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T h e J o u r n a l o f th e A m e r ic a n D e n ta l A s s o c ia tio n 212 E ast Superior St., Chicago, 111.
C . N . J o h n s o n , E d ito r N
ew ton
G. T
ho m as,
Associate E d ito r
Published by the American Dental Association A ll expressions of opinions and all statements of supposed facts are published on the authority of the writers over whose signature they appear, and are not to be regarded as expressing the view s of the American Dental Association, unless such statements or opinions have been adopted by the Association. Communications intended for publication in the scientific or literary pages of T h e J o u r n a l should be addressed to the Editor. A ll advertising or business matter should be sent to the Business Manager. Subscription is included in the annual membership dues. The subscription rate to non members is $3.50 a year in advance, this rate applying to both domestic and foreign sub scribers. A ll foreign subscriptions are to be paid in United States money.
Editorials M E M B E R S H IP : A S E R V IC E
A n y o r g a n iz a tio n b r o u g h t to g e th e r fo r th e p u r p o se s o f h u m a n i t a r ia n s e r v ic e m u s t g r o w . h u m an need. are fo u n d .
T h e e x te n t o f its s e r v ic e is th e e x te n t o f
H e a lt h s e r v ic e m u s t r a n g e w h e r e v e r s ic k n e s s a n d p a in
A n
o r g a n iz a tio n d e v o te d to th e r e lie f o f s u ffe r in g c a n
n e v e r , w it h s e lf - r e s p e c t , b e sa tis fie d s h o r t o f h a v in g e v e r y h o n o r a b le se r v a n t o f h e a lth
on
its r o lls .
I ts m a x im u m
o f e x e r c is e
fo r g o o d
e n d s th e r e , a n d th e r e o n ly . A l l g r a n t th a t t h e n e e d o f d e n t is t r y j u s tifie s its p u r p o s e a s m u c h to d a y as e v er .
N e v e r b e f o r e h a v e th e te e t h a s a s o u r c e o f tr o u b le
b e e n u n d e r s to o d as th e y a r e n o w . A n d th a t a d d s to th e r e s p o n s ib ility o f d e n tis ts in d iv id u a lly a n d c o lle c t iv e ly . in g d e n tis tr y to d a y th a n b e fo r e .
A ls o , fe w e r m e n a re stu d y
S ta n d in g as it d o e s th e p e r s o n ific a
tio n o f d e n ta l in t e n t a n d f u n c t io n , th e o r g a n iz a t io n is c a lle d o n to p e r fo rm
a lo n g its e n tir e fr o n t as n e v e r in th e p a st.
p u b lic , m u n ic ip a lit y
e v e r y s e r v ic e th a t c o n c e r n s th e m .
Jour. A.D.A., June, 1934
M e d ic in e , th e
a n d sta te n e c e s s a r ily tu r n to th e A .D .A .
1069
W here
e ls e c a n th e y g o ?
fo r A nd
1070
The Journal of the American D ental Association
t h is m e a n s t h a t t h e A s s o c ia t i o n n e e d s e v e r y m a n o f h o n e s t d e s ig n in its ra n k s. N o
o n e c a n s a y w h a t th e m o r r o w w i l l b r in g .
o f fo r e b o d in g . fo r e ig n
W h a t w i l l b e its d e m a n d ?
S o m e m e n a re fu ll
N o o n e c a n te ll.
to th e s p ir it o f A m e r ic a n is m , f o r e ig n
id e a l a r e p r o p h e s ie d , a n d a r e im m in e n t ly p o s s ib le . b e m e t?
Schem es
to th e p r o fe s s io n a l H o w s h a ll th e y
N o t b y a n e v e r y -m a n -fo r -h im s e lf p o lic y ; n o t b y is o la te d
u n its o f o r g a n iz a t io n . fo r g o o d o r ill w ith
W h e t h e r th e A .D .A . c a n m e e t th e s itu a tio n
a ss u r a n c e d e p e n d s o n its u n a n im ity , its u n ity .
N o t e th e n th a t its s u c c e s s c a lls o n b o th th e e a r n e s t a n d th e in d if fe r e n t w ith in
th e
o r g a n iz a tio n
and
la y s
o b lig a tio n
on
th o se
w ith o u t.
S t r e n g t h is n e e d e d to a c q u ir e t h e g o o d a s w e l l a s to o p p o s e th e b a d . T h i s i s e v e r y m a n ’s i s s u e , a s l o s s w i l l b e e v e r y m a n ’s p r i v a t i o n a n d g a i n e v e r y m a n ’s p r o f i t . A
p r o f e s s io n a l o r g a n iz a t io n g iv e s to e v e r y m a n h is o p p o r t u n it y
to m a g n if y h is p o w e r , e x te n d h is in flu e n c e , r e a c h to fa r p la c e s , ta k e p a r t in g r e a t e n te r p r is e s .
L i v in g in th e g r e a te s t o b s c u r ity , a m e m
b e r o f th e A .D .A . m a y c la im
fo r h im s e lf, fo r h is o w n h a n d s a n d
h e a r t, a p a r t in a ll its u n d e r t a k in g s .
T
T H E D IE T R A C K E T
F o r c e n tu r ie s , t h e r e w a s l it t le s a id a b o u t d ie t.
T h e a n c ie n ts c o n
c e r n e d th e m s e lv e s a lm o s t n o t a t a ll a b o u t th e k in d o f fo o d th e y h a d ; t h e i r c h i e f p r o b l e m w a s to g e t e n o u g h o f it. A n d m a n y o f t h e m e v e n w ith
a
m uch
s m a lle r
p o p u la tio n
s ta r v e d f o r la c k o f s u ffic ie n t f o o d . an
a d e q u a te s u p p ly
o f fo o d
th a n
w e
now
have
W h e n th e p r o b le m
fo r th e h u m a n
p r a c tic a lly o f o b ta in in g
r a c e w a s m o r e n e a r ly
s o lv e d , it so o n b e c a m e a p p a r e n t th a t it r e a lly m a tte r e d w h a t k in d o f fo o d
a m an had.
T h e n b e g a n th a t o r g y o f d ie t in g th a t h a s n e a r ly
t h r e a te n e d u s w i t h d is a s te r .
I t s e e m s to b e o n e o f th e p r o p e n s it ie s o f
h u m a n n a tu r e to g o to e x t r e m e s in a n y a c t iv it y o f o u r l iv e s t h a t h a s to d o w i t h o u r w e lf a r e . T he
s t u d y o f d ie t is a r e a s o n a b le , a s e n s ib le
and
a n a lto g e th e r
p r o p e r th in g , b u t a la s a n d a la c k , w h e n o u r a d v e r t is in g d ie t it ia n s g o t to g o in g , t h e y p r o c e e d e d to e n d s t h a t w e r e n e it h e r r e a s o n a b le n o r
Editorial D epartm ent s e n s ib le .
1071
F ir s t, it w a s c a lo r ie s , a n d h o w t h e y d id p la y u p th a t w o r d
c a lo r y !
E v e r y b it o f f o o d w a s m e a s u r e d in r e la tio n to its p r o d u c
tio n o f h e a t u n its , a n d t h e w o n d e r is t h a t w it h h ig h , p o o r s u ffe r in g h u m a n ity w a s n o t fr o z e n
th is th e o r y r id in g
to d e a t h fr o m
sh eer
f r ig h t o f th e la c k o f c a lo r ie s in th e fo o d . F r o m t h is , w e r a n t h e g a m u t a ll d o w n t h e lin e t i l l w e .s t r u c k v it a m in s , a n d th e n w e p la y e d th a t h a r d .
N o t th a t a n y o n e ca n sa y p r e
c is e ly w h a t a v it a m in is o r a n a ly z e it so th a t th e a v e r a g e in d iv id u a l c a n u n d e r s t a n d it, o r u s e it in h is p h y s ic a l e c o n o m y .
B u t it h a d a
s o n o r o u s so u n d a n d it c a u g h t th e im a g in a tio n . N o o n e w i l l a r g u e t h a t th e t h in g c a lle d a c a lo r y o r a v it a m in is a m y th , o r th a t it is w it h o u t s ig n ific a n c e . o u r s c ie n tis ts a b o u t th e e ffe c t o f d ie t o n
M u c h h a s b e e n le a r n e d b y th e in d iv id u a l, b u t th e r e
w a s s o m e t h in g th a t th e s c ie n tis ts s e e m e d to f o r g e t. T h e y f o r g o t th a t a ll in d iv id u a ls a r e n o t a lik e in t h e ir r e a c t io n s to t h e v a r io u s fo o d m a te r ia ls , a n y m o r e th a n A
th e y
a r e to t h e a c t io n
o f c e r ta in d r u g s .
c u t - a n d - d r ie d d ie t is n o m o r e l o g ic a l f o r a ll in d iv id u a ls th a n is a
c u t -a n d -d r ie d r e m e d y f o r e v e r y a ilm e n t.
T h e r e is n o s u c h t h i n g a s
a n e x a c t s c ie n c e in th e a d m in is tr a tio n o f fo o d o r th e a d m in is tr a tio n o f d ru gs.
W h i l e th e r e m a r k fr e q u e n tly q u o te d is h a r d ly tr u e th a t
“ w h a t i s o n e m a n ’s f o o d i s a n o t h e r m a n ’s p o i s o n , ” t h e f a c t r e m a i n s th a t n o
tw o
in d iv id u a ls r e a c t in
p r e c is e ly
th e sa m e w a y
e it h e r to
fo o d o r to d r u g s. T h is d o e s n o t m e a n th a t th e r e a r e n o t c e r ta in fu n d a m e n ta l e ffe c ts in d ie t th a t m u s t b e r e c o g n iz e d .
I f a m a n p e r s is ts in e a t in g h a lf a
d o z e n e g g s f o r h is b r e a k f a s t e v e r y m o r n in g , i t is n o t d if f ic u lt to p r e d ic t w h a t w i l l h a p p e n to th a t m a n . so su r e o f o u r g r o u n d .
B u t e v e n h e r e w e a r e n o t a lw a y s
T h e d e m o n s tr a tio n o f C la r a D a v is in h e r
e x p e r im e n t o n t h e s e lf - s e le c t e d d ie t f o r c h ild r e n , p u b lis h e d in T
h e
JO U R N A L , J u n e , 1 9 2 7 , J u n e , 1 9 3 1 , a n d A p r il, 1 9 3 4 , w a s a r e v e la tio n w o r th c o n s id e r in g .
I t p u t to s h a m e m a n y o f th e ir o n c la d r u le s th a t
h a d b e e n s a g e ly f o r m u la t e d in c o n n e c t io n w it h d ie t e s p e c ia lly fo r c h ild r e n , a n d p o in t e d th e w a y to g r e a t e r s a n it y in th e s e le c t io n o f in d iv id u a l d ie ts .
T h e l e s s o n i t t a u g h t , a n d t h e l e s s o n w e a l l n e e d to
le a r n is th a t i f w e h a v e a n y s e n s e o f in d iv id u a l a c u m e n o r r e s p o n s i b ility , w e s h a ll e a c h m a p o u t fo r h im s e lf , as so o n a s w e r e a c h th e a g e o f a c c o u n t a b ilit y o r e v e n e a r lie r , th e k in d o f r e g im e n th a t is b e s t
1072
T he Journal of the American D ental Association
s u ite d to o u r in d iv id u a l n e e d s, a n d f o l lo w th is to th e e x c lu s io n o f a ll th e v a r io u s d ie ta r y fa d s th a t a r e fo is te d o n u s b y th e p r o p a g a n d a o f c o m m e r c ia l in te r e s ts .
I t w i l l u s u a lly b e f o u n d th a t th e m o r e s e n s ib le
w e b e c o m e in o u r d ie t, th e s im p le r w i l l b e t h e d ie t.
