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Evaluation of a brief cognitive screening tool in primary care setting
Abstracts / Journal of the Neurological Sciences 357 (2015) e120–e141
358 WFN15-0730 Dementia Factors contributing to improve the quality of life in dementia-free centenarians T. Iwasea, M. Yoshidab, Y. Hashizumec. aNeurology, Nagoya City Koseiin Medical Welfare Center, Nagoya, Japan; bNeuropathology Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan; c Institute for Neuropathology, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan Background: There are dementia-free centenarians despite the substantial presence of neuropathological evidence of dementia, suggesting the existence of cognitive reserve. Longevity is beneficial if it is accompanied by a high quality of life. Objective: The goal of this study was to identify factors that would improve the preservation of physical and cognitive function during old age. Material and methods: Centenarians were evaluated as cognitively intact with MMSE or Hasegawa dementia scale. Neuropathological changes related to Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, argyrophilic grain disease, senile dementia of the neurofibrillary tangle type and Binswanger's disease were observed in the autopsied brains from the dementia-free centenarians, indicating the brain reserve. The medical records of ten dementia-free centenarians were available for the analysis of vascular risk profile (i.e. hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia) and lifestyle aspects (i.e. smoking, alcohol, diet and physical activity). Results: Six dementia-free centenarians had hypertension and two had hypercholesterolemia. None had diabetes mellitus. They were slim (average body mass index of 19.2) and one usually eat until 80% full, a cultural habit "hara hachi bu" in Japan. Only one smoked and drank alcohol. Most remained active (i.e. sumo fan, karaoke singer). One usually read the Bible in English. However, the Activities of Daily Living capabilities were impaired by blindness, deafness and femoral neck fracture. Conclusion: Following a healthy life-style, "Hara hachi bu" and using two languages may increase brain reserve. Protecting eyes, ears, and legs are also important to improve the quality of life during oldest old age. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.414
359 WFN15-1335 Dementia Evaluation of a brief cognitive screening tool in primary care setting D. Jiméneza, M. Lavadosb, P. Rojasc, C. Henriquezb, M. Guillond, F. Silvae. aServicio de Neurología, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile; b Departamento de Ciencias Neurológicas Oriente, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; cPrograma Adultos, Centro de Salud Familiar Anibal Ariztía, Santiago, Chile; dUnidad de neuropsicología, Especialidades médicas L yS, Santiago, Chile; eDepartamento de Salud Pública y Epidemiología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile Background: Population-based screening has not been demonstrated to improve decision making in dementia. In the Chilean primary care centres, an abbreviated Mini-Mental State Examination of 19 points (MMSE-19) is annually applied by nurses to older people, but its accuracy has not been examined. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the utility of this tool to detect dementia. Methods: We obtained patient and Institutional Review Board approval. All people evaluated with MMSE-19 by a trained nurse within 6 months in a primary care centre were invited with an informant for a clinical evaluation by two neurologists blinded to
e129
MMSE-19 score, in order to establish the diagnostic of dementia using DSM-IV-TR criteria. Additionally, a complete Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-30) was applied. Results: 13 of the 54 people evaluated fulfilled diagnostic criteria for dementia. The sensitivity of MMSE-19 was 53,8% (95% CI; 25.1,80.8) and the specificity was 82,9% (95% CI; 67.9,92.8). In ROC curve analysis the area-under-curve (AUC) was 0,68 (95% CI; 0.53,0.83). MMSE-30 with a 24 cut-off had 84,6% sensitivity (95% CI; 54.6,98.1), 58,5% specificity (95% CI; 42.1,73.7) and the AUC was 0,71 (95% CI, 0.58,0.84). Socio-demographic variables did not influence our results and alternatives cut-off evaluated did not reach the accuracy of clinical evaluation. Conclusion: Our results are in agreement with the last evidence against the use of cognitive screening tools to detect dementia in elderly general population. Timely detection requires better strategies based on a speedy response to the first complaint of memory loss reported by patients or their families. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.415
360 WFN15-0310 Dementia Diagnostic challenges in primary progressive aphasia R. Jokel. Rotman Research Institute, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Canada Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a language-based dementia, in which a progressive language decline precedes more global cognitive deterioration. Recently proposed criteria (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011) outline language profiles and specify neuroimaging correlates for three variants of PPA (agrammatic, logopenic, and semantic); however, while some patients’ profiles reflect the consistency between language findings and neuroimaging, others do not. Frequently, patients with one variant PPA present with either (1) different imaging results but similar language profiles, or (2) very distinct language profiles, but similar neuroimaging findings. This often makes the ultimate diagnosis of a PPA variant subject to a judgment call, which has both clinical and theoretical implications. A careful assessment of congruence between language findings and neuroimaging results was undertaken through a review of over a 110 charts of patients with consensus diagnosis of either PPA or Alzheimer’s disease (due to its similarity to the logopenic variant PPA). Language profiles and results of neuroimaging were examined to (1) establish consistency between imaging and clinical profile in view of the new diagnostic criteria, and (2) determine whether any one of the PPA variants is more prone to incongruence between language and neuroimaging than others. The analysis helped delineate specific differences between the variants and to establish language features/tests that should be taken into account during the diagnostic process. Means of language scores were compared between groups using ANOVA to establish language tests that are of greatest diagnostic value. I have obtained Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval for this study. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.416
361 WFN15-0957 Dementia Clinical characteristics and frequency of dementia syndromes: comparisons in a memory clinic population F. Kalligerou, E. Ntanasi, K. Kondyli, P. Sakka. Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Department-Memory Clinic, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
