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IEA solar PACES Australia's role
07 Alternative energy sources (solar energy)
96/02851 lEA solar PACES Australia's role Wyld, 1. Solar Progress, Nov.-Dec, 1995, 16, (4), p. 21. Reports that in 1994 ERDC successfully brokered a consortium of Australian electricity utilities to join lEA's Implementing Agreement for Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems (Solar PACES). The consortium comprises ERDC, Pacific Power (NSW), Western Power (WA), Power and Water Authority (NT), Electricity Trust of South Australia, and Queensland Transmission and Supply Corporation.
96/02860 Modelling of a hot box solar cooker Binark, A. K. and Turkmen, N. Energy Converso Mgmt., Mar. 1996, 37,
96/02852 Integrated solar collector storage system based on a salt-hydrate phase-change material Rabin, Y. et al., Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 435-444. A new integrated collector storage concept for low-temperature solar heating of water is described. The solar energy is stored in a salt-hydratephasechange material (PCM) held in the collector and is discharged to cold water flowing through a surface heat exchanger located in a layer of stationary heat transfer liquid, floating over an immiscible layer of PCM. A theoretical model for the charging process of the proposed integrated collector is presented.
96/02861 Modelling the solar Irradiation of flat plate collectors augmented with planar reflectors Bollentin, J. W. and Wilk, R. D. Solar Energy, Nov. 1995, 55, (5),
96/02853 Inverters: Local Incompatibility and related Issues - Part 2 McCray, M. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 34-35. In the previous issues of Solar Today the author described problems encountered when starting various kinds of resistive, inductive or electronic loads on different inverter types (square wave, quasi-sine wave and sine wave) and architectures (transformer or high frequency switcher). In this issue he discusses problems encountered while operating various loads on these inverters. 96/02854 Large DHW solar systems with distributed storage tanks Prapas, D. E. et al., Solar Energy, Sep. 1995, 55, (3), 175-184. The thermal behaviour of a central DHW solar system, the desi¥n of which is based on a new Central Collection-Separate Storing (CCSS) approach, has been investigated theoretically. The common practice for large DHW solar systems, of employing a central storage and delivery facility, has been shown in the past to exhibit a rather poor performance and considerable heat losses. This is due to the extensive length of pipework required for both the transfer of solar energy and the delivery of hot water. The CCSS solar system presented can overcome the above problems by employing separate storage tanks for each family, thus being best suited for multistory buildings. 96/02855 Latent storage heater for water systems Egolf, P. W. and Manz, H. Heiz. Luft. Haustech., Oct. 1995, 46, (10), 499-503. (In German) Describes how a thermal solar energy system with latent storage heater functions was researched two years ago in Switzerland. The initial phase consisted of experiments and the development of numerical computer models. 96/02856 The magic of solar adobe Miller Thayer, B. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 18-20. Reports on how a Santa Fe architect merges the beauty of southwestern architecture with high-performance solar designed house. 96/02857 Mathematical modelling of solar stills in Iran Mowla, D. and Karimi, G. Solar Energy, Nov. 1995, 55, (5), 389-393. Iran is situated in a region of the world where the solar radiation intensity is considerably high. In some parts of Iran there are more than 200 sunny days. At the same time the need for the production of fresh water from sea water is considerable in the same regions. In this study, a solar still is mathematically simulated and the rate of production of fresh water from sea water is calculated as a function of different meteorological parameters and the solar still specifications. As a special case, some experiments have been done in Shiraz which is located in the south-west of Iran. 96/02858 Model calculations on a flat-plate solar heat collector with integrated solar cells Bergene, T. and Lovvik, O. M. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 453-462. A detailed physical model of a hybrid photovoltaic/therrnal system is proposed, and algorithms for making quantitative predictions regarding the performance of the system are presented. The motivation for the present work is that solar cells act as good heat collectors and are fairly good selective absorbers.
