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Clay geotextile interaction in in-soil tensile tests
104A
9O2316 Dutch progress in the standardization of geotextile test methods de Groot, M T; den Hoedt, G; Nijhof, A H J Proc International Geotechnicai Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P75-80. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988
902320 Functions and effects of reinforcing materials in earth reinforcement Hayashi, S; Ochiai. H; Yoshimoto, A; Sato. K; Kitamura, T Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P99-104. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema, 1988
Increasing use of geotextiles necessitates standardisation of test methods for meaningful comparison of properties. Progress towards this in Holland is described. Draft standards for permittivity (filter velocity/hydraulic head) and pore size tests are presented. Strip and wide width tensile tests have been evaluated. The influence of specimen width and clamp systems for woven and nonwoven textiles is discussed.
A new, large-scale direct shear apparatus has been developed which allows testing with uniform or non-uniform strain conditions. The apparatus is used to study the effects of metal bar and polymer grid reinforcement on behaviour of sand. Effects of the orientation of the reinforcement with respect to the direction of shear, and whether it is under tensile or compressive loading, were also studied.
902317 Clay geotextile interaction in in-soil tensile tests Fabian, K J; Fourie, A B Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P81-86. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1988
902321 Present state of knowledge of long term behaviour of materials used as soil reinforcements Jailloux, J M; Segrestin, P Proc International Geotechnicai Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 PI05-110. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988
In-soil tensile tests on woven and non-woven needle punched geotextiles confined in clay are described. Typical load-displacement curves are illustrated. Geotextile modulus is significantly increased by confining stress, up to 10 times for nonwoven fabric, up to 3 times for woven. The primary mechanism of modulus improvement is increased interfibre friction for woven fabric, and interlocking of soil.particles and fibres for nonwoven,
902318 Friction characteristics of polypropylene straps in reinforced minestone Finlay, T W; Wei, M J; Hytiris, N Proc International Geotechn&al Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P87-92. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988
Minestone (unburnt colliery spoil) is widely available. Its potential for use in reinforced earth retaining walls with polypropylene straps, which offer better corrosion resistance than galvanised steel, has been investigated. Large shear box tests and laboratory and full scale pullout tests are described. Results are presented and differences in behaviour of ribbed steel and polypropylene reinforcement discussed.
902319 Strength characteristics of reinforced sand in large scale triaxial compression test Fukushima, S; Mochizuki, Y; Kagawa, K Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice of Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P93-98. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988 Large scale triaxial tests were carried out to examine strength and deformation properties of reinforced sand. Specimens were 120cm diameter by 240cm high and contained full size geogrid, nonwoven fabric or metal strip reinforcement. Performance of reinforced and unreinforced sand is compared. The mechanism of reinforcement and deformation restraint effects are discussed.
Long term behaviour of the common reinforcement materials used in soils, galvanised steel, aluminium alloys, and polymers, is examined with reference to required service life. Degradation and deterioration mechanisms are considered, as are effects of soil chemistry and temperature. Current knowledge, areas of limited knowledge and research requirements are discussed.
902322 Creep behaviour of geotextiles Kabir, M H Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice of Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 PIII-I16. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988 Creep laws for polymeric geotextiles are examined and a generalised nonlinear constitutive equation which gives good fit with experimental data is presented for practical applications. Suitable test techniques and methods for data analysis and presentation are suggested. Stiffness values from short term testing should not be used to infer long term behaviour. Data for four generic geotextiles are presented.
902323 Long-term pull-out tests on polymergrids in sand Kutara, K; Aoyama, N; Yasunaga, H; Kato, T Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice of Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P117-122. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988 Friction/adhesion behaviour between sand and polymer grids was examined using displacement controlled short term pullout tests and load controlled long term pullout tests. Friction was dependent on density of sand, confining pressure, pullout force and testing method. For long term tests, frictional behaviour is controlled by long term deformation of the grid itself, rather than by long term shear deformation between sand and grid. Each bar of the grid deforms, but the free end is little displaced.
