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Kinetics of silver nanoparticle biosynthesis: a comparative study in whole cell systems with growing cell systems
New Biotechnology · Volume 25S · September 2009
approach will therefore contribute to innovate process development of biopharmaceutical products. doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.143
2.6.038 Kinetics of silver nanoparticle biosynthesis: a comparative study in whole cell systems with growing cell systems P.T.P. Nair IIT Madras, Chennai, India
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a very strong alternative for other methods of synthesis mainly due to its environmental friendly approach. It requires mild experimental conditions which can be varied easily to synthesize nanoparticles of desired properties. In this study, we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Fusarium oxysporum in the growing cell and in the whole cell systems. Both extracellular and intracellular formation of nanoparticles were analyzed in each case by varying the initial concentration of the silver ions (between 1 mM and 10 mM for whole cell systems and between 0.1 mM and 1 mM for growing cell systems). The kinetics of the reaction was studied with UV visible spectroscopy. The size and shape of the nanoparticles were characterized by TEM analysis. TEM images showed that the silver nanoparticles were crystalline and fairly monodispersed in the case of whole cell systems and polydispersed in the other case. The size of the nanoparticle ranges between 25 nm and 50 nm. An attempt has been made to suggest a mechanism for silver nanoparticle formation in the above cases.
ABSTRACTS
was detected by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay using human Caco-2 colon adenocarcinoma cell. Effect of tempeh on anti-coloncancer was evaluated in SD rats. After inducing ACF by 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Dihydrochloride (DMH), rats were gavaged with either soybean or tempeh at a daily dosage of 300 mg/kg BW or 600 mg/kg BW for 12 weeks. At the end of experiment, colons were collected and analyzed for cecal microbiota, cecal pH, short chain fatty acid composition, ACF formation and crypt multiplicity; on the other hand, blood biochemical parameters and live antioxidant activity were determined as well. The results of this study showed that water extract of tempeh could inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes and caco-2 cell. Oral administration of soybean or tempeh did change body weights and food intakes of SD rats. Both soybean and tempeh could decrease the number of C. perfringens in cecal content compared to the control group. SD rat gavaged with 300 mg soybean/kg BW could increase superoxide dismutase activity; however, this phenomenon did not appear in the rats fed with equal dosage of tempeh. Both soybean and tempeh significantly reduced the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colon of DMH-treated rat (p < 0.05). Oral administration of 300 mg/kg BW soybean or 600 mg/kg BW tempeh could reduce 50% of total number of ACF. Especially, daily intake 600 mg tempeh/kg BW could reduce number of ACF which was composed by more than 4 crypts. These results suggested that soybean and tempeh supplementations may be beneficial to inhibit colon cancer by elevating the SOD activity in liver tissue or lowering -glucuronidase activity in cecal. doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.145
2.6.040
doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.144
2.6.039
Efficacy of bioimmobilization of selected oenological Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for ethanol biofuel production T. Garcia-Martinez ∗ , R.A. Peinado, J.J. Moreno, J.C. Mauricio
Effect of tempeh on the intestinal microbiota and colon cancer in rats C.K. Hsu 1,∗ , Y.P. Yu 2 , Y.C. Chung 2 1
2
Asia University, Wufeng Shiang, Taichung, Taiwan Providence University, Sha-Lu, Taiwan
Tempeh is a traditional fermentative food in Indonesia. The bio-functions of tempeh include anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial activities, as well as cholesterol lowering ability. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity toward mammalian cancer cell of the water extract from tempeh. Furthermore, the effect of the extract on the alteration of cecal microbiota and the inhibitory effect on the precancerous colon lesions (aberrant crypt foci, ACF) in male SD (Sprague Dawley) rats were assessed. The paper disc diffusion test was performed to assess the effect of the water extract from tempeh on the growth of pathogenic bacteria, including Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listera monocytogenes, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Escherichia coli. Cytotoxicity
Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
Two osmo-ethanol-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains have been isolated from natural stressing media (X5 strain from must of dried grape and G1 strain from biologically aged wine) and later bioimmobilized. To evaluate the impact of high sugar media on selected yeast strains, cellular growth, fermentation kinetic, and ethanol production were analysed. The medium used to test the ethanol production containing from 25% to 45% (w/v) of glucose. Two yeast strains exhausted the sugar in media containing 25% and 30% of glucose. Only X5 exhausted the glucose in media containing 35%, reaching an ethanol concentration around 20% (v/v). Penicillium chrysogenum has been used to immobilize Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the absence of physico-chemical external supports. The method consists in reproducing conditions that are adequate for a forced symbiosis: a carbon source (gluconic acid) that can only be used by the filamentous fungus, buffered medium and constant agitation. In this way, hollow
www.elsevier.com/locate/nbt S205
approach will therefore contribute to innovate process development of biopharmaceutical products. doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.143
2.6.038 Kinetics of silver nanoparticle biosynthesis: a comparative study in whole cell systems with growing cell systems P.T.P. Nair IIT Madras, Chennai, India
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a very strong alternative for other methods of synthesis mainly due to its environmental friendly approach. It requires mild experimental conditions which can be varied easily to synthesize nanoparticles of desired properties. In this study, we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Fusarium oxysporum in the growing cell and in the whole cell systems. Both extracellular and intracellular formation of nanoparticles were analyzed in each case by varying the initial concentration of the silver ions (between 1 mM and 10 mM for whole cell systems and between 0.1 mM and 1 mM for growing cell systems). The kinetics of the reaction was studied with UV visible spectroscopy. The size and shape of the nanoparticles were characterized by TEM analysis. TEM images showed that the silver nanoparticles were crystalline and fairly monodispersed in the case of whole cell systems and polydispersed in the other case. The size of the nanoparticle ranges between 25 nm and 50 nm. An attempt has been made to suggest a mechanism for silver nanoparticle formation in the above cases.
