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Distribution of paths of boron and phosphorus ions in amorphous germanium
Classified abstracts 73-84 trated parameters are presented for the temperature range of 4.21.8°K. Temperature of the superconducting circuit was varied by pumping helium vapour from the cryostat. Accuracy of temperature setting was 0.005°K and was provided by a manostat maintaining the vapour pressure in the cryostat with accuracy of ± 1 torr. L L Ananev et al, Zh Tekh Fiz, 42 (1), Jan 1972, 222-224 (in Russian). 33 73. Photoelectron spectrometer. (USSR) An equipment for measurement of energy spectra of electrons emitted at photo-ionization of free atoms and molecules by resonance line radiation of inert gases is described. The method of retarding electric field in coaxial cylindrical capacitor is used for energy analysis of electrons. The photoelectron spectrometer consists of the source of monochromatic photons, the system of differential pumping and the photo-ionization cell providing angular selection of photoelectrons and their analysis with the aid of retarding field. The dc current discharge in atmosphere of different inert gases at pressure of 0.2~).5 tort is used as the source of monochromatic ionizing radiation. The differential pumping is performed by a mercury diffusion pump through narrow tubes so that the pressure of 0.2-0.5 tort is maintained in the lamp, 5 × 10 -5 torr in the pumping chamber and 5 to 7 × 10-2 torr in the photo-ionization cell. The energy spectrum of ions and electrons at 02 photo-ionization by helium resonance line at 584 ~ is presented. F I Vilesov and S N Lopatin, Zh Tekh Fiz, 42 (1), Jan 1972, 176-179
(in Russian). 33 74. Investigation of the ion-optical system of an ion source with distriboted ionization region. (USSR) An ion-optical system based on thick electrodes of the collimating type in a mass spectrometer ion source is investigated. The regions of ion exit are found. Energy discrimination of ions produced in the source is studied. L N Gall and M S Stepanova, Zh Tekh Fiz, 42 (2), Feb 1972, 421-428
(in Russian). 33 75. Prism mass spectrometer with wedge-like poles. (USSR) Construction and results of examinations of a prism mass spectrometer with wedge-like poles are described. It is shown that increased dispersion is attained. V M Kelman and M L Uteev, Zh Tekh Fiz, 42 (2), Feb 1972, 292-296
(in Russian). 33 76. Distribution of paths of boron and phosphorus ions in amorphous germanium. (USSR) Distribution of paths of boron and phosphorus ions, with energies of 25-150 keV, in amorphous germanium is measured and calculated by Monte Carlo method. Good agreement of the experimental data with the calculated results is obtained for boron ions. V I Volodko, lzv VUZFiz, No 1, 1972, 43-49 (in Russian). 33 77. Angular and energy distribution of electrons inelastically reflected from solids. (USSR) The angular distribution of inelastically reflected electrons and their energy distribution in a narrow solid angle are investigated for Be and Pb films deposited by evaporation at 10 -7 torr in the range of 0.3-3 keV of primary electron energy and in the interval of incidence angle of 0-85 °. It is shown that inelastically reflected electrons are distributed approximately according to the cosine law for the cases of Be at perpendicular incidence independent of the primary energy and for Pb at small primary energies. This distribution is conditioned by the diffusion character of motion of electrons. With increase of incidence angle and primary energy the polar diagram of angular distribution is stretched approximately in the direction of mirroral reflection in the case of Be. Additionally for Pb, at all primary energies with rise of incidence angle a group of electrons appears which are scattered to large angles, probably due to collisions with atoms of Pb. I M Bronshteyn et al, Fiz Tverd Tela, 13 (11), 1971, 3359-3365 (in
Russian). 33 78. Dissociative excitation of vacuum ultraviolet emission features by electron impact on molecular gases--III. CO2. (USA) Vacuum UV multiplets of CI, CII and OI were produced using an
electrostatically focused electron beam with energies from ~ 5 to 350 eV. The apparatus is described in some detail. The multiplets are identified and cross sections are given. M J Mumma et al, J Chem Phys, 57 (1), lstJuly 1972, 68-75. 36. DRYING, DEGASS1NG AND CONCENTRATION 36 79. Silane treatment of solid carriers in vacuum. (USSR) The vacuum method of de-activation of solid carriers used in gaseous chromatography is described. Adsorption ability of solid carriers is suppressed by treatment in C3H72SiCl2 vapour. A F Shlyakbov and A G Latukhova, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (2), 1972, 160,