If w e h ave any
in t e llig e n c e , w e s h a ll s o o n le a r n th e k in d o f f o o d th a t b e s t s u its o u r in d iv id u a l n e e d s, a n d u s u a lly it w ill b e fo u n d th a t th e fo o d s m o st a d a p t a b le to o u r r e q u ir e m e n ts a r e th o s e c lo s e to n a tu r e a n d n o t c o m p lic a te d
w ith
to o m u c h
c o st.
If
fr u it a n d
a c a r b o h y d r a t e b e s t fit
y o u r r e q u ir e m e n t fo r b r e a k fa st, w h y n o t u s e a s im p le r a w o r n a tiv e fr u it a n d b r e a d a n d m ilk r a th e r th a n tic k le th e a p p e tite w ith e x p e n s iv e ja m a n d th e c o s tly p r e p a r e d b r e a k fa s t fo o d s ? T h e e x p lo ita tio n o f s o m e o f o u r p r e p a r e d fo o d s h a s d e g e n e r a te d in to a r e g u la r r a c k e t, a n d it is c o s t in g t h e c o n s u m e r a v a s t a m o u n t o f m o n e y a n d s e r v in g a m u c h le s s b e n e fic ia l p u r p o s e in th e h u m a n e c o n o m y th a n th e s im p le r a n d m o r e n e a r ly n a tiv e fo o d s. th e m a n w h o is th e h ig h e s t liv e r is t h e s h o r te s t liv e r .
U s u a lly ,
N a tu re h as a
w a y o f r e b e llin g a g a in s t to o m u c h c o n c e n tr a tio n o r to o m u c h a r ti f ic ia lit y in o u r fo o d , a n d w e s h a ll d o w e l l to c u ltiv a te th e s im p le life .
A b o v e a ll th in g s , w e s h o u ld e a c h s tu d y h is in d iv id u a l n e e d s,
a n d a d a p t o u r s e lv e s to t h e r e g im e n t h a t h a s b e e n p r o v e d b y e x p e r i e n c e a n d o b s e r v a t io n to b e th e o n e b e s t s u it e d fo r t h e in d iv id u a l c a se . A
lit t le in te llig e n c e a n d a lit t le stu d y w ill te a c h u s m o r e a b o u t
our ow n
r e q u ir e m e n ts th a n
a ll o f th e t h e o r iz in g
o f th e s c ie n tis ts
a n d th e d ie titia n s .
A C C E P T E D D E N T A L R E M E D IE S
B e g in n in g w ith
th e O cto b er ,
1 9 3 3 , is s u e o f T
h e
JO U R N A L , th e
C o u n c il o n D e n t a l T h e r a p e u t ic s h a s b e e n p u b lis h in g m o n th ly th e m a te r ia l k n o w n as A c c e p te d
D e n ta l R e m e d ie s , w ith w h ic h
a ll o f
o u r r e a d e r s m u s t b y th is tim e b e fa m ilia r . T h e s e r ie s is n o w c o m p le t e d , a n d in c o n s o n a n c e w it h th e p la n o u t lin e d in t h e b e g in n in g , th e m a t e r ia l is to b e g a t h e r e d in b o o k f o r m a n d m a d e c o n v e n ie n t ly a v a ila b le fo r th e p r o fe s s io n .
A fte r an in
fin ite a m o u n t o f la b o r o n th e p a r t o f th e m e m b e r s o f th e C o u n c il, a n d e s p e c ia lly o f th e c h a ir m a n a n d se c r e ta r y , th is lo n g lo o k e d fo r
Editorial Department
1073
v o lu m e w i l l s h o r tly b e is s u e d a t a v e r y n o m in a l c o st, n o t m o r e th a n $ 1, a n d t h u s a n o t h e r a c h i e v e m e n t o f t h e C o u n c i l w i l l b e m a d e m a n i
fe st. T h is b o o k h a s b een
c a lle d
fo r b y th e p r o fe s s io n fo r s o m e tim e ,
a n d n o w th a t th e p la n is to b e c o n s u m m a te d it c a lls f o r c o n g r a tu la tio n s o n th e p a r t o f a ll c o n c e r n e d .
A t th e r e c e n t m e e tin g o f th e
C o u n c il, A p r i l 2 0 -2 1 , 1 9 3 4 , th e r e w a s c o n s id e r a b le e n th u s ia s m o v e r th is v o lu m e o n th e p a r t o f th e m e m b e r s, a n d w h e n m e n o f th e c a li b e r o f th e C o u n c il u n ite in a c o m m o n a n d k in d r e d p u r p o s e w ith th e u n a n im ity e x p r e s s e d a t th is m e e tin g , it a u g u r s w e ll fo r th e su c c e ss o f th e u n d e r ta k in g . T he
p u b lic a tio n
o f th is b o o k is m e r e ly
one m ore
a c h ie v e m e n t
e m a n a tin g fr o m th e A m e r ic a n D e n ta l A s s o c ia tio n in fu r th e r a n c e o f a n e ffo r t to s e r v e th e p r o fe s s io n in a c o n c r e te a n d c o n s tr u c tiv e w a y . I t m a y b e a c c e p te d as o n e o f th e im p o r ta n t fu n c tio n s o f o r g a n iz e d d e n tis tr y to d is p e n s e s e r v ic e o f th is c h a r a c te r fo r th e w e lf a r e o f th e p r o fe s s io n a t la r g e , fo r b e it k n o w n th a t w h e n a b o o k o f th is c h a r a c te r is r e le a s e d f o r d is t r ib u tio n , its b e n e fits a c c r u e n o t o n ly to th e p e r s o n n e l o f t h e m e m b e r s h ip it s e lf , b u t a ls o to e v e r y d e n t is t o r p h y s i c ia n w h o w is h e s to a v a il h im s e lf o f th e p r iv ile g e s o f p o s s e s s in g a copy. E s s e n t ia lly , th e n , t h e r e is a n a c tu a l u t ilit a r ia n a s p e c t to th is e n t e r p r is e th a t m u s t n o t b e
ig n o r e d ; in
fa c t, th e s e r v ic e o f th e w h o le
C o u n c il in a d m in is t e r in g its a ffa ir s s a v o r s o f t h is k in d o f u n s e lfis h s e r v ic e .
T h e m en w h o
a c t o n th e C o u n c il d o so g r a tu ito u s ly , a n d
w h ile th is fa c t h a s r e p e a t e d ly b e e n n o te d , it w i l l d o n o h a r m to h a v e it s tr e s s e d o n a ll o c c a s io n s . g r e a t d is ta n c e s to
a tte n d
S o m e o f th e m e n a r e o b lig e d to tr a v e l
th e m e e tin g s a n d
a t c o n s id e r a b le in c o n
v e n ie n c e to th e m s e lv e s , to s a y n o t h in g o f th e a m o u n t o f tim e s p e n t in c a r r y in g o n th e r o u tin e s e r v ic e o f th e C o u n c il b e tw e e n m e e tin g s ; a n d it m a y a ls o b e s a id th a t t h e y a r e m e n o f r a r e in t e lle c t u a l a c u m e n w h o s e s e r v ic e s c o u ld n e v e r b e s e c u r e d m e r e ly o n t h e b a s is o f fin a n c ia l r e m u n e r a tio n . T he
e n tir e
A s s o c ia tio n
is
under
th e
d e e p e s t o b lig a tio n
to
th e
m e m b e r s o f t h e C o u n c il f o r a n u n s e lf is h s e r v ic e t h a t is u n iq u e in h u m a n a ffa ir s , a n d w h e n th e s u m to ta l o f t h e r e s u lts h a s b e e n e n u m e r a te d , it w i l l b e fo u n d th a t th e r e w a r d s th a t c o m e to th e m e n m o s t
1074
T h e Journal of the American D ental Association
in str u m e n ta l
in
c a r r y in g
on
th e
w ork
c o n s is t
fo r
th e
m o st p a rt
m e r e ly in th e c o n s c io u s n e s s o f h a v in g d o n e s o m e th in g fo r th e A s s o c ia t io n , a n d
c o n tr ib u te d
a n a p p r e c ia b le q u o ta to th e w e lf a r e o f
h u m a n k in d . L o o k fo r th e b o o k A c c e p te d D e n ta l R e m e d ie s , a n d se c u r e a c o p y a s s o o n a s t h e v o lu m e is is s u e d .
A P O IN T E D C R IT IC IS M O F T H E C O N T E N T S O F O U R JO U R N A L S
S o m e tim e a g o , w e r e c e iv e d th e f o llo w in g a n o n y m o u s c o m m u n i c a tio n , a n d w h il e t h e u s u a l r o u te o f a n a n o n y m o u s le t t e r is s t r a ig h t w a y in th e d ir e c tio n o f th e w a s te p a p e r b a s k e t, s o m e h o w th is o n e , o n a c c o u n t o f its c h a r a c te r , h a s lin g e r e d m o n th s.
o n th e e d ito r ia l d e sk fo r
H e r e it is :
D ear E d ito r Journal: A s I have said before, a dentist m ight read his head off in all the dental Jo u rn a ls of all kinds, and he w ould be m ore mixed up and confused th a n if he stuck to the educa tion he received in dental college, and his ow n experience. I n v ie w o f s o m e o f th e r e fle c tio n s o n o u r d e n ta l s c h o o ls , h e r e w a s a n u n e x p e c t e d t r ib u t e to t h e v a l u e o f t h e t r a i n i n g t h a t is g i v e n b y o u r fa c u ltie s .
C o m in g u n s o lic ite d as it d id , it c o n s titu te d a r a th e r
s p o n t a n e o u s e n d o r s e m e n t o f o u r c o lle g e s , w h i l e a t t h e s a m e t im e it im p lie d a s o m e w h a t s e v e r e a r r a ig n m e n t o f o u r jo u r n a ls . I t m u s t b e r a th e r h e a r te n in g to o u r te a c h e r s to th in k th a t th e in s t r u c t io n t h e y a r e im p a r t in g to t h e s tu d e n ts in c o lle g e is s u ffic ie n tly e f fe c t iv e th a t it s e r v e s to g u id e th e p r a c titio n e r , a c c o r d in g to th is o b s e r v e r , in h is f u t u r e c a r e e r a s a d e n tis t. O n t h e o t h e r h a n d , th e q u e s tio n is r a is e d : A r e o u r d e n ta l p e r io d i c a ls t u r n in g o u t th e m o s t c o n s tr u c tiv e m a t e r ia l f o r th e w e lf a r e o f th e p r o fe s s io n ? L e t u s see.
T o a v o id m a k in g in v id io u s c o m p a r is o n s b e tw e e n th e
e f f ic a c y o f c o l l e g e t r a i n i n g a n d t h e r e a d i n g o f o u r l it e r a t u r e , i t is m e r e ly n e c e s s a r y to p o in t o u t th e p a te n t f a c t th a t th e r e c a n b e n o p o s s ib le c o n flic t b e tw e e n th e tw o f o r th e v e r y s im p le r e a s o n th a t th e o n e s u p p le m e n t s th e o th e r in s te a d o f th e o n e o p p o s in g o r d o m in a t
Editorial D epartm ent in g th e o th e r .
1075
T h e fu n c tio n o f e a c h is d iffe r e n t.
T r u e it is th a t th e r e
is o f t e n — to o o f t e n — c o n f lic t o f o p in io n in t h e p r in t e d p a g e b e tw e e n m en
as to m a tt e r s o f p o lic y
or even
as to
s ta te m e n ts o f s o -c a lle d
s c ie n t if ic f a c t a s e x p r e s s e d in o u r lite r a tu r e .
N o
tw o m e n m a y b e
e x p e c t e d to a g r e e p e r f e c t l y i n a n y w r i t t e n p r e s e n t a t i o n , a n d t h e r e is a s s u r e d ly c o n s id e r a b le c o n f u s io n o f id e a s a m o n g th e p r o d u c e r s o f o u r p e r io d ic a l l i t e r a t u r e ; b u t is t h e r e a lw a y s u n a n im it y o f o p in io n a m o n g th e te a c h e r s in o u r p r o fe s s io n a l s c h o o ls ? p r e a c h a c c o r d in g to th e la w a n d th e g o s p e l?