ABSTRACTS
was detected by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay using human Caco-2 colon adenocarcinoma cell. Effect of tempeh on anti-coloncancer was evaluated in SD rats. After inducing ACF by 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Dihydrochloride (DMH), rats were gavaged with either soybean or tempeh at a daily dosage of 300 mg/kg BW or 600 mg/kg BW for 12 weeks. At the end of experiment, colons were collected and analyzed for cecal microbiota, cecal pH, short chain fatty acid composition, ACF formation and crypt multiplicity; on the other hand, blood biochemical parameters and live antioxidant activity were determined as well. The results of this study showed that water extract of tempeh could inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes and caco-2 cell. Oral administration of soybean or tempeh did change body weights and food intakes of SD rats. Both soybean and tempeh could decrease the number of C. perfringens in cecal content compared to the control group. SD rat gavaged with 300 mg soybean/kg BW could increase superoxide dismutase activity; however, this phenomenon did not appear in the rats fed with equal dosage of tempeh. Both soybean and tempeh significantly reduced the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colon of DMH-treated rat (p < 0.05). Oral administration of 300 mg/kg BW soybean or 600 mg/kg BW tempeh could reduce 50% of total number of ACF. Especially, daily intake 600 mg tempeh/kg BW could reduce number of ACF which was composed by more than 4 crypts. These results suggested that soybean and tempeh supplementations may be beneficial to inhibit colon cancer by elevating the SOD activity in liver tissue or lowering -glucuronidase activity in cecal. doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.145
2.6.040
doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.144
2.6.039
Efficacy of bioimmobilization of selected oenological Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for ethanol biofuel production T. Garcia-Martinez ∗ , R.A. Peinado, J.J. Moreno, J.C. Mauricio
Effect of tempeh on the intestinal microbiota and colon cancer in rats C.K. Hsu 1,∗ , Y.P. Yu 2 , Y.C. Chung 2 1
2
Asia University, Wufeng Shiang, Taichung, Taiwan Providence University, Sha-Lu, Taiwan
Tempeh is a traditional fermentative food in Indonesia. The bio-functions of tempeh include anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial activities, as well as cholesterol lowering ability. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity toward mammalian cancer cell of the water extract from tempeh. Furthermore, the effect of the extract on the alteration of cecal microbiota and the inhibitory effect on the precancerous colon lesions (aberrant crypt foci, ACF) in male SD (Sprague Dawley) rats were assessed. The paper disc diffusion test was performed to assess the effect of the water extract from tempeh on the growth of pathogenic bacteria, including Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listera monocytogenes, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Escherichia coli. Cytotoxicity
Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
Two osmo-ethanol-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains have been isolated from natural stressing media (X5 strain from must of dried grape and G1 strain from biologically aged wine) and later bioimmobilized. To evaluate the impact of high sugar media on selected yeast strains, cellular growth, fermentation kinetic, and ethanol production were analysed. The medium used to test the ethanol production containing from 25% to 45% (w/v) of glucose. Two yeast strains exhausted the sugar in media containing 25% and 30% of glucose. Only X5 exhausted the glucose in media containing 35%, reaching an ethanol concentration around 20% (v/v). Penicillium chrysogenum has been used to immobilize Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the absence of physico-chemical external supports. The method consists in reproducing conditions that are adequate for a forced symbiosis: a carbon source (gluconic acid) that can only be used by the filamentous fungus, buffered medium and constant agitation. In this way, hollow
www.elsevier.com/locate/nbt S205