- Email: [email protected]
Light output measurements of C6H6 and C6H12 scintillators for protons
s.__ 9 FKl
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 356 (1995) 330-333
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS 8 METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH Secmn A
ELSEVIER
Light output measurements of C,H, for protons
and C,H,,
scintillators
A.A. Naqvi *, M.M. Nagadi, S. Shaheen ‘, Abdul Bari ’ Energy Research Laboratory, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
Received 21 July 1994; revised form received 26 September 1994 Abstract Light output of C,H, and C,H,, proton scintillators has been measured for neutrons using a 24’Am-Be source. In these measurements the energy of the neutrons (recoil protons) was measured using time-of-flight technique. The light output of the C,H, scintillator was measured for seven proton energies ranging from 2.185 to 4.236 MeV while that of the C6H,, scintillator was measured for eight neutron energies ranging from 2.201 to 5.147 MeV. The measured light output data of the C,H, scintillator is in good agreement with the published data. Additionally the proton and deuteron response ratio of a C,D, scintillator identical in shape and size was derived from these measurements. The response ratio of the C,D, scintillator agrees with the published data.
1. Introduction The use of C,D, and C,D,, scintillators in neutrondeuteron breakup studies [I-S] requires detailed knowledge of the response of the scintillator both to deuterons and protons. C,H, and C,H,2 scintillators of identical sizes and shapes are used to measure the proton response of the deuteron scintillators. Generally the proton response measurement of a deuteron scintillator requires two separate response function measurements of identical deuteron and proton scintillators [3-41. However Tornow et al. [5] have measured the proton response of a deuteron scintillator in a neutron elastic scattering experiment using a scintillation target containing a mixture of deuteron and proton scintillation liquid. In order to carry out neutrondeutron break-up experiments at Energy Research Laboratory (ERL), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, it was desired to measure the proton and deuteron response of a 50 mm diameter C,D, scintillator. In this regard the deuteron response of a 50 mm diameter C,D, scintillator has already been measured and reported elsewhere [8]. Now the proton response of a C,H, scintillator of precisely equal shape and size has been measured to deduce the proton response of the C,D, scintillator [8].
* Corresponding author. ’ Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ’ Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. 0168-9002/9.5/$09.50 0 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDI 0168-9002(94)01209-l
Also the proton response of a C,H,2 scintillator has been measured for the sake of comparison. In this paper we report the results on proton response of the C,H, and C,H ,? scintillators.
2. Experimental 2.1. C,H,
and C,H,,
scintillators
The C,H, and C,H,, scintillators were fabricated locally at ERL by mixing the benzene (C,H,) and cyclohexane (C6H12) liquid with scintillation agent flour alloy TLA. The benzene and cyclohexane liquid were supplied by BDH Limited, Poole, England. The flour alloy TLA was purchased from Beckman Instruments Inc., California, USA. Each scintillator was prepared by mixing 100 ml volume of the liquid with 0.8 g of the scintillation agent. In the case of the benzene, scintillation agent completely dissolved while in the case of the cyclohexane it did not completely dissolve. Therefore a saturated solution of the cyclohexane and the scintillation agent was prepared by shaking at room temperature. Each scintillator was filled in the same 50 mm X 50 mm (diameter X height) bubble free cylindrical aluminum cell prior to its tests. The cell was coupled to a fast THORN-EM1 photomultiplier tube model 9815B. 2.2. Light output measurements The light output of the C,H, and C H,, scintillators for protons was measured using a ‘4PAm-Be neutron
331
A.A. Naqvi et al. /Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A 356 (1995) 330-333
source. The scintillators light output for protons was normalized with respect to their light output for electrons. The light output of the C,H, and C,H,* scintillators for electrons was measured by acquiring scintillator Compton recoil spectra for “Na, r3’Cs, 54Mn and 65Zn monoenergetic gamma ray sources. Also a precise measurement of the light output of the C,H, and C,H,, scintillators was carried out using gamma-gamma coincidence technique described elsewhere [9-lo]. The results of electron light output measurements of the C,H, and C,H,a scintillators are described elsewhere in details [ll]. The light output of the C,H, and C,H,, scintillators for monoenergetic neutrons was measured using the procedure described in Refs. [12-141. The monoenergetic neutrons were selected by choosing a four-channel wide gate on the TOF spectrum of the 241Am-Be neutrons source. The TOF spectrum was generated using the C,H, or C,H,, scintillator as a start detector and a 50 mm X 50 mm (height X diameter) NE213 detector as a stop detector. The stop detector was placed very close to the source while the start was placed at a distance of 36-41 cm from the source. For each event detected by the C,H,/C,H,, scintillator, time-of-flight and pulse height signals were acquired event by event. The experiment was continued over a period of about 600 h using a 0.35 Ci 241Am-Be neutron source. In total, 4 X lo6 events were stored for each scintillator and were subsequently analyzed off-line. In order to accommodate different energy ranges within the pulse height spectrum, the pulse height spectra were acquired at different gain settings of the pulse height amplifier. In the off-line analysis, the pulse height corresponding to each of the four-channel wide gate on the TOF was sorted out and the channel corresponding to the half-height of the proton recoil edge was determined. The finite width of the gate resulted in an uncertainty of about 2% in the mean neutron energies.