D o th e y in v a r ia b ly
N a y , v e r ily , m y b r e th
r en , th e m e n in h i g h p la c e s in o u r c o lle g e h a lls o n o c c a s io n p r o m u l g a te d o c tr in e t h a t w i l l n o t sta n d th e a c id te s t o f tim e a n d e x p e r ie n c e . I s th e r e n o t th e n e c e s s ity fo r c o n sta n t r e v is io n in o u r te a c h in g ?
C an
w e n a m e o n e s i n g l e lin e o f r e a s o n in g in th e le c tu r e r o o m o r c lin ic th a t is in f a l li b l e ?
T h e t h in g th a t w e h o n e s tly p r o c la im as fa c t to d a y
is o f t e n f ig u r a t iv e ly s h o t f u l l o f h o le s t o m o r r o w .
N o t h i n g is fin a l.
W h y th e n m u s t o u r c r itic so p o in te d ly r e fle c t o n th e fin d in g s o f th e p r in te d p a g e , a n d p la c e so m u c h r e lia n c e o n w h a t w a s to ld h im w h e n h e w a s a s tu d e n t in c o lle g e ?
T h e c r u x o f t h e w h o l e m a t t e r is
th is : F o r e v e r y t h in g ta u g h t in c o lle g e a n d fo r e v e r y id e a a d v o c a te d in p r in t, t h e r e m u s t b e a n e v a lu a t io n o n t h e p a r t o f th e lis t e n e r o r rea d er b e fo r e h e p r o ffe r e d h im .
c a n a c c e p t w it h o u t r e s e r v e th e th e o r ie s th a t a re
T o s w a llo w u n r e s e r v e d ly th e o ffe r in g s o f a n y m a n ,
w h e t h e r h e b e a p r o f e s s o r in c o lle g e o r a c o n t r ib u t o r to o u r jo u r n a ls , is n o t to s t a n d f o u r s q u a r e to t h e w o r l d a n d e x e r c i s e t h e i n d e p e n d e n c e o f th o u g h t t h a t is th e in h e r e n t r ig h t o f a n y th in k in g m a n . W e d o b e lie v e th a t in o n e r e s p e c t o u r a n o n y m o u s c o r r e s p o n d e n t h a s a b a s is o f j u s t if ic a t io n f o r h is r e a s o n in g .
W h e n h e in tim a te s th a t
th e t e a c h in g in c o lle g e is m o r e r e lia b le th a n a r e th e id e a s o f a c o n t r ib u to r to a j o u r n a l, h e is p r o b a b ly r ig h t to th is e x te n t, th a t th e t h e o r ie s t a u g h t in c o l l e g e a r e m o r e g e n e r a lly c a r e f u lly f o r m u la t e d a n d b e tte r th o u g h t o u t th a n a re th e a r g u m e n ts a d v a n c e d b y th e a v e r a g e w r ite r .
I n t h e v e r y n a tu r e o f th in g s , a le c t u r e r to a c la s s o f s tu d e n ts
is in c lin e d to b e m o r e c a r e f u l o f h is s t a t e m e n t s a n d to m a k e h im s e lf m o r e c e r t a in o f t h e a u t h e n t ic it y o f h is a d v ic e th a n is a w r it e r fo r a n a u d ie n c e o f p r a c titio n e r s .
T h i s m a y a p p e a r a s t r a n g e s ta te m e n t to
o n e w h o h a s n o t h a d u n lim ite d o p p o r tu n it y to w o r k w it h stu d e n ts, o r to a p p r a is e p e r i o d ic a l lit e r a t u r e , b u t o f o n e t h i n g t h e r e is a c e r
T h e Journal of the American D e n ta l Association
1076 ta in ty :
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o u r jo u r n a ls , th e a v e r a g e p a p e r
c a r r ie s w it h it le s s a u th o r ity th a n th e t e a c h in g in c o lle g e . L i t t le w o n d e r , th e n , th a t o u r c r it ic c o m p la in s o f t h e c o n f u s io n in o u r p e r io d ic a l lit e r a t u r e ; y e t i t m a y b e p e r t in e n t to r a is e t h e q u e s tio n a s to w h a t c o u ld h a p p e n w it h o u t o u r jo u r n a ls .
A r e th e y n o t,
a fte r a ll, th e v e r y l if e b lo o d o f p r o f e s s io n a l p r o g r e s s ? W it h a ll th e ir lim ita tio n s , d o th e y n o t s e r v e a n im p o r t a n t p u r p o s e a n d fill a n e e d th a t c a n n o t b e m e t th r o u g h a n y o th e r m e d iu m ?
N o t h i n g is p e r f e c t
in h u m a n a ffa ir s a n d i t b e h o o v e s u s a ll to b e c h a r ita b le . I f it m a y b e a d m itte d th a t o u r jo u r n a ls f a ll s h o r t o f p r e s e n tin g th e m e n ta l p a b u lu m
b e s t s u ite d
to o u r n e e d s , is it n o t tr u e th a t th e y
m e r e ly m ir r o r th e m e n ta lity o f th e p r o fe s s io n ?
C a n t h e s t r e a m r is e
h ig h e r th a n its s o u r c e , a n d s h a ll w e e x p e c t p e r fe c tio n w h e r e th e r e is n o p e r f e c t io n ? W e n e e d o u r d e n ta l s c h o o ls , a n d w e n e e d o u r jo u r n a ls .
L et us be
th a n k fu l th a t th e y a r e n o t m o r e im p e r fe c t th a n th e y are.
V IS U A L E D U C A T IO N I t is la t e to d is c u s s t h e m o t io n p ic t u r e a s a t e a c h in g m e d iu m i f its fir s t u s e in m e d ic in e is c o n s id e r e d , a lt h o u g h e a r ly i f o n e is to c o n s id e r it s u s e in d e n tis tr y . w ith
I n 1 9 1 8 , R . T u n s t a ll T a y lo r e x p e r im e n te d
it as an e d u c a tiv e a g e n t a n d m a d e
a r e p o r t in th e A m e r i c a n
J o u rn a l of O r th o p e d ic S u rg e ry , N o v em b er,
1918.
S e le c tin g th r e e
g r o u p s o f stu d e n ts, h e in s tr u c te d o n e b y m e a n s o f le c tu r e s a n d la n te r n s lid e s ; w it h a n o th e r , h e u s e d m o tio n p ic tu r e s a n d le c tu r e s , a n d , w it h th e th ir d , h e u s e d o n ly th e le c tu r e s . se n te d
by
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le c tu r e r .
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a m o n g th e le c tu r e -m o tio n p ic tu r e g r o u p . c in e m a
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average grades
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1077
Editorial Department
r e q u ir e d h o u r s fo r th e ir a c tu a l m a tu r a tio n b e in g s e e n in a f e w s e c on d s. tio n .
B a c t e r ia a n d p a r a s ite s h a v e b e e n th e s u b je c t o f d e m o n s tr a P e r is t a ls is , h e a r t a c tio n a n d jo in t n lo v e m e n ts h a v e b e e n r e p r o
d u c e d o n th e screen .
S u r g ic a l t e c h n ic is m a d e v is ib le w it h p e r f e c t
a c cu ra c y fo r a ro o m fu ll o f o b serv ers.
I n th is r e s p e c t, its a d v a n ta g e s
a r e s e c o n d o n ly to h a v in g a p la c e a t t h e o p e r a t in g ta b le . T h e m o tio n p ic tu r e h a s m a n y a d v a n ta g e s . r ic u lu m .
th e stu d e n t. w is e
I t p r e se r v e s a ty p ic a l ca se s th a t a stu d e n t m ig h t o th e r
m is s th r o u g h o u t h is
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I t sp e e d s u p th e c u r
I t in te n s ifie s tr a in in g , w it h r e d u c e d e ffo r t o n th e p a r t o f
p o r ta b le ; th e y
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s lid e , a n d “ c lo s e u p s ” o r “ s lo w m o tio n s ” m a y o e p r e s e n te d a t w ill. F u r th e r m o r e , th e film s c a n b e u s e d a d v a n t a g e o u s ly f o r r e v ie w s , w ith
r e s u lts in
o th e r m e th o d .
t im e s a v in g a n d d id a c t ic e ffo r t f a r s u r p a s s in g a n y A n d in a ll p r o b a b ility , in m n e m o n ic v a lu e , a ls o th e y
s u p e r s e d e a n y o th e r m e a n s o f t e a c h in g . T h a t d iffic u ltie s a r e e n c o u n te r e d is o b v io u s . th is as in a n y o th e r n e w d e p a r tu r e .
T h e c o s t is fir s t in
T h e n to o , a tr a in e d m a n ip u la t o r
o f th e a p p a r a tu s m u s t b e o b ta in e d .
T h e a d a p t a t io n o f t h e l i g h t to
t h e o p e r a t io n a n d t h e o p e r a t o r is n o t e a s y in m a n y in s ta n c e s . T e a c h ers m u s t o f n e c e s s ity c h o o s e th e p h a s e s o f th e ir p r o g r a m s th a t a re m o s t a d a p ta b le .
A l l in a ll, th e a d d itio n o f c in e m a t ic e ffe c ts to th e
te a c h in g te c h n ic o f a n y s c h o o l m u s t n e e d s b e s lo w .
O n c e in s ta lle d ,
th e v a lu e o f i t is m a n if e s t . R e c e n tly , a m o tio n p ic tu r e d e m o n s tr a tio n w a s g iv e n o f r e m o v a l o f m a n d ib u la r th ir d m o la r s .
T h e p r o c e s s w a s th a t d e v e lo p e d b y th e
g r e a te s t e x p o n e n t o f th e o s s is e c to r m e th o d .
S o t h o r o u g h ly h a s th is
m a s t e r p e r f e c t e d h i s p r o c e d u r e t h a t t h e t o o t h ’s r e m o v a l w a s a l m o s t m e c h a n is tic . c a tio n
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T h e r e w a s n o lo s t m o tio n in th e te c h n ic , n o m is a p p li
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s t r u c t iv e lin e s , e x p o s it o r y lin e s , c a u s e s o f f a ilu r e , a n d t h e f a ilu r e in pan oram a.
O s s is e c to r s w it h
b o n e as i f it w e r e c h a lk .
r a z o r e d g e s s lic e d a n d s h a v e d c o r tic a l
N o t a to o th b r o k e . T h e o p e r a tio n r e q u ir e d
o n ly a fe w sec o n d s. O b s e r v e r s in v it e d to c r it ic iz e r e m a in e d to w o n d e r a n d p r a is e . one w ho
h as ex tra c ted
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o f h e s ita tio n
On and
T h e d e lu s iv e e a s in e s s
T he Journal of the American D ental Association
1078 o f it!
T h e t e e th c a m e o u t a s i f tr a in e d .
i n d i c a t e d t h e i r m a s t e r ’s w i l l .
T h e le v e r s w e r e w a n d s th a t
T h e e x p e r ie n c e w a s g o o d fo r th e m a n
w h o n e e d e d c o u r a g e a n d f a it h fo r b o ld e r e ffo r t. d id n o t la s t lo n g .
B u t th e c o m p o su r e
O f a su d d e n c a m e th e r e a liz a tio n th a t th e o r e ti
c a lly n o th in g w a s b e in g le a r n e d .
O f a tr u th , te e th m u s t f o llo w th e ir
c u r v a tu r e s , b o n y in te r fe r e n c e m u s t b e e lim in a te d , e tc . e le m e n t in th is d is p la y w a s th e p e r s o n a l e q u a tio n .
