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Heart rate variability in cases of orthostatic dysregulation of undetermined subset during the new standing test
Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical 201 (2016) 72–75
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / a u t n e u
Abstracts
a
This study examined the influence of isotonic exercise on energy metabolism during mist sauna bathing. The subjects were ten healthy adult males who undertook three separate tasks: mist sauna bathing only, isotonic exercise during mist sauna bathing, and exercise only. The mist sauna was undertaken at a temperature of 38oC with a relative humidity of 96%, the exercise alone at an environmental temperature of 28oC and a relative humidity of 52%. The experiment followed a pattern of 10 minutes rest, 10 minutes task, and then 20 minutes of recovery. We measured the oxygen intake, blood pressure, heart rate, tympanic temperature, and total volume of sweat and urine. Energy metabolism, tympanic temperature, and total volume of sweating during exercise with the mist sauna bathing increased significantly more than with exercise alone. Because body temperature rises in the high temperature environment of the mist sauna bath, heart rate and blood flow to muscles increased to maintain muscle activity during the exercise. In addition, enhanced activity of respiratory muscles and increase in energy metabolism for sweating during the mist sauna bathing were observed. These observations suggest that there is a greater activation of energy metabolism with isotonic exercise during mist sauna bathing than with mist sauna bathing alone or with exercise alone. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 253-259, 2015)
DP
Munenori Minagawaa, Yasuzo Kuronob, Tatsuyo lshigamia, Atushi Yamadaa,c, Toshinori Kakamua, Junichiro Hayanoc a The Oriental Medical Center Group, Aichi 464-0848, Japan b The Oriental Medical Center, Aichi 464-0848, Japan c Department of Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
OF
Site-specific activation of gastric and cardiac parasympathetic function by epifascial acupuncture to abdomen
Aichi Medical College for Physical and Occupational Therapy, Aichi 452-0931, Japan b Toho Gas Co., Ltd. Aichi 456-8511, Japan
RO
#1
CO
RR
EC
TE
Acupuncture has been used extensively for normalizing autonomic functions in various organ systems; however, the current evidence about its effects on objective indices is limited. Here we investigated the effect of acupuncture on autonomic neural functions by applying acupuncture to abdominal points (epifascial acupuncture) and analysing heart rate variability (HRV) and electrogastrogram (EGG). In 10 healthy volunteers, beat-to-beat R-R intervals and EGG were recorded for 10 minutes before and after acupuncture stimulation to each of CV12 (the midpoint of the line connecting xiphoid and umbilicus on the upper abdomen), ST25 (on the middle of the abdomen, 2 cun lateral to the umbilicus), and CV6 (on the anterior median line of the lower abdomen, 1.5 cun below the umbilicus). HRV was analyzed for the power of high-frequency (HF, 0.150.40 Hz) and low-frequency (LF, 0.04-0.15 Hz) components, and LF-to-HF power ratio. EGG was analyzed for period dominant power and frequency. We observed that stimulation at CV12 increased the power of LF and HF components, an effect indicating cardiac vagal activation. In contrast, stimulation at ST25 and CV6 affected none of the HRV indices. Stimulation at none of the three points affected the period dominant power or frequency of EGG. In conclusion, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that acupuncture stimulation has site-specific and organselective effects on autonomic neural functions. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 145-151, 2015)
#2
UN
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.005
Effect of isotonic exercise on energy metabolism, body temperature and cardiovascular functions during mist sauna bathing in humans Chihiro Miwaa, Yuko Kawaharab
1566-0702/$ – see front matter
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.006
#3 Heart rate variability in cases of orthostatic dysregulation of undetermined subset during the new standing test Norio Kazuma Department of Pediatrics, Seibu General Hospital, Saitama 338-0824, Japan
Orthostatic dysregulation (OD) and its specific subset is diagnosed employing the new standing test. We have previously observed that the pattern of the LF/HF (LF:0.04–0.15 Hz, HF: 0.15–0.4 Hz) ratio as an index of heart rate variability during the standing test reflects differences among the subsets of orthostatic dysregulation. The peak LF/HF for instantaneous orthostatic hypotension (INOH) increases at a late stage
Abstracts 201 (2016) 72–75
during standing, whereas that for postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) does so in the early stage. In the present study we analyzed the LF/HF pattern in 48 cases of OD in which the subset had not been determined by the new standing test, although 33 of those cases were of clinical orthostatic dysregulation. Among the 48 cases, the LF/HF pattern was INOH in 17, POTS in 8, POTS with an INOH pattern in 7, NMS (neurally mediated syncope) in 2, and normal in 14. In the clinical OD cases, the LF/HF pattern was INOH in 12, POTS in 7, POTS with an INOH pattern in 6, and NMS in 2. Among the non-clinical orthostatic dysregulation cases, 7 showed a normal LF/HF pattern. There were several orthostatic dysregulation cases for which the subset could not be determined by the new standing test alone. By including the LF/HF pattern with the new standing test, it may be possible to improve the accuracy of the orthostatic diagnosis. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 326-330, 2015)
