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Frozen fill for underground support
171A other limestone sites. If adequate thought is given to this possibility during site investigation and pre-construction stages, disruption may be minimised.
Properties of Rocks and Soils See: 865139, 865142
Composition, structure texture and density 865015 Structural analysis of granitic rocks Marre, J London: North Oxford Academic, 1986, 122P The primary structures of granitic rocks are described, and it it demonstrated that the features are complementary at different scales of observation. The three general levels of observation are considered separately. The microscopic level is concerned with fabrics, textures and orientations. At the macroscopic level, features visible to the naked eye are considered - joints, veins, enclaves, contacts. At the megascopic level, that of massirs and plutons, the overall structural form of a geological body cannot be entirely observed, but features are deduced from synthesis of observations made at a lower scale.
865016 Experimental study of soil microfabrics induced by anisotropic stresses of confined swelling and shrinking Jim, C Y Geoderma V37. N2. March 1986, P91-112 Micromorphological changes resulting from the confined swelling and shrinkage of aggregated samples were examined. Two bulk densities and five compositions, based on fullers earth as control, with sand, silt and montmorillonite additions, were used. Void size, shape and distribution changes were studied on thin section specimens. The pedalogical implications are discussed in terms of the plastic shear deformation of soils, dynamic properties of clay-water interactions and the stress-strain regime of swelling soils.
865017 Engineering geological problems in research on flood deposits Myslinska, E lnt Assoc Engng Geol Bull N32. Dec 1985, P105-109 During the present investigations fluvial flood deposits -muds were examined. They are considered as weak soils and their unfavourab[e properties result from numerous factors: slight diagenesis, high moisture and considerable lithological variability. Holocene and recent muds were examined. Engineering geological properties of muds were found to depend on lithology, reflecting the conditions in the valley and the drainage basin during deposition. Parameters of most significance to relate the physico-chemical properties of muds and their activity to water were grain size. composition, organic matter content, moisture, and. from the parameters that describe the soil state, liquid limit.
865018 Microaggregates in red earths and related soils in East and Central Africa, their classification and occurrence Trapnell, C G: Webster, R J Soil Sci V37. N1, March 1986, P109-123 Residual clayey soils of tropical Africa cannot be adequately described by size and shape of aggregates larger than about Imm or by thin section microscopic study. The microaggregate (0.03-1mm) structures of residual red earth soils from East and Central Africa have been studied by low power microscopy, and the effects of gradual moistening and sudden wetting examined. Results show an angular microstructure, resulting from simple cleavages in the soil mass, a microgranular structure involving minute spherical bodies and two types of intermediate structure. The microgranular soils also contain larger pellet bodies originating as residual cores of solid rock. Results are compared with soils studied in West Africa. Evidence for the distribution of these soils is outlined, and possible factors in their occurrence reviewed.
Deformation and strength characteristics See also: 865174, 865175, 865182, 865213
865019 Frozen fill for underground support Archibald, J F; Nantel, J H CIIW Bull V79. N885. Jan 1986, P45-49 The physical and mechanical properties of frozen tailings material have been assessed in light of its future use as support as underground backfill in mines located in zones of permafrost. A variety of laboratory tests to determine frozen slurry and pelletized tailings strength properties, moduli of compression, optimum water contents and deformation characteristics have been conducted. Results indicate that frozen tailings exhibit remarkable structural properties and that this material has a possible application in mines located in zones of permafrost.
865020 Experimental study of rheological properties of a sand using a special triaxial apparatus Bouvard, D; Stutz, P Geotech Test J V9. NI. March 1986, PIO-18 A special triaxial apparatus is described with which, by measuring the attenuation of a thin beam of gamma rays, it is possible to determine the local density at any cross-section of the sample. Compression tests along different stress paths and classical extension tests have allowed study of the rheological properties of sand at large strains and the characterisation of the limit state of perfect plasticity.
