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Deformation characteristics of a silty clay under repeated loading
33A
pore pressures in partially saturated consolidated soil is presented. 322 ICHIHARA,M MATSUZAWA, H Application of plane strain test to earth pressure. Conference.Session one.gF, 2T,4R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.0N SOIL F~H.FOUND.ENGNG. MOSCOW,V1 .i,1973, P185-190. Plane strain and triaxial compression tests were performed for dry sand. A correlation f o r ~ l a which converts the results under axial symmetric condition into the shearln~ strength under the plane strain condition was derived. Prinmipal stress ratio and angle of frictional resistance were determined for the specified strains which were measured during the plane strain c o ~ e s s i o n test. The static resultant force of the earth pressure, its point of application and the angle of wall friction as a displacing wall were also measured. 323 KULKARNI,RP Effect of structure on properties of marine clay. Conference. Session one. 8F,6R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG ~DSCOW,VI. I, 1973, P217-Z20. The influence on failure s t r e ~ h , creep strength and yield stress of the structure of nor~Eully consolidated and overconsolidated soil sables was studied. The structure of different soil sables was felt to be different either due to the fabric, or because of a dlfferemt salt content in the pore water. A unique relationship between water content and shear stress at creep condition exists independant of the postconsolldation structure and stress history of soil. 324 LEE, IK INGI-~,OG I~,RC Controlled deformation of a cemented soil and sand. Conference.Session one.SF,4R. PROC.EIGH~ INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FODI~D.ENGNG. MOSCOW,VI. I, 1973, P245-249. " The most significant results of an investigation of the stress-straln characteristics of replicate sets of a stabilized soil and sendstone are presented. Both unloadida, reloading and large strain ranges were investigated. The specimens were tested in uniaxial compression in an infinitely p r o g r s ~ l e stiff loadir~ frame developed by Ingles and Nell (1971). 325 LASHII~, AK Deformation characteristics of a silty clay under repeated loading. Conference.Session one. 7F,14R. PRoC.EIGH~ INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. MDSCOW,VI, i, 1973, P2B7-244. Repeated load tests have been performed on normally consolidated reconstituted s p e c i e s of a silty clay. The results indicate that the deformation under repeated loading follows a similar pattern to that observed in the trsr~sie~t phase of creep. This first phase ter~zhnates in an apparent change of state leading either to equilibrium or to failure. For the soil tested it is shown that the nmuxim02n deviator stress causing failure in repeated load tests is directly related to its undrained compressive s t r e n ~ and the consolidation pressure at a particular moisture content. 326 LACE~DA~WA HOUSTON,WN Stress relaxation in soils.Conference.Session one. 1OF, RT~ 13R . FROC.EIGh~fH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. ~DSCOW,VI. I, 1973, P221- 227. Results of new stress relaxation tests on an undisturbed soft nm0~ine clay, a remoulded ksolinite, a clean quartz,
and a co,acted clay are discussed and related to previous findings. The parameters describing the stress relaxation process were related to creep parameters as msy be determined from creep tests, and to plasticity index.
327
M I T C ~ T,RJ Q U E ~ S UNIV. KINGSTON .ONTARIO, CDN M A R ~ T, AR G O L D ~ AS80C .MISSISSAUGA,ONTARIO, CDN Flowslidlng in sensitive soils.16F,6T,58R. CAN.GEOTECH. J .Vll,Nl, FEB .1974,PII-31. Published information on 41 docmmmted landslides was SUpplemented by air photo studies, field studies, and data from a variety of soils reports in order to compare the characteristics of flowslide terrain with more stable terrain that was equally well dissected by river valleys. ~he phenomenon of flowsliding was also considered from an analytical approach. The studies indicate that l a ~ . slides in sensitive soils can be generally classified as simple rotational slips, retrogressive rotational flowsliding or earthflows.