3. Results and discussion The light output of the C,H, detector was measured for seven proton energies ranging from 2.185 to 4.236 MeV energies and is listed under present data in Table 1. For the sake of comparison the data of Kecskemeti et al. [6] for a C,H, detector has also been included in Table 1. The light output of the C,H,, scintillator was measured for eight proton energies over 2.201 to 5.147 MeV neutron energies and is listed in Table 2. Comparison of the response data of the C,H, and C,H,, detectors reveals that the C,H,, scintillator has smaller electron light output than the C,H, scintillator. The difference in electron light output for both detectors increases as the proton energy increases. For 2 MeV protons the electron light output of the C,H,, is 14% smaller than that of the C,H, while at 4 MeV proton energy it is smaller by 27%. The difference in electron light output of the two scintillators may be due to
Table 1 Response function data of 50 mm diameter C,H, Proton energy
scintillator
Electron Energy [MeV]
&VI
Present work
Kecskemeti
2.185 kO.013 2.405 kO.015 2.661 kO.017 2.961+ 0.020 3.313 f 0.024 3.732 + 0.029 4.236 + 0.035
0.613+0.010 0.668 + 0.010 0.817 + 0.020 0.918 + 0.020 1.097 + 0.020 1.297 f 0.030 1.509 + 0.030
0.626 0.729 0.847 0.982 1.138 1.317 1.525
et al. [6]
Table 2 Response function data of 50 mm diameter C,H,,
scintillator
Proton energy [MeV]
Electron energy [MeV]
2.201+ 0.022 2.436 & 0.026 2.710 f 0.031 3.034 + 0.037 3.420 f 0.045 3.884 f 0.056 4.449 + 0.066 5.147kO.082
0.513 +0.016 0.580 + 0.026 0.635 + 0.010 0.736 + 0.017 0.840 f 0.016 1.021+ 0.030 1.155 f 0.028 1.317f0.020
incomplete hexane
solubility
(C,H,,)
of the scintillation
agent
in the cyclo-
scintillator.
The response function of the C,H, and C,H,, tors were fitted with second degree polynomials form:
E,(MeV)
detecof the
= a + bE, + c( E,)‘,
where E, is the energy of the recoiling proton and a, 6 and c are the coefficients determined from the least square fit to the response function data listed in Tables 1 and 2. The values of the u, b and c coefficients are listed in Table 3, Also included in the table are the values of the coefficients of fit to response function data of an identical C,D, scintillator taken from Ref. [8]. The coefficients c for both the C,H, and C,H,, scintillators have very small values hence indicating that the coefficient b mainly determines the energy dependence of the response curves of the scintillators. The value of the coefficient b for the C,H,, scintillator is 13% smaller than that of the C,H, scintilla-
Table 3 Coefficients of polynomial fit to proton response data of the C,H, and the C,H,a scintillators together with those for the deuteron response data of a C,D, scintillator taken from Ref. [S] Scintillators
a
b
c
G% C&r, C, D, 181
- 0.288 -0.192 - 0.305
0.383 0.332 0.340
0.010 - 0.007 0.002
332
A.A. Naqui et al. / Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A 356 (I 995) 330-333
tor indicating less light output of the C,H,, scintillator. The coefficient a for the C,H, scintillator has 33% higher value than that of the C,H,, scintillator. Fig. 1 shows the ERL C,H, and C,H,, scintillators data plotted along with the Kecskemeti et al. data [6]. The solid line represents the data of Kecskemeti et al. The light output data of the C,H, scintillator agrees within l-8% with those reported by Kecskemeti et al. [6]. In order to derive the proton response of an identical C,D, scintillator, whose deuteron response function was measured earlier [8], the response function of the C,H, scintillator was compared with that of the C,D, scintillator. As shown in Table 3, the value of the coefficients b of the fit to response function of the C,D, scintillator is 11% smaller than that of the C,H, scintillator. However, the value of the coefficient a of the C,D, scintillator is 6% higher than that of the C,H, scintillator. Since the coefficient b mainly determines the response function value, one expects a smaller electron light output energies for the C,D, scintillator as compared to the C,H, scintillator. This is clear from Fig. 2 where the response functions of the C,H, and C,D, scintillators [8] are plotted together.
