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Malignant teratoma of the greater omentum
950
histochemical analyses of both N-myc and rus p21 expression are useful in predicting prognosis for patients with neuroblastoma.Takeshi Miyano Augmentation of the Chemoimmunotherapeutic Effects on Neuroblastoma by Iron Chelator Desferoxamine. Y. Wukizaka, Y Hata, and J. Uchino. J Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:789-792, (June),
1993. The authors investigated the therapeutic effects of a combination of the iron chelator desferoxamine (DFO), with cyclophosphamide (CY) chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) on Neuro-2A neuroblastoma in A/J mice. Although no significant therapeutic effects were produced by CY alone or rIL-2 alone, DFO plus CY and/or rIL-2 did produce significant therapeutic effects, such as a decreased mortality rate and prolongation of survival. In addition, the authors examined the distribution of ferritin in Neuro-2A tumor tissue. They observed that ferritin-distribution in tumor tissue was 4.80 g/g in untreated mice and 1.70 g/g in mice to which DFO was administered in combination with CY and rIL-2. These findings indicate that the therapeutic effects of chemoimmunotherapy on neuroblastoma depend on the distribution of ferritin in tumor tissue and are augmented by the iron chelator DFO.-Takeshi Miyuno Immunosuppressive Factor Produced by Neuroblastoma Cell Line GOTO. &ii&i Yaoita, et al. J Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:1092-
1101, (October), 1993. Immunosuppressive activity was found in the supernatant of neuroblastoma cell line GOTO, and this activity was lost by dialysis. On gel-filtration columns, this activity was found as a single peak at the fractions corresponding to MW 40,000. Further purification was achieved by anion-exchange chromatography on a Mono Q column at pH 7.4. From this column, the suppressive activity was eluted at 0.4 M NaCI. The effect of antihuman transforming growth factor antibody and antihuman immunosuppressive acidic protein antibody were tested, and the immunosuppressive activity was not neutralized by these antibodies. The effects of this factor demonstrated in the present study were as follows: (1) potent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of lymphocytes stimulated by mitogens and IL-2; (2) potent inhibitory effect on the presence of lymphokine activated killer (LAK); and (3) inhibitory effect on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by mitogens. Lymphocyte surface marker modulation was not affected by this factor. Because the immunosuppressive activity similar to this factor was found in the supernatant of other neuroblastoma cell lines, it is possible that this factor plays an important role in suppression of the antitumor immunity against neuroblastoma. Therefore, further studies will be required to characterize this immunosuppressive factor produced by the neuroblastoma cell line GOTO.-Takeshi Miyano A Case of Pelvic Neuroblastoma: Review of Japanese Cases and Their Prognosis. H. Makajima, T. Sugimoto, T. Shikata, et al. J
Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:874-879, (June), 1993. A 7-month-old boy was referred for the investigation of neuroblastoma (NB) because of high urinaryvanillylmandelic and homovanillic acid values, noted during NB mass screening. An abnormal mass was not palpable. However, a 4- x 3-cm solid pelvic mass with calcification was detected by ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. A pelvic NB (stage III), originating from plexus lumbalis, was found during surgery. After total excision of the tumor, James’ therapy was given for 5 months. The patient is now tumor-free.
INTERNATIONAL
ABSTRACTS
Pelvic NB is reported to account for 3% to 8% of NB in the English literature. In Japan, a total of 21 cases of pelvic NB have been reported. According to the authors’ survey, pelvic NB accounts for 3% (15 of 537 cases) of NB in patients under 1 year of age. In Japan, 13 of the 15 patients (88%) whose outcomes are known are alive. The two who died were a 12 day old and a 5 month old with stage IV-A. Therefore, pelvic NB has a good prognosis because of the young age distribution of the patients, the low N-myc amplification of tumor tissues, and localization of the tumor without metastasis. With regard to functional prognosis, pelvic NB could result in sequelae of rectal and/or urinary disability. One case from the Japanese literature showed a rectovesicular disability, and another case had hydronephrosis as well as stenosis of the ureter.-Takeshi Miyano Pancreatoblastoma in Childhood: A Report of Two Cases and Review of the Japanese Literature. I’. Hamada, M. Sato, 0. Yamnda, et al. J Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:309-317, (April), 1993.
