Behavioral and neurochemical modifications induced by dietary choline deprivation

Pharmacological

Research

BEHAVIORAL

Communications,

Vol. 19, No.

AND NEUROCHEMICAL MODIFICATIONS

965

12. 1987

INDUCED BY DIETARY CHOLINE

DEPRIVATION. M. Orsetti Institute

of Pharmacology

and Pharmacognosy,

Key words: memoly decay, dietary

There in the

is evidence

formation

conceivable control gestion,

cholinergic

the

to study

drug

action

Molinengo,

1981).

Brain

described

by Beani

rectus

The staircase

acetylcholine

muscle

(ACh)

(1963) of

the

present

by a we

caused

by dietary

used

in previous

bioassay

is

sug-

paper

was utilized

The specific

this

induced

was extracted

and the

frog.

test

maze

on memory decay

and Bianchi

abdominis

alterations

it

by long-term

to

effects In the

involved

Therefore

In regard on the

receptors.

is

can be modulated

1984).

and neurochemical rat.

function

availability.

et al.,

r~~carinic

memory trace.

been performed

in the

the

cholinergic

of the

(Beninger

behavioral

deprivation

searches

central

of Turin.

acetylcholine,

in memory processes

have

diet

University

deprivation,

precursors

many studies

the

line

that

changes

choline-enriched report

choline

and deterioration

that of

and L. Oggero

(Cassone by the

of

reand

method

was performed binding

cho-

3

on H-QNB

TABLE I - kscarinic cholinergic receptor density (firol/mg prot.f.S.E.M.)(lG experiments) Achccs?tent(rg/gfreshtissuefS.E.M.)(nexperiments) infourdifferentregionsofthe brain of cholin~eficient rats. * P < 0.05 ** P < 0.02 x*x P < 0.01 DIETARYBKILINE DEPRIVATI@l (20 days)

ocivlmL.s

B max

ACh

B m3x

CCRTM

627+47

3.25*0.34

67sJ*xl

SuBcorn

511227

7.45+0.54

483~33

B msx

ACh *** 0.32 XI* 2.07+0.46

3.54-10.45

797+72*

7.41*

0.83

446537

0.70

550259

1.57+

1.60+0.21

Es?+-41

2.472

**

**t 4EB+-14

4.30+-O&

606~30

4.40*

OLFACICRYBULBS

542+39

4.55kO.34

6394-69

4.59f0.49

0031-6989/87/l

DIETARY.CXOLINE DEPRIVATI(X'J(4Odays)

ACh

HlFWXWUS

and

t** I**

2096542/$03.00/O

D 1987

The

Italian

0.32

Pharmacological

Society

966

Pharmacological

(Amity-PG, ceptor

39 Ci/mmol) density

performance between

in the on the

the

staircase

by dietary

between

significant

the

control

( t= 2.42;

muscarinic

receptor

the

mory

trace

short-term but

it

does

in agreement

long-term

treatment

a reduction sity

(in

of the

in the

receptor

density

in the

staircase

treatment. play

the

This

an important

and the

brain

previous

ACh levels

appear

before

choline-deficient in the

result role

occur

supports in

reports

(Bartus affects

the

20 days the

et

Our data

after

the

of

indicate

of the

al.,

meOn the

19801,

cholinergic

the

function: receptor

den-

Notwithstanding dysfunctions

fully

of muscarinic

improvement

hypothesis

stabilization

I.

activity.

cholinergic

and the

(1.75k1.75)

and of rats

obtained.

increase

The dif-

of ACh and the

of muscarinic

been

the

difference

stabilization cholinergic

the

of rat

rats

rats

central

rats

hippocampus

maze test

induces

have

The decay

12, 1987

no daily

treated

in table

and an increase

and hippocampus)

re-

(20 days).

of control

significantly

cholinergic

with

The levels

are reported

influence

with

effects

develop,

not

period

PLO.02).

Vol. 79, No.

as percent

deprivation

(20 days)

(40 days)

cortex

behavioral

diet

treatment

contrary,

the

in the

on choline-deficient

that

the

choline

13;

1974).

(evaluated

(19.71f7.7)

density

muscarinic

and after

d.f.=

Communications,

and Snyder,

maze test

abolished

ference

investigate

(Yamamura

before

is

placed

brain

to

performances

training)

is

was used

Research

of rat

beginning

that

the

the

memory

performances of the

limbic

system

may

trace.

Bartus,R.T.,Dean,R.L.,Goas,J.A. and Lippa,A.S. Science, 1980 -209: 301-3, Beani,L. and Bianchi,C. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 15: 281-2, 1963 Beninger,R.J.,Tighe,S.A. and Jhamandas,K. Neurobiol. Aging, 2: 29-34, 1984 Cassone,M.C. and Molinengo,L. Life Sci., 29: 1983-8, 1981 and Snyder,S.H, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 71: 1725-9, 1974 Yamamura,H.I. -