T h e m a jo r
B ack o f every
m o v e w a s a m a n w h o h a d s p e n t a q u a r te r c e n tu r y in tir e le s s stu d y , s tu d y w h e r e v e r s k u lls w e r e fo u n d , s tu d y o f b o n e , s tu d y o f m e c h a n ic s a n d e n d le s s e x p e r im e n t a t io n . W h a t o f th e e ffe c t o f th is v is u a liz a t io n o n th e y o u th w it h o u t e x p e r ie n c e in e x tr a c tin g ?
W o u ld th e e a se o f it a ffe c t h im
o ld e r o r a m o r e e x p e r ie n c e d m a n ? to th e k n ife as if it w e r e c h a lk .
a s it d id an
T h e a r tif ic ia l m a n d ib le y ie ld e d
T h e s e o s s is e c to r s w e r e ir r e s is t ib le .
T h e w o r s t im p a c tio n w a s a s tr a w in th e w in d b e fo r e th e m .
W hen
t h e y o u t h e s s a y s t h e jo b , h e w i l l fin d t h a t ja w s a r e b o n e , t h a t t e e t h c o n fo u n d
r a th e r th a n o b lig e , th a t in str u m e n ts a r e so m u c h sc r a p -
ir o n w it h o u t — s o m e t h in g e ls e — t h a t p e r s o n a l e le m e n t. S u c h w a s th e fin e sse o f t h e c in e m a t ic o p e r a t io n , t h e t h o u g h t c a m e : C o u ld H o m e r e v e r te a c h A c h ille s to w r it e a n I lia d ?
A n d y e t th e e ffe c t w a s a d e e p
s e n s e o f b e tte r m e n t a n d p e r s o n a l g a in . E d u c a to r s w h o h a v e m a d e e s p e c ia l s tu d y o f th e m o tio n p ic tu r e a r e s lo w to g iv e it g r e a t p r a is e . T h e y c o n c e d e its p la c e a n d its w o r th , b u t w o u ld
n o t s u p p la n t
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te m p ts to s p e e d , a n d s p e e d le a d s to s u p e r fic ia lity .
of
t e a c h in g .
Tt
I t te n d s to s h o r te n
c o u r s e s r a th e r th a n to d e e p e n th e m , n o t b e c a u s e o f th e p ic t u r e it s e lf , b u t b e c a u s e o f a n u n f o u n d e d c o n fid e n c e it in s p ir e s .
S p e e d fo r s a le s
o r m ile a g e o r u n it p r o d u c tio n is c o m m e n d a b le a n d p r a c tic a l, b u t fo r
m e n ta l
e x p a n s io n
and
e x te n s io n ,
it
is
p r o fo u n d ly
d e b a ta b le .
D e n t a l e d u c a tio n lik e m e d ic a l e d u c a tio n m u s t s till b e a p r o c e s s o f o u t lin e , f o r m u la , te a c h e r a n d t e x tb o o k a n d la b o r a to r y .
I t m ig h t b e
g r e a tly fe a r e d th a t i f a m o tio n p ic tu r e s h o u ld s h o r te n c o u r se s, th e tim e s a v e d w o u ld b e fille d in w ith o th e r su b je c ts. b e c a la m ito u s .
A n d th a t w o u ld
A s c o n d itio n s a r e n o w , th e s tu d e n t m u s t w a it u n til
g r a d u a tio n fo r th e in te g r a tio n a n d c o r r e la tio n o f w h a t h e h a s m e m o r iz e d , a n d f o r th is , h e p a y s in d is a p p o in t m e n t a n d in e ffic ie n c y . T .
Editorial D epartm ent TH E T here
a r e v a r io u s
ST. PA U L
10 79
M E E T IN G
a g e n c ie s th r o u g h
w h ic h
a m e e tin g
m ay
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m a d e a su c c e ss: th e se a so n o f th e y e a r , th e c h a r a c te r o f th e m e e tin g p la c e , th e f a c ilit ie s fo r tr a n s p o r ta tio n , th e a ttr a c tiv e n e s s o f th e e n t e r ta in m e n t, th e s ig n if ic a n c e o f th e is s u e s th a t a r e a t s ta k e a t th e p a r tic u la r tim e in th e p r o fe s s io n — a ll o f th e s e te n d to a ttr a c t m e m b e r s a n d c r e a te in te r e s t.
B u t t h e o n e o u t s t a n d in g t h in g th a t is m o s t
e s s e n tia l is th e n a tu r e o f th e p r o g r a m .
T h a t , a f t e r a ll, is th e m a g n e t
th a t d r a w s th e m e m b e r s to g e th e r a n d h o ld s th e m
a t th e s e s s io n s in
a c o m m u n it y o f s e n t im e n t a n d a b s o r p tio n t h a t s p e lls s u c c e s s in th e su r e st sen se. T h is y e a r , e v e r y th in g se e m s p r o p itio u s fo r a m o st u n u s u a l m e e t in g .
T h e L o c a l C o m m itte e o n A r r a n g e m e n ts a r e p r o v id in g f a c ili
tie s f o r
th e
c o n v e n ie n c e a n d
c o m fo r t o f th e v is ito r s , th e n a tu r a l
h a b ita t o f th e m e e t in g p la c e is s u c h as to a ttr a c t th o s e w h o a r e i n t e n d in g to m a k e a v a c a t io n o f t h e e v e n t, e it h e r b e f o r e o r a f t e r th e m e e t in g , it is s e t t le d t h a t t h e tr a ffic a s s o c ia t io n w i l l g r a n t a r o u n d t r ip
fo r a fa r e a n d a h a lf , in a d d itio n to w h ic h th e s u r c h a r g e h a s
b e e n ta k e n o ff fo r s le e p in g ca rs, th u s th e c o st h a s b e e n m a te r ia lly reduced .
L a s tly , th e p r o g r a m
p r o m is e s to b e o n e o f th e m o s t in t e r
e s tin g a n d a ttr a c tiv e th a t w e h a v e h a d in y e a r s. T he
g e n e r a l s e s s io n s , a r r a n g e d
by
our ow n
o ffic ia ls ,
are
to
be
e n te r ta in e d b y m e n o f n o te in th e n a tio n , s u c h a s th e H o n . H e n r ik S h ip s te a d , d ie titia n ,
U n ite d of
S ta te s S e n a to r , a n d D r . E lm e r V . M c C o llu m ,
B a ltim o r e .
T he
fo r m e r
w ill
ta lk
on
“ L e g is la tiv e
P h a s e s o f o u r N a t io n a l A d m in is t r a t io n ,” a n d th e la tte r o n “ D e n t a l C a r ie s in R e la t io n to D i e t a n d N u t r i t i o n .” I t s h o u ld b e sta te d th a t th e S t. P a u l A u d it o r iu m , w h e r e th e s e s s io n s a r e to b e h e ld , h a s h ig h c e ilin g s , w it h a ir c o n d it io n in g t h r o u g h o u t, a s s u r in g th e u tm o s t c o m fo r t to th o s e in a tte n d a n c e .
A n e x c e l
le n t a m p lif y in g sy s te m h a s b e e n m a d e a v a ila b le , to th e e n d th a t th e s p e a k e r s m a y f u n c t io n w it h o u t d iffic u lty , a n d to t h e p e r f e c t s a tis f a c tio n o f th e a u d ie n c e . T h e v a r io u s s e c tio n s a r e to b e p r o p e r ly h o u s e d , w it h p e r m a n e n t w a lls
b e tw e en
th e m ,
a
fe a tu r e w h ic h
w ill
c o n tr ib u te
a b ly to th e e ffe c t iv e n e s s o f t h e S e c t io n w o r k .
im m e a s u r
T h e S e c t io n o ffic e r s
1080
T he Journal of the American D ental Association
a r e o r g a n iz in g a p r o g r a m th a t w ill p o r tr a y e v e r y a c tiv ity o f d e n ta l th o u g h t, b o th fr o m
th e th e o r e tic a l a n d fr o m th e a p p lie d a sp e c ts.
O f p a r t i c u l a r i n t e r e s t w i l l b e t h e c l i n i c a l p r o g r a m ,' e m b r a c i n g a s it d o e s a t th is tim e m o r e th a n th r e e h u n d r e d c lin ic s , d e m o n s tr a tin g e v e r y p h a s e o f p r a c t ic a l d e n tis tr y . T h e r e is n o q u e s tio n th a t c lin ic s m a k e a s tr o n g a p p e a l to th e la r g e m a jo r ity o f o u r m e m b e r s. fo r m e d
T o
a c tu a lly se e h o w
m e a n s m o r e th a n a n y a m o u n t o f w r itte n
a p r o c e s s is p e r d e s c r ip tio n , a n d
e v e r y m e m b e r a tte n d in g th e m e e tin g w ill h a v e a m p le o p p o r tu n ity to s e e d e m o n s tr a te d a n y a n d a ll p r o c e s s e s th a t m a y in te r e s t h im . T h e A m e r ic a n D e n t a l A s s o c ia t io n is t h e g r e a t c le a r in g h o u s e o f th e w h o le p r o fe s s io n , a n d th e a n n u a l m e e tin g s a r e th e m ile p o s ts o n th e w a y to r e a l d e n ta l p r o g r e s s .
C o m e to S t. P a u l in A u g u s t a n d
h e lp to r e g is t e r o n e m o r e s te p to w a r d th e c o n s u m m a tio n o f a ll th a t is la t e s t a n d b e s t in t h e p r a c t ic e o f d e n tis tr y .
T H E
N E E D
O F
T H E
H O U R
T h e g r e a te s t n e e d o f th e h o u r in d e n tis tr y is n o t so m u c h t h e c o n s u m m a tio n
of
a
b e tte r
b r id g e s o r d e n tu r e s.
te c h n ic — b e tte r
fillin g s ,
in la y s ,
cro w n s,
T h e fu n d a m e n t a l n e e d is to s a v e t h e s o u l o f
d e n tis tr y , to p r e s e r v e t h e id e a ls a n d th e e t h ic s o f o u r p r o f e s s io n , to s ta n d f o u r s q u a r e to th e w o r ld in th e e s t a b lis h m e n t o f th o s e p r in c ip le s th a t g a v e u s p r o fe s s io n a l sta tu s a t th e b e g in n in g , to p r o v e th e f a it h th a t is in u s fo r th e m a in te n a n c e o f a h ig h e t h ic a l c o n c e p t th a t s h a ll c r e a te a sh a r p d is tin c tio n b e tw e e n o u r p o lic ie s as a p r o fe s s io n a n d th e p r a c tic e s o f th e m a r k e t p la c e . T h e w o r s h ip o f m a m m o n h a s n o p a r t in th e s c h e m e o f r e a l p r o fe s s io n a l lif e .
T h e e x a lta tio n o f a n e th ic a l fa ith , th e c o n s e c r a tio n o f
o u r e n e r g ie s to th e s e r v ic e o f p o o r a n d r ic h a lik e , th e s a c r if ic e o f o u r c o m fo r t fo r th e w e lf a r e o f o th e r s— th e s e th in g s a r e th e n e e d o f th e h o u r in o u r p r o fe s s io n .
A l l e ls e w i l l b e a d d e d u n to u s i f w e b u t
sta n d fa st, a n d p r o c la im o u r c o n v ic tio n b e fo r e th e w o r ld . F R A N K
O .
H E T R IC K ,
D .D .S .
A s w e go to press, w ord is received of th e death of F ra n k O . H etrick , O tta w a , K an., P a st President of the A m erican D en ta l Association. A m ore extended notice w ill appear in the J u ly issue.
C . N . J o h n s o n , E d ito r N
ew ton
G. T
ho m as,
Associate E d ito r
Published by the American Dental Association A ll expressions of opinions and all statements of supposed facts are published on the authority of the writers over whose signature they appear, and are not to be regarded as expressing the view s of the American Dental Association, unless such statements or opinions have been adopted by the Association. Communications intended for publication in the scientific or literary pages of T h e J o u r n a l should be addressed to the Editor. A ll advertising or business matter should be sent to the Business Manager. Subscription is included in the annual membership dues. The subscription rate to non members is $3.50 a year in advance, this rate applying to both domestic and foreign sub scribers. A ll foreign subscriptions are to be paid in United States money.
