- Email: [email protected]
Experimental demonstration of inert gas cycle direct power generation system
Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics, and Thermodynamics 127
INVITED LECTURES Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics, and Thermodynamics in the Development of Large Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers D. G. Kr6ger
Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch, South Africa Air-cooled heat exchangers are increasingly found in a wide spectrum of applications. In view of the increased size and cost of these units in large plants and the competitive nature of the industry, improved and more sophisticated designs are essential to satisfy the needs of clients and society. The status of some recent experimental research and development in this field is reviewed and areas in which further work is required are identified. Notwithstanding the development of more powerful computers, in future experimental methods will also play a major role in the development of better air-cooled heat exchangers.
Experimental Thermal Hydraulic Studies for Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors: An Update and Review V. Venkat Raj
Reactor Safety Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay, Bombay India Pressurized heavy water reactors have a horizontal core configuration. The various complex thermal hydraulic phenomena pertaining to normal operation and abnormal and accident conditions of these reactors have been studied by many investigators. Studies related to the following phenomena are reviewed in this paper: fuel channel flow and pressure drop, dryout/critical heat flux, flow distribution in the calandria and thermosyphon cooling. In addition, studies related to accident conditions are summarized briefly.
Experimental Demonstration of Inert Gas Cycle Direct Power Generation System K. Yoshikawa S. Shioda
Study on Electrohydrodynamic Convection Toru Maekawa Masakazu Haga
Department of Mechanical Engineering Toyo University 2100 Nakanodai, Kujirai, Kawagoe Saitama, Japan Ichiro Tanasawa
Institute of Industrial Science University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) convection in a dielectric liquid that is subjected to a nonuniform dc electric field is analyzed both experimentally and theoretically. Velocity and temperature fields are visualized using liquid crystal capsules and laser light refraction. An EHD model, which agrees with experimental results, is proposed, and a computer simulation of EHD convection is carried out. Finally, the generation of space charge is discussed.
Pressure Probe Measurement of the Turbulent Stress Distribution in a Swirling Jet A. R. de L. Musgrove J. D. Hooper
CSIRO Division of Mineral and Process Engineering Menai, Australia An improved version of a four-hole directional pressure probe (a Cobra prove) is described in which the frequency response has been extended to 1.5 kHz, sufficient to include most of the turbulent energy spectrum. The procedure for calibrating the probe to Mach 0.5, where compressible flow effects become significant, is described. The probe can rapidly characterize a complex, highspeed, turbulent flowfield. This paper reports all components of the mean and turbulent velocities, along with the Reynolds stress downstream of a swirling free jet. Unlike other methods, the Cobra prove also measures mean and dynamic static pressure and is therefore capable of determining cross correlations between velocity and static pressure.
Measurement of Heat-Transfer Coefficient and Axial-Dispersion Coefficient Using Temperature Oscillations
Tokyo Institute of Technology Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
W. Roetzel X. Luo Y. Xuan
This paper reports recent experimental demonstration activities of a high-efficiency energy conversion method from high-temperature thermal energy to electricity by way of inert gas cycle direct (ICD) power generation. ICD can be used as a topping cycle for gas turbines because it utilizes the highest temperature range of combustion gas. In this paper, a natural gas firing thermal power generation system combining ICD and gas turbines is described whose thermal efficiency is estimated to be around 55% (HHV base). The present status of experimental research on ICD, conducted at Tokyo Institute of Technology, utilizing FUJI-1 blow-down facility are summarized focusing on the thermal fluid dynamical, and electrical performances of disk-type ICD generators. Finally, future directions for Research and development on ICD power generation are outlined.
Institute of Thermodynamics University of the FederalArmed Forces Hamburg Hamburg, Germany A periodic transient test technique based on the axial dispersion model is proposed for the determination of both heat-transfer coefficients and axial-dispersion coefficients in heat exchangers. The model uses a parameter called an axial dispersive Peclet number to modify the deviation of flow pattern from the ideal plug-flow. It takes both axial dispersion in the fluid and axial heat conduction in the wall into account and is solved analytically by means of complex Fourier transform. Experiments were conducted on a dented copper tube, and they showed that axial dispersion has a significant effect on the dynamic temperature response of a heat exchanger.
