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Biomedical applications of immobilized enzymes and proteins, Vol. 2
183
volatile urinary components to volatile species via derivatization are quoted in this chapter, and thus &o.appear to he misplaced. Gud@nowicz z@d Gudzinowicz have gathered a great deal of information between the covers of their book; It is &atively kee of structural and typographical errors; an incorrect structure is found on. p. 48 (valence problem; too many bends), but the authors have not, in &is reviewer’s opinion, employed sufficient resolving power in ‘searching the literature to select and present only pertinent material. The ‘purchasers of books, whose time and money are already spread thin, should not have to differentiate between relevant ‘and irrelevant contents. Let us hope that forthcoming volumes in this series focus better on methods.and articles true to the indicated topics. This is what distinguishes just another book from a really good .one. Rahway, N.J. (U.S.A.)
JoumaT of Chromatogmphy, 146 (1978) 183-184 Biomedical Applications 0 EZevier Scientific PublishingCompany, Amsterdam -
CHRqflHO.
W.&A. VANDENHEUVEL
Printed in The Netherlands
194
Book Review Biomedical applications of immobilized enzymes and proteins, Vol. 2, edited by T.M.S. Chang, Plenum, New York, London,1977, XX + 359 pp., price US$47.40, ISBN O-306-34312-6. The investigations of the uses of immobilized enzymes and proteins in analytical chemistry, medicine and industrial processes represent a new biochemical trend of ever increasing importance. This is evident from the steadily increasing number of original papers and monographs in this field (Immobilized Enzymes, Methods Enzymol., 44 (1976); Immobihxed Enzyme Principles, edited by L.B. Wingard, Jr., E. Katchalski-Katzir and L. Goldstein, Academic Press, i976; Biotechnological Application of Proteins and Enzymes, edited by 2. Bohak and N. Sharon, Academic Press, 1977). The monograph under review is the first one devoted exclusively to biomedical applications and. it will certainly hevery useful for specialists in this field. Volume I was devoted to the classification and chemistries of immobilized enzymes &id to experimental applications in therapy. Volume 2 now under review is a continuation with two sets of chapters: “Disgnostics and public health?’ and “Perspectives”. The potential of immobilized enzymes themselves, as analytical tools, is demonstrated by .a number of automated and semiautomated systems of analysis, as for example the determina~on of serum gb&mata oxaloacetate t ase, glucose, inorganic phosphates and others (Campbell and Homby). A variety of methods based on immobilized protein reagents or devices, that have .,been used for the detection and quantification of materials in urine,
184
were reviewed by Boguslaski and Smith. The extraordinary sensiti& Of hnmobilized enzyme systems for environmental monitoring was demon&at& by a contiuuous monitor for the dew - tion of Organoph&phkes~and Carbamates (Goodson and Jacobs). The chapters Mradioim+noassay (U&Se) and &zyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELBA) (E@gvall) are instqictie. cfhe immunoadsorption of hepatitis B antigen from blood plasma is d&scribed by Wong and Charm, visual detection of hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody by Laffin, Enzyme electrodes represent the most recent advance in analytical chemisky. The great progress achieved iu this field is best &dent from the table in which Guilbault reviews the enzyme electrodes developed for the determination of urea, glucose, L-amino acids (general), L-@m&e, L&&amine, ~-ghtamic acid, L-aspamgine, D-amino acids (general), lactic acid, alcohols, peuicihiu, uric acid and amygdahn. The chapter on electrochemical preparation of euzymecollagen membranes is also connected with enwme electrodes (Suzuki et al.). Further, thermal enzyme probe utilizing the immobilized enzyme calorimeter for widespread biomedical applications (Weaver et al.) represents novel approach to chemical analysis, as does the volatile enzyme product method based on mass spectrometry and immobilized enzymes (Weaver) _ In the second part of the book, dealing with the prospects of the use of immobilized enzymes and proteins, a number of very interesting examples are presented. Microcapsules as injectable prostheses, microvascular templates for the miniaturization of artificial organs, and further possibilities are discussed in the chapter on “Biomedical aspects of immob%ed enzymes and proteins: a physiologist’s view of the prospects” (MacInu+h). The advantages of the uhrasonic method of medical diagnostics will undoubtedly be increased by the introduction of a more sensitive detection by means of sound-sensitive enzymatic systems as chemical amplifiers of weak signals (Berezin et al.). Bnzymes catalyzhig sequences of reactions, attached to the same beads form immobilized multistep enzyme systems withIan architecture in many aspects reminiscent of that of the naturally occutring multi-enzyme systems. Medical ‘and biochemical applications of such multistep enzyme systems open up almost unimaginably wide possibilities (Mattiasson). In biochemical diagnostics and syntheses the sequential and cyclical actions of Zmmobilized enzymes that require coenzymes for their function (Lenhoff et al., Campbell and Chang) can also be utilized. In the enzymatic therapy of thromboembolic diseases plasninogen activator preparations (Ma&g et al.) can find considerable use in future; this is also true generally for enzyme therapy with soluble cross-linked enzyme polymers (Ponausky). Euzymes attached to nylon tubes (Sundaram) may also m&m great progress in analysis. The book ends with a Subject Index. The book reviewed here does not only contain a wealth-of very valuable reviews on the new developing methods, but it also gives many a stimuh~s. It certainly will be a useful aid to all those working in the field of &nical and preventive medicine, protection of the environment, pharmacy, analysis, but also of biochemical and microbiological research_ Pmgue (Czecitoslovakic)
J. TUkOVi
volatile urinary components to volatile species via derivatization are quoted in this chapter, and thus &o.appear to he misplaced. Gud@nowicz z@d Gudzinowicz have gathered a great deal of information between the covers of their book; It is &atively kee of structural and typographical errors; an incorrect structure is found on. p. 48 (valence problem; too many bends), but the authors have not, in &is reviewer’s opinion, employed sufficient resolving power in ‘searching the literature to select and present only pertinent material. The ‘purchasers of books, whose time and money are already spread thin, should not have to differentiate between relevant ‘and irrelevant contents. Let us hope that forthcoming volumes in this series focus better on methods.and articles true to the indicated topics. This is what distinguishes just another book from a really good .one. Rahway, N.J. (U.S.A.)