Editorials M E M B E R S H IP : A S E R V IC E
A n y o r g a n iz a tio n b r o u g h t to g e th e r fo r th e p u r p o se s o f h u m a n i t a r ia n s e r v ic e m u s t g r o w . h u m an need. are fo u n d .
T h e e x te n t o f its s e r v ic e is th e e x te n t o f
H e a lt h s e r v ic e m u s t r a n g e w h e r e v e r s ic k n e s s a n d p a in
A n
o r g a n iz a tio n d e v o te d to th e r e lie f o f s u ffe r in g c a n
n e v e r , w it h s e lf - r e s p e c t , b e sa tis fie d s h o r t o f h a v in g e v e r y h o n o r a b le se r v a n t o f h e a lth
on
its r o lls .
I ts m a x im u m
o f e x e r c is e
fo r g o o d
e n d s th e r e , a n d th e r e o n ly . A l l g r a n t th a t t h e n e e d o f d e n t is t r y j u s tifie s its p u r p o s e a s m u c h to d a y as e v er .
N e v e r b e f o r e h a v e th e te e t h a s a s o u r c e o f tr o u b le
b e e n u n d e r s to o d as th e y a r e n o w . A n d th a t a d d s to th e r e s p o n s ib ility o f d e n tis ts in d iv id u a lly a n d c o lle c t iv e ly . in g d e n tis tr y to d a y th a n b e fo r e .
A ls o , fe w e r m e n a re stu d y
S ta n d in g as it d o e s th e p e r s o n ific a
tio n o f d e n ta l in t e n t a n d f u n c t io n , th e o r g a n iz a t io n is c a lle d o n to p e r fo rm
a lo n g its e n tir e fr o n t as n e v e r in th e p a st.
p u b lic , m u n ic ip a lit y
e v e r y s e r v ic e th a t c o n c e r n s th e m .
Jour. A.D.A., June, 1934
M e d ic in e , th e
a n d sta te n e c e s s a r ily tu r n to th e A .D .A .
1069
W here
e ls e c a n th e y g o ?
fo r A nd
1070
The Journal of the American D ental Association
t h is m e a n s t h a t t h e A s s o c ia t i o n n e e d s e v e r y m a n o f h o n e s t d e s ig n in its ra n k s. N o
o n e c a n s a y w h a t th e m o r r o w w i l l b r in g .
o f fo r e b o d in g . fo r e ig n
W h a t w i l l b e its d e m a n d ?
S o m e m e n a re fu ll
N o o n e c a n te ll.
to th e s p ir it o f A m e r ic a n is m , f o r e ig n
id e a l a r e p r o p h e s ie d , a n d a r e im m in e n t ly p o s s ib le . b e m e t?
Schem es
to th e p r o fe s s io n a l H o w s h a ll th e y
N o t b y a n e v e r y -m a n -fo r -h im s e lf p o lic y ; n o t b y is o la te d
u n its o f o r g a n iz a t io n . fo r g o o d o r ill w ith
W h e t h e r th e A .D .A . c a n m e e t th e s itu a tio n
a ss u r a n c e d e p e n d s o n its u n a n im ity , its u n ity .
N o t e th e n th a t its s u c c e s s c a lls o n b o th th e e a r n e s t a n d th e in d if fe r e n t w ith in
th e
o r g a n iz a tio n
and
la y s
o b lig a tio n
on
th o se
w ith o u t.
S t r e n g t h is n e e d e d to a c q u ir e t h e g o o d a s w e l l a s to o p p o s e th e b a d . T h i s i s e v e r y m a n ’s i s s u e , a s l o s s w i l l b e e v e r y m a n ’s p r i v a t i o n a n d g a i n e v e r y m a n ’s p r o f i t . A
p r o f e s s io n a l o r g a n iz a t io n g iv e s to e v e r y m a n h is o p p o r t u n it y
to m a g n if y h is p o w e r , e x te n d h is in flu e n c e , r e a c h to fa r p la c e s , ta k e p a r t in g r e a t e n te r p r is e s .
L i v in g in th e g r e a te s t o b s c u r ity , a m e m
b e r o f th e A .D .A . m a y c la im
fo r h im s e lf, fo r h is o w n h a n d s a n d
h e a r t, a p a r t in a ll its u n d e r t a k in g s .
T
T H E D IE T R A C K E T
F o r c e n tu r ie s , t h e r e w a s l it t le s a id a b o u t d ie t.
T h e a n c ie n ts c o n
c e r n e d th e m s e lv e s a lm o s t n o t a t a ll a b o u t th e k in d o f fo o d th e y h a d ; t h e i r c h i e f p r o b l e m w a s to g e t e n o u g h o f it. A n d m a n y o f t h e m e v e n w ith
a
m uch
s m a lle r
p o p u la tio n
s ta r v e d f o r la c k o f s u ffic ie n t f o o d . an
a d e q u a te s u p p ly
o f fo o d
th a n
w e
now
have
W h e n th e p r o b le m
fo r th e h u m a n
p r a c tic a lly o f o b ta in in g
r a c e w a s m o r e n e a r ly
s o lv e d , it so o n b e c a m e a p p a r e n t th a t it r e a lly m a tte r e d w h a t k in d o f fo o d
a m an had.
T h e n b e g a n th a t o r g y o f d ie t in g th a t h a s n e a r ly
t h r e a te n e d u s w i t h d is a s te r .
I t s e e m s to b e o n e o f th e p r o p e n s it ie s o f
h u m a n n a tu r e to g o to e x t r e m e s in a n y a c t iv it y o f o u r l iv e s t h a t h a s to d o w i t h o u r w e lf a r e . T he
s t u d y o f d ie t is a r e a s o n a b le , a s e n s ib le
and
a n a lto g e th e r
p r o p e r th in g , b u t a la s a n d a la c k , w h e n o u r a d v e r t is in g d ie t it ia n s g o t to g o in g , t h e y p r o c e e d e d to e n d s t h a t w e r e n e it h e r r e a s o n a b le n o r
Editorial D epartm ent s e n s ib le .
1071
F ir s t, it w a s c a lo r ie s , a n d h o w t h e y d id p la y u p th a t w o r d
c a lo r y !
E v e r y b it o f f o o d w a s m e a s u r e d in r e la tio n to its p r o d u c
tio n o f h e a t u n its , a n d t h e w o n d e r is t h a t w it h h ig h , p o o r s u ffe r in g h u m a n ity w a s n o t fr o z e n
th is th e o r y r id in g
to d e a t h fr o m
sh eer
f r ig h t o f th e la c k o f c a lo r ie s in th e fo o d . F r o m t h is , w e r a n t h e g a m u t a ll d o w n t h e lin e t i l l w e .s t r u c k v it a m in s , a n d th e n w e p la y e d th a t h a r d .
N o t th a t a n y o n e ca n sa y p r e
c is e ly w h a t a v it a m in is o r a n a ly z e it so th a t th e a v e r a g e in d iv id u a l c a n u n d e r s t a n d it, o r u s e it in h is p h y s ic a l e c o n o m y .
B u t it h a d a
s o n o r o u s so u n d a n d it c a u g h t th e im a g in a tio n . N o o n e w i l l a r g u e t h a t th e t h in g c a lle d a c a lo r y o r a v it a m in is a m y th , o r th a t it is w it h o u t s ig n ific a n c e . o u r s c ie n tis ts a b o u t th e e ffe c t o f d ie t o n
M u c h h a s b e e n le a r n e d b y th e in d iv id u a l, b u t th e r e
w a s s o m e t h in g th a t th e s c ie n tis ts s e e m e d to f o r g e t. T h e y f o r g o t th a t a ll in d iv id u a ls a r e n o t a lik e in t h e ir r e a c t io n s to t h e v a r io u s fo o d m a te r ia ls , a n y m o r e th a n A
th e y
a r e to t h e a c t io n
o f c e r ta in d r u g s .
c u t - a n d - d r ie d d ie t is n o m o r e l o g ic a l f o r a ll in d iv id u a ls th a n is a
c u t -a n d -d r ie d r e m e d y f o r e v e r y a ilm e n t.
T h e r e is n o s u c h t h i n g a s
a n e x a c t s c ie n c e in th e a d m in is tr a tio n o f fo o d o r th e a d m in is tr a tio n o f d ru gs.
W h i l e th e r e m a r k fr e q u e n tly q u o te d is h a r d ly tr u e th a t
“ w h a t i s o n e m a n ’s f o o d i s a n o t h e r m a n ’s p o i s o n , ” t h e f a c t r e m a i n s th a t n o
tw o
in d iv id u a ls r e a c t in
p r e c is e ly
th e sa m e w a y
e it h e r to
fo o d o r to d r u g s. T h is d o e s n o t m e a n th a t th e r e a r e n o t c e r ta in fu n d a m e n ta l e ffe c ts in d ie t th a t m u s t b e r e c o g n iz e d .
I f a m a n p e r s is ts in e a t in g h a lf a
d o z e n e g g s f o r h is b r e a k f a s t e v e r y m o r n in g , i t is n o t d if f ic u lt to p r e d ic t w h a t w i l l h a p p e n to th a t m a n . so su r e o f o u r g r o u n d .
B u t e v e n h e r e w e a r e n o t a lw a y s
T h e d e m o n s tr a tio n o f C la r a D a v is in h e r
e x p e r im e n t o n t h e s e lf - s e le c t e d d ie t f o r c h ild r e n , p u b lis h e d in T
h e
JO U R N A L , J u n e , 1 9 2 7 , J u n e , 1 9 3 1 , a n d A p r il, 1 9 3 4 , w a s a r e v e la tio n w o r th c o n s id e r in g .
I t p u t to s h a m e m a n y o f th e ir o n c la d r u le s th a t
h a d b e e n s a g e ly f o r m u la t e d in c o n n e c t io n w it h d ie t e s p e c ia lly fo r c h ild r e n , a n d p o in t e d th e w a y to g r e a t e r s a n it y in th e s e le c t io n o f in d iv id u a l d ie ts .
T h e l e s s o n i t t a u g h t , a n d t h e l e s s o n w e a l l n e e d to
le a r n is th a t i f w e h a v e a n y s e n s e o f in d iv id u a l a c u m e n o r r e s p o n s i b ility , w e s h a ll e a c h m a p o u t fo r h im s e lf , as so o n a s w e r e a c h th e a g e o f a c c o u n t a b ilit y o r e v e n e a r lie r , th e k in d o f r e g im e n th a t is b e s t
1072
T he Journal of the American D ental Association
s u ite d to o u r in d iv id u a l n e e d s, a n d f o l lo w th is to th e e x c lu s io n o f a ll th e v a r io u s d ie ta r y fa d s th a t a r e fo is te d o n u s b y th e p r o p a g a n d a o f c o m m e r c ia l in te r e s ts .
I t w i l l u s u a lly b e f o u n d th a t th e m o r e s e n s ib le
w e b e c o m e in o u r d ie t, th e s im p le r w i l l b e t h e d ie t.
If w e h ave any
in t e llig e n c e , w e s h a ll s o o n le a r n th e k in d o f f o o d th a t b e s t s u its o u r in d iv id u a l n e e d s, a n d u s u a lly it w ill b e fo u n d th a t th e fo o d s m o st a d a p t a b le to o u r r e q u ir e m e n ts a r e th o s e c lo s e to n a tu r e a n d n o t c o m p lic a te d
w ith
to o m u c h
c o st.