(in Russian). 37. METALLURGY, INORGANIC TICAL CHEMISTRY
CHEMISTRY,
ANALY-
37 80. Determination of oxygen in chromium bronze by tile method of vacuum melting. (USSR) The method of determination of oxygen content in chromium bronze containing up to 0.8 per cent of chromium and in copper with additions of aluminium and silicon is developed. The method of vacuum melting in the Exhalograph EA-1 is used. The conditions of analysis are: copper-nickel bath (1 : 1), temperature 1550°C and the extraction time 3-5 min. Sensitivity of the determination is 2 × 10- a weight per cent of oxygen. The range of examined concentrations is 2 × l0 -4 to 8 × 10 -2 weight per cent. The results are in agreement with the experimental data obtained with the aid of the C911 apparatus with induction heating of crucible. V P Romanova et al, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (2), 1972, 148-150 (in Russian). 37 81. The methods of determination of the cyclic Baushinger effect. (USSR) The cyclic Baushinger effect occurring on multiple alternate stretching and compression of metals is investigated using precise measurements of changes of temperature and electrical resistance of samples in vacuum at 1 × 10 -2 torr. A N Romanov and M M Gadenin, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (1), 1972, 99-102
(in Russian). 37 82. Apparatus for investigation wear of materials in liquid and gasvapour ambients of alkali metals at temperatures up to 700°C. (USSR) An apparatus for determination of antifriction characteristics of various pairs of materials in liquid and gas-vapour ambient of alkali metals at temperatures up to 700°C is described. The apparatus is evacuated to 10 -2 torr by a mechanical pump. A F Tuznikov et al, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (2), 1972, 244-245 (in Russian). 37 83. Preparation and morphology of thread-like crystals of ~-SiC (USSR) Growth of thread-like crystals of fI-SiC from mixture of Si and C at temperatures in the range 1300 to 1600°C is ,_'nvestigated in a flowing system with radiation heating. Influence of the hydrogen and argon flow rates, moisture, and temperature gradient on growth of crystals is studied. Structure of crystals was investigated with the aid of gold decoration. S A Ammer et al, Fiz Tverd Tela, 13 (I 2), 1971,3603-3607 (in Russian).
IV. M a t e r i a l s and techniques used in vacuum technology 40. GASES AND VAPOURS 40 84. Gas-mixing apparatus with loaded piston indication of the ratio of pressures of starting components. (USSR) A gas-mixing apparatus with loaded piston indication of the ratio of pressures of starting components for the preparation of gaseous mixtures, for calibration of gas analysers, is described. The apparatus enables one to prepare binary gaseous mixtures of predetermined composition in a broad range of concentrations. A G Yafaev, Izmerit Tekh, No 1, 1972, 71-72 (in Russian). 37
(in Russian). 33 74. Investigation of the ion-optical system of an ion source with distriboted ionization region. (USSR) An ion-optical system based on thick electrodes of the collimating type in a mass spectrometer ion source is investigated. The regions of ion exit are found. Energy discrimination of ions produced in the source is studied. L N Gall and M S Stepanova, Zh Tekh Fiz, 42 (2), Feb 1972, 421-428
(in Russian). 33 75. Prism mass spectrometer with wedge-like poles. (USSR) Construction and results of examinations of a prism mass spectrometer with wedge-like poles are described. It is shown that increased dispersion is attained. V M Kelman and M L Uteev, Zh Tekh Fiz, 42 (2), Feb 1972, 292-296
(in Russian). 33 76. Distribution of paths of boron and phosphorus ions in amorphous germanium. (USSR) Distribution of paths of boron and phosphorus ions, with energies of 25-150 keV, in amorphous germanium is measured and calculated by Monte Carlo method. Good agreement of the experimental data with the calculated results is obtained for boron ions. V I Volodko, lzv VUZFiz, No 1, 1972, 43-49 (in Russian). 