358 WFN15-0730 Dementia Factors contributing to improve the quality of life in dementia-free centenarians T. Iwasea, M. Yoshidab, Y. Hashizumec. aNeurology, Nagoya City Koseiin Medical Welfare Center, Nagoya, Japan; bNeuropathology Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan; c Institute for Neuropathology, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan Background: There are dementia-free centenarians despite the substantial presence of neuropathological evidence of dementia, suggesting the existence of cognitive reserve. Longevity is beneficial if it is accompanied by a high quality of life. Objective: The goal of this study was to identify factors that would improve the preservation of physical and cognitive function during old age. Material and methods: Centenarians were evaluated as cognitively intact with MMSE or Hasegawa dementia scale. Neuropathological changes related to Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, argyrophilic grain disease, senile dementia of the neurofibrillary tangle type and Binswanger's disease were observed in the autopsied brains from the dementia-free centenarians, indicating the brain reserve. The medical records of ten dementia-free centenarians were available for the analysis of vascular risk profile (i.e. hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia) and lifestyle aspects (i.e. smoking, alcohol, diet and physical activity). Results: Six dementia-free centenarians had hypertension and two had hypercholesterolemia. None had diabetes mellitus. They were slim (average body mass index of 19.2) and one usually eat until 80% full, a cultural habit "hara hachi bu" in Japan. Only one smoked and drank alcohol. Most remained active (i.e. sumo fan, karaoke singer). One usually read the Bible in English. However, the Activities of Daily Living capabilities were impaired by blindness, deafness and femoral neck fracture. Conclusion: Following a healthy life-style, "Hara hachi bu" and using two languages may increase brain reserve. Protecting eyes, ears, and legs are also important to improve the quality of life during oldest old age. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.414
359 WFN15-1335 Dementia Evaluation of a brief cognitive screening tool in primary care setting D. Jiméneza, M. Lavadosb, P. Rojasc, C. Henriquezb, M. Guillond, F. Silvae. aServicio de Neurología, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile; b Departamento de Ciencias Neurológicas Oriente, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; cPrograma Adultos, Centro de Salud Familiar Anibal Ariztía, Santiago, Chile; dUnidad de neuropsicología, Especialidades médicas L yS, Santiago, Chile; eDepartamento de Salud Pública y Epidemiología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile Background: Population-based screening has not been demonstrated to improve decision making in dementia. In the Chilean primary care centres, an abbreviated Mini-Mental State Examination of 19 points (MMSE-19) is annually applied by nurses to older people, but its accuracy has not been examined. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the utility of this tool to detect dementia. Methods: We obtained patient and Institutional Review Board approval. All people evaluated with MMSE-19 by a trained nurse within 6 months in a primary care centre were invited with an informant for a clinical evaluation by two neurologists blinded to
e129
MMSE-19 score, in order to establish the diagnostic of dementia using DSM-IV-TR criteria. Additionally, a complete Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-30) was applied. Results: 13 of the 54 people evaluated fulfilled diagnostic criteria for dementia. The sensitivity of MMSE-19 was 53,8% (95% CI; 25.1,80.8) and the specificity was 82,9% (95% CI; 67.9,92.8). In ROC curve analysis the area-under-curve (AUC) was 0,68 (95% CI; 0.53,0.83). MMSE-30 with a 24 cut-off had 84,6% sensitivity (95% CI; 54.6,98.1), 58,5% specificity (95% CI; 42.1,73.7) and the AUC was 0,71 (95% CI, 0.58,0.84). Socio-demographic variables did not influence our results and alternatives cut-off evaluated did not reach the accuracy of clinical evaluation. Conclusion: Our results are in agreement with the last evidence against the use of cognitive screening tools to detect dementia in elderly general population. Timely detection requires better strategies based on a speedy response to the first complaint of memory loss reported by patients or their families. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.415
360 WFN15-0310 Dementia Diagnostic challenges in primary progressive aphasia R. Jokel. Rotman Research Institute, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Canada Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a language-based dementia, in which a progressive language decline precedes more global cognitive deterioration. Recently proposed criteria (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011) outline language profiles and specify neuroimaging correlates for three variants of PPA (agrammatic, logopenic, and semantic); however, while some patients’ profiles reflect the consistency between language findings and neuroimaging, others do not. Frequently, patients with one variant PPA present with either (1) different imaging results but similar language profiles, or (2) very distinct language profiles, but similar neuroimaging findings. This often makes the ultimate diagnosis of a PPA variant subject to a judgment call, which has both clinical and theoretical implications. A careful assessment of congruence between language findings and neuroimaging results was undertaken through a review of over a 110 charts of patients with consensus diagnosis of either PPA or Alzheimer’s disease (due to its similarity to the logopenic variant PPA). Language profiles and results of neuroimaging were examined to (1) establish consistency between imaging and clinical profile in view of the new diagnostic criteria, and (2) determine whether any one of the PPA variants is more prone to incongruence between language and neuroimaging than others. The analysis helped delineate specific differences between the variants and to establish language features/tests that should be taken into account during the diagnostic process. Means of language scores were compared between groups using ANOVA to establish language tests that are of greatest diagnostic value. I have obtained Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval for this study. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.416
361 WFN15-0957 Dementia Clinical characteristics and frequency of dementia syndromes: comparisons in a memory clinic population F. Kalligerou, E. Ntanasi, K. Kondyli, P. Sakka. Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Department-Memory Clinic, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece