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Benefits of Burn Camps
Burns 3 3 S ( 2 0 0 7 ) S1–S172
S15
ˆ of myocardial blood flow. The signal transduction system mediated by membrane receptor ¦A-AR of cardiomyocytes and the ´ ´ ˆ Mitoimbalance of ¡◦ molecular switch Gs¦A/Gi ¦A¡± are important mechanisms of myocardial function reduction postburn. ¢U chondrial DNA deletion, down regulation of NRF1¡¢mtTFA and CPT-II mRNA expression are important factors of postburn energy dysmetabolism of cardiomyocytes. Activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway caused by open of mitochondrial ¨ NF-¦EB ˆ is a key signaling permeability transposition pore due to calcium overload plays roles in apoptosis of myocardial cells. ¢U ´ Mechanics overload may aggravates damage of the hypoxic cardiomymolecule mediating inflammatory myocardial damage. ¢Y ocytes. ¢ÞAccording to the above findings, we proposed the ¡◦ post-burn shock heart¡± theory of early post-burn ischemia/hypoxia, which not only confirms that myocardial damage occurs early post-burn, but implies that the early post-burn myocardial damage can be one of the important factors initiating ischemic-hypoxic damage following severe burns (Fig. 1). ¢ß Up-regulation of ´ and HSP70, glycine, ulinastatin, pulse-activating injection, panax notoginseng endogenous protective molecules such as HIF1¦A and clonidine are useful in prevention of early post-burn myocardial damage. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.038 Benefits of Burn Camps Williams S. Canadian Burn Foundation, Canada E-mail address: [email protected]. Introduction: Burn Camps have benefited young burn survivors for almost 30 years, allowing young people to interact with their peers and come to terms with their burn injury as well as their physical and emotional scars. This presentation details some benefits the young people have gained from their perspective, and how such events can influence their lives. Methods: Children and young adults were interviewed at Burn Camp and after at intervals of 3, 6 and 9 months. The first set of questions were in the form of an evaluation and were very straight forward, asking the individuals what they preferred at camp, did they want to return, etc. Evaluations at the end of what is usually a positive experience were answered in a somewhat favourable way. Questions asked via letter or phone interview were more in depth, asking more specific questions. The groups of people in the study ranged age 11–22 and were broken into groups by age and gender to see differences. Results: The results indicated that Burn Camps had a great personal benefit to almost all the children. The experience of sharing their life was positive and most felt at ease with the other burn survivors at Burn Camp. There were some individuals who experienced a degree of embarrassment talking about personal issues but generally attendees were glad to share the experience. Negative comments were focused in areas where they thought they were “under a microscope” as they felt they were there to interact and not be counselled. There were no significant gender differences except that females answered more openly and both genders thought it was harder for a female to live with a visual burn. Conclusion: The younger groups interacted on a more playful level whilst the older group wanted to deal more with life issues. There were only minor gender differences. The conclusion of this study is that camps are not only worthwhile they also benefit the young person in terms of self acceptance and confidence. Used wisely camps and retreats are opportunities for young burn survivors to accept who they are recognise their choices in life. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.039 A clinical study on the fluid replacement formula for delayed resuscitation in burn patients with shock Huang Yue-Sheng, Zongcheng Y., Baigang Y. Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory, China E-mail address: [email protected] (Y.-S. Huang). Objective: To explore a suitable plan for the delayed rapid fluid resuscitation in burn patients with shock. Methods: Twenty patients with total body surface area burned over 40% admitted 4–8 h postburn were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into plasma and gelofusin groups. Rapid fluid replacement was given immediately after admission under close hemodynamical monitoring. Hemodynamical (PAP, PAWP, CO, PVR, SVR) and hemorrheological parameters, tissue oxygenation (DO2, VO2, O2ext, lactic acid, base deficit) as well as indices reflecting the main visceral functions and damage were investigated. ` Results: The amount of rapid fluid infusion within 2 h after admission accounted for 38.8¡A6.1% of the amount calculated with the ` 0)% of the amount formula for the first 24 h. When the amount of pre-hospitalization was added, the amount would be (48 3¡A5 ` for the first 24 h. The real amount of the infusion for the first 24 h was (31.4¡A14.3)% more than that of the amount calculated with the Evans formula. The real infused fluid amount for the second 24 h was almost equal to the amount calculated with the formula. After fast fluid replacement therapy, all the parameters determined were markedly improved. Conclusions: It is proposed that the formula for the delayed rapid fluid resuscitation in burn patients with shock should be: the ´ ´ amount infused for the first 24 h (ml) = TBSA (£¥)¡Abody weight (kg)¡A2.6£¬the ratio of colloid to electrolytes is 1:1, water = 2000 ml.
