 alkamine ethers was investigated. These compounds had been found to be effective in alleviating histamine-induced asthma in guinea pigs. Animals were passively sensitized with rabbit antiovalhumin serum. Twcnt,v-four hours hours later, they were shocked by the intravenous injection oj crystalline ovalbumin. Fifteen minutes prior to the shocking dose, an intraperitoneal injection of aminophylline or synthetic ljenzhydryl alkamine ethers was administered. The results indicated that anlinophylline in high dosage and nPhenyl-n-ethyl-n-diethylene diamine hydl~ochloritle (1571 1;‘) have antianaphylactic actions. Reta-dimethylaminoethyl bellzhydryl ether was found to 1~ twice as active as Beta-morpholinoethyl benxhvdryl ether in alleviating anaphylactic shock. It, was also shown that Beta-dirnethylaminoethyl benzhydryl ether gave protection against intravenous injections of hist,amine or the inhalation of atomizecl histamine solutions. Synthetic benzhydryl alkamine ethers were twice as effectiT-cl a:$ 15’il 1” in alleviating the bronchoconstriction induced in guinea pigs by the illhalatiolr 01’ atomized hi:;tamine. The histamine-antagonistic properties of the benzhydryl ethers should pro\ec oi’ value in investigating the role of histamine in \.nrions physiologic mechanisms and pathologic conditions. A.
Miscellaneous Weather and Susceptibility in Relation to the Spread of Common Cold ; Effect of Ascorbic Acid, in Massive Dosage, on Duration. Brown, W. I{., Mahoney, F., Niedringhaus,
A., and Lockr.
A.:
J. Immunol.
50: 161. 1945.
The relationship of weat.her and susceptibility to the spread of the common cold was investigated over a period of a year in a group of 1,600 college girls. The effect of massive doses of ascorbjc acid on the duration of the common cold was also studied. An increase in the number of new colds occurred during periods of falling temperature accompanied by heavy rains. This was particularly noticeable among t,he most susceptible members of the group, that is among those with the highest average number, of colds for the year. Smokers showed an in-