- Email: [email protected]
Evaluation of Barley Cultivars for their Tolerance to Salinity under Field Conditions for Utilization to Saline Soils
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect Procedia Environmental Sciences 29 (2015) 270 – 271
Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Increased Uncertainty (AGRI 2015)
Evaluation of barley cultivars for their tolerance to salinity under field conditions for utilization to saline soils Christos Dordasa, Kico Dhimab, Ioannis Vasilakoglouc, Konstantinos Paschalidisb, , Ilias Iliasb, Nikitas Karagiannidisb, Thomas Gatsisb, Anastasia Giannakoulab, Georgia Tanoua, Vasiliki Skiadad * a
Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Greece b Technol & Educ Inst Thessaloniki, Dept Plant Prod, Thessaloniki 57400, Greece c Technol & Educ Inst Larissa, Dept Plant Prod, Larisa 41110, Greece d Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly
Abstract Soil salinity and water deficit are the most important abiotic factors affecting crop yield in many areas of the world and causing major reduction in crop yield. Therefore, it is important to find better breeding tools for the evaluation of germplasm under drought and salinity conditions which can contribute significantly to increasing crop yields in salt-affected areas. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereals with great adaptability because of the many genotypes and its tolerance to salinity. During the 2011/12 growing season 200 barley cultivars from different countries and also including new and older ones were evaluated under two levels of salinity (0 or 150 mM NaCl) and two levels of water (40% or 80% of soil water capacity) under controlled conditions. The evaluation took place using agronomic (grain yield, harvest index and yield components) and physiological characteristics (gas exchange parameters: (assimilation rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration leaf (ci)), chlorophyll meter readings, and chlorophyll fluorescence). Following 16 cultivars representing seven (7) tolerant, three (3) sensitive and six (6) moderately tolerant cultivars were grown under two soil salinity levels in the field for two growing seasons (2012/13 and 2013/14) in order to determine their tolerance under field conditions. A number of different characteristics were used to determine the level of tolerance (gas exchange parameters: (assimilation rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration leaf (ci)), chlorophyll meter readings, chlorophyll fluorescence, discrimination of C isotopes, grain yield, harvest index and yield components). In addition, carbon isotopes discrimination showed that tolerant cultivars had higher ' values compared with the sensitive cultivars to salinity. These data show that there is considerable genetic variation in barley cultivars that can be used to utilize saline soils.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +30 2310 998602; fax: +30 2310 998634. E-mail address: [email protected]
1878-0296 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of the Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Increased Uncertainty (AGRI 2015) doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.205
Christos Dordas et al. / Procedia Environmental Sciences 29 (2015) 270 – 271
Acknowledgements Work co-financed by EU (ERDF) and Greek funds through the program code ARCHIMIDES © Published by Elsevier B.V This © 2015 2015The TheAuthors. Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of the Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of the Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Increased Increased Uncertainty (AGRI 2015). Uncertainty (AGRI 2015) Keywords: salinity, water stress, oxidative stress, carbon isotopes.
References 1. Araus, J/9LOOHJDV'$SDULFLR1*DUFÕDGHO0RUDO/)(O+DQL65KDUUDEWL<)HUULR-3DQG5R\R&Environmental Factors Determining Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Yield in Durum Wheat under Mediterranean Conditions. Crop Sci. 43:170–180. 2. Matysik J., Alia, B. Bhalu and P. Mohanty 2002 Molecular mechanisms of quenching of reactive oxygen species by proline under stress in plants. Current Science, 82, 525-532. 3. Moschou PN, Paschalidis KA, Delis ID, Andriopoulou AH, Lagiotis GD, Yakoumakis DI, Roubelakis-Angelakis KA 2008. Spermidine Exodus and Oxidation in the Apoplast Induced by Abiotic Stress Is Responsible for H2O2 Signatures That Direct Tolerance Responses in Tobacco. Plant Cell 20: 1708–1724. 4. Tsanko S. Gechev, Frank Van Breusegem, Julie M. Stone, Iliya Denev, Christophe Laloi 2006 Reactive oxygen species as signals that modulate plant stress responses and programmed cell death. BioEssays 28, 1091 – 110.