Two cases of pancreatoblastoma in childhood are reported. Case 1, a &year-old girl, was admitted with jaundice. During surgery, a mass measuring 4.5 x 4.5 x 4 cm was found in the head of the pancreas, with solitary liver metastasis. The tumor was successfully treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy, and ethanol infusion therapy was performed for the liver metastasis. Tumor cells were positive for antitrypsin (AT), carcinoembryonic antigen, alphafetoprotein (AFP), and chromogranin. Case 2, a 4-year-old boy, was referred for evaluation of a large abdominal mass. Serum AFP was elevated. During an exploratory laparotomy, an encapsulated tumor mass with a smooth surface was noted; it measured 12.5 x 11 x 6 cm. No metastasis or invasion was found. The tumor together with the tail of the pancreas was completely excised. Tumor cells were positive for AFP and AT. The postoperative recovery for both patients was uneventful. Chemotherapy was administered, and both children have been well during the 8-month follow-up period. In both patients, serum tIypsin and elastase I values were useful in the determination of their clinical course. During a review of the Japanese literature regarding pancreatoblastoma (published between 1977 and 1991), 22 other cases were found. The average age was 4 to 5 years, and boys predominated. The chief complaint was abdominal mass, followed by abdominal pain and distension. Jaundice was an uncommon feature. Pancreatoblastoma was accompanied by metastasis or direct invasion in 16 cases, and the most common site was the liver. Eighteen patients underwent complete removal of the primary tumor. In six patients, the tumor was inoperable because of the advanced stage of the disease. Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy was performed in 17 patients. Eleven were alive and 9 had died during the follow-up period of 1 to 52 months (mean, 19 months) after the time of diagnosis.-Tukeshi Miyano Malignant Teratoma of the Greater Omentum. G. Tryfonas, C. Limas, I. Zioutis, et al. Pediatr Surg Int 9:129-130, (January), 1994.
The authors report on a 9-year-old girl with malignant teratoma of the greater omentum. The presenting features included an abdominal mass and mild abdominal pain. A plain film of the abdomen showed a mass shadow, without calcification, and lateral and upward displacement of the colon. Ultrasonography and a computed tomography scan were suggestive of an intraperitoneal teratoma. During laparotomy, a large tumor (weight, 2,850 g; dimensions. 30 x 27 X 10 cm), arising from greater omentum, was resected. Histological examination showed a malignant teratoma, with mature and immature elements of different tissues and a yolk sac tumor.-R. Surana
histochemical analyses of both N-myc and rus p21 expression are useful in predicting prognosis for patients with neuroblastoma.Takeshi Miyano Augmentation of the Chemoimmunotherapeutic Effects on Neuroblastoma by Iron Chelator Desferoxamine. Y. Wukizaka, Y Hata, and J. Uchino. J Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:789-792, (June),
1993. The authors investigated the therapeutic effects of a combination of the iron chelator desferoxamine (DFO), with cyclophosphamide (CY) chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) on Neuro-2A neuroblastoma in A/J mice. Although no significant therapeutic effects were produced by CY alone or rIL-2 alone, DFO plus CY and/or rIL-2 did produce significant therapeutic effects, such as a decreased mortality rate and prolongation of survival. In addition, the authors examined the distribution of ferritin in Neuro-2A tumor tissue. They observed that ferritin-distribution in tumor tissue was 4.80 g/g in untreated mice and 1.70 g/g in mice to which DFO was administered in combination with CY and rIL-2. These findings indicate that the therapeutic effects of chemoimmunotherapy on neuroblastoma depend on the distribution of ferritin in tumor tissue and are augmented by the iron chelator DFO.-Takeshi Miyuno Immunosuppressive Factor Produced by Neuroblastoma Cell Line GOTO. &ii&i Yaoita, et al. J Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:1092-
1101, (October), 1993. Immunosuppressive activity was found in the supernatant of neuroblastoma cell line GOTO, and this activity was lost by dialysis. On gel-filtration columns, this activity was found as a single peak at the fractions corresponding to MW 40,000. Further purification was achieved by anion-exchange chromatography on a Mono Q column at pH 7.4. From this column, the suppressive activity was eluted at 0.4 M NaCI. The effect of antihuman transforming growth factor antibody and antihuman immunosuppressive acidic protein antibody were tested, and the immunosuppressive activity was not neutralized by these antibodies. The effects of this factor demonstrated in the present study were as follows: (1) potent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of lymphocytes stimulated by mitogens and IL-2; (2) potent inhibitory effect on the presence of lymphokine activated killer (LAK); and (3) inhibitory effect on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by mitogens. Lymphocyte surface marker modulation was not affected by this factor. Because the immunosuppressive activity similar to this factor was found in the supernatant of other neuroblastoma cell lines, it is possible that this factor plays an important role in suppression of the antitumor immunity against neuroblastoma. Therefore, further studies will be required to characterize this immunosuppressive factor produced by the neuroblastoma cell line GOTO.-Takeshi Miyano A Case of Pelvic Neuroblastoma: Review of Japanese Cases and Their Prognosis. H. Makajima, T. Sugimoto, T. Shikata, et al. J
Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:874-879, (June), 1993. A 7-month-old boy was referred for the investigation of neuroblastoma (NB) because of high urinaryvanillylmandelic and homovanillic acid values, noted during NB mass screening. An abnormal mass was not palpable. However, a 4- x 3-cm solid pelvic mass with calcification was detected by ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. A pelvic NB (stage III), originating from plexus lumbalis, was found during surgery. After total excision of the tumor, James’ therapy was given for 5 months. The patient is now tumor-free.