b
Department of Ophthalmology, Kanagawa Dental University Yokohama Dental and Medical Clinic, Kanagawa 221-0835, Japan c Department of Orthoptics and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
Autonomic nervous activity can be evaluated from both heart rate variability (HRV) and pupil size; however, the functional relationship between the two parameters is yet to be elucidated. We carried out cognitive and behavioral tests that modify the autonomic balance, in order to assess the significance of changes in pupillary diameter and their correlation with HRV, in healthy young adults. We adopted the Verbal Fluency Task (VFT) and Eye Massage (EM) to simulate a stressful and a less stressful condition, respectively, while pupil diameter and electrocardiogram were simultaneously recorded. Under the stressful VFT condition, pupillary diameter increased during the task together with an enhanced cardiac sympathetic activity. This result suggests that the mental workload promoted a sympathetic nervous response in both the eye and the heart. Pupil diameter decreased after EM, suggesting an increased parasympathetic activity during relaxation. HRV showed increased parasympathetic activity together with a tendency to reduced sympathetic activity, suggesting that EM has an effect on both branches of the Autonomic Nervous System. The results of the control experiment that had the same protocol but without EM showed no constriction of the pupil, suggesting that the warm steam sensation together with rhythmic massage during the EM task promotes relaxation and a less stressful condition, resulting in pupil constriction. Changes in pupillary diameter reflect cardiac autonomic responses and may therefore be useful in the development of a non-contact medical device for evaluating individual stress responses. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 338-343, 2015)
#4 Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels and motor and non-motor signs in patients with Parkinson’s disease
TE
DP
Hiroaki Fujitaa, Keisuke Suzukia, Ayaka Numaoa, Masayuki Miyamotob, Tomoyuki Miyamotoc, Yuji Watanabea, Hideki Sakutaa, Koichi Hirataa a Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan b School of Nursing, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan c Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
RO
OF
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.007
73
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.009
#6
UN
CO
RR
EC
An increase in serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in the early phases of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is known from previous studies. We performed a cross-sectional study including 83 patients with Parkinson’s disease to evaluate the association of serum IGF-1 levels with disease severity (Hoehn and Yahr stage), motor function (UPDRS-III), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE), olfactory function (a card-type odor identification test, Open Essence), probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire, Japanese version, RBDSQ-J), substantia nigra hyperechogenicity evaluated by transcranial sonography and cardiac MIBG scintigraphy results. Serum IGF-1 levels were positively correlated with MMSE score while they were negatively correlated with age, with the Hoehn and Yahr stage and with the UPDRS-III score. There was no correlation between serum IGF-1 levels, cardiac MIBG scintigraphy (early and delayed H/M ratio), substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and olfactory function tests. Our study suggests that serum IGF-1 levels in Parkinson’s disease patients decrease along with cognitive and motor impairment. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 331-337, 2015) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.008
#5
Stress evaluation based on changes in the pupillary diameter of human eye Nur Iqlimma Aisyah Binti Aluwia, Yumie Onoa, Naoto Harab,c Graduate School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
a
Effect of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction on the onset of vaso-vagal syncope
Yoshinori Wakitaa, Koichi Hamanoa, Junko Izumia, Jun Usamia,b, Wataru Kitagawab, Sayuri Yamamotoa, Eri Ibukia, Satoshi Iwasec, Masato Maekawaa a Department of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan b Department of Kidney and collagen disease internal medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan c Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) of the protracted type is characterized by gradual decrease of systolic blood pressure by orthostasis, which is caused by an uncompensated sympathetic response to fluid-shift following a positional change. If the patient has a diastolic dysfunction (DD), this hypotensive response will be exaggerated due to an excess of the preload response. From the viewpoint of sympathetic response, orthostatic hypotension is caused by under-response to fluid-shift following positional change, whereas neurally-mediated hypotension is due to an over-response to fluid-shift. Since the common mechanism of these two pathophysiological conditions seems to be the decreased preload which causes the diastolic dysfunction, we examined whether diastolic dysfunction is present even in the cases of neurally-mediated hypotension. To this end we evaluated the cardiac function in 27-patients with suspected vaso-vagal syncope (neurally-mediated syncope, NMS),
