Ground failure caused by groundwater withdrawal from unconsolidated sediments - United States

108A to study the hydrology of a road tunnel in rock and a deep excavation in soil, and to study the effect of a hydropower project on medicinal springs are described. 883O25 Parametric study of interface advance rates in unconfined

aquifers Isaacs, L T UMv ~ e e m ~ l , Dcpt of Civil Emgiaeerimg, Researck report NCE82, July 1987, 201> Both seasonal and abstraction/injection influenced saltwater intrusion into an unconfined freshwater aquifer have been studied. Numerical solutions of the governing equations are used to determine the effect on the response of the salt/fresh interface of variations in the relevant parameters. Approximate formulae are presented to estimate the rate of movement of the interface.

883029

Dispersion of results during determimatien of peestbiUties of internal erosion phenomenon using the empirical methods Vlahovic, M Proc 5tk lntermaiosml Confess lntermuional Association of Engimeerbtg Geology, II~mos Aires, 20-25 October 1986 V2, P1037-1041. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1986 Empirical methods of predicting internal erosion and piping, based on different soil parameters (grain size, permeability, porosity, bulk density, friction angle) are examined against results of laboratory tests on sands. Hydraulic conditions must be taken into account to achieve realistic predictions. Results are discussed. A stochastic model to describe the phenomenon would be of great value.

Properties of Rocks and

Chemical and physical changes due to water See also: 883284 See also: 883205 883O3O 883026 Ground f a b r e earned by ~ m t e r

withdrawal from tmmmolMmted se41meats - Uuited States Holzer, T L Proc 3rd lmtema6omi Symposhm oR L a ~ Sdui~mce, gemce, 19-25 Marck 1984 P747-756. Pubi Walfing~ord: IAHS, 1986 Subsidence associated with groundwater withdrawal from unconsolidated sediments is usually accompanied by ground failure. Tensile failure causing earth fissures and shear failure causing surface faults are both evident. Localised differential compaction is the prominent failure mechanism. Surface faults occur along pre-existing faults, many of which act as partial groundwater barriers. Offsets in height across faults may be accounted for by differential compaction. 883O27

G e ~ ~

~

m

to p.~vem l . J

suhuidmce as a remit of the reclamation of the Markerwaasd puider la the Nethedands Vos, G; Claessen, F A M; van Ommen, J H G Pro¢ 3rd i s t ~ Sympmiam on L n d ~ e , gesdce, 19-25 Marck 1984 P915-928. Publ Wallingford: IAHS, 1986

Failure Scott, R F Geoteelmiqme V37, N4, Dec 1987, P423-466 The 27th Rankine Lecture. An attempt is made to classify geotechnical failures. Experiences in trying t o remotely measure the properties of moon and Mars soils axe s ~ . Landslides, dam failures, and fault rupture ~ its ~ on structures are considered. Analysis methods including finite difference and finite element ~ are examined. Constitutive relations in analysis are ~ m d , with p a ~ referonce to unstable m a t e ~ ~ can give rise to ~ t i o n of slip surfaces or zones, Exampim m ~ Of the ~ of the discrete element method and d ~ relaxation ~ ~ finite difference technique a ~ to ~ t s , slopes and punch indentation. Failure and its effects on structural design are discussed. 134 refs. gg3O31 Relation betwem pityskui suimUepy and ~ gnnfilk redt hi J s l m Kudo, Y; Hashimoto, K I ; Sano, O; Nakagawa, K

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Momreal, JO AmR-IO ~ 1 ~ Vl, P429-43Z Pubi Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1987

A finite element model has been developed of the drawdown in Pleistocene aquifers in the North Holland province as a result of reclamation of the Markerwaard polder. Without countermeasures, settlement of compressible peats and clays, subsidence, and damage to the infrastructure are likely. Artificial recharge by vertical recharge wells, and by infiltration grooves in the lake between North Holland and the polder are both simulated.

Specimens from 40 granite quarries were analyaed, Thin section analysis showed the marked microstruetures were open cracks and healed crack,sin quartz, and ~ ~in:feldspar. Sound velocity, temik ~ : a n d comlmmive strength exhibited obviom msotmpy, a ~ b l e t o ~ ~ f e r r e d orientation of the cracks. M ~ in the ~ ~ a similar preferred orientation at all the quarries in the area. Auth.

883O28

883032

Phemmmm of s l m c a t t m in ~ p e s Vilar, O M; Rodrigues, J E; Bjornberg, A J S; Paraguassu, A B

Pr~ Jtt UMermtiomt c o q v m l w ~ A ~ of ~ r ~ ~ , ilmmos a~rcs, 20-2J ~ 1N6 v2, P931-932. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1986 A superficial hard crust is found on the surface of sandy sediment slopes in the Parana Basin, Brazil. It is formed rapidly and improves slope stability. Laboratory simulations have confirmed that the cementation is caused by precipitation of silica from percolating groundwater.

Geetechakai a~peets o f ~ Brazil Dias, R D; Gehling, W Y Y

latedtk suils tn semh

P793-797. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1986

Lateritic soils derived from gra~te, sandstone, basalt, and cenozoic sediments have beenUmed. Soil ~ included texture, demity, ~ , direct ~ confined compressive strength, compreuibility and collapsibility, Such soils are pedalogleally developed, and, unlike saprolitic soils,

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