96/02859 Modelling and simulation of PV-powered intermittent load systems by Bond graph technique Madansure, V. N. et al., Solar Energy, Nov. 1995, 55, (5), 367-375. Application of photovoltaic power in system involving intermittent loading requires an understanding of the dynamics of such systems. The paper explores this area by taking the vegetable slicing system as a typical example of intermittent loading. Bond graph methodology has been used in modelling.
200 Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996
(3), 303-310. In this study, the thermal analysis of a hot box solar cooker which is manufacturedin Istanbul Technical University, named as 1.T.U.-l was performed by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The results obtained are given comparatively with the experimental results measured from an actual cooker.
343-354. An analytical model has been developed and used to determine solar irradiation on flat collectors augmented with planar reflectors. The model uses measured insolation data from the NREL National Solar Radiation Data Base (USA). In addition the model accounts for direct and reflected components of beam, diffuse and ground reflected insolation, considers finite length systems, accounts for shading of the collector by the reflector, and considers different configurations of the reflector relative to the collector. Thus the model represents an extension and refinement of many previous models.
96/02862 Myths in passive solar design Hastings, S. R. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 445-451. For years passive solar design principles have been perpetuated without being reexamined or questioned regarding their relevance in the context of new materials and constructions. Rarely does an architect get quantitative feedback on system or concept performance after the building is built. The result has been the perpetuation of beliefs among conference papers, text books and popular articles, all too often based only on belief. In this paper examples of premises which likely deserve to be kept passive rather than acted on are challenged. 96/02863 New development in the theory of heat and mass transfer In solar stills Shawaqfeh, A. T. and Farid, M. M. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 527-535. A single basin solar still with basin area of 0.98 X 0.98 m was constructed from galvanized iron sheets and an inclined glass cover. The still was provided with 525 W electrical heating tapes, fixed under the still basin for indoor steady state operation. The variation of basin temperature, glass temperature and evaporation rate were measured during both indoor and outdoor operation. The hourly variation of solar radiation, ambient temperature, and wind velocity were also taken during the outdoor measurements. Transient analysis of the still requires the evaluation of evaporative, convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients.
96/02864 Output variation of photovoltaic modules with environmental factors. I. The effect of spectral solar radiation on photovoltaic module output Hirata, Y. and Tani, T. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 463-468. In this study, it was investigated how changes in spectral solar radiation effects the output of photovoltaic modules. First, there was a precise examination of the seasonal changes in spectral solar radiation. Consequently, it was found that the ratio of spectral solar radiation available for solar cell utilization, to global solar radiation, changes from season to season. It varied, from 5% for polycrystalline silicon cells, to 14% for amorphous silicon cells, throughout one year. Obviously a cell made from amorphous silicon is more severely effected by seasonal variations. Next, the seasonal changes of photovoltaic module output were examined. 96/02865 A passive solar home in Texas Holder, 1. M. and Holder King, 1. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 30-33. Describes the building of a solar house with recycle materials in Texas.
96/02866 Photovoltaics in the developing world Chambouleyron, I. Energy, May 1996, 21, (5), 385-394. The authors discuss the use of photovoltaic systems in the developing world and the problems hindering their widespread use. Three countries are considered when referring to Latin America, namely, Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. They each have different approaches to the dissemination of stand-alone PV power. Brazil relies entirely on the free market. Mexico has launched one of the world's largest rural electrification programmes under the jurisdiction of the public electric utility. In Argentina, the approach combines a government policy and decisive intervention by the private sector. An official PV policy is essential for the successful implementation of photovoltaics in developing countries. The role of regional centres for the dissemination of solar technologies is discussed. 96/02867 Photovoltaics of the Neunburg vorm Wald solar hydrogen project Dietsch, T. Power Engineering J., Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 17-26. Describes the electric power which supplies the water electrolysers installed in the solar hydrogen facility at Neunburg vorm Wald, Germany, which is generated in two photovoltaic systems with a combined module power rating of 277 kWp.
