Chemical nucleation theory for various humidities and pollutants

,4,,ro.~al .~twnee, Iq'71, Vol. 4, pp

14 ~ ll~ 144 pers~jmlm Pre'~t Pllnled in (.ileal Bnlaln.

CLJRRENT WORK ON NUCLEATION Compiled

by C

S

K t a N ( ] a n d D. S'raUFF,'E,,R

Phy'sic,~ Deparlmenl, Clask College, Allanla, Georgia, ~0114 kJ S A. Briel absrracl's i~l' work which has nol yel been publ.shed may be subm,led Io Ihe compilers lur inclusion in Ihis seclion Scaling thtq}ry for metastable stales and their lifetime. By K BINr)E,R, PhyMk-Deparlmenl E 14, 8040 Garcmg, W. Germany and E" St'art; IBM Zurich Research Laboralory, 8A01 Rueschfik~m, Swilzerland 'The respunse i~l' Ihe magnelizal,m Io a sudden reversal of Ibe rrlabmehc field is Mudied in Ihe kinel.c I'sing rr.~del by means ol t ompuler experlmenl,~ on a square N . N lallice II .s found Ihal Ihe nlmeqmhbr.Jm relaxahon funchon fulfills a dynamic .~caling hypolhesis 'The magnehzalion of Ihe melaMable slain agrees w.lh predicllons of Ihe clu'sler model and also w~lh an analylic conlinual,~n of Ihe linear model e q u a l , m ~1 slain. Heleromoleeular condensation theory applied Io partiele growth. By D StAI~FeR and C S KiAncl, Physics Depuslmenl, (-'lark College, Allanla. Georgia 10~1,4, U S A and V A MOHNE'N, Alnro'spher=c Sciences Re,earl h Genler, SI.JNV, Albany, New York 12222, LI S A The growlh ol aqueous 'sulluric acid drl~plels or~glnallng from a heler(~molecular nucleal.on proce'ss is calculaled I'~r part =tie 'sizes up Io I(KX) A. 'T'wu ca'ses use d=scus'sed : (I) Ihere exJsl,~ a given =mlial concenlra him i~l'a condensable Irate gas', and (2) Ihere exisls a con~lanl produclllm rule of a condensable Irate gas 'The parlicle growlh and Ihe final particle ,~ze are calculaled as runclions i~l the relahve humidity Irom IO Io t)9 per eenf. Our prev.~us sludges on heleromoletular nuc'lealion as apphed Io ra~s Io pa,rlicle cunvers,m are exlended Io Ihe pushcl¢ growlh pruce,~s and found Io agree roughly wllh experlmenls by Cox. Various possibilities for almospherie aerosol Formation involving NH j. By C S. KJANG, D. StAilF'F~R, Physics Departmenl, Clark College, Allanla. Geor~a t0~1,4, LJ S A. and V A MIIHNE,N, Alrriospberic Sciences Research Cenler, S U N Y , Albany, New York 12222, LJ S A N~ abslracl gwen; discusses in particular Ihe pos~ibllily ¢~1'heleromolc~ular nucleulion of aerosoln can'sisling of waler and Ihe add~hon cl~mpound NHLaS(.)z The role of nalural radlaliou enviroumenl in atmospheric" ~ienees. By K G VI,HRA. Air Momh~rmg Set'lion, Bhabha Ah,m=¢ Research Cenlre, Trombav, Bl~mbay 8% India. No ab'slrucl bqven; di~cu.%e~ Ihe influence of i,~rllzlng radiahon on aerosol I'ormal,)n Abslracls of 'some uf Ihe lalks al Ibe Farudul, Svmpo,¥rum 7, F'l~/a~sand Smokes, held al Swan;,ea. 2f~- }0 March, 197t (Reprinled by permission of Ihe Faraday Division ¢~1'Ihe Chemical Soclely ) Nueleatiou, growth, Hpeniog and cougulatiou in aerosol formation. By W J [)UNN~N~;; Schl~ol of Chemi'slry, Llmvers~ly ol Br~hd, BoB'sial BS8 ITS, England. Review l~l' prenuclealion kinehc,q nuclealion/~owlh, ripening and coagulal,m, ,~edimenlallon, impacllon and dispersal (Comparison wHh experimenl Kinetic proeesses in the condensation and evaporation id'aer¢~)ls. By E R BLll 'KL[ , Dcparlmenl of Melallurgy, 'The LJrilvcrsily, Shet~eld SI UD. England 'The slable and mela~lable slales u r n vapour are considered in relalion h} Ih¢ process of condensal=on BV mi~delhri/z Iheve Males on a gaseOlJS 'syslem ol growing arid evaporaling m.lecular clu~ler~, kinehcally balanced, and by c,m,~ideraHon ~1' Ihe reqmremcnl~ of Ihe Ihermodynam~c lim~l, Iwl~ impl}rlanl properhe~ may be defined, a number .I, dependenl i~ri lemperalure and presnure, wfi~ch =;~a parameler or Ihe clusler populal.ms, and an mlerfacial Iree energy ~,, which vurle's wilh lemperalure and clusler size bul nol wilh pressure E xpres,~rms h~rJ and t,, and I'~r Ihe crilical clusler s~ze m melaMable ,Male~, are derived for ,~lmple mi~dels of clu~ler reaclllms 'The rains I~l' Ihes¢ reacliori's are conMdcred h~r parlicles in Ihe Iorm of large cluMers, and coeh~c=enls ol evapuralion and t.,~owlh oblalned which lend lu z~ro w=lh increu'se in parlicle ,size II Is c~mcluded Ihal parllcles of wsihle size are nell formed by ,sponlaneou,s condensahun under uniform condHion,s ol lemperulure and pre,ssure Chemical nuelealion theory for various humidities and pollutanls. By C S KtAnl~ and D STAIITFE.R, PhysiCS DepaJ'lmenl, Clark College, Allanla, Geurgi.', 1,011,4, LI S A The F l o o d - N e u m a n n - D u r m g - r e ~ s s - Doyle Iheury paves a slrong dependence ol Ihe nucleahon rule on Ihe humldlly (for r h 100%) and ,shown Ihal under almo,spherlc condllil~n H ,,SOd, bul nol HN(.)~, SOz, or NH~, conlrlbulcs dlreclly Io Ihe aerosol nucleahon wllhoul pre-exlsIing nuclei 'T'yp~cally, 10v H~S(.')~ mi~l~ule~ per cm ~ are enl~ugh Io form droplel~ ol aqueous sulphuric acid soluhons

Evaporation of flue atmo.~herie I~rtieles. By C N DAvI~s; Dep',u-lmenl of Chemlslry, Umversity of Essex, Wivenho¢ Park, Colchesler, Es'sex, England. 141