If
fr u it a n d
a c a r b o h y d r a t e b e s t fit
y o u r r e q u ir e m e n t fo r b r e a k fa st, w h y n o t u s e a s im p le r a w o r n a tiv e fr u it a n d b r e a d a n d m ilk r a th e r th a n tic k le th e a p p e tite w ith e x p e n s iv e ja m a n d th e c o s tly p r e p a r e d b r e a k fa s t fo o d s ? T h e e x p lo ita tio n o f s o m e o f o u r p r e p a r e d fo o d s h a s d e g e n e r a te d in to a r e g u la r r a c k e t, a n d it is c o s t in g t h e c o n s u m e r a v a s t a m o u n t o f m o n e y a n d s e r v in g a m u c h le s s b e n e fic ia l p u r p o s e in th e h u m a n e c o n o m y th a n th e s im p le r a n d m o r e n e a r ly n a tiv e fo o d s. th e m a n w h o is th e h ig h e s t liv e r is t h e s h o r te s t liv e r .
U s u a lly ,
N a tu re h as a
w a y o f r e b e llin g a g a in s t to o m u c h c o n c e n tr a tio n o r to o m u c h a r ti f ic ia lit y in o u r fo o d , a n d w e s h a ll d o w e l l to c u ltiv a te th e s im p le life .
A b o v e a ll th in g s , w e s h o u ld e a c h s tu d y h is in d iv id u a l n e e d s,
a n d a d a p t o u r s e lv e s to t h e r e g im e n t h a t h a s b e e n p r o v e d b y e x p e r i e n c e a n d o b s e r v a t io n to b e th e o n e b e s t s u it e d fo r t h e in d iv id u a l c a se . A
lit t le in te llig e n c e a n d a lit t le stu d y w ill te a c h u s m o r e a b o u t
our ow n
r e q u ir e m e n ts th a n
a ll o f th e t h e o r iz in g
o f th e s c ie n tis ts
a n d th e d ie titia n s .
A C C E P T E D D E N T A L R E M E D IE S
B e g in n in g w ith
th e O cto b er ,
1 9 3 3 , is s u e o f T
h e
JO U R N A L , th e
C o u n c il o n D e n t a l T h e r a p e u t ic s h a s b e e n p u b lis h in g m o n th ly th e m a te r ia l k n o w n as A c c e p te d
D e n ta l R e m e d ie s , w ith w h ic h
a ll o f
o u r r e a d e r s m u s t b y th is tim e b e fa m ilia r . T h e s e r ie s is n o w c o m p le t e d , a n d in c o n s o n a n c e w it h th e p la n o u t lin e d in t h e b e g in n in g , th e m a t e r ia l is to b e g a t h e r e d in b o o k f o r m a n d m a d e c o n v e n ie n t ly a v a ila b le fo r th e p r o fe s s io n .
A fte r an in
fin ite a m o u n t o f la b o r o n th e p a r t o f th e m e m b e r s o f th e C o u n c il, a n d e s p e c ia lly o f th e c h a ir m a n a n d se c r e ta r y , th is lo n g lo o k e d fo r
Editorial Department
1073
v o lu m e w i l l s h o r tly b e is s u e d a t a v e r y n o m in a l c o st, n o t m o r e th a n $ 1, a n d t h u s a n o t h e r a c h i e v e m e n t o f t h e C o u n c i l w i l l b e m a d e m a n i
fe st. T h is b o o k h a s b een
c a lle d
fo r b y th e p r o fe s s io n fo r s o m e tim e ,
a n d n o w th a t th e p la n is to b e c o n s u m m a te d it c a lls f o r c o n g r a tu la tio n s o n th e p a r t o f a ll c o n c e r n e d .
A t th e r e c e n t m e e tin g o f th e
C o u n c il, A p r i l 2 0 -2 1 , 1 9 3 4 , th e r e w a s c o n s id e r a b le e n th u s ia s m o v e r th is v o lu m e o n th e p a r t o f th e m e m b e r s, a n d w h e n m e n o f th e c a li b e r o f th e C o u n c il u n ite in a c o m m o n a n d k in d r e d p u r p o s e w ith th e u n a n im ity e x p r e s s e d a t th is m e e tin g , it a u g u r s w e ll fo r th e su c c e ss o f th e u n d e r ta k in g . T he
p u b lic a tio n
o f th is b o o k is m e r e ly
one m ore
a c h ie v e m e n t
e m a n a tin g fr o m th e A m e r ic a n D e n ta l A s s o c ia tio n in fu r th e r a n c e o f a n e ffo r t to s e r v e th e p r o fe s s io n in a c o n c r e te a n d c o n s tr u c tiv e w a y . I t m a y b e a c c e p te d as o n e o f th e im p o r ta n t fu n c tio n s o f o r g a n iz e d d e n tis tr y to d is p e n s e s e r v ic e o f th is c h a r a c te r fo r th e w e lf a r e o f th e p r o fe s s io n a t la r g e , fo r b e it k n o w n th a t w h e n a b o o k o f th is c h a r a c te r is r e le a s e d f o r d is t r ib u tio n , its b e n e fits a c c r u e n o t o n ly to th e p e r s o n n e l o f t h e m e m b e r s h ip it s e lf , b u t a ls o to e v e r y d e n t is t o r p h y s i c ia n w h o w is h e s to a v a il h im s e lf o f th e p r iv ile g e s o f p o s s e s s in g a copy. E s s e n t ia lly , th e n , t h e r e is a n a c tu a l u t ilit a r ia n a s p e c t to th is e n t e r p r is e th a t m u s t n o t b e
ig n o r e d ; in
fa c t, th e s e r v ic e o f th e w h o le
C o u n c il in a d m in is t e r in g its a ffa ir s s a v o r s o f t h is k in d o f u n s e lfis h s e r v ic e .
T h e m en w h o
a c t o n th e C o u n c il d o so g r a tu ito u s ly , a n d
w h ile th is fa c t h a s r e p e a t e d ly b e e n n o te d , it w i l l d o n o h a r m to h a v e it s tr e s s e d o n a ll o c c a s io n s . g r e a t d is ta n c e s to
a tte n d
S o m e o f th e m e n a r e o b lig e d to tr a v e l
th e m e e tin g s a n d
a t c o n s id e r a b le in c o n
v e n ie n c e to th e m s e lv e s , to s a y n o t h in g o f th e a m o u n t o f tim e s p e n t in c a r r y in g o n th e r o u tin e s e r v ic e o f th e C o u n c il b e tw e e n m e e tin g s ; a n d it m a y a ls o b e s a id th a t t h e y a r e m e n o f r a r e in t e lle c t u a l a c u m e n w h o s e s e r v ic e s c o u ld n e v e r b e s e c u r e d m e r e ly o n t h e b a s is o f fin a n c ia l r e m u n e r a tio n . T he
e n tir e
A s s o c ia tio n
is
under
th e
d e e p e s t o b lig a tio n
to
th e
m e m b e r s o f t h e C o u n c il f o r a n u n s e lf is h s e r v ic e t h a t is u n iq u e in h u m a n a ffa ir s , a n d w h e n th e s u m to ta l o f t h e r e s u lts h a s b e e n e n u m e r a te d , it w i l l b e fo u n d th a t th e r e w a r d s th a t c o m e to th e m e n m o s t
1074
T h e Journal of the American D ental Association
in str u m e n ta l
in
c a r r y in g
on
th e
w ork
c o n s is t
fo r
th e
m o st p a rt
m e r e ly in th e c o n s c io u s n e s s o f h a v in g d o n e s o m e th in g fo r th e A s s o c ia t io n , a n d
c o n tr ib u te d
a n a p p r e c ia b le q u o ta to th e w e lf a r e o f
h u m a n k in d . L o o k fo r th e b o o k A c c e p te d D e n ta l R e m e d ie s , a n d se c u r e a c o p y a s s o o n a s t h e v o lu m e is is s u e d .
A P O IN T E D C R IT IC IS M O F T H E C O N T E N T S O F O U R JO U R N A L S
S o m e tim e a g o , w e r e c e iv e d th e f o llo w in g a n o n y m o u s c o m m u n i c a tio n , a n d w h il e t h e u s u a l r o u te o f a n a n o n y m o u s le t t e r is s t r a ig h t w a y in th e d ir e c tio n o f th e w a s te p a p e r b a s k e t, s o m e h o w th is o n e , o n a c c o u n t o f its c h a r a c te r , h a s lin g e r e d m o n th s.
o n th e e d ito r ia l d e sk fo r
H e r e it is :
D ear E d ito r Journal: A s I have said before, a dentist m ight read his head off in all the dental Jo u rn a ls of all kinds, and he w ould be m ore mixed up and confused th a n if he stuck to the educa tion he received in dental college, and his ow n experience. I n v ie w o f s o m e o f th e r e fle c tio n s o n o u r d e n ta l s c h o o ls , h e r e w a s a n u n e x p e c t e d t r ib u t e to t h e v a l u e o f t h e t r a i n i n g t h a t is g i v e n b y o u r fa c u ltie s .
C o m in g u n s o lic ite d as it d id , it c o n s titu te d a r a th e r
s p o n t a n e o u s e n d o r s e m e n t o f o u r c o lle g e s , w h i l e a t t h e s a m e t im e it im p lie d a s o m e w h a t s e v e r e a r r a ig n m e n t o f o u r jo u r n a ls . I t m u s t b e r a th e r h e a r te n in g to o u r te a c h e r s to th in k th a t th e in s t r u c t io n t h e y a r e im p a r t in g to t h e s tu d e n ts in c o lle g e is s u ffic ie n tly e f fe c t iv e th a t it s e r v e s to g u id e th e p r a c titio n e r , a c c o r d in g to th is o b s e r v e r , in h is f u t u r e c a r e e r a s a d e n tis t. O n t h e o t h e r h a n d , th e q u e s tio n is r a is e d : A r e o u r d e n ta l p e r io d i c a ls t u r n in g o u t th e m o s t c o n s tr u c tiv e m a t e r ia l f o r th e w e lf a r e o f th e p r o fe s s io n ? L e t u s see.
T o a v o id m a k in g in v id io u s c o m p a r is o n s b e tw e e n th e
e f f ic a c y o f c o l l e g e t r a i n i n g a n d t h e r e a d i n g o f o u r l it e r a t u r e , i t is m e r e ly n e c e s s a r y to p o in t o u t th e p a te n t f a c t th a t th e r e c a n b e n o p o s s ib le c o n flic t b e tw e e n th e tw o f o r th e v e r y s im p le r e a s o n th a t th e o n e s u p p le m e n t s th e o th e r in s te a d o f th e o n e o p p o s in g o r d o m in a t
Editorial D epartm ent in g th e o th e r .
1075
T h e fu n c tio n o f e a c h is d iffe r e n t.
T r u e it is th a t th e r e
is o f t e n — to o o f t e n — c o n f lic t o f o p in io n in t h e p r in t e d p a g e b e tw e e n m en
as to m a tt e r s o f p o lic y
or even
as to
s ta te m e n ts o f s o -c a lle d
s c ie n t if ic f a c t a s e x p r e s s e d in o u r lite r a tu r e .
N o
tw o m e n m a y b e
e x p e c t e d to a g r e e p e r f e c t l y i n a n y w r i t t e n p r e s e n t a t i o n , a n d t h e r e is a s s u r e d ly c o n s id e r a b le c o n f u s io n o f id e a s a m o n g th e p r o d u c e r s o f o u r p e r io d ic a l l i t e r a t u r e ; b u t is t h e r e a lw a y s u n a n im it y o f o p in io n a m o n g th e te a c h e r s in o u r p r o fe s s io n a l s c h o o ls ? p r e a c h a c c o r d in g to th e la w a n d th e g o s p e l?
D o th e y in v a r ia b ly
N a y , v e r ily , m y b r e th
r en , th e m e n in h i g h p la c e s in o u r c o lle g e h a lls o n o c c a s io n p r o m u l g a te d o c tr in e t h a t w i l l n o t sta n d th e a c id te s t o f tim e a n d e x p e r ie n c e . I s th e r e n o t th e n e c e s s ity fo r c o n sta n t r e v is io n in o u r te a c h in g ?