1.5 -
0
C6H6
.
C6D6
z E
l.O-
6 z : f? L ii ‘u w 0.5 -
0.04 1
I
1
2 Recoil
Fig. 2. Response
functions
.
I
.
3 Particle
of C,H,
I
.
,
4 Energy
5
,
6
(MeV)
scintillator
along with re-
sponse function of an identical C,D, scintillator taken from Ref.
[81.
Finally an attempt was made to calculate the proton light output and deuteron light output of a scintillator using the specific energy loss equation [3]. According to Tomow et al. [3] the proton light output L, and deuteron light output L, of a deuteron scintillator are related by the expression: 2L,( E) = I&=),
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5 Prolon
4.0 Energy
4.5
5.0
5.5
t
(MeV)
Fig. 1. Response functions of C,H, and C,H,, scintillators with data of Kecskemeti et al. [6] shown as solid line.
along
where E is the energy of the particle. This means the electron light output of the C,H, proton scintillator for protons energy E should be half of the electron light output of the C,D, deuteron scintillator for deuterons with energy 2E. In order to verify this the proton and deuteron light output ratio R of the C,H, and C,D, scintillators, where R = L,(E)/L,(2E), was calculated from the response data of both the C,H, and the C,D, scintillator. The calculated values of R over 2-5 MeV energies vary from 0.48 f 0.05 to 0.56 f 0.05. Compared to the R = 0.5 value reported by Tornow et al. [3], the value of R measured in the present work agrees within 4-12% with that of Tomow et al. [3]. This study has provided useful data on the proton response function of the ERL C,H,, C,H,, and C,D, scintillators.
A.A. Naqoi et al. / Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Rex A 356 (199.5) 330-333
Acknowledgement This work is part of a KFUPM/RI project ERL supported by the Research Institute of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals.
[5] B. Zeitnitz, R. Maschuw, [6] [7] [8]
References [9] [l] CR. Howell, W. Tornow, H.G. Pfutzner, Anli, M.L. Roberts, K. Murphy, P.d. F&her, G.W. Weisel, A. Naqvi, R.L. Watter, J.M. Lambert, P.A. Tread0 and I. Slaus, Nucl. Instr. and Meth A 290 (1990) 424. [Z] C.R. Howell, I. Slaus, W. Tomow, P.A. Treado, J.M. Lambert, A. Naqvi and R. Walter, The Three-Body Force in the Three-Nucleon System, Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 260 (1987) 229-232. [3] W. Tomow, W. Arnold, J. Herdtweek and G. Merten, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 244 (1986) 477. [4] E. Bovet, P. Boschung and J. Rossel; Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 101 (1972) 315.
