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Groundwater resource evaluation
BOOK REVIEWS
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water each year. In the Colorado River basin alone, phreatophytes grow on about 170000 acres along a 450-mile reach of the river, and use about 570000 acre-feet of water a year. W. C. WALTON" Groundwater Resource Evaluation. McGraw-Hill, NewYork, 1970. 664 p. $17.50.
Effects of Urban Development on Direct Runoff to East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, Long Island, New York, and Preliminary Results of Hydrologic Studies at Two Recharge Basins on Long Island, New York. 75 cents and 35 cents respectively. Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Runoff from Long Island's central Nassau County has tripled in 25 years, increasing from about 920 acre-feet per year in 1937 to about 3400 acre-feet in 1962. Two new reports from the U.S. Geological Survey show that rapid urban development with its accompanying increase in paved roads, parking lots, driveways and other construction is directly responsible for cutting off recharge of tremendous amounts of ground water. The region's 2.5. million residents are dependent upon the island's aquifers for their water supplies. Efforts to recover some of this lost precipitation include the use of about 500 sumps in Nassau County and 1400 in Suffolk County. A 1967 study showed that the sumps were able to collect about 10 percent of the precipitation falling in their drainage areas, and recharged the aquifers at an average rate of about 210 gallons per square foot of basin. EDWARD J. PLUHOWSKI: Urbanization and Its Effect on the Temperature of the Streams on Long Island, New York. Professional Paper 627-D. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., 1970. This studyis part of the larger studycarried out and described in Professional Papers 627 A-D under the overall title "Hydrology and Some Effects of Urbanization on Long Island, New York." The objective was not only to study the effects of urbanization but to gain knowledge of the total hydrologic regime for planning purposes. Thermal pollution of waterways by power stations and factories is well recognized today. The report dwells on an equally significant but less obvious form of thermal pollution, the increase in the seasonal variation of water temperature caused by urbanization. Five streams were selected for study that were similar in all features except the degree of urbanization in their catchment areas. One of these, the Connetquot River, which is virtually in its natural state, was used as a control. It was found that the greater the urbanization the greater the seasonal variation in stream temperature. Increases of
363
water each year. In the Colorado River basin alone, phreatophytes grow on about 170000 acres along a 450-mile reach of the river, and use about 570000 acre-feet of water a year. W. C. WALTON" Groundwater Resource Evaluation. McGraw-Hill, NewYork, 1970. 664 p. $17.50.
Effects of Urban Development on Direct Runoff to East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, Long Island, New York, and Preliminary Results of Hydrologic Studies at Two Recharge Basins on Long Island, New York. 75 cents and 35 cents respectively. Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Runoff from Long Island's central Nassau County has tripled in 25 years, increasing from about 920 acre-feet per year in 1937 to about 3400 acre-feet in 1962. Two new reports from the U.S. Geological Survey show that rapid urban development with its accompanying increase in paved roads, parking lots, driveways and other construction is directly responsible for cutting off recharge of tremendous amounts of ground water. The region's 2.5. million residents are dependent upon the island's aquifers for their water supplies. Efforts to recover some of this lost precipitation include the use of about 500 sumps in Nassau County and 1400 in Suffolk County. A 1967 study showed that the sumps were able to collect about 10 percent of the precipitation falling in their drainage areas, and recharged the aquifers at an average rate of about 210 gallons per square foot of basin. EDWARD J. PLUHOWSKI: Urbanization and Its Effect on the Temperature of the Streams on Long Island, New York. Professional Paper 627-D. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., 1970. This studyis part of the larger studycarried out and described in Professional Papers 627 A-D under the overall title "Hydrology and Some Effects of Urbanization on Long Island, New York." The objective was not only to study the effects of urbanization but to gain knowledge of the total hydrologic regime for planning purposes. Thermal pollution of waterways by power stations and factories is well recognized today. The report dwells on an equally significant but less obvious form of thermal pollution, the increase in the seasonal variation of water temperature caused by urbanization. Five streams were selected for study that were similar in all features except the degree of urbanization in their catchment areas. One of these, the Connetquot River, which is virtually in its natural state, was used as a control. It was found that the greater the urbanization the greater the seasonal variation in stream temperature. Increases of