328 JACKBON, J0 FOOKES, PG The relationship of the estimated former burial depth of the lower Oxford Clay to some soil pro. perties, llF, 7T, £gR. Q.J. ENGNG GBOL .VT,N2,1974, P137-179. Detailed studies of engineering index properties, clay m~neralogy and their geological characteristics were carried out on samples from six principal sites. Former depths of burial of the Oxford Clay were approximately 5000ft in the Dorset area of England and over 100Oft in I/ncolnshire. It wSs concluded that the geologlcal condition of deposition for identical palaeontological zones of the clay were approximately similar and that the influences on engineering index, strength and low stress consolidation properties due to the different depths of burisl were sm~ll. Positions Of samples in the stratigrsphical column were significant to engineering properties. The ~fluences of orgar~ic content end local weathering phenomena on the engineering performance are noted and aspects of laboratory sin~Llation of deep burial are discussed.
329 BOULTON ,GS UNIV .NORWICH, GB The relation between the genesis of tills and their geotechnical properties. S y ~ s i u m . ~ i e s of papers. MIDLAND SOIL R~L"~.FOUND.~GNG.SOC.SYMP.ON ENGNG.BEHAVIOUR OF GLACIAL MAT. ,BIRMINGHAM, APBIL,1975. An extensive series of observations sre presented of the geotechnical properties of tills near to the margins of modern glaciers. These are rele~ed %0 three m ~ o r sets of processes; pre-depositional processes of erosion and trsnsport which determine their m~chanicsl composition; depositional processes which determine their initial structure, thickness, density and fabric; and postdeposltional processes b y which many pre.existir~ characteristics ~ be altered. Auth. 33o FOOI~S, PG GORDON, DL HIGGINBOTYOM, IE Glacial lendfor~, their deposits and engineering characteristics. S y ~ s i u m . Summaries of papers. MIDLAND SOIL ~CH.FOUND.E~GNG SOC.SYMP.ON ENGNG BEHAVIOUR OF GLACIAL MAT~IALS,BIRMINGHAM, APRIL,1975. The general glacial sequence laid down in Britain during the Quaternary era and the stratigraphy of the Pleistocene Ice Ages are outlined. British Pleistocene deposits are considered in three categories, lodgement tills, ablation tills and ice contact cohesionless deposits. The engineer ing chsracteristics of these mterials are su~nsrized and using simple models of the now altered glacial landforms their typical mode of occurence is illustrated. Case histories are used to show typical engineering charac. teristics. Suggestions are made as to the most appropriate and ecor~mical approach to site investigation of glacial areas using the landform models.
pore pressures in partially saturated consolidated soil is presented. 322 ICHIHARA,M MATSUZAWA, H Application of plane strain test to earth pressure. Conference.Session one.gF, 2T,4R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.0N SOIL F~H.FOUND.ENGNG. MOSCOW,V1 .i,1973, P185-190. Plane strain and triaxial compression tests were performed for dry sand. A correlation f o r ~ l a which converts the results under axial symmetric condition into the shearln~ strength under the plane strain condition was derived. Prinmipal stress ratio and angle of frictional resistance were determined for the specified strains which were measured during the plane strain c o ~ e s s i o n test. The static resultant force of the earth pressure, its point of application and the angle of wall friction as a displacing wall were also measured. 323 KULKARNI,RP Effect of structure on properties of marine clay. Conference. Session one. 8F,6R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG ~DSCOW,VI. I, 1973, P217-Z20. The influence on failure s t r e ~ h , creep strength and yield stress of the structure of nor~Eully consolidated and overconsolidated soil sables was studied. The structure of different soil sables was felt to be different either due to the fabric, or because of a dlfferemt salt content in the pore water. A unique relationship between water content and shear stress at creep condition exists independant of the postconsolldation structure and stress history of soil. 324 LEE, IK INGI-~,OG I~,RC Controlled deformation of a cemented soil and sand. Conference.Session one.SF,4R. PROC.EIGH~ INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FODI~D.ENGNG. MOSCOW,VI. I, 1973, P245-249. " The most significant results of an investigation of the stress-straln characteristics of replicate sets of a stabilized soil and sendstone are presented. Both unloadida, reloading and large strain ranges were investigated. The specimens were tested in uniaxial compression in an infinitely p r o g r s ~ l e stiff loadir~ frame developed by Ingles and Nell (1971). 325 LASHII~, AK Deformation characteristics of a silty clay under repeated loading. Conference.Session one. 7F,14R. PRoC.EIGH~ INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. MDSCOW,VI, i, 1973, P2B7-244. Repeated load tests have been performed on normally consolidated reconstituted s p e c i e s of a silty clay. The results indicate that the deformation under repeated loading follows a similar pattern to that observed in the trsr~sie~t phase of creep. This first phase ter~zhnates in an apparent change of state leading either to equilibrium or to failure. For the soil tested it is shown that the nmuxim02n deviator stress causing failure in repeated load tests is directly related to its undrained compressive s t r e n ~ and the consolidation pressure at a particular moisture content. 326 LACE~DA~WA HOUSTON,WN Stress relaxation in soils.Conference.Session one. 1OF, RT~ 13R . FROC.EIGh~fH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. ~DSCOW,VI. I, 1973, P221- 227. Results of new stress relaxation tests on an undisturbed soft nm0~ine clay, a remoulded ksolinite, a clean quartz,
and a co,acted clay are discussed and related to previous findings. The parameters describing the stress relaxation process were related to creep parameters as msy be determined from creep tests, and to plasticity index.