C an
w e n a m e o n e s i n g l e lin e o f r e a s o n in g in th e le c tu r e r o o m o r c lin ic th a t is in f a l li b l e ?
T h e t h in g th a t w e h o n e s tly p r o c la im as fa c t to d a y
is o f t e n f ig u r a t iv e ly s h o t f u l l o f h o le s t o m o r r o w .
N o t h i n g is fin a l.
W h y th e n m u s t o u r c r itic so p o in te d ly r e fle c t o n th e fin d in g s o f th e p r in te d p a g e , a n d p la c e so m u c h r e lia n c e o n w h a t w a s to ld h im w h e n h e w a s a s tu d e n t in c o lle g e ?
T h e c r u x o f t h e w h o l e m a t t e r is
th is : F o r e v e r y t h in g ta u g h t in c o lle g e a n d fo r e v e r y id e a a d v o c a te d in p r in t, t h e r e m u s t b e a n e v a lu a t io n o n t h e p a r t o f th e lis t e n e r o r rea d er b e fo r e h e p r o ffe r e d h im .
c a n a c c e p t w it h o u t r e s e r v e th e th e o r ie s th a t a re
T o s w a llo w u n r e s e r v e d ly th e o ffe r in g s o f a n y m a n ,
w h e t h e r h e b e a p r o f e s s o r in c o lle g e o r a c o n t r ib u t o r to o u r jo u r n a ls , is n o t to s t a n d f o u r s q u a r e to t h e w o r l d a n d e x e r c i s e t h e i n d e p e n d e n c e o f th o u g h t t h a t is th e in h e r e n t r ig h t o f a n y th in k in g m a n . W e d o b e lie v e th a t in o n e r e s p e c t o u r a n o n y m o u s c o r r e s p o n d e n t h a s a b a s is o f j u s t if ic a t io n f o r h is r e a s o n in g .
W h e n h e in tim a te s th a t
th e t e a c h in g in c o lle g e is m o r e r e lia b le th a n a r e th e id e a s o f a c o n t r ib u to r to a j o u r n a l, h e is p r o b a b ly r ig h t to th is e x te n t, th a t th e t h e o r ie s t a u g h t in c o l l e g e a r e m o r e g e n e r a lly c a r e f u lly f o r m u la t e d a n d b e tte r th o u g h t o u t th a n a re th e a r g u m e n ts a d v a n c e d b y th e a v e r a g e w r ite r .
I n t h e v e r y n a tu r e o f th in g s , a le c t u r e r to a c la s s o f s tu d e n ts
is in c lin e d to b e m o r e c a r e f u l o f h is s t a t e m e n t s a n d to m a k e h im s e lf m o r e c e r t a in o f t h e a u t h e n t ic it y o f h is a d v ic e th a n is a w r it e r fo r a n a u d ie n c e o f p r a c titio n e r s .
T h i s m a y a p p e a r a s t r a n g e s ta te m e n t to
o n e w h o h a s n o t h a d u n lim ite d o p p o r tu n it y to w o r k w it h stu d e n ts, o r to a p p r a is e p e r i o d ic a l lit e r a t u r e , b u t o f o n e t h i n g t h e r e is a c e r
T h e Journal of the American D e n ta l Association
1076 ta in ty :
th a t
e s s e n tia l s u r e ly
fo r
keen
v a lu e s ,
th a n
a
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of
and
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m ay
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a s im ila r n u m b e r o f p r a c titio n e r s .
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on
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in to m ore
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s ta te m e n t h a s b e e n r e p e a te d ly a ttested , a n d th u s w it h th e s in g le e x c e p tio n
o f th e resea rch
e ssa y s in
o u r jo u r n a ls , th e a v e r a g e p a p e r
c a r r ie s w it h it le s s a u th o r ity th a n th e t e a c h in g in c o lle g e . L i t t le w o n d e r , th e n , th a t o u r c r it ic c o m p la in s o f t h e c o n f u s io n in o u r p e r io d ic a l lit e r a t u r e ; y e t i t m a y b e p e r t in e n t to r a is e t h e q u e s tio n a s to w h a t c o u ld h a p p e n w it h o u t o u r jo u r n a ls .
A r e th e y n o t,
a fte r a ll, th e v e r y l if e b lo o d o f p r o f e s s io n a l p r o g r e s s ? W it h a ll th e ir lim ita tio n s , d o th e y n o t s e r v e a n im p o r t a n t p u r p o s e a n d fill a n e e d th a t c a n n o t b e m e t th r o u g h a n y o th e r m e d iu m ?
N o t h i n g is p e r f e c t
in h u m a n a ffa ir s a n d i t b e h o o v e s u s a ll to b e c h a r ita b le . I f it m a y b e a d m itte d th a t o u r jo u r n a ls f a ll s h o r t o f p r e s e n tin g th e m e n ta l p a b u lu m
b e s t s u ite d
to o u r n e e d s , is it n o t tr u e th a t th e y
m e r e ly m ir r o r th e m e n ta lity o f th e p r o fe s s io n ?
C a n t h e s t r e a m r is e
h ig h e r th a n its s o u r c e , a n d s h a ll w e e x p e c t p e r fe c tio n w h e r e th e r e is n o p e r f e c t io n ? W e n e e d o u r d e n ta l s c h o o ls , a n d w e n e e d o u r jo u r n a ls .
L et us be
th a n k fu l th a t th e y a r e n o t m o r e im p e r fe c t th a n th e y are.
V IS U A L E D U C A T IO N I t is la t e to d is c u s s t h e m o t io n p ic t u r e a s a t e a c h in g m e d iu m i f its fir s t u s e in m e d ic in e is c o n s id e r e d , a lt h o u g h e a r ly i f o n e is to c o n s id e r it s u s e in d e n tis tr y . w ith
I n 1 9 1 8 , R . T u n s t a ll T a y lo r e x p e r im e n te d
it as an e d u c a tiv e a g e n t a n d m a d e
a r e p o r t in th e A m e r i c a n
J o u rn a l of O r th o p e d ic S u rg e ry , N o v em b er,
1918.
S e le c tin g th r e e
g r o u p s o f stu d e n ts, h e in s tr u c te d o n e b y m e a n s o f le c tu r e s a n d la n te r n s lid e s ; w it h a n o th e r , h e u s e d m o tio n p ic tu r e s a n d le c tu r e s , a n d , w it h th e th ir d , h e u s e d o n ly th e le c tu r e s . se n te d
by
one
le c tu r e r .
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a m o n g th e le c tu r e -m o tio n p ic tu r e g r o u p . c in e m a
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r e s u lts w e r e
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average grades
H o s p ita ls h a v e u se d th e
p e d ia tr ic s
and
su rfa c e
and
m o to r s y m p t o m a to lo g y . In fro m
th e
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s c ie n c e s ,
th e
d e v e lo p m e n t o f
fe r tiliz e d
ova
ta k e n
m ic r o s c o p e a n d o v e n h a s b e e n s h o w n , th e m ito tic p h a se s th a t
1077
Editorial Department
r e q u ir e d h o u r s fo r th e ir a c tu a l m a tu r a tio n b e in g s e e n in a f e w s e c on d s. tio n .
B a c t e r ia a n d p a r a s ite s h a v e b e e n th e s u b je c t o f d e m o n s tr a P e r is t a ls is , h e a r t a c tio n a n d jo in t n lo v e m e n ts h a v e b e e n r e p r o
d u c e d o n th e screen .
S u r g ic a l t e c h n ic is m a d e v is ib le w it h p e r f e c t
a c cu ra c y fo r a ro o m fu ll o f o b serv ers.
I n th is r e s p e c t, its a d v a n ta g e s
a r e s e c o n d o n ly to h a v in g a p la c e a t t h e o p e r a t in g ta b le . T h e m o tio n p ic tu r e h a s m a n y a d v a n ta g e s . r ic u lu m .
th e stu d e n t. w is e
I t p r e se r v e s a ty p ic a l ca se s th a t a stu d e n t m ig h t o th e r
m is s th r o u g h o u t h is
e a s ily
I t sp e e d s u p th e c u r
I t in te n s ifie s tr a in in g , w it h r e d u c e d e ffo r t o n th e p a r t o f
p o r ta b le ; th e y
can
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co u rse.
b e sto p p e d
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film s
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s lid e , a n d “ c lo s e u p s ” o r “ s lo w m o tio n s ” m a y o e p r e s e n te d a t w ill. F u r th e r m o r e , th e film s c a n b e u s e d a d v a n t a g e o u s ly f o r r e v ie w s , w ith
r e s u lts in
o th e r m e th o d .
t im e s a v in g a n d d id a c t ic e ffo r t f a r s u r p a s s in g a n y A n d in a ll p r o b a b ility , in m n e m o n ic v a lu e , a ls o th e y
s u p e r s e d e a n y o th e r m e a n s o f t e a c h in g . T h a t d iffic u ltie s a r e e n c o u n te r e d is o b v io u s . th is as in a n y o th e r n e w d e p a r tu r e .
T h e c o s t is fir s t in
T h e n to o , a tr a in e d m a n ip u la t o r
o f th e a p p a r a tu s m u s t b e o b ta in e d .
T h e a d a p t a t io n o f t h e l i g h t to
t h e o p e r a t io n a n d t h e o p e r a t o r is n o t e a s y in m a n y in s ta n c e s . T e a c h ers m u s t o f n e c e s s ity c h o o s e th e p h a s e s o f th e ir p r o g r a m s th a t a re m o s t a d a p ta b le .
A l l in a ll, th e a d d itio n o f c in e m a t ic e ffe c ts to th e
te a c h in g te c h n ic o f a n y s c h o o l m u s t n e e d s b e s lo w .
O n c e in s ta lle d ,
th e v a lu e o f i t is m a n if e s t . R e c e n tly , a m o tio n p ic tu r e d e m o n s tr a tio n w a s g iv e n o f r e m o v a l o f m a n d ib u la r th ir d m o la r s .
T h e p r o c e s s w a s th a t d e v e lo p e d b y th e
g r e a te s t e x p o n e n t o f th e o s s is e c to r m e th o d .
S o t h o r o u g h ly h a s th is
m a s t e r p e r f e c t e d h i s p r o c e d u r e t h a t t h e t o o t h ’s r e m o v a l w a s a l m o s t m e c h a n is tic . c a tio n
of
T h e r e w a s n o lo s t m o tio n in th e te c h n ic , n o m is a p p li
in s tr u m e n t,
no
fa ilu r e .
S u p p o r tin g
lin e s
a p p e a r e d , in
s t r u c t iv e lin e s , e x p o s it o r y lin e s , c a u s e s o f f a ilu r e , a n d t h e f a ilu r e in pan oram a.
O s s is e c to r s w it h
b o n e as i f it w e r e c h a lk .
r a z o r e d g e s s lic e d a n d s h a v e d c o r tic a l
N o t a to o th b r o k e . T h e o p e r a tio n r e q u ir e d
o n ly a fe w sec o n d s. O b s e r v e r s in v it e d to c r it ic iz e r e m a in e d to w o n d e r a n d p r a is e . one w ho
h as ex tra c ted
a lw a y s w ith
a m o d ic u m
fe a r , a c o m p o s u r e s e ttle d th a t w a s d e lig h t f u l.
o f h e s ita tio n
On and
T h e d e lu s iv e e a s in e s s
T he Journal of the American D ental Association
1078 o f it!
T h e t e e th c a m e o u t a s i f tr a in e d .
i n d i c a t e d t h e i r m a s t e r ’s w i l l .
T h e le v e r s w e r e w a n d s th a t
T h e e x p e r ie n c e w a s g o o d fo r th e m a n
w h o n e e d e d c o u r a g e a n d f a it h fo r b o ld e r e ffo r t. d id n o t la s t lo n g .
B u t th e c o m p o su r e
O f a su d d e n c a m e th e r e a liz a tio n th a t th e o r e ti
c a lly n o th in g w a s b e in g le a r n e d .