96/02851 lEA solar PACES Australia's role Wyld, 1. Solar Progress, Nov.-Dec, 1995, 16, (4), p. 21. Reports that in 1994 ERDC successfully brokered a consortium of Australian electricity utilities to join lEA's Implementing Agreement for Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems (Solar PACES). The consortium comprises ERDC, Pacific Power (NSW), Western Power (WA), Power and Water Authority (NT), Electricity Trust of South Australia, and Queensland Transmission and Supply Corporation.
96/02860 Modelling of a hot box solar cooker Binark, A. K. and Turkmen, N. Energy Converso Mgmt., Mar. 1996, 37,
96/02852 Integrated solar collector storage system based on a salt-hydrate phase-change material Rabin, Y. et al., Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 435-444. A new integrated collector storage concept for low-temperature solar heating of water is described. The solar energy is stored in a salt-hydratephasechange material (PCM) held in the collector and is discharged to cold water flowing through a surface heat exchanger located in a layer of stationary heat transfer liquid, floating over an immiscible layer of PCM. A theoretical model for the charging process of the proposed integrated collector is presented.
96/02861 Modelling the solar Irradiation of flat plate collectors augmented with planar reflectors Bollentin, J. W. and Wilk, R. D. Solar Energy, Nov. 1995, 55, (5),
96/02853 Inverters: Local Incompatibility and related Issues - Part 2 McCray, M. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 34-35. In the previous issues of Solar Today the author described problems encountered when starting various kinds of resistive, inductive or electronic loads on different inverter types (square wave, quasi-sine wave and sine wave) and architectures (transformer or high frequency switcher). In this issue he discusses problems encountered while operating various loads on these inverters. 96/02854 Large DHW solar systems with distributed storage tanks Prapas, D. E. et al., Solar Energy, Sep. 1995, 55, (3), 175-184. The thermal behaviour of a central DHW solar system, the desi¥n of which is based on a new Central Collection-Separate Storing (CCSS) approach, has been investigated theoretically. The common practice for large DHW solar systems, of employing a central storage and delivery facility, has been shown in the past to exhibit a rather poor performance and considerable heat losses. This is due to the extensive length of pipework required for both the transfer of solar energy and the delivery of hot water. The CCSS solar system presented can overcome the above problems by employing separate storage tanks for each family, thus being best suited for multistory buildings. 96/02855 Latent storage heater for water systems Egolf, P. W. and Manz, H. Heiz. Luft. Haustech., Oct. 1995, 46, (10), 499-503. (In German) Describes how a thermal solar energy system with latent storage heater functions was researched two years ago in Switzerland. The initial phase consisted of experiments and the development of numerical computer models. 96/02856 The magic of solar adobe Miller Thayer, B. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 18-20. Reports on how a Santa Fe architect merges the beauty of southwestern architecture with high-performance solar designed house. 96/02857 Mathematical modelling of solar stills in Iran Mowla, D. and Karimi, G. Solar Energy, Nov. 1995, 55, (5), 389-393. Iran is situated in a region of the world where the solar radiation intensity is considerably high. In some parts of Iran there are more than 200 sunny days. At the same time the need for the production of fresh water from sea water is considerable in the same regions. In this study, a solar still is mathematically simulated and the rate of production of fresh water from sea water is calculated as a function of different meteorological parameters and the solar still specifications. As a special case, some experiments have been done in Shiraz which is located in the south-west of Iran. 96/02858 Model calculations on a flat-plate solar heat collector with integrated solar cells Bergene, T. and Lovvik, O. M. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 453-462. A detailed physical model of a hybrid photovoltaic/therrnal system is proposed, and algorithms for making quantitative predictions regarding the performance of the system are presented. The motivation for the present work is that solar cells act as good heat collectors and are fairly good selective absorbers.