[lo] [ll]
[ 121
[13] [14]
333
P. Suhr, W. Ebenhoh, J. Bruinsma
and J. Stuivenberg, Nucl. Phys. A 231 (1974) 13. J. Kecskemeti, T. Czibok and B. Zeitnitz, Nucl. Phys. A 254 (1975) 110. W. Bertl, W. Breunlich, A. Chalupka and S. Tagesen, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 104 (1972) 205. A.A. Naqvi, M.A. Al-Ohali, M.M. Nagadi and Abdul Bari, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 353 (1994) 156. A.A. Naqvi, H.A. Al-Juwair and K. Gul, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 306 (1991) 267. A.A. Naqvi, F.Z. Khiari, A. Aksoy, A. Coban and M.A. Al-Jalal, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 324 (1993) 223. A.A. Naqvi, M.M. Nagadi, S. Shaheen and Abdul Bari, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A (to be published). A.A. Naqvi, A. Aksoy, F.Z. Khiari, A. Coban, M.M. Nagadi, M.A. Al-Ohali and M.A. Al-Jalal, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 345 (1994) 514. A.A. Naqvi, F.Z. Khiari, A. Aksoy, A. Coban and M.A. Al-Jalal, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 325 (1993) 574. K. Gul, A.A. Naqvi and H.A. Al-Juwair, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 278 (1989) 470.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 356 (1995) 330-333
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS 8 METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH Secmn A
ELSEVIER
Light output measurements of C,H, for protons
and C,H,,
scintillators
A.A. Naqvi *, M.M. Nagadi, S. Shaheen ‘, Abdul Bari ’ Energy Research Laboratory, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
Received 21 July 1994; revised form received 26 September 1994 Abstract Light output of C,H, and C,H,, proton scintillators has been measured for neutrons using a 24’Am-Be source. In these measurements the energy of the neutrons (recoil protons) was measured using time-of-flight technique. The light output of the C,H, scintillator was measured for seven proton energies ranging from 2.185 to 4.236 MeV while that of the C6H,, scintillator was measured for eight neutron energies ranging from 2.201 to 5.147 MeV. The measured light output data of the C,H, scintillator is in good agreement with the published data. Additionally the proton and deuteron response ratio of a C,D, scintillator identical in shape and size was derived from these measurements. The response ratio of the C,D, scintillator agrees with the published data.
1. Introduction The use of C,D, and C,D,, scintillators in neutrondeuteron breakup studies [I-S] requires detailed knowledge of the response of the scintillator both to deuterons and protons. C,H, and C,H,2 scintillators of identical sizes and shapes are used to measure the proton response of the deuteron scintillators. Generally the proton response measurement of a deuteron scintillator requires two separate response function measurements of identical deuteron and proton scintillators [3-41. However Tornow et al. [5] have measured the proton response of a deuteron scintillator in a neutron elastic scattering experiment using a scintillation target containing a mixture of deuteron and proton scintillation liquid. In order to carry out neutrondeutron break-up experiments at Energy Research Laboratory (ERL), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, it was desired to measure the proton and deuteron response of a 50 mm diameter C,D, scintillator. In this regard the deuteron response of a 50 mm diameter C,D, scintillator has already been measured and reported elsewhere [8]. Now the proton response of a C,H, scintillator of precisely equal shape and size has been measured to deduce the proton response of the C,D, scintillator [8].
* Corresponding author. ’ Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ’ Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. 0168-9002/9.5/$09.50 0 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDI 0168-9002(94)01209-l
Also the proton response of a C,H,2 scintillator has been measured for the sake of comparison. In this paper we report the results on proton response of the C,H, and C,H ,? scintillators.
2. Experimental 2.1. C,H,
and C,H,,
scintillators