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / a u t n e u
Abstracts
a
This study examined the influence of isotonic exercise on energy metabolism during mist sauna bathing. The subjects were ten healthy adult males who undertook three separate tasks: mist sauna bathing only, isotonic exercise during mist sauna bathing, and exercise only. The mist sauna was undertaken at a temperature of 38oC with a relative humidity of 96%, the exercise alone at an environmental temperature of 28oC and a relative humidity of 52%. The experiment followed a pattern of 10 minutes rest, 10 minutes task, and then 20 minutes of recovery. We measured the oxygen intake, blood pressure, heart rate, tympanic temperature, and total volume of sweat and urine. Energy metabolism, tympanic temperature, and total volume of sweating during exercise with the mist sauna bathing increased significantly more than with exercise alone. Because body temperature rises in the high temperature environment of the mist sauna bath, heart rate and blood flow to muscles increased to maintain muscle activity during the exercise. In addition, enhanced activity of respiratory muscles and increase in energy metabolism for sweating during the mist sauna bathing were observed. These observations suggest that there is a greater activation of energy metabolism with isotonic exercise during mist sauna bathing than with mist sauna bathing alone or with exercise alone. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 253-259, 2015)
DP
Munenori Minagawaa, Yasuzo Kuronob, Tatsuyo lshigamia, Atushi Yamadaa,c, Toshinori Kakamua, Junichiro Hayanoc a The Oriental Medical Center Group, Aichi 464-0848, Japan b The Oriental Medical Center, Aichi 464-0848, Japan c Department of Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
OF
Site-specific activation of gastric and cardiac parasympathetic function by epifascial acupuncture to abdomen
Aichi Medical College for Physical and Occupational Therapy, Aichi 452-0931, Japan b Toho Gas Co., Ltd. Aichi 456-8511, Japan
RO
#1
CO
RR
EC
TE
Acupuncture has been used extensively for normalizing autonomic functions in various organ systems; however, the current evidence about its effects on objective indices is limited. Here we investigated the effect of acupuncture on autonomic neural functions by applying acupuncture to abdominal points (epifascial acupuncture) and analysing heart rate variability (HRV) and electrogastrogram (EGG). In 10 healthy volunteers, beat-to-beat R-R intervals and EGG were recorded for 10 minutes before and after acupuncture stimulation to each of CV12 (the midpoint of the line connecting xiphoid and umbilicus on the upper abdomen), ST25 (on the middle of the abdomen, 2 cun lateral to the umbilicus), and CV6 (on the anterior median line of the lower abdomen, 1.5 cun below the umbilicus). HRV was analyzed for the power of high-frequency (HF, 0.150.40 Hz) and low-frequency (LF, 0.04-0.15 Hz) components, and LF-to-HF power ratio. EGG was analyzed for period dominant power and frequency. We observed that stimulation at CV12 increased the power of LF and HF components, an effect indicating cardiac vagal activation. In contrast, stimulation at ST25 and CV6 affected none of the HRV indices. Stimulation at none of the three points affected the period dominant power or frequency of EGG. In conclusion, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that acupuncture stimulation has site-specific and organselective effects on autonomic neural functions. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 145-151, 2015)
#2
UN
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.005
Effect of isotonic exercise on energy metabolism, body temperature and cardiovascular functions during mist sauna bathing in humans Chihiro Miwaa, Yuko Kawaharab
1566-0702/$ – see front matter
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.006
#3 Heart rate variability in cases of orthostatic dysregulation of undetermined subset during the new standing test Norio Kazuma Department of Pediatrics, Seibu General Hospital, Saitama 338-0824, Japan
Orthostatic dysregulation (OD) and its specific subset is diagnosed employing the new standing test. We have previously observed that the pattern of the LF/HF (LF:0.04–0.15 Hz, HF: 0.15–0.4 Hz) ratio as an index of heart rate variability during the standing test reflects differences among the subsets of orthostatic dysregulation. The peak LF/HF for instantaneous orthostatic hypotension (INOH) increases at a late stage
Abstracts 201 (2016) 72–75
during standing, whereas that for postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) does so in the early stage. In the present study we analyzed the LF/HF pattern in 48 cases of OD in which the subset had not been determined by the new standing test, although 33 of those cases were of clinical orthostatic dysregulation. Among the 48 cases, the LF/HF pattern was INOH in 17, POTS in 8, POTS with an INOH pattern in 7, NMS (neurally mediated syncope) in 2, and normal in 14. In the clinical OD cases, the LF/HF pattern was INOH in 12, POTS in 7, POTS with an INOH pattern in 6, and NMS in 2. Among the non-clinical orthostatic dysregulation cases, 7 showed a normal LF/HF pattern. There were several orthostatic dysregulation cases for which the subset could not be determined by the new standing test alone. By including the LF/HF pattern with the new standing test, it may be possible to improve the accuracy of the orthostatic diagnosis. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 326-330, 2015)
