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In vitro fertilization: Determination of follicular maturation for timing of human chorionic gonadotropin administration
Citations from the Literature renin-substrate and angiotensin-converting enzyme in FF was 60% of that in plasma. Contamination of blood, which may occur at the time of FF collection, was less than 5%. Prorenin in FF was irreversibly converted into renin after adding trypsin or by endogenous serine protease, using procedures that also cause conversion of prorenin in plasma. These results support the hypothesis that the increased plasma level of prorenin in women whose ovulation is stimulated for the collection of oocytes has originated from the ovary and is under gonadotrophic control. This may also be true for the increase of plasma prorenin that has been observed in non-stimulated women during the luteal phase of the cycle and in early pregnancy.
FERTILITY
AND STERILITY
A laparoscopic approach to a program intrafallopian transfer Molloy D; Speirs A; Du Plessis Y; et al
of
gamete
Reproductive Biology Unit, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vie., Australia FERTIL. STERIL.; 47/2 (289-294)/1987/ Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) provides an effective method of achieving pregnancy in infertile women with normal fallopian tubes. Laparoscopic approach to ovum pickup and tubal catheterization provides a simple and rapid means of performing the operation. Equipment used to facilitate this process is described, and techniques of tubal catheterization are discussed. A clinical pregnancy rate of 27% is reported in a series of 71 treatment cycles. The application of GIFT in conjunction with in vitro fertilization is discussed, especially the use of excess gametes to provide embryos for freezing. The use of GIFT as a research and investigative tool may provide further insight into the causes for idiopathic infertility. ln vitro fertilization: Determination of follicular maturation for timing of human chorionic gonadotropin administration Casper RF; Armstrong DT; Brown SE; et al
Medical Research Council Group in Reproductive Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada FERTIL. STERIL.; 47/2 (345-349)/1987/ Hyperstimulation protocols for IVF require critical timing of hCC administration to complete follicular maturation. We studied 170 IVF cycles in 142 patients and retrospectively compared ultrasound and endocrine parameters in pregnancy cycles and spontaneous LH surge cycles with nonpregnancy, non-LH surge cycles. Twenty-six of the 170 cycles resulted in a pregnancy (15.2070). Oocytes were recovered from 27 of 31 cycles in which a spontaneous LH surge occurred, and 9 of these cycles produced a pregnancy (33%). Follicule number and serum E, on the day of ultrasound (cycle day 12 or 13) was lower in the LH surge group and pregnancy group than in the nonpregnant, non-LH surge group. In contrast, on the day of hCG administration or LH surge, serum Esub 2 concentration per follicle > 1 cm in diameter was higher in
163
the combined LH surge/pregnancy group (1219 pmol/i) than in the nonpregnancy/non-LH surge group (932 pmol/l). Our data suggest that it may be possible to individualize hCG administration at midcycle by determining the number of follicles > 1 cm by ultrasound on cycle day 12 or 13 and giving hCG when serum Ez levels reach 1100 to 1200 pmol/l per follicle.
Transmission of hepatitis B virus by artificial insemination Berry WR; Gottesfeld RL; Alter HJ; Vierling JM
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA J. AM. MED. ASSOC.; 257/8 (1079-1081)/1987/ Although the capacity for transmission of hepatitis B infection by semen is well recognized, the potential for transmission by artificial insemination remains theoretical. Currently, screening of semen donors for hepatitis B virus infection is not standard practice. We saw a case of acute viral hepatitis B in a woman following artificial insemination with semen from a donor subsequently found to be positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Both the donor serum and semen contained HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen, and the HBsAg subtype was identical to that of the patient. Documentation of hepatitis B virus transmission by artificial insemination indicates that HBsAg screening of semen donors should be routine practice.
Interleukin-1: A possible role in the infertility associated with endometriosis Fakih H; Baggett B; Holtz G; et al
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA FERTIL. STERIL.; 47/2 (213-217)/1987/ of activated macrophages are Increased numbers associated with mild endometriosis. Interleukin-1 (IL-l) is a protein produced by macrophages and is believed to be a IL-l induces responses. of host mediator primary prostaglandin and fibrinogen synthesis and stimulates fibroblast proliferation. This study was undertaken to evaluate the role of IL-l in the infertility associated with mild endometriosis. Peritoneal fluid (PF) was obtained at laparoscopy from 11 patients with minimal or mild endometriosis and from 7 women undergoing tubal ligation. Peritoneal macrophages were isolated and cultured for 24 hours. Peritoneal and macrophage culture fluids were studied for IL-l activity, which was measured with the EL-4 assay. IL-l activity was present in the PF of 10 of the 11 patients with endometriosis and 11 of the 11 macrophage culture fluids and was absent in the PF and macrophage culture fluid of the tubal ligation patients. The effect of recombinant alpha-IL-l on the in vitro growth of 2-cell mouse embryos was also studied. IL-l in concentrations similar to those present in the PF (> 1 U/ml) was toxic to mouse embryo development. We conclude the IL-1 may play a role in the infertility associated with endometriosis.