The C,H, and C,H,, scintillators were fabricated locally at ERL by mixing the benzene (C,H,) and cyclohexane (C6H12) liquid with scintillation agent flour alloy TLA. The benzene and cyclohexane liquid were supplied by BDH Limited, Poole, England. The flour alloy TLA was purchased from Beckman Instruments Inc., California, USA. Each scintillator was prepared by mixing 100 ml volume of the liquid with 0.8 g of the scintillation agent. In the case of the benzene, scintillation agent completely dissolved while in the case of the cyclohexane it did not completely dissolve. Therefore a saturated solution of the cyclohexane and the scintillation agent was prepared by shaking at room temperature. Each scintillator was filled in the same 50 mm X 50 mm (diameter X height) bubble free cylindrical aluminum cell prior to its tests. The cell was coupled to a fast THORN-EM1 photomultiplier tube model 9815B. 2.2. Light output measurements The light output of the C,H, and C H,, scintillators for protons was measured using a ‘4PAm-Be neutron
331
A.A. Naqvi et al. /Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A 356 (1995) 330-333
source. The scintillators light output for protons was normalized with respect to their light output for electrons. The light output of the C,H, and C,H,* scintillators for electrons was measured by acquiring scintillator Compton recoil spectra for “Na, r3’Cs, 54Mn and 65Zn monoenergetic gamma ray sources. Also a precise measurement of the light output of the C,H, and C,H,, scintillators was carried out using gamma-gamma coincidence technique described elsewhere [9-lo]. The results of electron light output measurements of the C,H, and C,H,a scintillators are described elsewhere in details [ll]. The light output of the C,H, and C,H,, scintillators for monoenergetic neutrons was measured using the procedure described in Refs. [12-141. The monoenergetic neutrons were selected by choosing a four-channel wide gate on the TOF spectrum of the 241Am-Be neutrons source. The TOF spectrum was generated using the C,H, or C,H,, scintillator as a start detector and a 50 mm X 50 mm (height X diameter) NE213 detector as a stop detector. The stop detector was placed very close to the source while the start was placed at a distance of 36-41 cm from the source. For each event detected by the C,H,/C,H,, scintillator, time-of-flight and pulse height signals were acquired event by event. The experiment was continued over a period of about 600 h using a 0.35 Ci 241Am-Be neutron source. In total, 4 X lo6 events were stored for each scintillator and were subsequently analyzed off-line. In order to accommodate different energy ranges within the pulse height spectrum, the pulse height spectra were acquired at different gain settings of the pulse height amplifier. In the off-line analysis, the pulse height corresponding to each of the four-channel wide gate on the TOF was sorted out and the channel corresponding to the half-height of the proton recoil edge was determined. The finite width of the gate resulted in an uncertainty of about 2% in the mean neutron energies.
3. Results and discussion The light output of the C,H, detector was measured for seven proton energies ranging from 2.185 to 4.236 MeV energies and is listed under present data in Table 1. For the sake of comparison the data of Kecskemeti et al. [6] for a C,H, detector has also been included in Table 1. The light output of the C,H,, scintillator was measured for eight proton energies over 2.201 to 5.147 MeV neutron energies and is listed in Table 2. Comparison of the response data of the C,H, and C,H,, detectors reveals that the C,H,, scintillator has smaller electron light output than the C,H, scintillator. The difference in electron light output for both detectors increases as the proton energy increases. For 2 MeV protons the electron light output of the C,H,, is 14% smaller than that of the C,H, while at 4 MeV proton energy it is smaller by 27%. The difference in electron light output of the two scintillators may be due to
Table 1 Response function data of 50 mm diameter C,H, Proton energy
scintillator
Electron Energy [MeV]
&VI
Present work
Kecskemeti
2.185 kO.013 2.405 kO.015 2.661 kO.017 2.961+ 0.020 3.313 f 0.024 3.732 + 0.029 4.236 + 0.035
0.613+0.010 0.668 + 0.010 0.817 + 0.020 0.918 + 0.020 1.097 + 0.020 1.297 f 0.030 1.509 + 0.030
0.626 0.729 0.847 0.982 1.138 1.317 1.525
et al. [6]
Table 2 Response function data of 50 mm diameter C,H,,
scintillator
Proton energy [MeV]
Electron energy [MeV]
2.201+ 0.022 2.436 & 0.026 2.710 f 0.031 3.034 + 0.037 3.420 f 0.045 3.884 f 0.056 4.449 + 0.066 5.147kO.082
0.513 +0.016 0.580 + 0.026 0.635 + 0.010 0.736 + 0.017 0.840 f 0.016 1.021+ 0.030 1.155 f 0.028 1.317f0.020
incomplete hexane
solubility
(C,H,,)
of the scintillation
agent
in the cyclo-
scintillator.