INTERNATIONAL
ABSTRACTS
Pelvic NB is reported to account for 3% to 8% of NB in the English literature. In Japan, a total of 21 cases of pelvic NB have been reported. According to the authors’ survey, pelvic NB accounts for 3% (15 of 537 cases) of NB in patients under 1 year of age. In Japan, 13 of the 15 patients (88%) whose outcomes are known are alive. The two who died were a 12 day old and a 5 month old with stage IV-A. Therefore, pelvic NB has a good prognosis because of the young age distribution of the patients, the low N-myc amplification of tumor tissues, and localization of the tumor without metastasis. With regard to functional prognosis, pelvic NB could result in sequelae of rectal and/or urinary disability. One case from the Japanese literature showed a rectovesicular disability, and another case had hydronephrosis as well as stenosis of the ureter.-Takeshi Miyano Pancreatoblastoma in Childhood: A Report of Two Cases and Review of the Japanese Literature. I’. Hamada, M. Sato, 0. Yamnda, et al. J Jpn Sot Pediatr Surg 29:309-317, (April), 1993.
Two cases of pancreatoblastoma in childhood are reported. Case 1, a &year-old girl, was admitted with jaundice. During surgery, a mass measuring 4.5 x 4.5 x 4 cm was found in the head of the pancreas, with solitary liver metastasis. The tumor was successfully treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy, and ethanol infusion therapy was performed for the liver metastasis. Tumor cells were positive for antitrypsin (AT), carcinoembryonic antigen, alphafetoprotein (AFP), and chromogranin. Case 2, a 4-year-old boy, was referred for evaluation of a large abdominal mass. Serum AFP was elevated. During an exploratory laparotomy, an encapsulated tumor mass with a smooth surface was noted; it measured 12.5 x 11 x 6 cm. No metastasis or invasion was found. The tumor together with the tail of the pancreas was completely excised. Tumor cells were positive for AFP and AT. The postoperative recovery for both patients was uneventful. Chemotherapy was administered, and both children have been well during the 8-month follow-up period. In both patients, serum tIypsin and elastase I values were useful in the determination of their clinical course. During a review of the Japanese literature regarding pancreatoblastoma (published between 1977 and 1991), 22 other cases were found. The average age was 4 to 5 years, and boys predominated. The chief complaint was abdominal mass, followed by abdominal pain and distension. Jaundice was an uncommon feature. Pancreatoblastoma was accompanied by metastasis or direct invasion in 16 cases, and the most common site was the liver. Eighteen patients underwent complete removal of the primary tumor. In six patients, the tumor was inoperable because of the advanced stage of the disease. Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy was performed in 17 patients. Eleven were alive and 9 had died during the follow-up period of 1 to 52 months (mean, 19 months) after the time of diagnosis.-Tukeshi Miyano Malignant Teratoma of the Greater Omentum. G. Tryfonas, C. Limas, I. Zioutis, et al. Pediatr Surg Int 9:129-130, (January), 1994.
The authors report on a 9-year-old girl with malignant teratoma of the greater omentum. The presenting features included an abdominal mass and mild abdominal pain. A plain film of the abdomen showed a mass shadow, without calcification, and lateral and upward displacement of the colon. Ultrasonography and a computed tomography scan were suggestive of an intraperitoneal teratoma. During laparotomy, a large tumor (weight, 2,850 g; dimensions. 30 x 27 X 10 cm), arising from greater omentum, was resected. Histological examination showed a malignant teratoma, with mature and immature elements of different tissues and a yolk sac tumor.-R. Surana