INVITED LECTURES Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics, and Thermodynamics in the Development of Large Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers D. G. Kr6ger
Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch, South Africa Air-cooled heat exchangers are increasingly found in a wide spectrum of applications. In view of the increased size and cost of these units in large plants and the competitive nature of the industry, improved and more sophisticated designs are essential to satisfy the needs of clients and society. The status of some recent experimental research and development in this field is reviewed and areas in which further work is required are identified. Notwithstanding the development of more powerful computers, in future experimental methods will also play a major role in the development of better air-cooled heat exchangers.
Experimental Thermal Hydraulic Studies for Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors: An Update and Review V. Venkat Raj
Reactor Safety Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay, Bombay India Pressurized heavy water reactors have a horizontal core configuration. The various complex thermal hydraulic phenomena pertaining to normal operation and abnormal and accident conditions of these reactors have been studied by many investigators. Studies related to the following phenomena are reviewed in this paper: fuel channel flow and pressure drop, dryout/critical heat flux, flow distribution in the calandria and thermosyphon cooling. In addition, studies related to accident conditions are summarized briefly.
Experimental Demonstration of Inert Gas Cycle Direct Power Generation System K. Yoshikawa S. Shioda
Study on Electrohydrodynamic Convection Toru Maekawa Masakazu Haga
Department of Mechanical Engineering Toyo University 2100 Nakanodai, Kujirai, Kawagoe Saitama, Japan Ichiro Tanasawa
Institute of Industrial Science University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) convection in a dielectric liquid that is subjected to a nonuniform dc electric field is analyzed both experimentally and theoretically. Velocity and temperature fields are visualized using liquid crystal capsules and laser light refraction. An EHD model, which agrees with experimental results, is proposed, and a computer simulation of EHD convection is carried out. Finally, the generation of space charge is discussed.
Pressure Probe Measurement of the Turbulent Stress Distribution in a Swirling Jet A. R. de L. Musgrove J. D. Hooper
CSIRO Division of Mineral and Process Engineering Menai, Australia An improved version of a four-hole directional pressure probe (a Cobra prove) is described in which the frequency response has been extended to 1.5 kHz, sufficient to include most of the turbulent energy spectrum. The procedure for calibrating the probe to Mach 0.5, where compressible flow effects become significant, is described. The probe can rapidly characterize a complex, highspeed, turbulent flowfield. This paper reports all components of the mean and turbulent velocities, along with the Reynolds stress downstream of a swirling free jet. Unlike other methods, the Cobra prove also measures mean and dynamic static pressure and is therefore capable of determining cross correlations between velocity and static pressure.
Measurement of Heat-Transfer Coefficient and Axial-Dispersion Coefficient Using Temperature Oscillations
Tokyo Institute of Technology Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
W. Roetzel X. Luo Y. Xuan
This paper reports recent experimental demonstration activities of a high-efficiency energy conversion method from high-temperature thermal energy to electricity by way of inert gas cycle direct (ICD) power generation. ICD can be used as a topping cycle for gas turbines because it utilizes the highest temperature range of combustion gas. In this paper, a natural gas firing thermal power generation system combining ICD and gas turbines is described whose thermal efficiency is estimated to be around 55% (HHV base). The present status of experimental research on ICD, conducted at Tokyo Institute of Technology, utilizing FUJI-1 blow-down facility are summarized focusing on the thermal fluid dynamical, and electrical performances of disk-type ICD generators. Finally, future directions for Research and development on ICD power generation are outlined.
Institute of Thermodynamics University of the FederalArmed Forces Hamburg Hamburg, Germany A periodic transient test technique based on the axial dispersion model is proposed for the determination of both heat-transfer coefficients and axial-dispersion coefficients in heat exchangers. The model uses a parameter called an axial dispersive Peclet number to modify the deviation of flow pattern from the ideal plug-flow. It takes both axial dispersion in the fluid and axial heat conduction in the wall into account and is solved analytically by means of complex Fourier transform. Experiments were conducted on a dented copper tube, and they showed that axial dispersion has a significant effect on the dynamic temperature response of a heat exchanger.