865021 Variability in the shear strength characteristics of an amphibolite derived laterite soil Ogunsanwo, O lnt Assoc Engng Geol Bull N32, Dec 1985, P I I I-II5 Variability in the shear strength characteristics of a fine grained amphibolite derived laterite soil within an area of I sq m in the same horizon was investigated by means of consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests. The shear strength parameters in terms of both effective and total stresses showed remarkable variabilities. The chemistry of the soil was found to be essentially constant, while the spaeial distribution of the geothite present was found to be non-uniform, The variability
© 1986 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
Properties of Rocks and Soils See: 865139, 865142
Composition, structure texture and density 865015 Structural analysis of granitic rocks Marre, J London: North Oxford Academic, 1986, 122P The primary structures of granitic rocks are described, and it it demonstrated that the features are complementary at different scales of observation. The three general levels of observation are considered separately. The microscopic level is concerned with fabrics, textures and orientations. At the macroscopic level, features visible to the naked eye are considered - joints, veins, enclaves, contacts. At the megascopic level, that of massirs and plutons, the overall structural form of a geological body cannot be entirely observed, but features are deduced from synthesis of observations made at a lower scale.
865016 Experimental study of soil microfabrics induced by anisotropic stresses of confined swelling and shrinking Jim, C Y Geoderma V37. N2. March 1986, P91-112 Micromorphological changes resulting from the confined swelling and shrinkage of aggregated samples were examined. Two bulk densities and five compositions, based on fullers earth as control, with sand, silt and montmorillonite additions, were used. Void size, shape and distribution changes were studied on thin section specimens. The pedalogical implications are discussed in terms of the plastic shear deformation of soils, dynamic properties of clay-water interactions and the stress-strain regime of swelling soils.
865017 Engineering geological problems in research on flood deposits Myslinska, E lnt Assoc Engng Geol Bull N32. Dec 1985, P105-109 During the present investigations fluvial flood deposits -muds were examined. They are considered as weak soils and their unfavourab[e properties result from numerous factors: slight diagenesis, high moisture and considerable lithological variability. Holocene and recent muds were examined. Engineering geological properties of muds were found to depend on lithology, reflecting the conditions in the valley and the drainage basin during deposition. Parameters of most significance to relate the physico-chemical properties of muds and their activity to water were grain size. composition, organic matter content, moisture, and. from the parameters that describe the soil state, liquid limit.
865018 Microaggregates in red earths and related soils in East and Central Africa, their classification and occurrence Trapnell, C G: Webster, R J Soil Sci V37. N1, March 1986, P109-123 Residual clayey soils of tropical Africa cannot be adequately described by size and shape of aggregates larger than about Imm or by thin section microscopic study. The microaggregate (0.03-1mm) structures of residual red earth soils from East and Central Africa have been studied by low power microscopy, and the effects of gradual moistening and sudden wetting examined. Results show an angular microstructure, resulting from simple cleavages in the soil mass, a microgranular structure involving minute spherical bodies and two types of intermediate structure. The microgranular soils also contain larger pellet bodies originating as residual cores of solid rock. Results are compared with soils studied in West Africa. Evidence for the distribution of these soils is outlined, and possible factors in their occurrence reviewed.
Deformation and strength characteristics See also: 865174, 865175, 865182, 865213
865019 Frozen fill for underground support Archibald, J F; Nantel, J H CIIW Bull V79. N885. Jan 1986, P45-49 The physical and mechanical properties of frozen tailings material have been assessed in light of its future use as support as underground backfill in mines located in zones of permafrost. A variety of laboratory tests to determine frozen slurry and pelletized tailings strength properties, moduli of compression, optimum water contents and deformation characteristics have been conducted. Results indicate that frozen tailings exhibit remarkable structural properties and that this material has a possible application in mines located in zones of permafrost.
865020 Experimental study of rheological properties of a sand using a special triaxial apparatus Bouvard, D; Stutz, P Geotech Test J V9. NI. March 1986, PIO-18 A special triaxial apparatus is described with which, by measuring the attenuation of a thin beam of gamma rays, it is possible to determine the local density at any cross-section of the sample. Compression tests along different stress paths and classical extension tests have allowed study of the rheological properties of sand at large strains and the characterisation of the limit state of perfect plasticity.
865021 Variability in the shear strength characteristics of an amphibolite derived laterite soil Ogunsanwo, O lnt Assoc Engng Geol Bull N32, Dec 1985, P I I I-II5 Variability in the shear strength characteristics of a fine grained amphibolite derived laterite soil within an area of I sq m in the same horizon was investigated by means of consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests. The shear strength parameters in terms of both effective and total stresses showed remarkable variabilities. The chemistry of the soil was found to be essentially constant, while the spaeial distribution of the geothite present was found to be non-uniform, The variability
© 1986 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted