- Email: [email protected]
Erectile Dysfunction Caused by Venous Leakage: Treatment with Detachable Balloons and Coils
1324
ANDROLOGY
To evaluate the mechanism of active erection 69 patients also received intracavernous injections of papaverine. Venous leakage was found in 88 patients. In these patients a higher than normal rate of flow of diluted, heparinized contrast medium was required to initiate and to maintain an erection. Opacification of the prostatic plexus also occurred during erection. In all patients who received papaverine the flow rates required to initiate and to maintain an erection decreased. The authors conclude that cavernosography and cavernosometry are essential in the diagnostic evaluation of impotence, and that papaverine may be helpful to elucidate the active mechanism of erection. G. P. M. 4 figures, 29 references
Erectile Dysfunction Caused by Venous Leakage: Treatment With Detachable Balloons and Coils P. COURTHEOUX, D. MAIZA, J.-P. HENRIET, C. D. VAISLIC, C. EVRARD AND J.THERON, Departments of Radiology and Car-
diovascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Regional et Universitaire de Caen, Cote de Nacre, Caen, France Radiology, 161: 807-809 (Dec.) 1986 Impotence can be caused by leakage of venous blood from the penis during erection. Of 135 patients studied with erectile dysfunction 40 had venous leakage and they were classified into 3 groups according to findings on cavernosograms. Of the patients 31 were treated with implantation of balloons and coils, and 26 currently have normal sexual function. This technique is simple, safe and effective for the treatment of impotence caused by venous leakage. G. P. M. 7 figures, 22 references
Torsion of the Spermatic Cord-A Long Term Study of the Contralateral Testis J.
A. P. SINHA HIKIM AND J. JHUNJHUNWALA, Departments of Physiology and Surgery (Urology), Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio
Urol. Res., 14: 229-240 (Nov.) 1986 The epididymis is a highly convoluted duct 3 to 4 m. long in man that transports spermatozoa from the ductuli efferentes of the testis to the vas deferens. It generally is divided into the caput epididymis (head), corpus epididymis (body) and cauda epididymis (tail). Spermatozoa in the testis are functionally immature. Sperm motility is minimal or the sperm are nonmotile when they are in the testis and proximal epididymis. Contractions of the tunica albuginea appear to have an important role in the transport of sperm out of the testis. The basic functions of the epididymis are as a sperm reservoir, disposal of old and superfluous sperm and site of spermatozoa! maturation, and it is responsible for the composition of the fluid surrounding epididymal spermatozoa. The changes that occur in the spermatozoa as they migrate through the epididymis are increased motility and fertility potential. Fertilizing ability is acquired in the distal half of the epididymis and prostaglandins may have a functional role in spermatozoa! maturation in addition to sperm transport. Studies currently are underway on the development of a male contraceptive through changes in epididymal function. F. T. A. 2 figures, 172 references
Effect of Age, Castration, and Testosterone Replacement on the Development and Restoration of Canine Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia S.
J. BERRY, D. S. COFFEY, J. D. STRANDBERG AND L. L. EWING, Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Population Dynamics, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, and Department of Urology and Division of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Prostate, 9: 295-302, 1986
CHAKRABORTY,
Urol. Res., 14: 257-260 (Nov.) 1986 The authors studied the long-term effects of unilateral torsion of the spermatic cord on the contralateral testis. The 18 guinea pigs studied were divided into 3 equal groups: group 1unilateral torsion of the spermatic cords was maintained until sacrifice, group 2-torsion of the spermatic cords was maintained for 8 to 12 hours and then the cords were untwisted, and group 3-controls. All animals were sacrificed after 16 months. The results showed that 19.5 per cent of the seminiferous tubules were damaged in the contralateral testis in group 2, compared to only 10.6 per cent in group 1. The control group showed 3.1 per cent tubular damage. The tubular damage in the contralateral testis of groups 1 and 2 was permanent and irreversible 16 months after torsion of the spermatic cord. F. T.A. 6 figures, 1 table, 9 references
Review Article: Structure and Function of the Epididymis
A T. K. COCKETT, Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
M. J. COSENTINO AND
A multiple linear regression analysis of 82 biological variables has shown that the increase in prostatic weight associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia in beagles is correlated significantly with age and the testicular capacity to secrete testosterone in vitro. An experiment was designed to compare the effect of castration and $_@sequent replacement of the 24,hour testosterone production rate (testosterone-filled silicone implants) on the histological status and weight of the prostate in young adult and old beagles. Prostatic weights were determined each month for 12 months via a noninvasive 2-dimensional x-ray technique. Prostatic weight in young adult and old beagles diminished to a nadir by 5 months after castration. Treatment with a physiological dose of testosterone for 7 months beginning 5 months after castration allowed benign prostatic hyperplasia to develop in young beagles and restored benign prostatic hyperplasia in old beagles. However, restored prostatic weight and histopathological characteristics of prostates in castrated, old, testosterone-treated dogs were not identical with agematched controls because more central atrophy was present in the castrated, testosterone-treated old dogs. These results suggest that testosterone acts permissively to allow benign prostatic hyperplasia to develop in the aging beagle. Some other testicular product may be required for the continued growth of benign prostatic hyperplasia in aged beagles. M. G. F. 1 figure, 1 table, 18 references
ANDROLOGY
To evaluate the mechanism of active erection 69 patients also received intracavernous injections of papaverine. Venous leakage was found in 88 patients. In these patients a higher than normal rate of flow of diluted, heparinized contrast medium was required to initiate and to maintain an erection. Opacification of the prostatic plexus also occurred during erection. In all patients who received papaverine the flow rates required to initiate and to maintain an erection decreased. The authors conclude that cavernosography and cavernosometry are essential in the diagnostic evaluation of impotence, and that papaverine may be helpful to elucidate the active mechanism of erection. G. P. M. 4 figures, 29 references
Erectile Dysfunction Caused by Venous Leakage: Treatment With Detachable Balloons and Coils P. COURTHEOUX, D. MAIZA, J.-P. HENRIET, C. D. VAISLIC, C. EVRARD AND J.THERON, Departments of Radiology and Car-
diovascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Regional et Universitaire de Caen, Cote de Nacre, Caen, France Radiology, 161: 807-809 (Dec.) 1986 Impotence can be caused by leakage of venous blood from the penis during erection. Of 135 patients studied with erectile dysfunction 40 had venous leakage and they were classified into 3 groups according to findings on cavernosograms. Of the patients 31 were treated with implantation of balloons and coils, and 26 currently have normal sexual function. This technique is simple, safe and effective for the treatment of impotence caused by venous leakage. G. P. M. 7 figures, 22 references
Torsion of the Spermatic Cord-A Long Term Study of the Contralateral Testis J.