Int J Gynecol Obstet 26
FERTILITY
AND STERILITY
A laparoscopic approach to a program intrafallopian transfer Molloy D; Speirs A; Du Plessis Y; et al
of
gamete
Reproductive Biology Unit, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vie., Australia FERTIL. STERIL.; 47/2 (289-294)/1987/ Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) provides an effective method of achieving pregnancy in infertile women with normal fallopian tubes. Laparoscopic approach to ovum pickup and tubal catheterization provides a simple and rapid means of performing the operation. Equipment used to facilitate this process is described, and techniques of tubal catheterization are discussed. A clinical pregnancy rate of 27% is reported in a series of 71 treatment cycles. The application of GIFT in conjunction with in vitro fertilization is discussed, especially the use of excess gametes to provide embryos for freezing. The use of GIFT as a research and investigative tool may provide further insight into the causes for idiopathic infertility. ln vitro fertilization: Determination of follicular maturation for timing of human chorionic gonadotropin administration Casper RF; Armstrong DT; Brown SE; et al
Medical Research Council Group in Reproductive Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada FERTIL. STERIL.; 47/2 (345-349)/1987/ Hyperstimulation protocols for IVF require critical timing of hCC administration to complete follicular maturation. We studied 170 IVF cycles in 142 patients and retrospectively compared ultrasound and endocrine parameters in pregnancy cycles and spontaneous LH surge cycles with nonpregnancy, non-LH surge cycles. Twenty-six of the 170 cycles resulted in a pregnancy (15.2070). Oocytes were recovered from 27 of 31 cycles in which a spontaneous LH surge occurred, and 9 of these cycles produced a pregnancy (33%). Follicule number and serum E, on the day of ultrasound (cycle day 12 or 13) was lower in the LH surge group and pregnancy group than in the nonpregnant, non-LH surge group. In contrast, on the day of hCG administration or LH surge, serum Esub 2 concentration per follicle > 1 cm in diameter was higher in
163
the combined LH surge/pregnancy group (1219 pmol/i) than in the nonpregnancy/non-LH surge group (932 pmol/l). Our data suggest that it may be possible to individualize hCG administration at midcycle by determining the number of follicles > 1 cm by ultrasound on cycle day 12 or 13 and giving hCG when serum Ez levels reach 1100 to 1200 pmol/l per follicle.
Transmission of hepatitis B virus by artificial insemination Berry WR; Gottesfeld RL; Alter HJ; Vierling JM
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA J. AM. MED. ASSOC.; 257/8 (1079-1081)/1987/ Although the capacity for transmission of hepatitis B infection by semen is well recognized, the potential for transmission by artificial insemination remains theoretical. Currently, screening of semen donors for hepatitis B virus infection is not standard practice. We saw a case of acute viral hepatitis B in a woman following artificial insemination with semen from a donor subsequently found to be positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Both the donor serum and semen contained HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen, and the HBsAg subtype was identical to that of the patient. Documentation of hepatitis B virus transmission by artificial insemination indicates that HBsAg screening of semen donors should be routine practice.
Interleukin-1: A possible role in the infertility associated with endometriosis Fakih H; Baggett B; Holtz G; et al
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA FERTIL. STERIL.; 47/2 (213-217)/1987/ of activated macrophages are Increased numbers associated with mild endometriosis. Interleukin-1 (IL-l) is a protein produced by macrophages and is believed to be a IL-l induces responses. of host mediator primary prostaglandin and fibrinogen synthesis and stimulates fibroblast proliferation. This study was undertaken to evaluate the role of IL-l in the infertility associated with mild endometriosis. Peritoneal fluid (PF) was obtained at laparoscopy from 11 patients with minimal or mild endometriosis and from 7 women undergoing tubal ligation. Peritoneal macrophages were isolated and cultured for 24 hours. Peritoneal and macrophage culture fluids were studied for IL-l activity, which was measured with the EL-4 assay. IL-l activity was present in the PF of 10 of the 11 patients with endometriosis and 11 of the 11 macrophage culture fluids and was absent in the PF and macrophage culture fluid of the tubal ligation patients. The effect of recombinant alpha-IL-l on the in vitro growth of 2-cell mouse embryos was also studied. IL-l in concentrations similar to those present in the PF (> 1 U/ml) was toxic to mouse embryo development. We conclude the IL-1 may play a role in the infertility associated with endometriosis.
Int J Gynecol Obstet 26