MS

International Journal of Mass Spectrometry

and Ion Physics, 48 (1983) 331-334 Elsevier Scientific PublishingCompany,Amsterdam -Printed in The Netherlands

QUANTITATIVE (PAH)

DETERMINATION

IN VEGETABLE

OILS

H.TRAITLER,U.RICHLI Nest16

Research

OF BY

and

POLYCYCLIC

AROMATIC

331

HYDROCARBONS

GC/MS

L.KOLAROVIC

Department,P.O.Box

88,CH-1814

La

Tour-de-Peilz

ABSTRACT Glass capillary gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry was used for the quantitative analysis of PAH extracts obtained from six different vegetable oils by following a caffein formic acid method (ref_l).After LC-column and HPTLC cleanup, almost 100 constituents,resolved on tailor-made SE-30/OV-17 mixed phase columns,were subjected to a mass spectrometric identification procedure which confirmed the presence of PAH, homologous series of alkylated PAH and heterocyclic compounds, respectively. Quantitative analysis of four different coffee oils demonstrated the positive effect of roasting of the beans on the total level of PAH and PAII-related compounds.Results, including also data on PAH profiles of grapeseed and soya-bean oils suggest that the total PAH-burden in vegetable oils correlates with several factors such as environmental influences, processinq,storaye as well as the botanical constitution of parent fruits.

INTRODUCTION The

recent

development

particularely the of

on

possibility PAH

and

the to

focus

PAH-related

Presently,the mixed-phase

for

while

number

of

currently

(ref_4],the of

well

defined

aspect of

food

PAH

of

PAH

and

PAH

columns,offers

emphasis

in

in vegetable

on

complex

obtained etched

oils

100

Iref.3). of

terms

of

in

some

remains

still

OV-17/SE-30 shift

below

the

partially

PAH

studied

also

0

on

matrices smoke) in

the

products,

0020-7381/83/0000-0000/$03.00

resolved,

previously

depends

(eg.tobacco be

the -1 ,

0.2mcy.kq

suggested

cases

to

matrices.

(ref.2)

results

"condensates"

investigation

with

or

However,as

analytical

the

sample

constituents,completely

analysis

food

more

techniques,based

capillary

ammonia

extraction.While in

analytical of

efficiencies

reliability

mode

GC/MS

compounds

columns,possibly limits

exceeds

with

separation

detection the

of

performance

1983ElsevierScientificPublishingCompany

the

are

,this field

332 The

Environmental

U.S.

tion may

and

quantitation

represent

sults

the

suitable

induced

by

be

procarcinogens

dependent

attractive

AND

and

accumulation

of

other

aim

priority

EPA

uniform

oncogenetic

EPA

of

re-

response

pollutants

compounds,currently

proved

characterised

syncarcinogens,respectively(ref.5). of

for

complete

many

illustrates acid

HPTLC

PAH

research

the

method

cleanup

that

profiles

becomes

an

workers.

to

(ref.l,6

of

the

of

and71

oil

highly

produce

PAH-related

application

a rapid

and

combined

compounds

which

is

liquid

PAH

matrice,

complexable

reproducible

with

reliable

with

procedures,respectively.The

fraction

caffeine,proved PAH

the

detec-

DISCUSSION

caffeine-formic

as

other

recommends

While

evaluation,the

analysis

paper

and

(EPA)

PAH.

towards

and

on

and

objective

defined

step

further

also

Consequently,the

column

first

Agency

16 principal

benzo[alpyrene

to

This

of

for

as

RESULTS

Protection

GC

by

profiles

benzo[blchrysene

as

of

the

internal

standard. The

GC/MS

fication which oils

system

of

demonstrate extracted the

relevant

of

the

total

burden

compounds PAH

in The

in

the

cultivated Robusta

burden

PAH

and

of

PAH-related

oils

PAH

and

oil the

a ratio

after

for

the

Arabica

to

1).

It

botanical at coffee

from

between

and

is

of

extracted Arabica

identithose,

the

coffee

shown

Arabica from

type

accumulate

by

and along

also

and

Robusta

oil

phenanthrenes

is

beans

their

heterowith

the

fraction.

related

extracted

the of

compounds

histdries

alkylated

caffein-complexable

before

different

unprocessed

from

compounds

(1.8

beans.As

and

significantly

of

for

between

processed

homologous

tool

differences

coffee

as

oil

principal

species.The

expressed

nounced

a valuable

dibenzothiophenes,which

level

coffee

be

substances,particularely

botanical

of

as

to of

different

coffee

distinguishes

range the

total

to

Robusta

proved

a wide

compounds the

the

roasted total

roasting

type

(2.45

interesting

history,the

higher

altitudes

bean

(200-80Om).

is

of to to

beans.The

amount the

note

of

than

and more

the

that,owing

coffee

(700-1700m)

is

for

lower

decrease,when

PAH

beans

1) than

Arabica

significantly

tree the

related pro-

Robusta to

is

type

the generally

more

resistent

333 METHYL-NW~~HALENE 1m:

METHYL-PHENANTHRENE ClSH12

100;

I

I

d.

METHYL-DIPHENYLTHIOPHENE ;:7bi14s

2%

d.

1. Typical on-line heterocgclic compounds.

fig.

EI mass

spectra

PRCE

3

.3.,9 t

of PAR-related

and

Part of the Fig. 2. TIC-chromatoRram of Robuata green coffee oil.GC-conditfons see Fig.3.

Fig.f.

The

Gas chromatograms of PAH and four different coffee oils.

total

tively

amounts

are

grapeseed -1 ) in kg

also oil

PAH

in

soya-bean

was

linked

shown of

to

contain

vegetable

with

and In

different.

a series

is possibly parent

of

related

the

the

oils

botanical

compounds

grapeseed

a previous lowest

from

oils,respecwork

burden

(ca.23mcg.

investigated-This constitution

(ref .I],

tendency of

the

fruit.

REFERENCES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

L.Kolarovic and H.Traitler,J.Chromatogr.Z37(1982),263pp. H.Traitler and A.Pr&&t,JHRC&CC 4(1981),433pp. H.Borwitzky and G.Schomburg,J.Chromatogr.l70(1979),99pp. L.Kolarovic and H.Traitler,JHRC&CC 4(1981),523pp. G.Grimmer and H.Bahnke,IARC publication No.3,1979,163pp. Rundsch_75(7979)350pp A.N.Sagredos and D.Sinha-Roy,Deut.Lebensm. Deut.Lebensm.Rundsch.77(1981)33pp. A.N.Sagredos and D.Sinha-Roy,