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Collapse settlements of a high embankment due to water saturation after construction
73 A P P L I C A T I O N OF THE K I N E M A T I C ELEMENT METHOD FOR PSEUDO 3 - D ANALYSES
S. SAVIDIS U. STURM B. ROGER
Technical U n i v e r s i t y of B e r l i n B e r l i n - FRG B e r l i n - FRG
i n BAUTECHNIK N r . 1 2 / 1 9 8 7 ,
FRG
409-416 SUMMARY
The k i n e m a t i c e l e m e n t m e t h o d (KEM) h a s b e e n d e v e l o p e d r e c e n t l y i n o r d e r t o deal w i t h l i m i t l o a d c o n d i t i o n s i n g e o m e c h a n i c s . The m e t h o d h a s b e e n a p p l i e d successfully to plane problems. In this paper the extension t o a p s e u d o 3-O a n a l y s i s i s p r e s e n t e d by i n t r o d u c i n g t h e f o r c e s a c t i n g on t h e o u t o f p l a n e f a c e s o f t h e b l o c k s d e s c r i b i n g t h e f a i l u r e mode. The c o m p u t e r c o d e b a s e d on t h e KEM i s v e r y g e n e r a l t h u s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n t o a v a r i e t y o f problems i s r e a d i l y p o s s i b l e . I n t h i s paper a n a l y s e s o f base f a i l u r e s and s l o p e f a i l u r e s a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r v a r y i n g parameters and comparison i s made w i t h s o l u t i o n s o b t a i n e d by o t h e r a u t h o r s .
COLLAPSE SETTLEMENTS OF A HIGH EMBANKMENT DUE TO WATER SATURATION AFTER CONSTRUCTION H. CZAPLA J.P. LOURENS
in
C o n s u l t a n t , Reinheim - FRG C o n s u l t a n t , P r e t o r i a - South A f r i c a
BAUINGENIEUR 6 2 ,
Nr.11,
499-505 SUMMARY
In the c o n s t r u c t i o n of e m b a n k m e n t s in s e m i - a r i d and arid areas i t i s o f t e n n o t p o s s i b l e t o p l a c e t h e s o i l w i t h optimum w a t e r c o n t e n t . I f - e . g . due t o heavy r a i n s - s a t u r a t i o n t a k e s p l a c e a f t e r t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f t h e embankment excessive settlements and c o l l a p s of the soil skeleton c a n be e x p e c t e d . A method t o c a l c u l a t e s e t t l e m e n t s due t o s a t u r a t i o n which has been proposed by Nobari and Duncan (1972) i s i n c o r p o r a t e d i n t o a f i n i t e e l e m e n t program and t h e p r a c t i c a l a p p l i c a t i o n i s demonstrated by a n a l y z i n g a h i g h road embankment. The f i l l was c o n s t r u c t e d d u r i n g a d r y p e r i o d and the s e t t l e m e n t records i n d i c a t e t h a t a s i g n i f i c a n t increase o f s e t t l e m e n t s c o i n c i d e s w i t h p e r i o d s o f heavy r a i n . The n o n l i n e a r b e h a v i o u r o f t h e s t r e s s - s t r a i n r e l a t i o n s s h i p and t h e volume change a r e c o n s i d e r e d i n t h e a n a l y s i s and t h e a g r e e m e n t with the o b s e r v e d s e t t l e m e n t s is s a t i s f a c t o r i l y .
S. SAVIDIS U. STURM B. ROGER
Technical U n i v e r s i t y of B e r l i n B e r l i n - FRG B e r l i n - FRG
i n BAUTECHNIK N r . 1 2 / 1 9 8 7 ,
FRG
409-416 SUMMARY
The k i n e m a t i c e l e m e n t m e t h o d (KEM) h a s b e e n d e v e l o p e d r e c e n t l y i n o r d e r t o deal w i t h l i m i t l o a d c o n d i t i o n s i n g e o m e c h a n i c s . The m e t h o d h a s b e e n a p p l i e d successfully to plane problems. In this paper the extension t o a p s e u d o 3-O a n a l y s i s i s p r e s e n t e d by i n t r o d u c i n g t h e f o r c e s a c t i n g on t h e o u t o f p l a n e f a c e s o f t h e b l o c k s d e s c r i b i n g t h e f a i l u r e mode. The c o m p u t e r c o d e b a s e d on t h e KEM i s v e r y g e n e r a l t h u s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n t o a v a r i e t y o f problems i s r e a d i l y p o s s i b l e . I n t h i s paper a n a l y s e s o f base f a i l u r e s and s l o p e f a i l u r e s a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r v a r y i n g parameters and comparison i s made w i t h s o l u t i o n s o b t a i n e d by o t h e r a u t h o r s .
COLLAPSE SETTLEMENTS OF A HIGH EMBANKMENT DUE TO WATER SATURATION AFTER CONSTRUCTION H. CZAPLA J.P. LOURENS
in
C o n s u l t a n t , Reinheim - FRG C o n s u l t a n t , P r e t o r i a - South A f r i c a
BAUINGENIEUR 6 2 ,
Nr.11,
499-505 SUMMARY
In the c o n s t r u c t i o n of e m b a n k m e n t s in s e m i - a r i d and arid areas i t i s o f t e n n o t p o s s i b l e t o p l a c e t h e s o i l w i t h optimum w a t e r c o n t e n t . I f - e . g . due t o heavy r a i n s - s a t u r a t i o n t a k e s p l a c e a f t e r t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f t h e embankment excessive settlements and c o l l a p s of the soil skeleton c a n be e x p e c t e d . A method t o c a l c u l a t e s e t t l e m e n t s due t o s a t u r a t i o n which has been proposed by Nobari and Duncan (1972) i s i n c o r p o r a t e d i n t o a f i n i t e e l e m e n t program and t h e p r a c t i c a l a p p l i c a t i o n i s demonstrated by a n a l y z i n g a h i g h road embankment. The f i l l was c o n s t r u c t e d d u r i n g a d r y p e r i o d and the s e t t l e m e n t records i n d i c a t e t h a t a s i g n i f i c a n t increase o f s e t t l e m e n t s c o i n c i d e s w i t h p e r i o d s o f heavy r a i n . The n o n l i n e a r b e h a v i o u r o f t h e s t r e s s - s t r a i n r e l a t i o n s s h i p and t h e volume change a r e c o n s i d e r e d i n t h e a n a l y s i s and t h e a g r e e m e n t with the o b s e r v e d s e t t l e m e n t s is s a t i s f a c t o r i l y .