327
M I T C ~ T,RJ Q U E ~ S UNIV. KINGSTON .ONTARIO, CDN M A R ~ T, AR G O L D ~ AS80C .MISSISSAUGA,ONTARIO, CDN Flowslidlng in sensitive soils.16F,6T,58R. CAN.GEOTECH. J .Vll,Nl, FEB .1974,PII-31. Published information on 41 docmmmted landslides was SUpplemented by air photo studies, field studies, and data from a variety of soils reports in order to compare the characteristics of flowslide terrain with more stable terrain that was equally well dissected by river valleys. ~he phenomenon of flowsliding was also considered from an analytical approach. The studies indicate that l a ~ . slides in sensitive soils can be generally classified as simple rotational slips, retrogressive rotational flowsliding or earthflows.
328 JACKBON, J0 FOOKES, PG The relationship of the estimated former burial depth of the lower Oxford Clay to some soil pro. perties, llF, 7T, £gR. Q.J. ENGNG GBOL .VT,N2,1974, P137-179. Detailed studies of engineering index properties, clay m~neralogy and their geological characteristics were carried out on samples from six principal sites. Former depths of burial of the Oxford Clay were approximately 5000ft in the Dorset area of England and over 100Oft in I/ncolnshire. It wSs concluded that the geologlcal condition of deposition for identical palaeontological zones of the clay were approximately similar and that the influences on engineering index, strength and low stress consolidation properties due to the different depths of burisl were sm~ll. Positions Of samples in the stratigrsphical column were significant to engineering properties. The ~fluences of orgar~ic content end local weathering phenomena on the engineering performance are noted and aspects of laboratory sin~Llation of deep burial are discussed.
329 BOULTON ,GS UNIV .NORWICH, GB The relation between the genesis of tills and their geotechnical properties. S y ~ s i u m . ~ i e s of papers. MIDLAND SOIL R~L"~.FOUND.~GNG.SOC.SYMP.ON ENGNG.BEHAVIOUR OF GLACIAL MAT. ,BIRMINGHAM, APBIL,1975. An extensive series of observations sre presented of the geotechnical properties of tills near to the margins of modern glaciers. These are rele~ed %0 three m ~ o r sets of processes; pre-depositional processes of erosion and trsnsport which determine their m~chanicsl composition; depositional processes which determine their initial structure, thickness, density and fabric; and postdeposltional processes b y which many pre.existir~ characteristics ~ be altered. Auth. 33o FOOI~S, PG GORDON, DL HIGGINBOTYOM, IE Glacial lendfor~, their deposits and engineering characteristics. S y ~ s i u m . Summaries of papers. MIDLAND SOIL ~CH.FOUND.E~GNG SOC.SYMP.ON ENGNG BEHAVIOUR OF GLACIAL MAT~IALS,BIRMINGHAM, APRIL,1975. The general glacial sequence laid down in Britain during the Quaternary era and the stratigraphy of the Pleistocene Ice Ages are outlined. British Pleistocene deposits are considered in three categories, lodgement tills, ablation tills and ice contact cohesionless deposits. The engineer ing chsracteristics of these mterials are su~nsrized and using simple models of the now altered glacial landforms their typical mode of occurence is illustrated. Case histories are used to show typical engineering charac. teristics. Suggestions are made as to the most appropriate and ecor~mical approach to site investigation of glacial areas using the landform models.