96/02859 Modelling and simulation of PV-powered intermittent load systems by Bond graph technique Madansure, V. N. et al., Solar Energy, Nov. 1995, 55, (5), 367-375. Application of photovoltaic power in system involving intermittent loading requires an understanding of the dynamics of such systems. The paper explores this area by taking the vegetable slicing system as a typical example of intermittent loading. Bond graph methodology has been used in modelling.
200 Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996
(3), 303-310. In this study, the thermal analysis of a hot box solar cooker which is manufacturedin Istanbul Technical University, named as 1.T.U.-l was performed by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The results obtained are given comparatively with the experimental results measured from an actual cooker.
343-354. An analytical model has been developed and used to determine solar irradiation on flat collectors augmented with planar reflectors. The model uses measured insolation data from the NREL National Solar Radiation Data Base (USA). In addition the model accounts for direct and reflected components of beam, diffuse and ground reflected insolation, considers finite length systems, accounts for shading of the collector by the reflector, and considers different configurations of the reflector relative to the collector. Thus the model represents an extension and refinement of many previous models.
96/02862 Myths in passive solar design Hastings, S. R. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 445-451. For years passive solar design principles have been perpetuated without being reexamined or questioned regarding their relevance in the context of new materials and constructions. Rarely does an architect get quantitative feedback on system or concept performance after the building is built. The result has been the perpetuation of beliefs among conference papers, text books and popular articles, all too often based only on belief. In this paper examples of premises which likely deserve to be kept passive rather than acted on are challenged. 96/02863 New development in the theory of heat and mass transfer In solar stills Shawaqfeh, A. T. and Farid, M. M. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 527-535. A single basin solar still with basin area of 0.98 X 0.98 m was constructed from galvanized iron sheets and an inclined glass cover. The still was provided with 525 W electrical heating tapes, fixed under the still basin for indoor steady state operation. The variation of basin temperature, glass temperature and evaporation rate were measured during both indoor and outdoor operation. The hourly variation of solar radiation, ambient temperature, and wind velocity were also taken during the outdoor measurements. Transient analysis of the still requires the evaluation of evaporative, convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients.
96/02864 Output variation of photovoltaic modules with environmental factors. I. The effect of spectral solar radiation on photovoltaic module output Hirata, Y. and Tani, T. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995, 55, (6), 463-468. In this study, it was investigated how changes in spectral solar radiation effects the output of photovoltaic modules. First, there was a precise examination of the seasonal changes in spectral solar radiation. Consequently, it was found that the ratio of spectral solar radiation available for solar cell utilization, to global solar radiation, changes from season to season. It varied, from 5% for polycrystalline silicon cells, to 14% for amorphous silicon cells, throughout one year. Obviously a cell made from amorphous silicon is more severely effected by seasonal variations. Next, the seasonal changes of photovoltaic module output were examined. 96/02865 A passive solar home in Texas Holder, 1. M. and Holder King, 1. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 30-33. Describes the building of a solar house with recycle materials in Texas.
96/02866 Photovoltaics in the developing world Chambouleyron, I. Energy, May 1996, 21, (5), 385-394. The authors discuss the use of photovoltaic systems in the developing world and the problems hindering their widespread use. Three countries are considered when referring to Latin America, namely, Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. They each have different approaches to the dissemination of stand-alone PV power. Brazil relies entirely on the free market. Mexico has launched one of the world's largest rural electrification programmes under the jurisdiction of the public electric utility. In Argentina, the approach combines a government policy and decisive intervention by the private sector. An official PV policy is essential for the successful implementation of photovoltaics in developing countries. The role of regional centres for the dissemination of solar technologies is discussed. 96/02867 Photovoltaics of the Neunburg vorm Wald solar hydrogen project Dietsch, T. Power Engineering J., Feb. 1996, 10, (1), 17-26. Describes the electric power which supplies the water electrolysers installed in the solar hydrogen facility at Neunburg vorm Wald, Germany, which is generated in two photovoltaic systems with a combined module power rating of 277 kWp.