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DISEASED MEAT.
1007 found pleasant reading. The memoir has given us much pleasure, and we can recommend it as an interesting record of a distinguished member of our profession, and the perusal of it as an agreeable relaxation from more serious work.
goods soaked repeatedly for hours in a solution strong to destroy infection, which yet, after washing, were entirely uninjured. It must, moreover, be remembered that sulphurous acid is commonly used as a bleaching agent.
cotton
enough
PURE CONDENSED COW’S MILK (THE SWISS MILK COMPANY, 84, BASINGHALL-STREET.)
(EDELWEISS).
Analytical Records. . [WE think it right to direct attention to the system we adopt in the conduct of this department. Of the numerous articles of food and medicine submitted to
select such important profession and the us of these are in the ordinary bought by public. Samples and the results of our examinations reported.] way,
as we
think
us we
to the medical
This preparation, which keeps well in the bottles in which it is sold, is, we find, genuine condensed milk, unsweetened and untreated with antiseptics. When mixed with twice its bulk of water it yields a milk fit for ordinary household purposes, not very rich, but rich enough to pass the tests of the public analyst. With an equal bulk of water a really rich milk is obtained, in which we found over 16 per cent. of total solids. In both cases the flavour is excellent. We consider the article useful and trustworthy.
AERATED WATERS.
CONDENSED CREAM EMULSION
(CREMOR
(CLAYTON BROS., RUTLAND-STREET, PIMLICO.) HORDEATDS LOEFLUNDI). We have analysed several of the aerated beverages made (LOEFLUND & Co., 148, FEXCHURCH.STREET.) by Messrs. Clayton Bros., and also the water used in their Messrs. Loeflund’s well-known Hordeum Malt Extract is manufacture. The water is the ordinary London supply, here emulsified with fresh cream. The result is a very purified by precipitation as well as by filtration. The pre- palatable and easily digestible food, which may be compared cipitation is an important additional security for the purity with the cod-liver oil and malt extract which has come so of the water, for it is well known that a precipitate in falling much into favour of late. The chief constituents of malt carries down with it suspended organic matter, the most extract are, of course, maltose and dextrin, and these soluble dangerous contamination of drinking-water. With regard and easily digestible compounds seem to render the assimilato the soda-water, potash-water, and lithia-water, all that tion of oils and fats more easy. The diastasic, or starch-conneed be said is that each was proved on analysis to contain, power of this particular preparation is, however, low. verting, approximately, the proper quantity of the salt indicated by its name. The Brighton seltzer-water contained the car- CEYLON TEA : PURE CEYLON TEA GROWN BY THE CEYLON COFFEE COMPANY. bonates of lime, magnesia, and soda, chloride of sodium, &c., (H. HEWETSON & CO., 59, MARK-LANE.) and the sample analysed was practically identical in composition with natural seltzer-water from the spring. Of course Genuine young tea, of the kind which attained such it is a mild saline alterative. The evaporated residue was popularity in the Ceylon stall at the late Health Exhibition. hardly coloured by ignition, showing the absence of organic The leaf is unfaced, as is shown by the fact that we found matter. Messrs. Clayton’s ginger ale is an excellent substi. in it only 5’24 per cent. of ash, which agrees with that found tute for alcoholic beverages, and will be useful to many who in the best Assam. China has a formidable rival in Ceylon. from choice or necessity abstain from beer, for it is not too sweet and is free from the rough taste of crude ginger, which DISEASED MEAT. shows that the resin of the root has been successfully removed.
TUSON’S DISINFECTANTS, LIQUID
PROFESSOR
AND SOLID. MANUFACTURERS: A. BOAKE & CO., STRATFORD. AGE:fTT5 : Russ BROS.
CO., JEWRY-STREET, LONDON.) are distinct novelties in sanitation, the liquid appears to be essentially a solution of chloride of zinc saturated with sulphurous acid, and the solid a mixture of the sulphates of zinc and alumina and the sulphite of lime. Every chemist knows that sulphate of alumina and sulphite of lime decompose one another in the presence of water, with formation of sulphate of lime, alumina, and free sulphurous acid. Sulphurous acid is the oldest and best known, and certainly one of the most trustworthy of disinfectants, and the soluble salts of zinc are also of great and universally admitted value. Professor Tuson’s union of the two combines, very happily, the advantages of both. Both, as antiseptics, are deadly to organisms of all kinds, and they possess the power, which carbolic acid is deficient in, of destroying the noxious products of putrefaction and the offensive odours emitted from animal excreta. When they are used jointly, as in these preparations, foul odours vanish as if by magic, and no disagreeable chemical smell remains to take their place. We have submitted these disinfectants to the test, not only of analysis, but ff practical use. The solid is applied by a dredger, and when a little is sprinkled over a night-stool all smell is gone in a minute. The liquid, like other liquid disinfectants, must be diluted according to the directions on the label. When suitably diluted it has but little smell and no injurious action on textile fabrics. This last fact is noteworthy. The first idea of the chemist would be that the sulphurous acid, absorbing oxygen from the air, would form sulphuric acid, which would damage articles of dress and the like. But we can testify that no such damage takes place, possibly on account of the great dilution of the solution. We have seen woollen and &
Of these
disinfectants, which
l’0 0 C/M IiCG2L0’
oi
THE !.lANCET.