The response function of the C,H, and C,H,, tors were fitted with second degree polynomials form:
E,(MeV)
detecof the
= a + bE, + c( E,)‘,
where E, is the energy of the recoiling proton and a, 6 and c are the coefficients determined from the least square fit to the response function data listed in Tables 1 and 2. The values of the u, b and c coefficients are listed in Table 3, Also included in the table are the values of the coefficients of fit to response function data of an identical C,D, scintillator taken from Ref. [8]. The coefficients c for both the C,H, and C,H,, scintillators have very small values hence indicating that the coefficient b mainly determines the energy dependence of the response curves of the scintillators. The value of the coefficient b for the C,H,, scintillator is 13% smaller than that of the C,H, scintilla-
Table 3 Coefficients of polynomial fit to proton response data of the C,H, and the C,H,a scintillators together with those for the deuteron response data of a C,D, scintillator taken from Ref. [S] Scintillators
a
b
c
G% C&r, C, D, 181
- 0.288 -0.192 - 0.305
0.383 0.332 0.340
0.010 - 0.007 0.002
332
A.A. Naqui et al. / Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A 356 (I 995) 330-333
tor indicating less light output of the C,H,, scintillator. The coefficient a for the C,H, scintillator has 33% higher value than that of the C,H,, scintillator. Fig. 1 shows the ERL C,H, and C,H,, scintillators data plotted along with the Kecskemeti et al. data [6]. The solid line represents the data of Kecskemeti et al. The light output data of the C,H, scintillator agrees within l-8% with those reported by Kecskemeti et al. [6]. In order to derive the proton response of an identical C,D, scintillator, whose deuteron response function was measured earlier [8], the response function of the C,H, scintillator was compared with that of the C,D, scintillator. As shown in Table 3, the value of the coefficients b of the fit to response function of the C,D, scintillator is 11% smaller than that of the C,H, scintillator. However, the value of the coefficient a of the C,D, scintillator is 6% higher than that of the C,H, scintillator. Since the coefficient b mainly determines the response function value, one expects a smaller electron light output energies for the C,D, scintillator as compared to the C,H, scintillator. This is clear from Fig. 2 where the response functions of the C,H, and C,D, scintillators [8] are plotted together.
1.5 -
0
C6H6
.
C6D6
z E
l.O-
6 z : f? L ii ‘u w 0.5 -
0.04 1
I
1
2 Recoil
Fig. 2. Response
functions
.
I
.
3 Particle
of C,H,
I
.
,
4 Energy
5
,
6
(MeV)
scintillator
along with re-
sponse function of an identical C,D, scintillator taken from Ref.
[81.
Finally an attempt was made to calculate the proton light output and deuteron light output of a scintillator using the specific energy loss equation [3]. According to Tomow et al. [3] the proton light output L, and deuteron light output L, of a deuteron scintillator are related by the expression: 2L,( E) = I&=),
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5 Prolon
4.0 Energy
4.5
5.0
5.5
t
(MeV)
Fig. 1. Response functions of C,H, and C,H,, scintillators with data of Kecskemeti et al. [6] shown as solid line.
along
where E is the energy of the particle. This means the electron light output of the C,H, proton scintillator for protons energy E should be half of the electron light output of the C,D, deuteron scintillator for deuterons with energy 2E. In order to verify this the proton and deuteron light output ratio R of the C,H, and C,D, scintillators, where R = L,(E)/L,(2E), was calculated from the response data of both the C,H, and the C,D, scintillator. The calculated values of R over 2-5 MeV energies vary from 0.48 f 0.05 to 0.56 f 0.05. Compared to the R = 0.5 value reported by Tornow et al. [3], the value of R measured in the present work agrees within 4-12% with that of Tomow et al. [3]. This study has provided useful data on the proton response function of the ERL C,H,, C,H,, and C,D, scintillators.
A.A. Naqoi et al. / Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Rex A 356 (199.5) 330-333
Acknowledgement This work is part of a KFUPM/RI project ERL supported by the Research Institute of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals.
[5] B. Zeitnitz, R. Maschuw, [6] [7] [8]
References [9] [l] CR. Howell, W. Tornow, H.G. Pfutzner, Anli, M.L. Roberts, K. Murphy, P.d. F&her, G.W. Weisel, A. Naqvi, R.L. Watter, J.M. Lambert, P.A. Tread0 and I. Slaus, Nucl. Instr. and Meth A 290 (1990) 424. [Z] C.R. Howell, I. Slaus, W. Tomow, P.A. Treado, J.M. Lambert, A. Naqvi and R. Walter, The Three-Body Force in the Three-Nucleon System, Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 260 (1987) 229-232. [3] W. Tomow, W. Arnold, J. Herdtweek and G. Merten, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 244 (1986) 477. [4] E. Bovet, P. Boschung and J. Rossel; Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 101 (1972) 315.
[lo] [ll]
[ 121
[13] [14]
333
P. Suhr, W. Ebenhoh, J. Bruinsma
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