33 77. Angular and energy distribution of electrons inelastically reflected from solids. (USSR) The angular distribution of inelastically reflected electrons and their energy distribution in a narrow solid angle are investigated for Be and Pb films deposited by evaporation at 10 -7 torr in the range of 0.3-3 keV of primary electron energy and in the interval of incidence angle of 0-85 °. It is shown that inelastically reflected electrons are distributed approximately according to the cosine law for the cases of Be at perpendicular incidence independent of the primary energy and for Pb at small primary energies. This distribution is conditioned by the diffusion character of motion of electrons. With increase of incidence angle and primary energy the polar diagram of angular distribution is stretched approximately in the direction of mirroral reflection in the case of Be. Additionally for Pb, at all primary energies with rise of incidence angle a group of electrons appears which are scattered to large angles, probably due to collisions with atoms of Pb. I M Bronshteyn et al, Fiz Tverd Tela, 13 (11), 1971, 3359-3365 (in
Russian). 33 78. Dissociative excitation of vacuum ultraviolet emission features by electron impact on molecular gases--III. CO2. (USA) Vacuum UV multiplets of CI, CII and OI were produced using an
electrostatically focused electron beam with energies from ~ 5 to 350 eV. The apparatus is described in some detail. The multiplets are identified and cross sections are given. M J Mumma et al, J Chem Phys, 57 (1), lstJuly 1972, 68-75. 36. DRYING, DEGASS1NG AND CONCENTRATION 36 79. Silane treatment of solid carriers in vacuum. (USSR) The vacuum method of de-activation of solid carriers used in gaseous chromatography is described. Adsorption ability of solid carriers is suppressed by treatment in C3H72SiCl2 vapour. A F Shlyakbov and A G Latukhova, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (2), 1972, 160,
(in Russian). 37. METALLURGY, INORGANIC TICAL CHEMISTRY
CHEMISTRY,
ANALY-
37 80. Determination of oxygen in chromium bronze by tile method of vacuum melting. (USSR) The method of determination of oxygen content in chromium bronze containing up to 0.8 per cent of chromium and in copper with additions of aluminium and silicon is developed. The method of vacuum melting in the Exhalograph EA-1 is used. The conditions of analysis are: copper-nickel bath (1 : 1), temperature 1550°C and the extraction time 3-5 min. Sensitivity of the determination is 2 × 10- a weight per cent of oxygen. The range of examined concentrations is 2 × l0 -4 to 8 × 10 -2 weight per cent. The results are in agreement with the experimental data obtained with the aid of the C911 apparatus with induction heating of crucible. V P Romanova et al, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (2), 1972, 148-150 (in Russian). 37 81. The methods of determination of the cyclic Baushinger effect. (USSR) The cyclic Baushinger effect occurring on multiple alternate stretching and compression of metals is investigated using precise measurements of changes of temperature and electrical resistance of samples in vacuum at 1 × 10 -2 torr. A N Romanov and M M Gadenin, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (1), 1972, 99-102
(in Russian). 37 82. Apparatus for investigation wear of materials in liquid and gasvapour ambients of alkali metals at temperatures up to 700°C. (USSR) An apparatus for determination of antifriction characteristics of various pairs of materials in liquid and gas-vapour ambient of alkali metals at temperatures up to 700°C is described. The apparatus is evacuated to 10 -2 torr by a mechanical pump. A F Tuznikov et al, Zavodsk Lab, 38 (2), 1972, 244-245 (in Russian). 37 83. Preparation and morphology of thread-like crystals of ~-SiC (USSR) Growth of thread-like crystals of fI-SiC from mixture of Si and C at temperatures in the range 1300 to 1600°C is ,_'nvestigated in a flowing system with radiation heating. Influence of the hydrogen and argon flow rates, moisture, and temperature gradient on growth of crystals is studied. Structure of crystals was investigated with the aid of gold decoration. S A Ammer et al, Fiz Tverd Tela, 13 (I 2), 1971,3603-3607 (in Russian).
IV. M a t e r i a l s and techniques used in vacuum technology 40. GASES AND VAPOURS 40 84. Gas-mixing apparatus with loaded piston indication of the ratio of pressures of starting components. (USSR) A gas-mixing apparatus with loaded piston indication of the ratio of pressures of starting components for the preparation of gaseous mixtures, for calibration of gas analysers, is described. The apparatus enables one to prepare binary gaseous mixtures of predetermined composition in a broad range of concentrations. A G Yafaev, Izmerit Tekh, No 1, 1972, 71-72 (in Russian). 37