O f a tr u th , te e th m u s t f o llo w th e ir
c u r v a tu r e s , b o n y in te r fe r e n c e m u s t b e e lim in a te d , e tc . e le m e n t in th is d is p la y w a s th e p e r s o n a l e q u a tio n .
T h e m a jo r
B ack o f every
m o v e w a s a m a n w h o h a d s p e n t a q u a r te r c e n tu r y in tir e le s s stu d y , s tu d y w h e r e v e r s k u lls w e r e fo u n d , s tu d y o f b o n e , s tu d y o f m e c h a n ic s a n d e n d le s s e x p e r im e n t a t io n . W h a t o f th e e ffe c t o f th is v is u a liz a t io n o n th e y o u th w it h o u t e x p e r ie n c e in e x tr a c tin g ?
W o u ld th e e a se o f it a ffe c t h im
o ld e r o r a m o r e e x p e r ie n c e d m a n ? to th e k n ife as if it w e r e c h a lk .
a s it d id an
T h e a r tif ic ia l m a n d ib le y ie ld e d
T h e s e o s s is e c to r s w e r e ir r e s is t ib le .
T h e w o r s t im p a c tio n w a s a s tr a w in th e w in d b e fo r e th e m .
W hen
t h e y o u t h e s s a y s t h e jo b , h e w i l l fin d t h a t ja w s a r e b o n e , t h a t t e e t h c o n fo u n d
r a th e r th a n o b lig e , th a t in str u m e n ts a r e so m u c h sc r a p -
ir o n w it h o u t — s o m e t h in g e ls e — t h a t p e r s o n a l e le m e n t. S u c h w a s th e fin e sse o f t h e c in e m a t ic o p e r a t io n , t h e t h o u g h t c a m e : C o u ld H o m e r e v e r te a c h A c h ille s to w r it e a n I lia d ?
A n d y e t th e e ffe c t w a s a d e e p
s e n s e o f b e tte r m e n t a n d p e r s o n a l g a in . E d u c a to r s w h o h a v e m a d e e s p e c ia l s tu d y o f th e m o tio n p ic tu r e a r e s lo w to g iv e it g r e a t p r a is e . T h e y c o n c e d e its p la c e a n d its w o r th , b u t w o u ld
n o t s u p p la n t
th e
p r e v a ilin g
m e th o d s
te m p ts to s p e e d , a n d s p e e d le a d s to s u p e r fic ia lity .
of
t e a c h in g .
Tt
I t te n d s to s h o r te n
c o u r s e s r a th e r th a n to d e e p e n th e m , n o t b e c a u s e o f th e p ic t u r e it s e lf , b u t b e c a u s e o f a n u n f o u n d e d c o n fid e n c e it in s p ir e s .
S p e e d fo r s a le s
o r m ile a g e o r u n it p r o d u c tio n is c o m m e n d a b le a n d p r a c tic a l, b u t fo r
m e n ta l
e x p a n s io n
and
e x te n s io n ,
it
is
p r o fo u n d ly
d e b a ta b le .
D e n t a l e d u c a tio n lik e m e d ic a l e d u c a tio n m u s t s till b e a p r o c e s s o f o u t lin e , f o r m u la , te a c h e r a n d t e x tb o o k a n d la b o r a to r y .
I t m ig h t b e
g r e a tly fe a r e d th a t i f a m o tio n p ic tu r e s h o u ld s h o r te n c o u r se s, th e tim e s a v e d w o u ld b e fille d in w ith o th e r su b je c ts. b e c a la m ito u s .
A n d th a t w o u ld
A s c o n d itio n s a r e n o w , th e s tu d e n t m u s t w a it u n til
g r a d u a tio n fo r th e in te g r a tio n a n d c o r r e la tio n o f w h a t h e h a s m e m o r iz e d , a n d f o r th is , h e p a y s in d is a p p o in t m e n t a n d in e ffic ie n c y . T .
Editorial D epartm ent TH E T here
a r e v a r io u s
ST. PA U L
10 79
M E E T IN G
a g e n c ie s th r o u g h
w h ic h
a m e e tin g
m ay
be
m a d e a su c c e ss: th e se a so n o f th e y e a r , th e c h a r a c te r o f th e m e e tin g p la c e , th e f a c ilit ie s fo r tr a n s p o r ta tio n , th e a ttr a c tiv e n e s s o f th e e n t e r ta in m e n t, th e s ig n if ic a n c e o f th e is s u e s th a t a r e a t s ta k e a t th e p a r tic u la r tim e in th e p r o fe s s io n — a ll o f th e s e te n d to a ttr a c t m e m b e r s a n d c r e a te in te r e s t.
B u t t h e o n e o u t s t a n d in g t h in g th a t is m o s t
e s s e n tia l is th e n a tu r e o f th e p r o g r a m .
T h a t , a f t e r a ll, is th e m a g n e t
th a t d r a w s th e m e m b e r s to g e th e r a n d h o ld s th e m
a t th e s e s s io n s in
a c o m m u n it y o f s e n t im e n t a n d a b s o r p tio n t h a t s p e lls s u c c e s s in th e su r e st sen se. T h is y e a r , e v e r y th in g se e m s p r o p itio u s fo r a m o st u n u s u a l m e e t in g .
T h e L o c a l C o m m itte e o n A r r a n g e m e n ts a r e p r o v id in g f a c ili
tie s f o r
th e
c o n v e n ie n c e a n d
c o m fo r t o f th e v is ito r s , th e n a tu r a l
h a b ita t o f th e m e e t in g p la c e is s u c h as to a ttr a c t th o s e w h o a r e i n t e n d in g to m a k e a v a c a t io n o f t h e e v e n t, e it h e r b e f o r e o r a f t e r th e m e e t in g , it is s e t t le d t h a t t h e tr a ffic a s s o c ia t io n w i l l g r a n t a r o u n d t r ip
fo r a fa r e a n d a h a lf , in a d d itio n to w h ic h th e s u r c h a r g e h a s
b e e n ta k e n o ff fo r s le e p in g ca rs, th u s th e c o st h a s b e e n m a te r ia lly reduced .
L a s tly , th e p r o g r a m
p r o m is e s to b e o n e o f th e m o s t in t e r
e s tin g a n d a ttr a c tiv e th a t w e h a v e h a d in y e a r s. T he
g e n e r a l s e s s io n s , a r r a n g e d
by
our ow n
o ffic ia ls ,
are
to
be
e n te r ta in e d b y m e n o f n o te in th e n a tio n , s u c h a s th e H o n . H e n r ik S h ip s te a d , d ie titia n ,
U n ite d of
S ta te s S e n a to r , a n d D r . E lm e r V . M c C o llu m ,
B a ltim o r e .
T he
fo r m e r
w ill
ta lk
on
“ L e g is la tiv e
P h a s e s o f o u r N a t io n a l A d m in is t r a t io n ,” a n d th e la tte r o n “ D e n t a l C a r ie s in R e la t io n to D i e t a n d N u t r i t i o n .” I t s h o u ld b e sta te d th a t th e S t. P a u l A u d it o r iu m , w h e r e th e s e s s io n s a r e to b e h e ld , h a s h ig h c e ilin g s , w it h a ir c o n d it io n in g t h r o u g h o u t, a s s u r in g th e u tm o s t c o m fo r t to th o s e in a tte n d a n c e .
A n e x c e l
le n t a m p lif y in g sy s te m h a s b e e n m a d e a v a ila b le , to th e e n d th a t th e s p e a k e r s m a y f u n c t io n w it h o u t d iffic u lty , a n d to t h e p e r f e c t s a tis f a c tio n o f th e a u d ie n c e . T h e v a r io u s s e c tio n s a r e to b e p r o p e r ly h o u s e d , w it h p e r m a n e n t w a lls
b e tw e en
th e m ,
a
fe a tu r e w h ic h
w ill
c o n tr ib u te
a b ly to th e e ffe c t iv e n e s s o f t h e S e c t io n w o r k .
im m e a s u r
T h e S e c t io n o ffic e r s
1080
T he Journal of the American D ental Association
a r e o r g a n iz in g a p r o g r a m th a t w ill p o r tr a y e v e r y a c tiv ity o f d e n ta l th o u g h t, b o th fr o m
th e th e o r e tic a l a n d fr o m th e a p p lie d a sp e c ts.
O f p a r t i c u l a r i n t e r e s t w i l l b e t h e c l i n i c a l p r o g r a m ,' e m b r a c i n g a s it d o e s a t th is tim e m o r e th a n th r e e h u n d r e d c lin ic s , d e m o n s tr a tin g e v e r y p h a s e o f p r a c t ic a l d e n tis tr y . T h e r e is n o q u e s tio n th a t c lin ic s m a k e a s tr o n g a p p e a l to th e la r g e m a jo r ity o f o u r m e m b e r s. fo r m e d
T o
a c tu a lly se e h o w
m e a n s m o r e th a n a n y a m o u n t o f w r itte n
a p r o c e s s is p e r d e s c r ip tio n , a n d
e v e r y m e m b e r a tte n d in g th e m e e tin g w ill h a v e a m p le o p p o r tu n ity to s e e d e m o n s tr a te d a n y a n d a ll p r o c e s s e s th a t m a y in te r e s t h im . T h e A m e r ic a n D e n t a l A s s o c ia t io n is t h e g r e a t c le a r in g h o u s e o f th e w h o le p r o fe s s io n , a n d th e a n n u a l m e e tin g s a r e th e m ile p o s ts o n th e w a y to r e a l d e n ta l p r o g r e s s .
C o m e to S t. P a u l in A u g u s t a n d
h e lp to r e g is t e r o n e m o r e s te p to w a r d th e c o n s u m m a tio n o f a ll th a t is la t e s t a n d b e s t in t h e p r a c t ic e o f d e n tis tr y .
T H E
N E E D
O F
T H E
H O U R
T h e g r e a te s t n e e d o f th e h o u r in d e n tis tr y is n o t so m u c h t h e c o n s u m m a tio n
of
a
b e tte r
b r id g e s o r d e n tu r e s.
te c h n ic — b e tte r
fillin g s ,
in la y s ,
cro w n s,
T h e fu n d a m e n t a l n e e d is to s a v e t h e s o u l o f
d e n tis tr y , to p r e s e r v e t h e id e a ls a n d th e e t h ic s o f o u r p r o f e s s io n , to s ta n d f o u r s q u a r e to th e w o r ld in th e e s t a b lis h m e n t o f th o s e p r in c ip le s th a t g a v e u s p r o fe s s io n a l sta tu s a t th e b e g in n in g , to p r o v e th e f a it h th a t is in u s fo r th e m a in te n a n c e o f a h ig h e t h ic a l c o n c e p t th a t s h a ll c r e a te a sh a r p d is tin c tio n b e tw e e n o u r p o lic ie s as a p r o fe s s io n a n d th e p r a c tic e s o f th e m a r k e t p la c e . T h e w o r s h ip o f m a m m o n h a s n o p a r t in th e s c h e m e o f r e a l p r o fe s s io n a l lif e .
T h e e x a lta tio n o f a n e th ic a l fa ith , th e c o n s e c r a tio n o f
o u r e n e r g ie s to th e s e r v ic e o f p o o r a n d r ic h a lik e , th e s a c r if ic e o f o u r c o m fo r t fo r th e w e lf a r e o f o th e r s— th e s e th in g s a r e th e n e e d o f th e h o u r in o u r p r o fe s s io n .
A l l e ls e w i l l b e a d d e d u n to u s i f w e b u t
sta n d fa st, a n d p r o c la im o u r c o n v ic tio n b e fo r e th e w o r ld . F R A N K
O .
H E T R IC K ,
D .D .S .
A s w e go to press, w ord is received of th e death of F ra n k O . H etrick , O tta w a , K an., P a st President of the A m erican D en ta l Association. A m ore extended notice w ill appear in the J u ly issue.