b
Department of Ophthalmology, Kanagawa Dental University Yokohama Dental and Medical Clinic, Kanagawa 221-0835, Japan c Department of Orthoptics and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
Autonomic nervous activity can be evaluated from both heart rate variability (HRV) and pupil size; however, the functional relationship between the two parameters is yet to be elucidated. We carried out cognitive and behavioral tests that modify the autonomic balance, in order to assess the significance of changes in pupillary diameter and their correlation with HRV, in healthy young adults. We adopted the Verbal Fluency Task (VFT) and Eye Massage (EM) to simulate a stressful and a less stressful condition, respectively, while pupil diameter and electrocardiogram were simultaneously recorded. Under the stressful VFT condition, pupillary diameter increased during the task together with an enhanced cardiac sympathetic activity. This result suggests that the mental workload promoted a sympathetic nervous response in both the eye and the heart. Pupil diameter decreased after EM, suggesting an increased parasympathetic activity during relaxation. HRV showed increased parasympathetic activity together with a tendency to reduced sympathetic activity, suggesting that EM has an effect on both branches of the Autonomic Nervous System. The results of the control experiment that had the same protocol but without EM showed no constriction of the pupil, suggesting that the warm steam sensation together with rhythmic massage during the EM task promotes relaxation and a less stressful condition, resulting in pupil constriction. Changes in pupillary diameter reflect cardiac autonomic responses and may therefore be useful in the development of a non-contact medical device for evaluating individual stress responses. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 338-343, 2015)
#4 Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels and motor and non-motor signs in patients with Parkinson’s disease
TE
DP
Hiroaki Fujitaa, Keisuke Suzukia, Ayaka Numaoa, Masayuki Miyamotob, Tomoyuki Miyamotoc, Yuji Watanabea, Hideki Sakutaa, Koichi Hirataa a Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan b School of Nursing, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan c Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
RO
OF
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.007
73
doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.009
#6
UN
CO
RR
EC
An increase in serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in the early phases of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is known from previous studies. We performed a cross-sectional study including 83 patients with Parkinson’s disease to evaluate the association of serum IGF-1 levels with disease severity (Hoehn and Yahr stage), motor function (UPDRS-III), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE), olfactory function (a card-type odor identification test, Open Essence), probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire, Japanese version, RBDSQ-J), substantia nigra hyperechogenicity evaluated by transcranial sonography and cardiac MIBG scintigraphy results. Serum IGF-1 levels were positively correlated with MMSE score while they were negatively correlated with age, with the Hoehn and Yahr stage and with the UPDRS-III score. There was no correlation between serum IGF-1 levels, cardiac MIBG scintigraphy (early and delayed H/M ratio), substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and olfactory function tests. Our study suggests that serum IGF-1 levels in Parkinson’s disease patients decrease along with cognitive and motor impairment. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 52: 331-337, 2015) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.09.008
#5
Stress evaluation based on changes in the pupillary diameter of human eye Nur Iqlimma Aisyah Binti Aluwia, Yumie Onoa, Naoto Harab,c Graduate School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
a
Effect of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction on the onset of vaso-vagal syncope
Yoshinori Wakitaa, Koichi Hamanoa, Junko Izumia, Jun Usamia,b, Wataru Kitagawab, Sayuri Yamamotoa, Eri Ibukia, Satoshi Iwasec, Masato Maekawaa a Department of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan b Department of Kidney and collagen disease internal medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan c Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) of the protracted type is characterized by gradual decrease of systolic blood pressure by orthostasis, which is caused by an uncompensated sympathetic response to fluid-shift following a positional change. If the patient has a diastolic dysfunction (DD), this hypotensive response will be exaggerated due to an excess of the preload response. From the viewpoint of sympathetic response, orthostatic hypotension is caused by under-response to fluid-shift following positional change, whereas neurally-mediated hypotension is due to an over-response to fluid-shift. Since the common mechanism of these two pathophysiological conditions seems to be the decreased preload which causes the diastolic dysfunction, we examined whether diastolic dysfunction is present even in the cases of neurally-mediated hypotension. To this end we evaluated the cardiac function in 27-patients with suspected vaso-vagal syncope (neurally-mediated syncope, NMS),