S15
ˆ of myocardial blood flow. The signal transduction system mediated by membrane receptor ¦A-AR of cardiomyocytes and the ´ ´ ˆ Mitoimbalance of ¡◦ molecular switch Gs¦A/Gi ¦A¡± are important mechanisms of myocardial function reduction postburn. ¢U chondrial DNA deletion, down regulation of NRF1¡¢mtTFA and CPT-II mRNA expression are important factors of postburn energy dysmetabolism of cardiomyocytes. Activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway caused by open of mitochondrial ¨ NF-¦EB ˆ is a key signaling permeability transposition pore due to calcium overload plays roles in apoptosis of myocardial cells. ¢U ´ Mechanics overload may aggravates damage of the hypoxic cardiomymolecule mediating inflammatory myocardial damage. ¢Y ocytes. ¢ÞAccording to the above findings, we proposed the ¡◦ post-burn shock heart¡± theory of early post-burn ischemia/hypoxia, which not only confirms that myocardial damage occurs early post-burn, but implies that the early post-burn myocardial damage can be one of the important factors initiating ischemic-hypoxic damage following severe burns (Fig. 1). ¢ß Up-regulation of ´ and HSP70, glycine, ulinastatin, pulse-activating injection, panax notoginseng endogenous protective molecules such as HIF1¦A and clonidine are useful in prevention of early post-burn myocardial damage. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.038 Benefits of Burn Camps Williams S. Canadian Burn Foundation, Canada E-mail address: [email protected]. Introduction: Burn Camps have benefited young burn survivors for almost 30 years, allowing young people to interact with their peers and come to terms with their burn injury as well as their physical and emotional scars. This presentation details some benefits the young people have gained from their perspective, and how such events can influence their lives. Methods: Children and young adults were interviewed at Burn Camp and after at intervals of 3, 6 and 9 months. The first set of questions were in the form of an evaluation and were very straight forward, asking the individuals what they preferred at camp, did they want to return, etc. Evaluations at the end of what is usually a positive experience were answered in a somewhat favourable way. Questions asked via letter or phone interview were more in depth, asking more specific questions. The groups of people in the study ranged age 11–22 and were broken into groups by age and gender to see differences. Results: The results indicated that Burn Camps had a great personal benefit to almost all the children. The experience of sharing their life was positive and most felt at ease with the other burn survivors at Burn Camp. There were some individuals who experienced a degree of embarrassment talking about personal issues but generally attendees were glad to share the experience. Negative comments were focused in areas where they thought they were “under a microscope” as they felt they were there to interact and not be counselled. There were no significant gender differences except that females answered more openly and both genders thought it was harder for a female to live with a visual burn. Conclusion: The younger groups interacted on a more playful level whilst the older group wanted to deal more with life issues. There were only minor gender differences. The conclusion of this study is that camps are not only worthwhile they also benefit the young person in terms of self acceptance and confidence. Used wisely camps and retreats are opportunities for young burn survivors to accept who they are recognise their choices in life. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.039 A clinical study on the fluid replacement formula for delayed resuscitation in burn patients with shock Huang Yue-Sheng, Zongcheng Y., Baigang Y. Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory, China E-mail address: [email protected] (Y.-S. Huang). Objective: To explore a suitable plan for the delayed rapid fluid resuscitation in burn patients with shock. Methods: Twenty patients with total body surface area burned over 40% admitted 4–8 h postburn were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into plasma and gelofusin groups. Rapid fluid replacement was given immediately after admission under close hemodynamical monitoring. Hemodynamical (PAP, PAWP, CO, PVR, SVR) and hemorrheological parameters, tissue oxygenation (DO2, VO2, O2ext, lactic acid, base deficit) as well as indices reflecting the main visceral functions and damage were investigated. ` Results: The amount of rapid fluid infusion within 2 h after admission accounted for 38.8¡A6.1% of the amount calculated with the ` 0)% of the amount formula for the first 24 h. When the amount of pre-hospitalization was added, the amount would be (48 3¡A5 ` for the first 24 h. The real amount of the infusion for the first 24 h was (31.4¡A14.3)% more than that of the amount calculated with the Evans formula. The real infused fluid amount for the second 24 h was almost equal to the amount calculated with the formula. After fast fluid replacement therapy, all the parameters determined were markedly improved. Conclusions: It is proposed that the formula for the delayed rapid fluid resuscitation in burn patients with shock should be: the ´ ´ amount infused for the first 24 h (ml) = TBSA (£¥)¡Abody weight (kg)¡A2.6£¬the ratio of colloid to electrolytes is 1:1, water = 2000 ml.