A. P. SINHA HIKIM AND J. JHUNJHUNWALA, Departments of Physiology and Surgery (Urology), Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio
Urol. Res., 14: 229-240 (Nov.) 1986 The epididymis is a highly convoluted duct 3 to 4 m. long in man that transports spermatozoa from the ductuli efferentes of the testis to the vas deferens. It generally is divided into the caput epididymis (head), corpus epididymis (body) and cauda epididymis (tail). Spermatozoa in the testis are functionally immature. Sperm motility is minimal or the sperm are nonmotile when they are in the testis and proximal epididymis. Contractions of the tunica albuginea appear to have an important role in the transport of sperm out of the testis. The basic functions of the epididymis are as a sperm reservoir, disposal of old and superfluous sperm and site of spermatozoa! maturation, and it is responsible for the composition of the fluid surrounding epididymal spermatozoa. The changes that occur in the spermatozoa as they migrate through the epididymis are increased motility and fertility potential. Fertilizing ability is acquired in the distal half of the epididymis and prostaglandins may have a functional role in spermatozoa! maturation in addition to sperm transport. Studies currently are underway on the development of a male contraceptive through changes in epididymal function. F. T. A. 2 figures, 172 references
Effect of Age, Castration, and Testosterone Replacement on the Development and Restoration of Canine Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia S.
J. BERRY, D. S. COFFEY, J. D. STRANDBERG AND L. L. EWING, Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Population Dynamics, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, and Department of Urology and Division of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Prostate, 9: 295-302, 1986
CHAKRABORTY,
Urol. Res., 14: 257-260 (Nov.) 1986 The authors studied the long-term effects of unilateral torsion of the spermatic cord on the contralateral testis. The 18 guinea pigs studied were divided into 3 equal groups: group 1unilateral torsion of the spermatic cords was maintained until sacrifice, group 2-torsion of the spermatic cords was maintained for 8 to 12 hours and then the cords were untwisted, and group 3-controls. All animals were sacrificed after 16 months. The results showed that 19.5 per cent of the seminiferous tubules were damaged in the contralateral testis in group 2, compared to only 10.6 per cent in group 1. The control group showed 3.1 per cent tubular damage. The tubular damage in the contralateral testis of groups 1 and 2 was permanent and irreversible 16 months after torsion of the spermatic cord. F. T.A. 6 figures, 1 table, 9 references
Review Article: Structure and Function of the Epididymis
A T. K. COCKETT, Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
M. J. COSENTINO AND
A multiple linear regression analysis of 82 biological variables has shown that the increase in prostatic weight associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia in beagles is correlated significantly with age and the testicular capacity to secrete testosterone in vitro. An experiment was designed to compare the effect of castration and $_@sequent replacement of the 24,hour testosterone production rate (testosterone-filled silicone implants) on the histological status and weight of the prostate in young adult and old beagles. Prostatic weights were determined each month for 12 months via a noninvasive 2-dimensional x-ray technique. Prostatic weight in young adult and old beagles diminished to a nadir by 5 months after castration. Treatment with a physiological dose of testosterone for 7 months beginning 5 months after castration allowed benign prostatic hyperplasia to develop in young beagles and restored benign prostatic hyperplasia in old beagles. However, restored prostatic weight and histopathological characteristics of prostates in castrated, old, testosterone-treated dogs were not identical with agematched controls because more central atrophy was present in the castrated, testosterone-treated old dogs. These results suggest that testosterone acts permissively to allow benign prostatic hyperplasia to develop in the aging beagle. Some other testicular product may be required for the continued growth of benign prostatic hyperplasia in aged beagles. M. G. F. 1 figure, 1 table, 18 references