SiR,—With regard to your article on "Diseased Meat" in this week’s LANCET, in reference to a case brought before the Tiverton magistrates, in which the question was raised to the fitness for food of the carcass of a cow which had suffered from " milk fever," will you allow me to state that this term is wrongfully used to designate two very different diseases. These are " puerperal eclampsia" or, better, " "puerperal apoplexy,"and "puerperal" or "septic fever." Many mistakes have occurred through this confusion, and especially that with regard to the utilisation of the flesh of cows which have suffered from these diseases; and in my work on Veterinary Obstetrics I have laid particular stress on their distinctive features. In puerperal apoplexy, which was, I presume, from the symptoms enumerated, the malady from which the cow in question suffered, there is no "fever;" the attack is sudden, with all the symptoms of apoplexy; a fatal and prompt termination is, in the majority of cases, inevitable, notwithstanding the most active remedial measures. Provided the animal has not been drugged with injurious or unpleasant-smelling medicines, the flesh is innocuous, and therefore need not be condemned as
In puerperal fever, on the conhigh degree of fever and the flesh is dangerous, inasmuch as the animal was suffering from septicxmia. The use of such flesh should undoubtedly be prohibited, though, I fear, it sometimes reaches the butcher’ss stall. The term "milk fever," a condition which is not often seen in animals, is not applicable to any of these morbid states. There should not be much difficulty in deciding whether an animal has died from puerperal apoplexy or puerperal fever on examination of its carcass.
as
unfit for
consumption.
trary, there is
The
a
which you have commented was, in all likelithe first-named disease, and the decision arrived at by the magistrates wasjustifiable. The flesh of a cow which, after the birth of a calf, had been killed because of this apoplectic state is not unwholesome.-Yours truly. case upon one of
hood,
Nav. 9tb.18S4-
GEORGE FLEMING, LL.D., Principal Veterinary Surgeon to the Army.
goods soaked repeatedly for hours in a solution strong to destroy infection, which yet, after washing, were entirely uninjured. It must, moreover, be remembered that sulphurous acid is commonly used as a bleaching agent.
cotton
enough
PURE CONDENSED COW’S MILK (THE SWISS MILK COMPANY, 84, BASINGHALL-STREET.)
(EDELWEISS).
Analytical Records. . [WE think it right to direct attention to the system we adopt in the conduct of this department. Of the numerous articles of food and medicine submitted to
select such important profession and the us of these are in the ordinary bought by public. Samples and the results of our examinations reported.] way,
as we
think
us we
to the medical
This preparation, which keeps well in the bottles in which it is sold, is, we find, genuine condensed milk, unsweetened and untreated with antiseptics. When mixed with twice its bulk of water it yields a milk fit for ordinary household purposes, not very rich, but rich enough to pass the tests of the public analyst. With an equal bulk of water a really rich milk is obtained, in which we found over 16 per cent. of total solids. In both cases the flavour is excellent. We consider the article useful and trustworthy.
AERATED WATERS.
CONDENSED CREAM EMULSION
(CREMOR
(CLAYTON BROS., RUTLAND-STREET, PIMLICO.) HORDEATDS LOEFLUNDI). We have analysed several of the aerated beverages made (LOEFLUND & Co., 148, FEXCHURCH.STREET.) by Messrs. Clayton Bros., and also the water used in their Messrs. Loeflund’s well-known Hordeum Malt Extract is manufacture. The water is the ordinary London supply, here emulsified with fresh cream. The result is a very purified by precipitation as well as by filtration. The pre- palatable and easily digestible food, which may be compared cipitation is an important additional security for the purity with the cod-liver oil and malt extract which has come so of the water, for it is well known that a precipitate in falling much into favour of late. The chief constituents of malt carries down with it suspended organic matter, the most extract are, of course, maltose and dextrin, and these soluble dangerous contamination of drinking-water. With regard and easily digestible compounds seem to render the assimilato the soda-water, potash-water, and lithia-water, all that tion of oils and fats more easy. The diastasic, or starch-conneed be said is that each was proved on analysis to contain, power of this particular preparation is, however, low. verting, approximately, the proper quantity of the salt indicated by its name. The Brighton seltzer-water contained the car- CEYLON TEA : PURE CEYLON TEA GROWN BY THE CEYLON COFFEE COMPANY. bonates of lime, magnesia, and soda, chloride of sodium, &c., (H. HEWETSON & CO., 59, MARK-LANE.) and the sample analysed was practically identical in composition with natural seltzer-water from the spring. Of course Genuine young tea, of the kind which attained such it is a mild saline alterative. The evaporated residue was popularity in the Ceylon stall at the late Health Exhibition. hardly coloured by ignition, showing the absence of organic The leaf is unfaced, as is shown by the fact that we found matter. Messrs. Clayton’s ginger ale is an excellent substi. in it only 5’24 per cent. of ash, which agrees with that found tute for alcoholic beverages, and will be useful to many who in the best Assam. China has a formidable rival in Ceylon. from choice or necessity abstain from beer, for it is not too sweet and is free from the rough taste of crude ginger, which DISEASED MEAT. shows that the resin of the root has been successfully removed.