1990 Pergamon Press plc. Reproduction not permitted
9O2316 Dutch progress in the standardization of geotextile test methods de Groot, M T; den Hoedt, G; Nijhof, A H J Proc International Geotechnicai Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P75-80. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988
902320 Functions and effects of reinforcing materials in earth reinforcement Hayashi, S; Ochiai. H; Yoshimoto, A; Sato. K; Kitamura, T Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P99-104. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema, 1988
Increasing use of geotextiles necessitates standardisation of test methods for meaningful comparison of properties. Progress towards this in Holland is described. Draft standards for permittivity (filter velocity/hydraulic head) and pore size tests are presented. Strip and wide width tensile tests have been evaluated. The influence of specimen width and clamp systems for woven and nonwoven textiles is discussed.
A new, large-scale direct shear apparatus has been developed which allows testing with uniform or non-uniform strain conditions. The apparatus is used to study the effects of metal bar and polymer grid reinforcement on behaviour of sand. Effects of the orientation of the reinforcement with respect to the direction of shear, and whether it is under tensile or compressive loading, were also studied.
902317 Clay geotextile interaction in in-soil tensile tests Fabian, K J; Fourie, A B Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P81-86. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1988
902321 Present state of knowledge of long term behaviour of materials used as soil reinforcements Jailloux, J M; Segrestin, P Proc International Geotechnicai Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 PI05-110. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988
In-soil tensile tests on woven and non-woven needle punched geotextiles confined in clay are described. Typical load-displacement curves are illustrated. Geotextile modulus is significantly increased by confining stress, up to 10 times for nonwoven fabric, up to 3 times for woven. The primary mechanism of modulus improvement is increased interfibre friction for woven fabric, and interlocking of soil.particles and fibres for nonwoven,
902318 Friction characteristics of polypropylene straps in reinforced minestone Finlay, T W; Wei, M J; Hytiris, N Proc International Geotechn&al Symposium on Theory and Practice o f Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P87-92. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988
Minestone (unburnt colliery spoil) is widely available. Its potential for use in reinforced earth retaining walls with polypropylene straps, which offer better corrosion resistance than galvanised steel, has been investigated. Large shear box tests and laboratory and full scale pullout tests are described. Results are presented and differences in behaviour of ribbed steel and polypropylene reinforcement discussed.
902319 Strength characteristics of reinforced sand in large scale triaxial compression test Fukushima, S; Mochizuki, Y; Kagawa, K Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice of Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P93-98. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988 Large scale triaxial tests were carried out to examine strength and deformation properties of reinforced sand. Specimens were 120cm diameter by 240cm high and contained full size geogrid, nonwoven fabric or metal strip reinforcement. Performance of reinforced and unreinforced sand is compared. The mechanism of reinforcement and deformation restraint effects are discussed.
Long term behaviour of the common reinforcement materials used in soils, galvanised steel, aluminium alloys, and polymers, is examined with reference to required service life. Degradation and deterioration mechanisms are considered, as are effects of soil chemistry and temperature. Current knowledge, areas of limited knowledge and research requirements are discussed.
902322 Creep behaviour of geotextiles Kabir, M H Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice of Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 PIII-I16. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988 Creep laws for polymeric geotextiles are examined and a generalised nonlinear constitutive equation which gives good fit with experimental data is presented for practical applications. Suitable test techniques and methods for data analysis and presentation are suggested. Stiffness values from short term testing should not be used to infer long term behaviour. Data for four generic geotextiles are presented.
902323 Long-term pull-out tests on polymergrids in sand Kutara, K; Aoyama, N; Yasunaga, H; Kato, T Proc International Geotechnical Symposium on Theory and Practice of Earth Reinforcement, Fukuoka Kyushu, 5-7 October 1988 P117-122. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1988 Friction/adhesion behaviour between sand and polymer grids was examined using displacement controlled short term pullout tests and load controlled long term pullout tests. Friction was dependent on density of sand, confining pressure, pullout force and testing method. For long term tests, frictional behaviour is controlled by long term deformation of the grid itself, rather than by long term shear deformation between sand and grid. Each bar of the grid deforms, but the free end is little displaced.
1990 Pergamon Press plc. Reproduction not permitted