271
ScienceDirect Procedia Environmental Sciences 29 (2015) 270 – 271
Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Increased Uncertainty (AGRI 2015)
Evaluation of barley cultivars for their tolerance to salinity under field conditions for utilization to saline soils Christos Dordasa, Kico Dhimab, Ioannis Vasilakoglouc, Konstantinos Paschalidisb, , Ilias Iliasb, Nikitas Karagiannidisb, Thomas Gatsisb, Anastasia Giannakoulab, Georgia Tanoua, Vasiliki Skiadad * a
Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Greece b Technol & Educ Inst Thessaloniki, Dept Plant Prod, Thessaloniki 57400, Greece c Technol & Educ Inst Larissa, Dept Plant Prod, Larisa 41110, Greece d Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly
Abstract Soil salinity and water deficit are the most important abiotic factors affecting crop yield in many areas of the world and causing major reduction in crop yield. Therefore, it is important to find better breeding tools for the evaluation of germplasm under drought and salinity conditions which can contribute significantly to increasing crop yields in salt-affected areas. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereals with great adaptability because of the many genotypes and its tolerance to salinity. During the 2011/12 growing season 200 barley cultivars from different countries and also including new and older ones were evaluated under two levels of salinity (0 or 150 mM NaCl) and two levels of water (40% or 80% of soil water capacity) under controlled conditions. The evaluation took place using agronomic (grain yield, harvest index and yield components) and physiological characteristics (gas exchange parameters: (assimilation rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration leaf (ci)), chlorophyll meter readings, and chlorophyll fluorescence). Following 16 cultivars representing seven (7) tolerant, three (3) sensitive and six (6) moderately tolerant cultivars were grown under two soil salinity levels in the field for two growing seasons (2012/13 and 2013/14) in order to determine their tolerance under field conditions. A number of different characteristics were used to determine the level of tolerance (gas exchange parameters: (assimilation rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration leaf (ci)), chlorophyll meter readings, chlorophyll fluorescence, discrimination of C isotopes, grain yield, harvest index and yield components). In addition, carbon isotopes discrimination showed that tolerant cultivars had higher ' values compared with the sensitive cultivars to salinity. These data show that there is considerable genetic variation in barley cultivars that can be used to utilize saline soils.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +30 2310 998602; fax: +30 2310 998634. E-mail address: [email protected]
1878-0296 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of the Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Increased Uncertainty (AGRI 2015) doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.205
Christos Dordas et al. / Procedia Environmental Sciences 29 (2015) 270 – 271
Acknowledgements Work co-financed by EU (ERDF) and Greek funds through the program code ARCHIMIDES © Published by Elsevier B.V This © 2015 2015The TheAuthors. Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of the Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of the Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Increased Increased Uncertainty (AGRI 2015). Uncertainty (AGRI 2015) Keywords: salinity, water stress, oxidative stress, carbon isotopes.
References 1. Araus, J/9LOOHJDV'$SDULFLR1*DUFÕDGHO0RUDO/)(O+DQL65KDUUDEWL<)HUULR-3DQG5R\R&Environmental Factors Determining Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Yield in Durum Wheat under Mediterranean Conditions. Crop Sci. 43:170–180. 2. Matysik J., Alia, B. Bhalu and P. Mohanty 2002 Molecular mechanisms of quenching of reactive oxygen species by proline under stress in plants. Current Science, 82, 525-532. 3. Moschou PN, Paschalidis KA, Delis ID, Andriopoulou AH, Lagiotis GD, Yakoumakis DI, Roubelakis-Angelakis KA 2008. Spermidine Exodus and Oxidation in the Apoplast Induced by Abiotic Stress Is Responsible for H2O2 Signatures That Direct Tolerance Responses in Tobacco. Plant Cell 20: 1708–1724. 4. Tsanko S. Gechev, Frank Van Breusegem, Julie M. Stone, Iliya Denev, Christophe Laloi 2006 Reactive oxygen species as signals that modulate plant stress responses and programmed cell death. BioEssays 28, 1091 – 110.
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