TUSON’S DISINFECTANTS, LIQUID
PROFESSOR
AND SOLID. MANUFACTURERS: A. BOAKE & CO., STRATFORD. AGE:fTT5 : Russ BROS.
CO., JEWRY-STREET, LONDON.) are distinct novelties in sanitation, the liquid appears to be essentially a solution of chloride of zinc saturated with sulphurous acid, and the solid a mixture of the sulphates of zinc and alumina and the sulphite of lime. Every chemist knows that sulphate of alumina and sulphite of lime decompose one another in the presence of water, with formation of sulphate of lime, alumina, and free sulphurous acid. Sulphurous acid is the oldest and best known, and certainly one of the most trustworthy of disinfectants, and the soluble salts of zinc are also of great and universally admitted value. Professor Tuson’s union of the two combines, very happily, the advantages of both. Both, as antiseptics, are deadly to organisms of all kinds, and they possess the power, which carbolic acid is deficient in, of destroying the noxious products of putrefaction and the offensive odours emitted from animal excreta. When they are used jointly, as in these preparations, foul odours vanish as if by magic, and no disagreeable chemical smell remains to take their place. We have submitted these disinfectants to the test, not only of analysis, but ff practical use. The solid is applied by a dredger, and when a little is sprinkled over a night-stool all smell is gone in a minute. The liquid, like other liquid disinfectants, must be diluted according to the directions on the label. When suitably diluted it has but little smell and no injurious action on textile fabrics. This last fact is noteworthy. The first idea of the chemist would be that the sulphurous acid, absorbing oxygen from the air, would form sulphuric acid, which would damage articles of dress and the like. But we can testify that no such damage takes place, possibly on account of the great dilution of the solution. We have seen woollen and &
Of these
disinfectants, which
l’0 0 C/M IiCG2L0’
oi
THE !.lANCET.
SiR,—With regard to your article on "Diseased Meat" in this week’s LANCET, in reference to a case brought before the Tiverton magistrates, in which the question was raised to the fitness for food of the carcass of a cow which had suffered from " milk fever," will you allow me to state that this term is wrongfully used to designate two very different diseases. These are " puerperal eclampsia" or, better, " "puerperal apoplexy,"and "puerperal" or "septic fever." Many mistakes have occurred through this confusion, and especially that with regard to the utilisation of the flesh of cows which have suffered from these diseases; and in my work on Veterinary Obstetrics I have laid particular stress on their distinctive features. In puerperal apoplexy, which was, I presume, from the symptoms enumerated, the malady from which the cow in question suffered, there is no "fever;" the attack is sudden, with all the symptoms of apoplexy; a fatal and prompt termination is, in the majority of cases, inevitable, notwithstanding the most active remedial measures. Provided the animal has not been drugged with injurious or unpleasant-smelling medicines, the flesh is innocuous, and therefore need not be condemned as
In puerperal fever, on the conhigh degree of fever and the flesh is dangerous, inasmuch as the animal was suffering from septicxmia. The use of such flesh should undoubtedly be prohibited, though, I fear, it sometimes reaches the butcher’ss stall. The term "milk fever," a condition which is not often seen in animals, is not applicable to any of these morbid states. There should not be much difficulty in deciding whether an animal has died from puerperal apoplexy or puerperal fever on examination of its carcass.
as
unfit for
consumption.
trary, there is
The
a
which you have commented was, in all likelithe first-named disease, and the decision arrived at by the magistrates wasjustifiable. The flesh of a cow which, after the birth of a calf, had been killed because of this apoplectic state is not unwholesome.-Yours truly. case upon one of
hood,
Nav. 9tb.18S4-
GEORGE FLEMING, LL.D., Principal Veterinary Surgeon to the Army.