JoumaT of Chromatogmphy, 146 (1978) 183-184 Biomedical Applications 0 EZevier Scientific PublishingCompany, Amsterdam -
CHRqflHO.
W.&A. VANDENHEUVEL
Printed in The Netherlands
194
Book Review Biomedical applications of immobilized enzymes and proteins, Vol. 2, edited by T.M.S. Chang, Plenum, New York, London,1977, XX + 359 pp., price US$47.40, ISBN O-306-34312-6. The investigations of the uses of immobilized enzymes and proteins in analytical chemistry, medicine and industrial processes represent a new biochemical trend of ever increasing importance. This is evident from the steadily increasing number of original papers and monographs in this field (Immobilized Enzymes, Methods Enzymol., 44 (1976); Immobihxed Enzyme Principles, edited by L.B. Wingard, Jr., E. Katchalski-Katzir and L. Goldstein, Academic Press, i976; Biotechnological Application of Proteins and Enzymes, edited by 2. Bohak and N. Sharon, Academic Press, 1977). The monograph under review is the first one devoted exclusively to biomedical applications and. it will certainly hevery useful for specialists in this field. Volume I was devoted to the classification and chemistries of immobilized enzymes &id to experimental applications in therapy. Volume 2 now under review is a continuation with two sets of chapters: “Disgnostics and public health?’ and “Perspectives”. The potential of immobilized enzymes themselves, as analytical tools, is demonstrated by .a number of automated and semiautomated systems of analysis, as for example the determina~on of serum gb&mata oxaloacetate t ase, glucose, inorganic phosphates and others (Campbell and Homby). A variety of methods based on immobilized protein reagents or devices, that have .,been used for the detection and quantification of materials in urine,
184
were reviewed by Boguslaski and Smith. The extraordinary sensiti& Of hnmobilized enzyme systems for environmental monitoring was demon&at& by a contiuuous monitor for the dew - tion of Organoph&phkes~and Carbamates (Goodson and Jacobs). The chapters Mradioim+noassay (U&Se) and &zyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELBA) (E@gvall) are instqictie. cfhe immunoadsorption of hepatitis B antigen from blood plasma is d&scribed by Wong and Charm, visual detection of hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody by Laffin, Enzyme electrodes represent the most recent advance in analytical chemisky. The great progress achieved iu this field is best &dent from the table in which Guilbault reviews the enzyme electrodes developed for the determination of urea, glucose, L-amino acids (general), L-@m&e, L&&amine, ~-ghtamic acid, L-aspamgine, D-amino acids (general), lactic acid, alcohols, peuicihiu, uric acid and amygdahn. The chapter on electrochemical preparation of euzymecollagen membranes is also connected with enwme electrodes (Suzuki et al.). Further, thermal enzyme probe utilizing the immobilized enzyme calorimeter for widespread biomedical applications (Weaver et al.) represents novel approach to chemical analysis, as does the volatile enzyme product method based on mass spectrometry and immobilized enzymes (Weaver) _ In the second part of the book, dealing with the prospects of the use of immobilized enzymes and proteins, a number of very interesting examples are presented. Microcapsules as injectable prostheses, microvascular templates for the miniaturization of artificial organs, and further possibilities are discussed in the chapter on “Biomedical aspects of immob%ed enzymes and proteins: a physiologist’s view of the prospects” (MacInu+h). The advantages of the uhrasonic method of medical diagnostics will undoubtedly be increased by the introduction of a more sensitive detection by means of sound-sensitive enzymatic systems as chemical amplifiers of weak signals (Berezin et al.). Bnzymes catalyzhig sequences of reactions, attached to the same beads form immobilized multistep enzyme systems withIan architecture in many aspects reminiscent of that of the naturally occutring multi-enzyme systems. Medical ‘and biochemical applications of such multistep enzyme systems open up almost unimaginably wide possibilities (Mattiasson). In biochemical diagnostics and syntheses the sequential and cyclical actions of Zmmobilized enzymes that require coenzymes for their function (Lenhoff et al., Campbell and Chang) can also be utilized. In the enzymatic therapy of thromboembolic diseases plasninogen activator preparations (Ma&g et al.) can find considerable use in future; this is also true generally for enzyme therapy with soluble cross-linked enzyme polymers (Ponausky). Euzymes attached to nylon tubes (Sundaram) may also m&m great progress in analysis. The book ends with a Subject Index. The book reviewed here does not only contain a wealth-of very valuable reviews on the new developing methods, but it also gives many a stimuh~s. It certainly will be a useful aid to all those working in the field of &nical and preventive medicine, protection of the environment, pharmacy, analysis, but also of biochemical and microbiological research_ Pmgue (Czecitoslovakic)
J. TUkOVi